due to two factors, a lack of hygiene in the system and the lack of security management. communicators,he on c-span2. >> created in 1938 to investigate not the influence and agents in the united states, the house of representatives un-american activities committee is more widely known from postwar investigations of those suspected of communist ties. "real america", operation abolition, i 1960 mayittee film documenting a 1960 filtering in san francisco. the film claims that communist infiltrators protested and disrupted the hearing, although many groups, including the aclu, disputed the charge at the time. "time," ano estimated 50 million people watched "operation abolition" at meetings." of communistsample propaganda published by organization known as the calmness front. it is at this instant being distributed throughout the united states by dedicated hard-core communist agents. its pamphlet and others like play a major role in one phase of the communist war to destroy our nation, a phase called by the communists, "operation abolition." ♪ walton,man francis e chairman of the house of un-american activities. "operation: abolition." this is what the communist call their current activities to discredit j edgar hoover. party has given top priority to operation abolition and has assigned agents trained in propaganda to this project. scenes you will be viewing were taken by newsreel during thers hearings on the committee of un-american activities in san francisco california on may 12, 1960., and may 14 communistee the practices, in which a few well-trained agents are able to incite and use non-communist sympathizers to perform the dirty work of the communist party. , secondee archie brown in command of the commons party in california, and the leader of the international longshoremen's union. ralph isaac, one of the top communist propagandists, was welcome guest of the red chinese government while american soldiers were giving lives in the korean war. walkster,ee douglas an agent. william mandel, another communist propagandist. he served the conspiracy in the field of radio and television. wilkinson,frank recently convicted of contempt .f congress, charged the west coast headquarters -- you'll see those and others in action and the shocking technique which they used to incite others to violence. we are all too familiar with the pattern of communist revolution in venezuela. in cuba. in japan. happen on american soil? this film, showing communism in action, will answer that question. >> this is city hall in san francisco. of the hearingte house committee on un-american activities in 1960. this is the largest attack by the calmness party since the launching of "operation abolition." asin e willis was designated chairman of the subcommittee charged with the investigation of columnist activities in the northern california area. other members of the mulderittee are morgan m and congressman gordon h she arer of ohio. congressman willis explains more fully the reasons for the hearings. >> we are here together information as we are ordered to do i act of congress with respect to the general operation of the communist conspiracy, wherever it may be. mandate that has been on the books for over 20 years. we have received orders to maintain general surveillance of communist operations with the intention of correcting laws having to do with our internal security. this is part of our general studies of the machinations of the calmness conspiracy. >> the communist apparatus unleashed its trained educators month before -- months before the scheduled hearings were said to begin. the directed retests follow -- the directive reads as follows: aclu plans to begin today. it plans for students to come hearings ands and asks people to laugh out loud when things get ridiculous." among the communist leaders who had enacted part in the abolition campaign where harry bridges, who you see here being out of city hall by police officials moments before the writing broke out -- writing broke out.ing archie brown played another major role. he is identified as the number two man in the california communist party and admittedly has been a party member for some 20 years. he had to be ejected from the hearing room on three separate occasions. archie brown was active in disturbing propaganda pamphlets outside the city hall building. he had been subpoenaed by the committee as a witness. another top communist agitator was merle bronstein, -- merle brondsky. he was ejected from the hearing room on two separate occasions for leading demonstrations while the committee was receiving testimony. member calmness party played an important role in the riots. --ophomore at uc california the university of california, he attended the 17th national commission of the calmness party in december of 1959 -- of the communist party in december 1959. the organization was always completely surrounded by protesters. inside the building, they have reserved largest hearing room in the city with a seating capacity 400 to 402, and eight -- accommodate the crowd. they represent various patriotic and religious groups. the remainder of the chamber is filled with students, longshoremen, and the wives of subpoenaed gentlemen. at this point, professional communist agitators in the hall began leading the crowd in chants and songs while the committee attempts to conduct proceedings inside. during the morning session, the student contingent seceded -- succeeded in disrupting the committee time and time again. after 11:00, chairman willis is to eject merle archie brown, and others from the room. [shouting] >> why is he being put out, mr. chairman? you wanted him here? [yelling] >> this is part of this whole vicious wiwitchhunt. askedhard aaron' is about his various participation in the calmness party. >> and the question as to my political beliefs and associations deprives me of the right of free speech and petition. the house of un-american committee's activity serves no legislative or constitutional purpose. [applause] rom au're reading fo statement. read it please. it punishes individuals and groups for the political ideas and associations. it allows for public exposure in combination. you're refusing on the basis of the first amendment? >> it punishes individuals and groups for their political ideas and associations. it often results in economic sanctions. i cannot cooperate with the committee in answering any such questions. i have an obligation as a citizen of this country to serve the constitution. i cannot do so by allowing the house of un-american activities committee to question my political association. >> invoked the fifth amendment. is ordered to answer a question involving his commonest party membership. >> i decline to answer that question and i respect fully refuse to answer it on the constitutional grounds that i cannot be forced to bear witness against myself. >> during the new lunch and recess, a protest rally in union square attracts nearly 1000 students and spectators. they listened intently as two san francisco is simply men and a prominent clergyman unleashed bitter attacks against the house committee of un-american activities. the rally a colleges major objectives. during the afternoon, hundreds of additional students crowd in attention to gain entry to the already overcrowded hearing room. stepnts outside the room up their chanting and singing, turning the hallways of city hall into chaos. unable to maintain order. meanwhile, a group of subpoenaed communist witnesses have already begun a demonstration inside the hearing room. willis calls for order -- chairman willis calls for order to no avail. a specially trained police squadron is called to the scene to attempt to restore order. memberscommonest party allommunist party members incited and trained to riots. [shouting] [applause] >> open the doors. open the doors. >> what are you hiding? we have nothing to hide. [shouting] [applause] [shouting] >> open the doors. open the doors. [chanting] >> open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. ting] >> open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. >> get out of town. that's what you want. you want us to get out of town. i think that these people here--what are you afraid of? >> join in. perilous night ♪ watched werets we so gallantly streaming and the rockets red glare the bombs bursting in air gave proof through the night that our flag was still there ♪ does thato say star-spangled banner yet wave? free andland of the ? ♪ home of the brave [applause] [shouting] >> open the doors. open the doors. open the doors. [chanting] door!n the >> what are you afraid of? this is americanism. this is americanism in action. this is americanism in action. [booing] [gavel strike] [booing] >> upon request to chairman willis, policeman room re more archie brown, then merle graham, .rodsky, and chairman edwin willis calls for law and order in the hearing room. [booing] >> in no courtroom in america are people around the sidelines on orderly. in no picture show or not public -- ure are people allowed that is the only reason why this meeting -- we are very patient. .e will continue to be patient this meeting has been-- disorderly conduct. >> on the second day of the hearing, loudspeakers are set up across the street from city hall in an attempt to alleviate the crowd trying to gain entrance into the hearing room. nevertheless, hundreds of students, longshoremen, and spectators crowd into the building as picketers demonstrate outside. lead over 200 intoe the hearing room until it is once again filled. [shouting] >> on the left, you can see the progressive party candidate for united states of 1952. is the attorney for several of the witnesses called to testify at the hearings. as with the case on thursday, students line the hallways. chants and sounds get longer. defiance to police attempts to maintain order becomes more universal. students enthusiastically join in on the refrains to the songs. "abolish the committee, we shall not be moved." demonstrations in the hallways become so loud that the judges bers are cham unable to continue procedures. remove --n orders to the police are given orders to remove the demonstrators immediately. to bephlets continue distributed, the police warn that they must be quite, or the orders of the judges will be enforced. police warnings are met with cheers and boos and chanting chanting. finally, the order is given to remove them. when attempt is made to carry out the order, the crowd responds by throwing a shoe and jostling the officers. one officer warns the firehose will have to be used. the demonstrators become more and more unruly. one student provides the spark that touches off the violence when he leaps over a barricade and grabs a police officers nightstick and begins eating the officer over the head. as the mob surges forward to storm the doors, a police inspector orders that the fire hoses be turned on. point, leaders in the group give orders to resist police enforcement. the crowd, in open defines of law and order, begin singing, "we shall not be moved." police riots are met by boos and jeers -- police are met by boos and jeers from the wrioters. they put their hands in their interlocking arms in what is described later by student newspapers as "n on-violent resistence." police take the defiant students one by one by the feet and slide them down the wet marble stairs of city hall. on several occasions, the pattern of so-called "non-vio resistence" is broken by violent students. those who have broken the law are taken to the police office, where they are booked. charge police brutality. repeatedribe incidents of police cruelly beating students, the "innocent peaceful students" where thrown over to flights of stairs where they were picked up and thrown into paddy wagons. these films taken by news men on the scene and edited only to the point of removing repetition show a clear example of the lack of respect for truth which is common practice within the communist propaganda press. [booing] >> the communist party awry rges uninjured. -- eightan are injured policeman are injured to the point where they require hospitalization. ♪ rex five officers were seriously hurt, to suffering heart attacks. -- five officers were seriously hurt, 2 suffering heart attacks. this officer, agent 61, suffered a stroke when not down by student agitators. down by student agitators. ♪ >> one of the commonest -- communists arrested was among 7, notorious louisville charged with conspiring to destroy property to achieve a political and and contempt of ofrt -- end and contempt court. ♪ >> at the police station, the rebellious students appear to have lost a little of their blatant enthusiasm and defiance. without the psychological stimulus of mass chanting and singing, the individual students seem somewhat conscious and ashamed of what they have done. lower longer is there an arab no longer is there an air of defiance. the organization has been changed into individual confusion. these young people have been openly duped into resisting law enforcement by a handful of communist agitators. another congressman assigned to the subcommittee conducting hearings in san francisco was august e johanson. >> the students whose activities you have just witnessed, whether are, aslize it or not, i pointed out to them in san toying withpointing wit treason, hand-picked by the communists to do the dirty work of communists. this is the greatest danger of all. the pattern of communist revolution and insurrection throughout the world has been to dupes toate and train carry their party directive in the world while they remain in the shadows through a careful propaganda and smear campaign. a fewre able to inject with the virus. the disease spreads rapidly among their friends and associates and a so called a spontaneous movement suddenly takes form. from this point on, the communists are relatively free to sit on the sidelines, issue occasional directives, and watch as their desires and projects are fulfilled to the perfection of their wildest dreams. among those arrested in city hall at san francisco were a few trained communist agents. others, the unwitting dupes of the party who in the heat of chanting and singing performed like puppets with the communists in control of the strings to the point of willfully and deliberately defying law and order. admittedlysts have chosen the minds of our youth as the number one area for therein's use attack -- for their insidious attack. my fellow citizens, what you is ajust seen and heard challenge not only to be patriotic youth of our nation, but to every citizen who is determined that we help maintain our freedom. >> you have seen two types of , onenist inspired violence taking the form of mass challenge of authority inside a congressional hearing room, the other in the form of open writing and physical resistance to law enforcement. a third type of tactic common in the operation abolition campaign comes through individual witnesses. archie brown, already ejected from the hearing room on two occasions, is called to the stand and sworn in. he asks the chairman to shift the lights. chairman, can we shift the lights oa bit. >> archie brown, second in command, is a top west coast agitator. ironically, he appears as a witness in the hearing room of the board of supervisors of san francisco six months after he received 35,000 votes as a candidate for the same board. he is asked by staff director richard aarons 25 himself. mr. brown: my name is archie brown. i live at 1027 russell street. i am a longshoreman. ,--ant to state, mr. chairman [being spoken over] >> my family is being threatened! over] spoken >> the witness is ordered to answer the question. >> are you represented by counsel? >> i am. george anderson. >> where were you born? i intend to state that to answer the question. i was subpoenaed here-- spoken over] >> if you please, sir. answer the outstanding principal question. >> what is the outstanding principal question? >> where were you born? >> i already said it. >> can you say word about your education? >> as he attempts time and time a lengthyead propaganda statement, he is admonished that he must answer the questions of the committee and conduct himself in an orderly manner or he will be removed for the third time. you may file that paper at this time if you wish to. >> i wish to read the statement. i want to read this statement. how come you are depriving me? i want to explain my positions. >> you may not read it. [indiscernible] [shouting] [booing] [gavel strikes] >> another defined witness is william mandel, deployed as a radio and television news commentator in the san francisco bay area. he is a top communist propagandist, serving the party in the underground areas as an instructor in communist training schools and operating for the party in public circles, posing as a respected news man. he displays his bitter defiance of the committee. he refuses to answer questions regarding his communist membership and activities. >> if you think that i'm going to cooperate with this theirtion of men who set in violation of the u.s. constitution, if you think you cooperate with you, you are insane. [applause] [gavel strikes] >> when asked about his role as at thenist, in lecturing california labor school, he replies. >> this question has no purpose. when i was asked this question last in 1943 by joe mccarthy, i am honored when people come up to me on the street, perhaps they don't deserve this, they say i'm the man who killed joe mccarthy. i did my best to conduct myself in the manner which i'm conducting myself today. if there were any such evidence theyst me under any law, could move against me. this party is improperly constituted. it does not have my respect. it has my utmost contempt. i am not going to answer that question. >> this is the pattern employed by the communist, therir dupes and sympathizers, in operation abolition. congressman gordon h scherer of ohio. scherer: frank wilkinson for refusing to answer questions regarding his communist party membership and activities. frank wilkinson's job for the communist party consists of one, prime duty, to incite resistance and trouble for the house committee of un-american activities in any given location where the committee is to conduct hearings. frank wilkinson was in san francisco during the may hearings. he arrived in the city prior to the committee to organize the so-called spontaneous public demonstrations against the committee of the hearings. he was actually inciting hostile action against the committee during the hearings. frank wilkinson was interviewed by news men shortly after he had ducating among student emma slater demonstrators. you will hear him explaining operation abolition. >> to have anything to do with the demonstrations? >> i've just been an observer. >> you are organizing protests against the committee? >> yes. one of the things i do for our committee is to come to each community when the committee issues a subpoena to assist the subpoenaed arson and others in the community who are not familiar with the kind of unconstitutional behavior this committee carries on, to assist that community and those subpoenaed. >> your called an international communist agent. are you? >> that's a very flattering remark. i've been frequently called a "hard-core communist." never an "international communist." until the supreme court has answered the fundamental constitutional question, which is not pending in my case, one of the 36 test cases of this committee, until they have resolved this matter and declared these kinds of questions under compulsion to be illegal and unconstitutional, i refuse to answer the question away from the committee as well as directly to the committee. wilkinson, arank top communist court nader of operation -- coordinator of operation abolition. during the past 45 minutes, you have witnessed only the surface manifestation of an extensive operation by the communists, which in many phases is so, -- is subtle, and takes the form of letter writing campaigns and a wide range of activities, not for the purpose of improving the investigative techniques of congressional activities, not for the purpose of extending civil liberties as they would have you believe, but for the about objective of destroying the committee for un-american activities and our nation's security program. you have seen communism in action. whichs the same communism in this instance is attempting to devour the world through ,ubversion, revolution deceit, and propaganda. through these films, you have seen communism with its mask ripped off. bettere seen its far bitter core. ♪ >> the 1960 house un-american activities committee film "operation abolition," was seen by an estimated 50 million people -- 15 million