close coordination with our iraqi partners in baghdad and in the north province. at bottom, as military campaign plan comes together, thesefour nonmilitary components , political agreement on the disposition of forces, and unified humanitarian plan, civilization of local governments must keep pace. i believe next to the pledging conference yesterday to meetings we are having this week foundation is being set. the liberation of mosul and raqqa is now an achievable objective and it's one we must get right. liberating these areas will not only free millions from the terror of daesh, it will make the world safer. tonight daesh c haven the plan attacks, denying access toresources , shuddering propaganda outlets and exposing it. when two historic caliphate. two years ago, when we first met as a coalition in general, is looking possible. but thanks to our work to date is now possible but is still not inevitable. the unexpected will happen. we must remain flexible, adaptive, he prepared to respond to katie united in a dynamic and highly uncertain environment. the former american president anytown liberation of europe in world war ii, dwight eisenhower famously said the plan is often useless. it's the planning that is indispensable. by planning together as a coalition over the coming weeks, by pooling resources and ensuring our nonmilitary line to keep pace with the military progress we can and will remain steps ahead of daesh and we will provide our partners on the ground who will be doing the fighting with the best they have to deal the third the most significant and effective as secretary carter said lasting defeat yet so again i want to back you for coming here and i look forward to working with you over the months ahead and for the discussion we will have the rest of the afternoon, thank you. >> brett, thanks very much. i now ask again for the press to clear the room. we are going to take, let me share with everybody well while the press is moving out, we will have a series of interventions coming up now by individual countries, specific to your and syria to some degree. we will then have a working ... >> we leave the last few events to take you like to the state department and secretary of state john kerry with defense secretary aston carter and the follow-up news conference . >> as i think you know, today we convened a meeting of the foreign and defense ministers of the counter daesh coalition. and with the welcome addition of interval, that coalition now stands at 67 members . and today it's sessions included presentations from the secretary of defense, secretary carter , special presidential envoy kirk, the director of national intelligence general clapper and we had a lot of time through three different sessions, the main session this morning, luncheon session and then a long session this afternoon to the vehicle to have a full discussion that was almost, i think everybody weighing in and i think one thing that really struck me today was the extraordinary threat of agreement about the strategy, about what we have accomplished,, we still have to encompass and the direction ahead. across every region and in every aspect of our work , the level of commitment could not be higher. in the recent spate of vicious terror attacks in various countries of the middle east and europe and elsewhere has only made every single member of this coalition more determined to succeed. now, i think it's really important to remember that the counter daesh coalition came together less than two years ago, starting from ground zero in terms of this kind of broad cooperative initiative along many different lines of effort as we call them but ranging from the connecticut, the military direct action to the training to the counter for a fighter movement efforts to the counter financing efforts to the targeting of their infrastructure and their payment routines to the exchange of information, the sharing of intelligence, it's been a major growth in the capacity of the coalition to actually become more and more effective every day. at the time, that we came together, president obama directed me to put this coalition together, at that point in time the terrorists were rampaging through broad parts of both syria and iraq and everybody remembers the images of these parades of toyotas with machine guns, with black flags and isil members seemingly unopposed at that moment in time until president obama ordered the beginning of air attacks to stop them from moving into baghdad itself. they were overrunning and plundering key cities, murdering or enslaving thousands of people. and they were destroying ancient cultural sites and declaring themselves the leaders of all of islam. one of the things that left out to me today and of course of our discussions were the arab countries themselves >> >> >> that requires stabilization support coming from people as well was equipment to support and funding for various initiatives. the coalition is now determined to do what is necessary to fight dash is and syria. but today coalition partners have carried out more than 4,000 airstrikes in an effort that is clearly now going to benefit by the decision of four additional coalition members to join the air campaign. we know as i said earlier in my opening comments to a the ministers that defeating daish is a challenge and we know that we've been are making progress but we want more and to do it faster. also getting at it is a challenge. we will prepare carefully and proceed relentlessly. i am confident we will succeed. in -- and what i mean is we will deprive daish of of their base and strike a heavy blow in those two areas with the most secure territory from which it was announcing. but daish will remain dangerous even when that the ft takes place and the reason is they have dispersed people over a number of years to the various countries and as we were reminded today by the participants of this coalition, in fact, reminded by the foreign minister of iraq to himself who have said people come to iraq for more than 100 countries attracted by the initial narrative that daish was pushing through social media. even though it is losing ground in the middle east we already know they will try to transform themselves into a global terrorist organization and network capable of orchestrating attacks that we have seen in various places and that also will take time and is hard work. countering this global network plan was the subject of the afternoon discussion today, the major focus among coalition members. we talked about the importance of realtime communication so police and border guards and officials know when they are coming into contact with suspected terrorists. so somebody is visiting who has been to iraq depends on the flow of information and coordination between the coalition members we talked about efforts under way to contradict daish messaging from social media and efforts better should knowing -- showing said it began zion's of progress with the entry of many of the muslim nations, arad and otherwise opening their own communications channels that have been most effective so those a have defected or sharing with people the mythologies of daish allies they are told in the exploitation that has a profound impact to help counter the recruitment and change the overall narrative. we talk about the need to create opportunity where populations are most susceptible to terrorist recruitment and week knowledge that radicalization can result from any number of specific causes if there is no one thing of the particular instigator and obviously some of these recruitment efforts are quite unique to those individuals involved as we learn more about their lives and mental state. finally we agreed on the importance of a very simple but compelling message that we hope to spread everywhere and that message is the terrorism we have seen a by daish and their accomplices literally results so far anyway but in nothing but death and destruction. edessa ended bans any particular cause most could not tell you what the cause is except an explosion of anger and hate the results in the death that i described. nothing that i do will lead us to abandon our principles and beliefs because they don't offer an alternative. it will not pompous to change the way we organize societies for lessened our commitment to human rights including women's rights with our commitment to the rule of law it will not drive us from public places of restaurants or sports arenas or houses of worship or celebrations of cultural and national pride. people around the world listening to daish propaganda should know beyond a scintilla of doubt that when the story of our era is written, the world will look back to say that daish made zero difference beyond the cruel suffering that it caused end of every single person who committed mortar or suicide at its direction did so shamefully and in vain. the think the message at today's meeting is clear the counter daish coalition will go forward today from washington united and more determined with the clear sense of its strategy in the will press on vigorously with our partners with this endeavor in iraq and syria and libya and we talk data links with libya and our commitment to the national court in the efforts to fight and we will steadily intensify our efforts intel would never impose today is ended and we are working with friends across the globe with increasing strategies and commitments to root out those terrorist networks to find new and innovative ways ourselves to enhance our communications to disrupt the enemy and safeguard the lives of our citizens that is what today's meeting was about in one of the best i have attended the during the time i have been secretary of state and they think it was productive and will be measured by the results on the ground. with that i am happy to take a few questions. >> we have time for just a few. you just talked about unity in the counter isil coalition and they do is the beating heart of the coalition can you respond to donald trump's remarks about the nato unity and his suggestion about potential financial quid pro quo in the u.s. meeting or not meeting treaty obligations under nato? >> look, i have said this before and i will say it again. i am not going to get into a the presidential race. i am not allowed under law. to go candidate against kennedy i am not in politics. so let me just restate american policy with respect to nato because i want our partners to be clear where we stand. this administration like every single administration republican and democrat alike since 1949, remains fully committed to the nato alliance and to our security commitments under article five which is absolutely bedrock to our membership. every nato country is a member of the coalition against daish and 20 of those 28 nations were here today that is how important it is and a coordination with allies be made it clear in warsaw a week ago or so we will continue to increase capability in readiness and responsiveness of the nato forces to address any threat to detour further stabilizing activities that occur. nato is as unified as it has been. they plus up the money they are contributing, and our souls, we are strengthening our presence. and i think everybody believes that is making a difference to the security of our country. >> the next question. >> it is obvious the next up would be mosul for apollo flight with the transition with syria with what is happening? >> hopeful is the right word. i cannot say i am confident because there are very tough issues better being resolved but i reiterate what i said in moscow. we made progress in moscow. in the last couple of days as our teams have been working to do the homework we said we would do coming out of moscow, it has been constructive. we are going steadily and carefully down the road without making promises to people in public that we can keep because i think people are already frustrated enough by what is happening in syria. we will go methodically, there is a possibility if everybody does what they have said they are prepared to do that this could change. that is our goal. i am hopeful we can get there we will do everything in our power to working good faith to do so. but nothing we have done or are doing is based on trusting the word of somebody but based on our ability to work out a series of measurable steps that each party would take in order to make this work. the proof is not in the words but the final product. >> the next question comes from a sp. >> with the plans you are making with libya and yemen there are other areas beyond syria and iraq that have a political crisis at the moment. and to support local forces. have we been able to engage with mr. putin last week? anything you can tell us about on july 17? >> i did hear the last part. >> i cannot say anything about that at this point in time with turkey and yemen flatly be very specific the foreign minister because of the security meetings they're having back there and with not be affected by those events of the counter daish never enter key will continue to be a working in a full partner and member with the counter daish coalition and with no consequence of what has happened from the turkish minister who came here today in order to take part in these meetings. we have had a series of meetings in the last few days. in brussels we discussed the coordination we also talked about ukraine with another challenge we're working on. and in brussels we talked in london over today's with several meetings and with these initiatives then and now with the deputy crown prince to talk about yemen and with the egyptians about libya and i think in both places we could charge out specific steps we hope we can take in the next day's to strengthen the government of national accord as they focus further on daish presence in libya with specific agreements to move that for word likewise those talks are moving. and to lay out a sequence with those provisions that is the stalemate to break that stalemate to move forward. so all of these issues are all of these meetings simultaneously with the most amount of time but we had a long discussion about ukraine and the responsibilities of both parties to move forward and make progress on the agreement and we will be talking with our counterparts to try to that process and then try to see some progress very soon. and these meetings, eddy's gatherings with respect to the daish alliance gives us an opportunity to also make sure we are working together in the most cooperative way with the state of the hour options do try to resolve this other crisis there all interconnected and we'll understand that even with very unique characteristics of different sets of players between them there is still a connection of the dots with respect to daish or al qaeda in the case of yemen and the challenge to bring complicated sectarian divisions together in a way to find a solution and i think conceptually we made progress now we need to implement what we have agreed on. >> this concludes the up press conference stick the creative director for the independent journal review the first time we have done in interview sitting on beanbags. >> i am happy to provide a historical moment. >> how he played a role in this campaign? >> and has been fascinating it is the first time the internet will truly be elect a president. the internet likes to be spoken to in a certain way in we have been able to work with the number of candidates on both sides to provide exciting and unique content that tells their personal story to give the young person access to those running for president that we like to interpret those. >> if you want to check out on you to what are the more memorable moments of this campaign and your involvement? >> the second week he was running for president he gave out his cell phone number and that was a fascinating moment we didn't know what to do with that and we proposed an interview with lindsey graham but that shows him how to distrait a cellphone the problem where suddenly he cannot use it because every reporter in the universe had it. so we created a video that reached over 100 million americans destroying sell phones that was exciting. you just think what would that candidates like to do? that now ted cruz personally but it seems like he was like to be taken off the end of of a hot machine gun so we asked if he would be willing in to our surprise he said yes so we cut the bacon with a machine gun with ted cruz avenue, you have the we have worked with nine candidates across the aisle and martin o'malley a few times saying he went to wall street so he went to see how much money he could raise so we fill the gap. it has been very exciting thing people are realizing you have to be a human being to really you -- to relate to with you it is a fun moment in journalism where is that phone that lindsey graham used now? >> it was giving in to the smithsonian they asked if we had any historic items and now is legitimately in a museum of the artifacts of 2016 this smashed up pieces of bone is behind glass in a case it is fitting because it did break glass and a lot of rules and it was fun to do dash. >> lusby ascii where we are asked as he reached whole new audience as technology changes so quickly the way people get news information and ideas? >> currently we are on the floor on beanbags right now. very much the way i would want you to feel the way you come into my house. i think that's the way want to communicate online. with that art of the journalism that is a huge factor so for our space that we built here this moment in journalism you can come into play video games and that is the way we like to tell stories. >> with beanbags? >> the biggest sea standards of all time. [laughter] we grew up in iowa and did not have cable but we had c-span so i would watch that growing up late into the powers of the night you are such a resource for i will tell you to get the c-span interview sitting on a bean bag in front of donald trump is the highlight of my life so far. [laughter] >> we appreciate it. about one t down the road from the downtown area of cleveland, and at our table is barbara perry, presidential scholar at the university of virginia's >> at our table is a presidential scholar at the university of virginia and miller center banks for being here. let's put senator ted cruz is speech into the'' historical context what did you make about that? >> i was just talking about that he said india their examples i said there are hardly anything is new or unprecedented except donald trump himself but go back to the republican convention leading lao moderates from the northeast to the republican party as they began to shift with barry goldwater but very conservative as rockefeller got up to give a speech tond make the case for a moreo the dt moderate republican is some switching to the democratic side people remember if they were alive at that time orhe have read the history of the violence on the floor particularly those from mayor daley from chicago in the senator from connecticut he was a light rarefactions in anti-semitic slurs were being thrown by mayor daley so everything old is new again and vice versa. >> go to the republicans in 1964 what impact did that was s have? >> goldwater was swept up in a tidal wave witting in a landslide with johnson and the house and senate allowed johnson to be able to pass the 1964 civil rights act which is already there thenn kennedys introduce that prior to the assassination in 63 but through johnson's up leadership they could pass that and in 1965 pushing through the great society programs with programs like medicare between the extreme view of barry goldwater and rockefeller republicans but also for years to come that we are for the good but people who have disagreements from 64 or 65 with those great societyheal programs. >> was any attempt to healan leading up to that november? gu no. once you have a winning of the party the goldwater republicans were true believers in they pushed ahead if you are a true believer doesn't mattertter is o because you believe soso strongly you don't care. so then we go to the next election with nixon now people look back to say thatof anti-communist hunter butck yet he was representing not the rockefeller wing but somewhere in between and to get them to appoint to a lecter candidate 1968. . . comparison to the republicans, the grassroots, the voters this time around that was similar to what was happening the last time we had a -- as the smithsonian magazine called it -- "the ugliest of conventions?" guest: it seems to me donald trump is an unprecedented candidate by having no government experience and no political experience. >> guest: it's hard to find a historical context. for those of us who study presidential history, we have our work cut out for us. study i think we're seeing this populist movement that was also the bernie sanders movement. so the combination of bernie sanders reaching out in a pop list message, donald trump reaching out in a populist message. yes, there are populists within both parties, but a third of americans do not identify with either of the two major political parties. so when we talk about populist in one of the parties, we're' also talking about a major part of this independent group of americans who also consider themselves now populists. >> host: presidential historian barbara perry here to the take your questions and your comments here about this time around, the 2016 republican national convention. republicans, 202, 748-8001. democrat, 202-748-8000, and independents, 202-748-8002. barbara perry, let me ask you what donald trump needs to do tonight in his speech. >> guest: first of all, he needs to unify the party, and we know last night from ted cruz he has his work cut out for him, although it's possible that maybe ted cruz lent himself to unifying the party behind donald trump in the sense that people, obviously, at the end of that speech on the convention floor among the delegates were not very happy with ted cruz. so it may be that he served to help unify just last night alone. but what d do is, obviously, pump up his core believers, again, true believers in donald trump and that populist message. those will be the people in the delegate selection process. then reach out to those who didn't support him among the delegates and within the party as a whole. and then he needs to pivot.an he needs to pivot to reach americans who didn't get behind him who are independent but maybe don't lean republican but might be open to that populist message. and he needs to broaden his base beyond strictly white voters. >> host: how does he get senator ted cruz's delegates, those supporters, behind him tonight after what happened last night? >> guest: he may not. to be honest, he may not. and, again, we switch back to '64, and we see that there wereb probably those republicans who were going to be in favor of the moderate wing of nelson rockefeller who may not have voted for barry goldwater, and there's a very famous ad that was run that year with an actor portraying a more moderate f republican who said i've been a republican all my life, my parents and grandparents were republican, i just don't think can go for the extremism of barry goldwater. >> host: let's get to call. marilyn in columbus, ohio.is good morning to you. >> caller: hi, how are you? i would like to talk about, i'm a supporter of trump, and i'm very disappointed, embarrassed and ashamed of kasich. when the convention came to ohio, he was very proud that it came to ohio. but yet he's let the people of ohio down and embarrassed them. and i think that people of ohio should ask for him to resign. he was late coming into the campaign, leaving the campaign, and it's all sour grapes as far as he's concerned. i don't appreciate -- >> host: all right, marilyn, we'll take that. that's another dynamic that'ss happening here in cleveland. >> guest: yes. and in a way even hoe kasich was a conservative -- even though kasich was a conservative, in some ways he's the opposite of the wing that was splitting off from the candidate in 1964, he's more conservative in his mind than donald trump and probably in reality he's more conservative.ti so i'm interviewing him the other night, and he said i'm standing on principle.er he threw a big reception at the rock and roll museum hall of name here in cleveland, and you should have seen the peoplee gathered around the governor. i'm sure he's enjoying that moment. one must give credit where credit is due in terms of his standing up for principle, but i can understand the caller's upset. she wants the republican party the unite behind her candidate, donald trump. >> host: any historical precedent for a candidate who ran to not get behind their party's nominee on the republican or democrat side like your seeing with senator ted cruz and governor kasich and then have that be about a future campaign, a winning one? >> guest: hard to find sometimes in our history, but i'm thinking back, for example, to the republicans in their split between the more moderate wing, again, represented by general eisenhower who was not a a political animal, we must remember. in that sense, like donald trump, though he had 30 years of military experience. five-star general, leader of allies in world war ii but hadt not run for elected office and was even being courted by the democrats in 1952. you take an example where he ran against the taft wing of the party, and taft wing of the party would hang in there for years to come. one might make the case then that that more conservative wing eventually comes around to the barry goldwater side and eventually to the ronald reagan side in a winning effort. >> host: we'll go to hilliard, ohio. caller, tell me your name. >> caller: denal. >> host: okay. you're on the air. >> caller: hi, yes. i hear it said that there is precedent for this scenario, what happened last night with cruz. but i wonder, were the contents the same because, i mean, i can't imagine the backlash that republicans are getting against cruz for saying to vote your conscience, that we all should vote our conscience always? and they're chastising him. so i can't imagine the republicans who are really chastising cruz more saying vote your conscience. so that's all he said. he didn't say don't vote for trump, vote for hillary. so was it the context? i don't think the historical context in 1964 was the same. >> host: okay, caller, understood. let's take that point, because he didn't say anything critical of donald trump as one caller pointed out as well, he just didn't use what a delegate says is the e-word. >> guest: that's right. he didn't make an endorsement. apparently, the trump folks thought he might do that and got so -- tiptoed right up to the line and couldn't cross it, and as everyone said, ted cruz wasin running four years hence. this was ted cruz's announcement for 2020. who can blame him in the sense that if trump should go down toi defeat, why would he want to hitch his wagon to that star? plus, he's a very independent-minded person. he's one of the more disliked people among his colleagues on capitol hill, but this was his moment in the sun to make his case, much like kasich, a principled argument for the things he believes in. >> host: what about this kiss 2006 of not endorsing but not criticizing? >> guest: it is neutral. and we often quote from dante the hottest places in hell are are reserved for those in times of great moral crisis remain neutral. [laughter] so it may work for cruz in the long run. in the short run, it's certainly not helping the party, and it doesn't help donald trump. >> host: diane is next in bloomfield, indiana, home of the running mate, indiana governor mike pence. go ahead. >> caller: hi. my comment i think about ted cruz and what he did or didn't do last night really is aboutcr what the republican party stands for. if we believe what we say we believe in that -- and i am a registered democrat. but i am so disappointed in hillary clinton. and if we believe that she has lied and that she is not trustworthy, how can we possibly make our own agenda which iur think ted cruz did, how can we make that more important than solidifying what the party is trying to do now? it's not about donald trump. it's not about ted cruz. it's about defeating something that could very well be the end of our country as we know it if we are allowing her to get into office. >> host: all right, diana. >> guest: right. it seems to me that there is a point to be made there, and that is rather than focus on the schisms in the republican party, it sounds as though the caller is saying let's look at what we're trying to defeat. then that raises a question do you want to go so negative as a party? do you want to say this is what we're against? we're against hillary clinton, and there are people who believe that very fervently. interestingly enough, the caller said she's a registered democrat. so it'll, it begs the question how many registered democrats are feeling that. that is, that they can't get behind hillary clinton for whatever reason.ee in this case it sounds for the caller a moral one. >> host: all right.er let's hear from diane in arkansas. hi, dye yap.k. >> caller: hi. -- diane. >> caller: hi. i kind of want to talk -- i think, first off, that ted cruz looked like a worm last night. that's the only thing i want to say.ffru i think that tells it all. and i had three screens going yesterday. i had c-span on one, nbc on another, and i could see them all -- [laughter] and i had cnn on the live screen on my computer. and all during the film of ted -- trump's children, they had a film of him, they had it on audience. they didn't show one second of his kids. this is cnn didn't show it. and then after -- i looked at the nbc one, and tom brokaw on that mess, they were ridiculing trump because he didn't stay on the stage with trump -- with pence when he come. he just waved him good-bye. they were saying doesn't he -- he's not a politician. he doesn't know how they do things. well, of course, that's why he's up there, he's not a politician. and they were completely ridiculing him. and that's what trump is up against. but he knows how to do it. trump, just leave him alone. don't make him be a politician. he's smart enough. he's got where he is because he's not a politician. they were laughing and ridiculing trump, this is nbc. and i think they're going to get laughed at. i'm surprised that trump did what he did. but he knew what he was doing. he did all that ridiculing whenw he first started in so all the tvs would want him on there. so he got all that free stuff. he's a smart man. >> host: all right, diane. diane, a republican from arizona. >> guest: right. i think it's amazing, i love the fact that she's watching three networks at the same time including c-span, especially important. but it reminds me of lyndon johnson sitting in the ovalim office, had a console of three it's screens, and -- television screens, and this would have been in the day when there were only three channels, nbc, abc and cbs. he wanted to get the perspective of each of the three major networks. to her point about pence and trump, it was a little bit awkward when pence finished and trump came out and they did that kind of strange air kiss. but i see her point that it was different. and i was watching a network that did say why didn't trumpaw stay out with him and do the typical arm wave in the air and the victory signs? and the caller is quite right to say trump is his own man. he's doing things a different way. he's doing things not as a politician, and that has been his appeal particularly with that populist message. >> host: the caller also brought up donald trump's children. >> guest: yes. >> host: is there a precedent for children speaking at conventions?re and talk about the role that they're playing concern. >> guest: yes. >> host: this week and in the campaign.ta >> guest: it's amazing to me asn someone who follows presidential history and particularly families and first ladies. and that is that it used to be, first of all, presidents didn't come to conventions. it was only franklin roosevelt in the 1930s who started coming to the convention to accept the nomination. it was almost viewed as something that would sully the candidate, to get involved in that dirty politics, that he would stay behind in his hometown usually and then make a formal appearance after the convention to accept the nomination. so having the presidential candidates there is really a fairly new phenomenon in all of american history. then it used to be that presidents, if their parents were still living -- i'm thinking of rose kennedy, for example, in 1960 -- came with her son the night that he was voted in to be the candidate. not the night he gave his talk, but she was there then as well. his wife was very pregnant,wa couldn't come to los angeles. she stayed back on the east coast. so kennedy's mother came to kind of represent the family. then the children started getting involved. so i'm thinking of the bush daughters, the bush twins, jenna and barbara, speaking for their dad at the republican convention. and it's also a fairly new phenomenon for first ladies tos stand and hold the bible for their president husbands as they're sworn into office on inauguration day. so it's amazing to me how families have become such a major part of the process. but i think this is rather unprecedented, to have them all gathered at the convention and speaking. we think of the roosevelt children. fdr had four sons and a daughter.. and because he was somewhat limited by his handicap, his polio victim hood, he would send his wife and his sons and daughter out on the campaign trail. so it's not unprecedented. but i think even in the modern era where more and more families are participating to have then trump children playing such a front and center role every night of the convention is unprecedented. >> host: and they also seem to be part of his inner be circle,, his decision making. >> guest: they are. and i would say that is unprecedented as well. we certainly have had -- even george w. bush was called to washington by his dad, h.w. bush, to come and participate in the presidency. you think of jack kennedy relying on his brother bobby.y. these were very young people, in their 30s and 40s, coming to washington with very little experience. in the case of jack kennedy, he'd been in congress, but bobby had not held public office. he had served on a staff in congress, but jack kennedy's dad, who was behind the scenes, wanted bobby to be in the cabinet and said to jack, you have got to make him attorney general. and it turned out bobby had jack's back especially when the cuban misis sill crisis. -- missile crisis. very unprecedented to have a group of adult children as a kitchen cabinet for the candidate and maybe president. >> host: betty in arkansas, you're next. >> caller: am i on now? >> host: you are on, betty. >> caller: okay. mrs. clinton knows what she's doing because she's been with the president for years. she has spent 30 years behind that desk knowing everything that's going on. if she becomes president, she'll know how to carry on. on he's not going to know nothing about what's going on, and he's going to put the screws to everything. and he's been talking about killing these people, killing those people, watching bloodshed. he's been talking about stuff like that on tv which is dirty. you don't do that. you don't talk that way. and the only reason why he's jumping all over her and rubbing stuff into her and accusing her is so everybody will stay off his back and find out everything he's been doing. and what he's been doing is worse than mrs. clinton even thought of doing. it's worse. >> host: all right, betty, we'll take your question about experience. >> guest: well, president obama in his endorsement of hillary h clinton called her the most qualified person ever to run for president. now, that may be a bit of a stretch, but it certainly is the case that hillary rodham came to washington out of law school and began working on capitol hill and has been in and out ofse washington since that time in the 1970s. not to mention her eight years as first lady at the elbow of the president, even running policy, the health care initiative in the 990s -- 1990s, then going on to be a senator in her own right, the only first lady ever to run for public office and, certainly, to win it. and then to be secretary of state. so it would be hard to find a candidate with more history, more inside history and information and experience than hillary clinton. >> host: donald trump, this is a story from "the new york times," donald trump sets conditions for defending nato allies against attack. historically, for a republican nominee to talk about nato in the way that he has talked about nato. >> guest: certainly in the modern era, it has been the case -- now, there was, as we mentioned before, the eisenhower wing and the robert taft wing of the party, and there was a wing of the republican party at one time that was very isolationists. certainly before the world war. but now it is, it would be unheard of particularly in the reagan aftermath of let us defeat the evil empire for a republican, or for that matter a democrat, to say let's really question whether we should really stick to our nato obligations. but i think that statement, again, is reflective of this populism and a little bit reflective of what happened in england with the brexit vote.d get out of these entangling alliances, was the populist message in great britain severa weeks ago. >> host: we'll go to tom in minneapolis, democrat. hi there. >> caller: hello. i'm calling you from the hotbed of the twin cities. we're the hottest in the country right now, i'm afraid. i think that donald trump may ba the triumph of style over substance. and i'm starting to believe more and more, and this is why i'm calling, to ask for your historical presidential perspective, ms. perry. we may have a close election or a landslide, and we just may end having a land slide for hillary clinton on. this is going to be one where donald trump has supporters that are not going to change for anything. you can do a nuclear bomb under him, it's not going to matter. that's 30 or 40%. but there's about 50 or 60 or 70% of the public that just might not want donald trump anywhere around. and ultimately, donald trump may be defeated tremendously and, therefore, ted cruz and all the more moderate voices in the republican party will come back. what do you think about that the possibility of a hillary clinton landslide? >> guest: i would say in this campaign season anything is possible. there were those i know in my field of political science and presidential history who this time last year were exclaiming wills no way -- there is no way donald trump could win the republican nomination. but here we are. he has won the republican nomination. so i got out of the prediction business a long time ago, but i think caller could be right. it's possible we could see a landslide in favor of hillary clinton particularly if you go to the karl rove piece today if donald trump does not win those key states and get those electoral votes. and to tom's point in minnesotaf style over substance, i think he's absolutely right about that. and we see that particularly starting with john kennedy in 1960.ty the first real television candidate, the first person who really understood and had people around him who understood television and the importance of it. and some people to this day will say that kennedy represented style over substance. you can make an argument therey was a lot of substance there and i think certainly more than perhaps with donald trump. but indeed, if donald trump wins, i think it will be the apotheosis of style over substance.be >> we'll see how november turns out. new york times today online, who will be president? the upshot folks there at "the new york times" predicting hillary clinton has about a 75%l chance of winning the presidency. that's according to polls and state and national polls right now at in this moment. they say a victory by mr. trump remains quite possible though. luis in fredericksburg, virginia, republican. hi. >> caller: hello. i think that the miller school and the wilson school, and i do thank god for c-span. you can watch the various speakers. speai think that these are institutions that are, that have lived past their time. also i want to also say that black americans are not voting for donald trump. well, i don't know who you know living in your ivory tower, but i will guarantee you there are tons of black americans supporting donald trump.to they've been -- >> host: all right, louise, let's get a response to that. >> guest: well, i'll have to say that the miller center at the university of virginia has been in place since the 1970s when it was founded, and i'd like to let the caller know that i think he would probably be a tea partier today. he was a conservative southerner who was so worried about the great society of the 1960s and the riots and the student uprisings that he wanted a nonpartisan institution like the miller center that he wanted to be at, the caller referred to it as an ivory tower. we don't see ourselves that way, of course, and nor did mr. miller.we he wanted us to be able to have history and scholarship inform policy and politics of the current day. in addition to that, we've also done the oral histories of every president starting with jimmy carter, and we are about to finish up the bush 43. so every president, democrat or republican, are talked to and asked questions in a nonpartisan way. and, again, the view is that we would be informing today's politics and policy with history, and we think that's a good way to go, and we're grateful that mr. miller thought that as well. >> host: let's end with this from npr morning. trump will model his speech off nixon '68. they say 2016 is dramatically different. take that. >> guest: we see this with donald trump starting some months ago with the references to the silent majority. that was the richard nixon populist view of come over -- if you're a democrat and you're scared in 1968, come over to the republican side. i hear you, i hear that you're scared. i'm the law and order candidate, and we have already heard donald trump borrow that message as well. and so i suspect that that will be a richard nixon pattern that he will follow tonight and probably throughout the campaign. >> host: barbara perry, thank you for the conversation. >> guest: wonderful to be with you, greta that. enjoyed it very much. >> host: we appreciate it. ♪ ♪ >> c-span's "washington journal," live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. and coming up friday morning, we discuss what compels voters to support the candidates of their choice with emory university's political science professor alan abramowitz who argues that voters tend to vote against the opposing party rather than for the candidate of their own party. be sure to watch "washington journal" live at 7 eastern friday morning. join the discussion. >> facebook's vice president of global policy gives c-span a tour of its pop-up location in cleveland adjacent to the site of the 2016 republican national convention. joel kaplan talks about the role facebook plays in this election and the evolution of the media and technology. >> adjacent to the quicken loans arena and media row is progressive field, but next to progressive field is this new pop-up location for facebook. and joining us is joel kaplan, vice president of global policy for facebook. what's going on here? >> well, first of all, welcome to facebook central, the rnc in cleveland. what we're doing is we've found over the last number of elections that facebook has really become the i new town hall. so people are coming to facebook to have conversations with voters, candidates to have conversations with voters, for voters to raise their questions to candidates and have conversations amongst themselves. so what we've built here is a place where we can help facilitate that dialogue and give people a chance to share what's most important and what's happening here in cleveland with the people they're connected to on facebook. >> this is a sidewalk that is now a pop-up building. let's look at the second floor. you have a small studio. what's going on up there? >> so we built a facebook live studio up there. one of the things that's new in this election is the ability to come onto facebook and broadcast live to their fans in realtime. and it's turned out to be incredibly popular. it's a very authentic way for candidates, for members of the media to talk to the people who follow them. and so we've built a studio here where they can easily do it, and people just love it. it's realtime, it's authentic, and it gives people sort of backstage access to the convention who night not otherwise be here. >> it really is america's 21st century town hall? >> yeah, it really is. and it turns out people love to see it, people love to broadcast this way. if you're a senior at home who's not able to come to clearland, now you can be -- cleveland, now you can be here live. if you're a millennial who spends a lot of your time online, this is a chance to take part in the discussion. >> so show us around. let's first walk over here, this huge monitor. what's going on? >> yeah. so this is our data touch screen for, it allows us to show in realtime what's happening, what kind of discussion is taking place on facebook about candidates, about issues. so, for instance, right here we've got our two major party candidates, and if we touch on donald trump here, you can see over the last 30 days who's talking about donald trump. this shows here by day what the conversation looks like, the number of interactions he's had on facebook about him. you can see we've had almost 28 million different people in the u.s. talking about donald trump on facebook over last 30 days with over 232 million sewer -- interactions, likes, comments, shares. so a really high volume taking place on facebook. you can see different issues. you can see the different issues. these are the top five most talked about issues over last 30 days on facebook, and you can see a lot of the things that are happening in the news are driving the conversation on facebook as you would expect. so we can keep going on this. this is pretty interesting. this shows you over time, you can see with this heat map, you can see -- here we go. over time which of the issues have been the most talked about on facebook, and you'll note certain things that happened in the news that correspond with something that's really blowing up on facebook in terms of conversation. it's an interesting way to visually capture what the conversation is as that town hall is taking place all over the country. >> and i'm wondering how new all of this is. where were you four years ago, and where is this all going? >> yeah. well, i think the thing that's really new and innovative during this election cycle is the use of live and the ability of candidates to talk directly in realtime to their fans on facebook. four years ago we had a very limited video product on facebook. it was mostly at that time photoses, pictures people were taking and their text comments. and now we have not only do we have a very advanced video product, but we've got live. and that has changed the way the conversation is taking place on facebook, and i think it's changing the way the conversation is taking place around the country and, for that matter, around the world. >> let's take a walk down here, because you have a small replica of the oval office. what was the reason behind all of this? >> yeah. this is just a fun thing that instagram built. people can come in here and pose at their own, our own version of the oval office in miniature. and post on facebook or instagram. we have had tens of visitors