Have learned that to raise a happy, healthy and hopeful child, it takes a family. It takes teachers and clergy. It takes Business People and Community Leaders and those who protect our health and safety. It takes all of us. [applause] it takes a village. When Hillary Clinton uses the term it takes a village, who do you think she means . She means, she starts with the family. To raise a child you need a family but she quickly moves on and talks about a network of people and institutions of value. Teachers, neighbors, businesses, employers, even the course politicians as you see here in the clip, she is saying to raise a child you need a village and you need a president and you need bill clinton. I am hearing a strong message of what she is trying to put out this is her strong this message, shes had had quite a few of them but this is where she is trying to send her message and say we are all in this together. It was interesting to see what she had to say back then. Has it . It has had its inconsistencies along the way. Its consistent on one level but its a little bit archaic and very much the 90s in another sense. What does Hillary Clinton mean when she says it takes a village. She saying im not as crazy as you think i am purchased coming in the 90s and people are looking at her as the one, theyre not sure of bill clintons interest. Hes a democrat but hes trying to update things and i dont know where hillary fits in paired this is after the failure of the Health Care Reform in 1996 and her failure attempt to be one of the Vice President. She is saying im one of you and yes i have liberal views and cultural sensitivity. She gives us beach about three pillars. She talks about capitalism and the free market, she talks about government and she talks about family and home. Capitalism was. [inaudible] at the time. Three weeks after it was published is when bill clinton gave the famous the era of Big Government is over speech. It was a big moment to declare, as she did in this book, im am moderate. She did have to reintroduce herself because she is in the thick of this healthcare fight and people had strong opinions of her. She was traumatized. She had been severed ducted over the healthcare tobacco and she wanted to say that she could really be a first lady. Whats amazing is you see a cliche being born. 198393 and 94, it takes a village, this was hillarys branding and its her gift to the American People in her attempt to say that im important but also we can have this conversation together. She comes back to it takes a village when she launched her 08 campaign and her 2016 campaign. She came back to it this year after her brooklyn speech and people can almost finish the sentence for her now. Lets take a look at at her june 2015 president ial announcement. They dont have what it takes to build and inclusive economy. It takes an inclusive society. [applause] what i once called a village that has a place for everyone my values and lifetime of experiences have given me a different vision of america. I believe success isnt measured by how much the wealthiest americans have, but how many children climb out of poverty. A recent review of it takes a village, you wrote it takes a village often becomes code for it takes washington. Yes. She spends a lot of time talking about the experiences and successes of a small nonprofit groups, of local initiatives, but she very much comes back to, so you need the family medical leave act, the crime bill, the vaccination initiatives. Shes trying to thread the needle because shes not going to give up were ceased to praise the successes, as as she sees them, but the Clinton Administration has had or was pushing at the time. She tries to localize them when possible. You see a lot of praise for what they call Big Government big washington initiatives including some that have come back to bite her in this campaign. I think what she is doing is inviting academia, the private sector in, this is something the clintons do all the time. We see it in everything they have done throughout history. This is something that they do with the foundation. They believe in bringing everyone together. They dont think, they think everybody can come together and form the solutions for this is an interesting idea of a continuation of what they believe in. Theyre saying families are good, divorce is bad. Prolonged time, that was conservative talk. We are people who value family. One of the things you also see in this clip is the difficulty of being hillary. She is trying to assert herself and find her identity and in many ways, people are staying who are you. On one hand shes the most famous woman in the world. She is hillary. She doesnt even need a last name, but on the other hand she is constantly adjusting and changing and people dont trust that. Its a strange thing because when bill clinton reinvents himself, its like okay, you do it all time. The time. When Hillary Clinton does, its a problem. Then it becomes the likability question which ive written about countless times during this election cycle, why isnt she likable. She kind of hit on that last week in a speech where she said people dont trust her, she acknowledges acknowledges this and shes aiming to gain that trust back but i think its one of the biggest questions that looms over her candidacy. Why cant she quite get there. Why isnt she likable enough. That is something she constantly has to sort of work toward. Likability and trustworthiness. I think if you did a soul scan, you would find a pure pure soul than Hillary Clinton. I think she has a harder time. I think that makes it very difficult for her to be a politician. As a result shes always conveying this discomfort with being there. Her honesty makes her seem less trustworthy. I think donald trump, this is a woman who strongly believes in wesleyan principles and that she is a Public Servant and she is in this to do good and that something that when donald trump questions her faith, you dont have to look too far to see where the origins of that are. She makes a big deal in her book and subsequent memoirs, especially in in living history, she talks a lot about the influence at her church had on her, particularly when she was young. There is a sense and a constant attempt of redefinition. In the 92 campaign there is that famous incident where people, she was the first first lady who had a graduate degree, the yelp law degree and shes talking about being a professional. She said i couldve stayed home and made cookies and had tea parties, but i chose to exercise my professional capabilities long before my husband was in public life. She made this big statement. It takes a village, she sort of apologizes for it. Not entirely, but she says, she calls it the teacup in attempt us and she said yes, ive made my share of cookies and ive served hundreds of cups of tea, but i should be judged by my cookie making ortiz irving abilities. She says what she didnt realize, at the time when she made those statement was that people would interpret them as judgments on their own life choices. Throughout that, you see this effort at reinvention which sometimes comes across a little defensive. She has a fear of making trouble. First do no harm. She comes in and you can even see some of her signature stories are sanitized in that book. She loves to tell the story about being a kid in the neighborhood with some bullies and she came running into her mama and mama clinton said get out, im not letting you back in until you deal with this. She said i dealt with it. The story she tells is i went. In the book she wants to be calm are more cautious and as a result i think there is a certain tragedy in that book about who she really is as oue shdidntant to offend iraq the vote. If someone he picked up the 1996 it takes a village, with a recognize and know Hillary Clinton . Parts of it. I think a lot of it is very mucd the pillars are there, but parts of it are a little bit murkier. I think a lot of that is just society has changed in some of what she is saying applies to the 1990s in a very big way, but there are things, obviously she mentions her faith a lot. She mentions family and little glimpses where she talks about divorce and how she had to bite her lip a little bit to sort of keep their marriage together. That might strike people, reading it today as if youre in an uncomfortable situation, why not leave it and theres all these other things that seem very 20 years ago, and maybe she would have a different take now on that sort of societal pressure. And she judges people who get divorced in this very direct way, she says, sometimes it just means going and so she holds up the relationship that she and bill have, this is of course before the big scandals of the late 1990s as saying we found ways to Work Together and the fact that we had chelsea deepened that commitment. There is intense cultural critique of what america has become. She has a strong sense of nostalgia from the 50s, the father knows best world that she grew up in and shes looking at america and she tries this in 1993, she had given a series of speeches and now she tries to make it a little bit calmer and masticated but theres a sense that there is something going on in the country thats wrong and she even quotes chipper gore and the backlash against hollywood and the backlash against the music videos and the Recording Industry and shes fighting crime and shes for welfare reform and i think we have to be sensitive to that and be sympathetic to her because you have to look at whats going on in the 1990s. The 1990s, bill clinton says americans are filling like theyre living in a fun house and they are on unnerved by it. Crime is off the charts. Welfare is a problem, not just for whites by africanamericans. Two thirds of africanamericans support the welfare bill and the crime bill. There is something wrong in this country and weve got to fix it. The Reagan Administration didnt do enough. We have to take democratic ideas and values and synthesize them with some conservative values and culture and fix this world. It is not surprising that Hillary Clinton wrote in 1996 that there is a yearning for the good old days as refugees from the problem of the present, but by turning away, we blind ourselves to the continuing of all presence of the village in our lives and its critical importance for how we live together. She talks about the nostalgia merchants. Theyre saying look, were were not going to go back to this world are at first of all, it wasnt that. Second of all, the world has changed. At the same time, she criticizes the kids today, for not recognizing the sacrifices and the advancements of their elders, i. E. Hillary clinton and her generation that entered the workforce, that transformed the role of women and she feels a little hurt it seems in the book that people dont remember that. They take those answers for granted so she dings the nostalgia merchants, but at the same time, she wishes there were a little bit more nostalgic about what she accomplished. I was particularly struck by, she talks about this idea of a nuclear family, and then you pause that for a minute and you look at her announcement video last year and its this very progressive look at a single mom who has to do her best and a gay couple and, if you would have talked to Hillary Clinton about what she wrote back then, about a nuclear family, i think as a single mom, weve moved a lot. There are a families and Single Parents and that doesnt mean your kid is going to be any less successful. I would like to know, looking back if she has any ideas and if she has evolved in the way politicians view it back then. In reality, our pack past was not so pictureperfect. Africanamerican children who grew up in an society or immigrants who struggled to survive and work that was underpaid. Ask those who grew up in the pictureperfect houses about the secrets and desperation they sometimes feel. She is trying to say, we missed that. , but we also have to acknowledge the citizens. One of the things thats always next to her is the picture of her from the 1970s with the big heavy glasses. Shes a brunette, shes not a blonde. She hasnt gone gone from being Hillary Rodham clinton and shes trying to say im not that hippie. Im not that radical but at the same time, we did some good stuff. Its a very, located message, a very subtle message and its actually something i respect. Too often its right left and in this book shes trying to be a little more subtle. I think one of the challenges she is having right now, in 2008, she thought she could reach out to white males because she was running against the black male. Thats not nice to say, but right now i think shes trying to say, okay, when she went super tuesday, she give the speech and a speech and she talks about reaching out to single women and she talks about reaching out. How is she also reaching out to the donald trump voters. I think that will be a challenge to her in the general election because if the election is in place, she has to win in pennsylvania and all those places for the white male voters to and thats always been her weak spot. It was problematic when she was first lady and only through the clinton drama through the monaco lewinsky scandal was she able to reach out to them by being the injured wife. Then she was able to reach out to them because she was the white, but what happens now, how does she articulate that. I think theres some secrets in this book that could help her define that cultural conservatism that trump is playing too. What is one of those secrets . One of those secrets is families count. One of those secrets is there was some good times back then. This whole question, donald trump gets up and says im going to make america and everybody says great again. Hillary clinton says, their silence. Then shes trying to play with, were still great. That doesnt work. I think what she wants to do is she wants to find some of the power from the past, show that she also appreciates that but also the synthesis of the goodness of the president because donald trump is all about rejecting today and she says no its good. And the challenge is to sing a new song that says this is going to resonate, a little from the past and a little for the present to create a new future. If you were donald trump would you read it takes a village . I would. I dont think he will, but gives you a sense of where she was and how far she has come and maybe some inconsistencies in between. I think it gives you a pretty good portrayal of who she was back then and a pillar of who she is. If the art of the deal is Donald Trumps foundational document, it, it takes a village is absolutely Hillary Clintons, except, unlike art of the deal, it takes a village, you see tension, we see grappling. We see her groping for this synthesis of herself. In art of the deal, trump is trump. Hes just sort of a trump your version of himself. In this book, hillary is wrestling. In this campaign, she has this famous moment when she is asked, are you a progressive. The answer is yes im progressive but im a progressive who likes to get things done. What does that suggest . That suggests an mix of ideology and. [inaudible] she talks about the famous community organizer. She learned from him but she said im not to go down your path im going to go to law school because i want to get things done. Hill read it for how can done a lot how can anyone pull lessons from this which can help us go forward because i think our major challenge in america right now is that were really good at knocking each other down. Were good at denigrating and gotcha, but what do we want . What are we searching for . Make America Great again is not enough. Not having an answer is not enough. We need to know who we are. I think one of the biggest lessons you can pull about her, she talks about the shovel and what it means and when we were writing our book, i originally wanted wanted to call it the phoenix because she has had these rises and falls and dips and falls and here she is again, she loses loses in 2008, how to shoemaker come back. This sort of gives you a window into her thinking, her father always said how are you going to dig yourself out of this one hillary. She uses that point blank. This speaks to who she is. She wants to make her way back up and she wants to portray herself as this tough fighter and so in that sense, i feel like this is a rare rare insight into who she is. She goes on to say that she gets this image of needing a shovel and using a shovel to dig herself out and sometimes she has to use a backhoe. Right. And shes not one who will pull herself up in her bathroom and cry. Shes very much a woman who says okay, thats over, looking on, how are we going to move onto the next thing and how are we going to, she doesnt wallow. Shes very much looking to the future and so when people around her wallow, she tries to pick them up. You have both written books about Hillary Clinton and youre working on your second. What is that process like . Thats a very complicated question. I think its hard to actually find Hillary Clinton at times. We spent a year on her first book talking to her closest advisers and by the end, i had a bit of a glimpse that we had cracked some part of who she was but youre always trying to dig a little deeper and find out who she is and her friends say that she keeps it very tightly held on purpose because she is who she is, shes been been in the spotlight for so long and this is sort of her way of keeping herself almost intact and not revealing that. Shes almost afraid to show that side of her. Everybody has a story about how she so funny and warm behindthescenes and her aides talk about how if an uncle was dying, she was the first to call that uncle or the first to grieve with the aid, but you seldom see that side of her publicly. You see it behindthescenes more. She is so afraid to show that Hillary Clinton on the public stage. As a historian, im trying to understand, the question im always asked his did you interview her. I mike i dont need to interview her because i want to see where does she fit into the story of the Clinton Administration. Where does she fit int