Good evening. Good evening. My name is christian, and executive director of the Shakespeare Theatre company. Thank you for joining us thank you. [applause] thank you so much for joining us or to nights bar dissociation shakespeare discussion. To nights discussion is shakespeare and the rules of war from athens to aleppo. Now, this point point i just want to remind everyone to please silence all of your Electronic Devices and to let you know that video and photography of this discussion is prohibited. But at this point it is my honor to introduce to nights moderator, stephen ryan. Steve is a member of our board of trustees as well as the Bard Association and is chaired our will unveil annual hundreds of many years. He is the head of Government StrategyPractice Group at mcdermott will and emery, and previously served as the general counsel to the u. S. Senate committee on Governmental Affairs alongside the honorable in addition, he has served as deputy counsel of the president s commission on organized crime, directing investigations against criminals during the reagan administration. As part of his deep commitment to pro bono work, steve has represented operation hope, a Financial Literacy group for the past decade. So it is my honor, welcome stephen ryan. [applause] thank you very much. Its really a pleasure and honor tonight to bring this group of speakers to you. Youre going to have a great evening tonight. Its part of our classical theater that we try and unite Current Events like 90 t 90 it t the rules of war with the ideas that shakespeare expressed in his plays, so thank you give everybody for being part of our group. So tonight the first panelist that i like to introduce is my favorite author, bernard cornwell. [applause] so what do you say about a a guy who is written 60 books, has sold 30 million copies, and use your favorite author . Well, you tell people that if you have read about Richard Sharpe and the napoleonic wars and if you havent seen it played by sean bean, you havent begun to live yet. Bernard began in the tv business at the bbc, and his books have been turned into some of the most notable productions. He was originally denied a green card entry to the United States. [laughing] but since then he has spent a a good deal of time with us and has become one of the most successful and loved authors. His stories are really primary about english history, and his current series, the last king, is just a delight. In our common we fight over the book when it comes in, who gets to read it first. You will hopefully have seen that on the bbc television. Importantly, to our work at the theater, hes continued to write and is going to write a book about the first productions of shakespeares midsummer nights dream. Im sure we will work it into. Ne that notwithstanding tht its not about war. So bernard, thank you for being here. [applause] so our next guest is dr. Ray takeyh who really we should call general because he is agenda for decades before it became a phd. Dale, thank you. [applause] so he is a spook. [laughing] he was the president s first Senate Confirmed associate director of National Intelligence for the intelligence communities chief Information Officer and information sharing executive for the director of National Intelligence. Thats actually what his title packet dni. And he had to leave his uniform behind to become part of the white house staff. Hes also international respect as an expert on leadership, strategy, cybersecurity, telemedicine, intelligence and military matters. While on active duty on 9 11, general meyerrose was in the command of the airspace over north america. So hes the first of two actual warriors were going to put on here in a minute. He also served as chief Information Officer for three major u. S. Air force commands, three unified u. S. Military commands. At one point he controlled all the satellites in orbit all over the United States, some of which we cant talk about. He became the first chief Information Officer for the northern command. You sort of get the pattern of this. So in desert storm and the other wars with the United States has fought, he said Actual Experience with the decisions about who to target, what the package looks like, how to justify it and how to think about it. And so we are really uniquely to have general Dale Meyerrose here with us tonight. [applause] did i mention he has a phd from Syracuse University . So now all the artistic side of this group we have a real pleasure to introduce to you one of the hottest young directors in america, liesl tommy. [applause] now, one of the great things about this theater under Michael Copps is because joe pack gave michael kahn the gate of running a classical play in europe at a very young age, he does the same thing of taking out the hottest young directors and bringing them to work on classical plays. So liesl will be directing macbeth which opens here on may 1. I asked for permission to not [inaudible] she said no, you dont really count as a theater person so you can say at. [laughing] liesl was born and raised in south africa during the apartheid era, and i think that experience obviously something shes going to reflect on today. Her family moved to massachusetts when she was 15. She received her degree from a small unknown college, brown university, at the trinity repertoire company. She is directed theater all over the United States and she is known not just for classic plays but for breaking out the personal experience and stories of people to life. She believes theater should be meaningful. Dont we all . And be able to change an audience. And so one of her latest productions, eclipse, written by tells the story of five liberian women who try to survive towards the end of the second liberian war. This production actually became the first ever allfemale cast play, written and directed, by female to premiere on broadway. So im going to pause for applause on that note. [applause] last summer, ms. Tommy made history as the first woman of color to have a tony award nomination for best director for her production of eclipse. She is now in rehearsal for the play, and her conception of shakespeares macbeth, well talk levit about that tonight, youve got to come see it. So anyway, thank you very much for taking [applause] and you know, this is a starstudded panel, but here comes the big stud. [laughing] and that, the honorable ryan zinke of the secretary of the interior. [applause] so heres Teddy Roosevelt successor as the owner of public lands. This man controls onefifth of the landmass of the United States, and he has properties that hes the control of in 12 time zones. He used to serve as a member of the house of representatives, and immediately became a star in will on the hill which is our production where members of congress act on stage. We still have the pictures of that. [laughing] now, he went to a very famous literary school, buds, basic underwater demolition, and became a seal. As you there are many books coming out of that, that world, and he has a terrific book that in going to recommend to you in a moment. He was a navy seal for over 20 years. He deployed and carried out the nations [applause] of our country, and he directed the training of the seals and he trained the major killed Osama Bin Laden and carried out all of the things that were necessary to protect us. So ryan zinke not only is a war but trained the warriors who still protect us today. At football [applause] thank you. At football he was the center for the oregon ducks before the ducks [applause] we were that close. [laughing] i have to Say Something that is totally improper. Many women thought he had the best but in the pac 12. [laughing] i wasnt that close. [laughing] so with that, you have a warrior who is not a member of the cabinet of United States must take the time to be with us tonight to talk about this and it want to say that i want all of you to buy all 60 of his books, every single one. And i want [inaudible] i also want you to buy ryan zinke book called commander serving the country worth fighting for an entering the grt soldiers who lead the way. Its a terrific book actually. Shakespeare in the rules of laura this time bringing forward and i know its going to be entertaining and you are going to love it. Thank you, stephen. I dont have a great deal of things to say about the rules of war. [inaudible] [laughter] for one thing he does actually mention, he doesnt call it the rules of law, he calls it the law of us. Hes talking about something that happened on the battlefield. So what was it . What was it shakespeare . If you look at the context, it always just happen, and incredibly brutal. When it happened in two ways. The prisoners were kept for ransom. They were buying the english mind. The third line was about to advance. [inaudible] by attacking his men from the back. He thinks that is a good thing. Right down to the back, the english camp [inaudible] he killed the boy and that is against the law of power. I think something thats going to keep coming up this evening is how do you impose law on warfare . We educate our children and then we train them to be killed. This is at the heart of civilization. Im sure, others, too. She likes to draw a distinction. Homicide is illegal. It is murder. Killing someone who is futile with someone who isnt a christian. Thats all the way through the law of the lord. What shakespeare is singing as hes got to come back. The other panelists only has one layer. [laughter] i enforce it. [laughter] but its still pretty remarkable. You have more degrees than anyone ive ever met, but not one law degree. [laughter] but the loss of lawyer is drawn up in the United States. 1862, 63. He emigrated to america, columbia, south carolina. A 21yearold boy, a freshman in the head what they wanted and she had three decorations for bravery. Everyone in the army knew she was a woman and she was terrific. This is very much the ancestor of today. Basically noncombatant. You mustnt use poison. I promise you im going to shut up. Im not condoning the story, but it has relevance to shakes. A British Royal marine found guilty of murder and not conviction and i think hes being released from jail. I dont know the details on that, but im so proud to tell you his last words were hamate, its time you shuttled off. [laughter] hello. So, for all kinds of reasons, this is probably the my seventh production that dealt with for. Possibly because of the way i grew up, possibly because they came during the struggle in africa is something i spent a lot of time in my childhood thinking about. I directed a play called ruin in the congo and once government soldiers and two different kinds of rebel soldiers all in one space and then eclipsed was only five women, and that the skill with which it was written coming he really got a sense of the larger civil war all around you. Ive also done a play in europe, which is about the experience that they had. It just seems to be something i keep coming back to. My job as an artist and as a director is to get into the mind of the writer, the playwright and try to understand what he or she is trying to talk about. And then can i think about who my audience is in and about how can i get this story into their lives so that theyre not coming back and letting it wash over them. It has to be immediate for me. I dont see any purpose in safe. I thought about the fact i was doing it in washington d. C. Ive never seen in grieving for ones country and that is something i can relate to. There are books written about my country. They got the same feel that what happened to their country, having it dictator to higher power. The question of what has to happen to leaders, to citizens to make them take up arms in their own country incite civil war. That to me is the center of display. Every theme, every theme of violence as a father losing a son or a mother losing a daughter or child. The message this sends to me from shakespeare is hes trying to show the personal cost of the war. Now we come from a country that loves to quiver as violence, and the lengths to glamorize war. I took it very personally. So there are strands of this production that are really about the inside of the civil war and what the personal cost of war is and what your country is. [applause] in washington by the way can you not allowed to have a member of the cabinet, a humble man said he would go. Mr. Secretary. Its an honor to be with you. I was never the best jumper, diver, but i know who was. And i was also a commander of special forces in iraq. My experience is a little different. I didnt glamorize war. I think the decision to go to war is a solid one. I dont want my kid ever to go to war unless he can win. The rules of engagement, but we owe it to our kids in the interest of our country. Make a decision if we are going to go to war. In a direct training to write rules of engagement will it add one more in this recent conflict. Weve battled our nations history by almost twice. But the rules of engagement today are much different. Its eliminates threats. But what is threat in asymmetrical warfare . Is a person with a gun . A person with a cell phone in the corner . A person supplying the intelligence. Its a difficult process to sort and elect an example in this room and the iraqi location and how do you highly. They the reason on they cant depend on the normal to him is not here appeared normal to have us over there because he has spent more time over there than he has here. So i dont go to the Grocery Store with him because hes aggressive behind the wheel, but when these troops are coming back and you are fighting so much for so long, they forget about normalcy. They become hard. And that is what we fight over there. So im glad to be with you. I can tell you this. In my experience, you should never, ever engaged in warfare unless you are what the troops to win. Your sons and daughters are there. Unfortunately, we face an enemy that is determined, that plays by no rules of humanity. This is what we face. It is ugly. So with that. [applause] and now, if you probably wanted to see and could you reflect as air commander your counterpart in someone who talks to us about the air commander said a professional soldier like utahs. Well, just think of me as save the best for last. I am indeed pleased to be here. But the secretary talked about had a lot to do with one uri july. The rules of engagement expand to everybody as well by somebody who is detached and i will give you and when i conclude my remarks come my remarks, ill give you a real instance about how rules of engagement in fact change how we fight even today. Even though it was 21 years ago. The element of the rules of engagement are not that old. In fact, they are an outgrowth of korean war because the joint chiefs of staff figured out that weve got a new framework for the conduct of operations, combat operations. The idea of war, world war ii is gone. The idea of limited for, all kinds of other things in the shadow of the cold war. And so, i think it is important to realize the basis of the rules of engagement. Theyve got a military purpose, political purpose and a legal purpose. They also have to extend all the way to the people that i represent down to all levels, ranks Number Services to the people the secretary represent, folks on the ground. And so, rules of engagement come you may or may not find that hard to believe, but a large part of them are classified because a lot of them are related to tactics is and what weapons you can use, what target weapons can be associated with, to include what we can fire on three space because remember the purpose of rules of engagement. The political purpose, military purpose and a legal purpose. Every rule of engagement has to extend todays. Another thing thats a little bit different that has evolved since 1986 if they were rules of engagement that exist all the time and military people engaged in combat or not. You know, oftentimes we think the rules of engagement for people in theater in southwest asia, involved in this operation in that operation. Every military person or service has a set of rules of engagement , which i think you might find interesting. You can use deadly force. You can use deadly force [inaudible] you can use deadly force to bert texas civilians, noncombatants and also designate properties such as red cross churches, hospitals does permeate all the rules of engagement that the United States military fights with. The thing to remember is not all countries go by the same rules of engagement. Not all countries necessarily see the International Rules apply right away. Most International Rules of boston from creation to United Nations in 1949. When you hear phrases like armed combat, the United Nations things. During the q a, if somebody without looking on your google can tell me the last time the United States declared war, i will buy you a drink afterwards. The rules of engagement are very, very important in the end up becoming the bible that every military person hasnt combat. One of my early times in rules of engagement and to see how complicated it can get in the political military. And so, this has to do with the balkans. Late in 1996 and we are looking to introduce for the first time in largescale combat drones. I think everyone knows what a drone is it the nickname in the United States air force is about to retire a plus predator in about a month or so to be replaced with a new drone. A remotely piloted vehicle, just so you know. [laugh