Russianjapanese war, the first great war of the 20th century. Roosevelt invited envoys on both sides and he took them to portsmouth, actually in maine budgets across from the Portsmouth Naval facility, pretty secluded, and there they hammered out a peace treaty. George mitchell in Northern Ireland is an example. The soviets, but really in the whole history of the world theres just a whole lot of examples where two warring parties are brought together and compelled to make peace. My favorite example is in the 15th century when Pope Alexander the vi or solenoid that decided to resolve the dispute between the spanish and portuguese, so he divided the world between the two of them. The spanish were going to get the new world, and there was a line on the globe so north and south america, spain, and africa were all going to portugal. But the pope didnt know that brazil stuck at a little over the line. Thats why they speak portuguese today because they didnt, it became a portuguese province. Thats whats so fascinating to me that this is such an unusual moment in history. And its i think a terrible commentary that, for instance, right now our president is asking us to go back to work, back to the middle east. And it may well be that there is a militant need for us to be there, but at the same time this is the region that is crying out for reconciliation. Maybe we have a role in that as well. That could be what is more important in my opinion we will always have, as long as islam is in the civil war between the sunnis and shiites, we are always going to have these isis, hezbollah, alnusra, all of these creations or proxy armies. And until we can its not that im up to us, but if we want to put our energies into resolving disputes in the middle east, they wont be done militarily. Somewhere along the line peace is going to have to make an appearance. And some of these stories will have to make powerful sacrifices in order to to accommodate back. I think we got an idea of just how fascinating this story is. The thing i like about it is history is, often people, especially young people just say, the history is dull. But this is is this streets history in terms of people who get mad, who get hurt, who have feelings. And it gives you a real sense of how this all came together. As andy young says in our introductory film here, ever since this, no egyptian has killed any israeli and no israeli has killed any egyptian, and thats quite an accomplishment. Larry right Lawrence Wright has put all together in this book and youll be signed this right outside. Lets give him a round of applause. [applause] thank you all. I really enjoyed having a chance to talk to you. Please join us in the lobby where he will be signing books. Thank you all very much. [inaudible conversations] interested in American History . Watch American History television on cspan3 every weekend, 48 hours of people and events that helped document the american story. Visit cspan. Org history for more information. Booktv bookstores and libraries throughout the country about the nonfiction books the most anticipating being published this fall. Heres a look at the titles chosen by vromans bookstore in pasadena, california. Thats a look at some of the nonfiction titles vromans bookstores most anticipating being published this fall. Visit the store in pasadena, california, or online. Spent booktv is on twitter and facebook and we want to hear from you. Tweet us, twitter. Com booktv, or post a comment on our facebook page, facebook. Com booktv. Spent booktv covers hundreds of other programs throughout the country all year long. Heres a look at some of the events we will be attending this week. Look for these programs to air in the near future on booktv on cspan2. Next, journalist Richard Whittle talks about the rise of the predator drone, once considered too fragile to use a battle. The drone became a weapon of terror after its used that the cia and air force after 9 11. This was not at the Army Navy Club in washington d. C. It is just under an hour. The technology will talk about today has impact it the political environment in a sensitive way. Who knows what further opportunities this technological at the invisible produce. There may well be applications for civilian use of the transportation. That is why we are interested to learn more about Richard Whittles research. Equally important however is the fact that richard and i have spent close personal friends for a little more than 30 years. We have worked together on a number of projects over the many years and i am delighted and its a real privilege indeed were made that i can welcome our author, Richard Whittle and you interested in his work rodda, his most recent book on the development of drones. Richard whittle is a global fellow at the Wilson Center in a Research Associate at the national air and space museum where he finished writing this book as a fellow during the Academic Year 1314. Those of you know richard has written about the military for more than 30 years, including 22 as a pentagon correspondent for the dallas morning news. This book which came out just two weeks ago or so has accumulated quite some accolade from very different and very authoritative writers and media outlets. Amazon selected the book as one of the best history books recently a stark review reserved for books of exceptional merit. The wall street journal called the book tree into fascinating. The Washington Post said that richards reporting and predator is the particle. No small feat given the silence that the air force come the cia, Obama Administration and general atomics have welded for the drone operations. Even the trivial parts. The post review added that whittles best material appears in the final chapters when he delivers actionpacked details about how the cia and the pentagon used armed predators to hunt for Al Qaeda Leaders for the 9 11 based on interviews of the numerous participants. Ladies and gentlemen, we are in for a special treat. Richard, welcome. The floor is yours. [applause] thank you, wolfgang, for that very nice introduction. We need to point out besides the fact its coincidence that dhl started this operation in my book is about predator that your personal copy is not orange. [laughter] anyway, i am very grateful to you for your hospitality today and for your friendship. Thank you all for coming here about my new book, predator the secret origins of the drone revolution. It is an honor to speak to such a distinguished audience as this, especially when we have two former air force leaders at this today. Former secretary which peters and retired Lieutenant General jack rise to us to judge advocate general of the air force. I am honored that you are here today. I am also honored that retired general jack daly is here for an addition to being former assistant, not at the marine corps and former deputy administrator of nasa, general daley has director of the national air and space museum where ive been enjoying his hospitality so to speak since the fall of 2013. First is a Research Fellow at now is a Research Associate. Thank you for being here, general. I appreciate it. Let me add that neither the air and space museum nor general daley bear any responsibility whatsoever for anything in my book or anything i will say today. They are innocent. [laughter] it is also one honor to talk about drones at an event hosted by dhl, which wolfgang has explained his doing what others have been talking about. I hope that in addition to delivering medicine to navy sunday they can start delivering books. [laughter] my book tells what i thought was going to be the story of an extraordinary airplane to turn out to be a story of invention, a story of war, a story about the air force and a story about the cia cannot believe the story about how new age aviation came. Five years ago i set out to write a book about the new age in aviation in a worse economy take a comprehensive look at Unmanned Aerial Systems as many experts like to call. But then, i read an article in air and space magazine describing 10 aircraft change the world. One of the 10 then the only uav was the predator and macro focus for me. The predator was the uav that changed the world. And having thought about what that meant, it seemed more and more to the evidence that it not only change the world of warfare, but open the door to todays unmanned civilian aviation revolution. And i was a story i immediately knew, the story of the predator and the drone revolution. As i found out in five years writing this book took me, the story that changed the world is the aircraft itself. Many of those who created this revolutionary technology were just as unorthodox as the predator. Take the predators adventure. Abraham carol, a former israeli Aeronautical Engineer many people regard in baghdad in 1937, but grew up in the socialist idealism that characterized his run in 1940s and 1950s. By his early 30s, care must direct your a preliminary design and special projects at israel aircraft industries, the countrys most important aerospace manufacturer. But aides were frustrated by the corporate climate and cynicism he saw in the early 1970 and after working on a drone decoy to full air of air defenses in 1973, he was inspired to strike out on his own and develop uavs. Karem integrated the United States, the land of opportunity and like all Great American adventures he went to work in his garage. [laughter] pesos in los angeles. As a young man in israel, it had been a free flight model and the source principles stuck with them. In free flight competition supposed to make a model airplane that can be launched by hand or towed into the air on a rope like a kite and then sort as long as possible within a time limit without any remoter automated controls to keep it in the air. Abe karem while the tricks to making a plane that can soar well and in his los angeles garage, he built the Uav Technology demonstrator that was truly innovative. Karem caught at the albatross, naming it after one of natures greatest going earths. The albatross offered a nominal 48 hours without refueling, which was far longer than any military uav ever thrown up that kind. The demonstrator, karem got a contract from the Research Agency darpa to develop a larger uav for the Armed Services. Darpa named that little drone. In 1989 a senior official wrote in a Magazine Article providing an order of magnitude increase in a lifetime recorded by previous uavs have let the joint chiefs of staff to establish a new endurance category and an Unmanned Aircraft master plan ordered by congress. Yet largely for personal and bureaucratic reasons in a detail in the book, karem was unable to sell its trust of the Defense Department and the company he created to build them what a great 1990. Thanks to some other unorthodox thinkers, abe karems ideas come his revolutionary ideas didnt die when his company did. Those ideas were rescued in karem ms top engineers were hired by a pair of others who had a genius for business to match karems genius for aeronautics. Their names are neil and london blue here they are the private owners of the san diego area company that built the predator, general comments. Come on now in the late 70s they are still very active and fascinated in their own right. In 1957 when the blue brothers were in their early 20s and still students they made a cover of life magazine by flying a paper tripe is there from what america during summer vacation. They decided to make the trip by the way before they ever took their first flying lesson. That is because they werent just say. The blue brothers were born and bred entrepreneurs and they hope to find Business Opportunities they might pursue after college. As a result of the trip, after they graduated from yale, neil and linda blew established a banana plantation on the east coast of nicaragua and partnership. So the loop ensure all my lasted a couple years, but it was the first of the many by the 1980s had made, and wealth. They began as a Nuclear Energy company and its silly on. They got into the ss blue brothers bought it from chevron in 1986. They had a number of reasons for thinking uavs might be a good investment. Among their motives was the desire to out the counter rebels in nicaragua overthrow the rest leftist sandinistas who in 1979 had overturned the former Business Partners the samosas. The blue brothers first attempt at a uav with a modified aluminum k. Plan that they were trying to equip with a gps guided autopilot. Neil blues idea was the contrast or an ally of the contras, im guessing the cia, could pack planes nose with explosives and use it as a cruise missile. Neil also thought such a weapon would help deter the soviet invasion of western germany. Neal bluebonnet it to be priced cheap, cheap, cheap. Im not a menace to learn that the man hired to run his First Company is a retired as jay cassidy gave his first uav would later become a french name, predator. This unmanned airplane had absolutely nothing to do with the predator we know today except the name. Nothing in common. But tom cassidy who later proved to marketing on lobbying he was a flying fighter plane at spinning predator and he chose for both. As i say in my book, if it is the motive of invention especially aviation technologies created necessity that gave birth to the predator and innovation that made it revolutionary. The war in bosnia and the difficulty of finding serb artillery and bombarding sarajevo in 1993 led to the development of the second drone called predator, which was a derivative of a smaller less capable uav then abe karem had designed call but not 750. In 1993, the cia prior to the general atomics to use in bosnia. The photo at the bottom here, the man to the right is abe karem get the man to his left in 1993 was the cia deputy or of operations and went to california to seal that deal for cia director jim woolsey who had known abe karem for years. At the same time after conversations, under secretary of defense for acquisition john deutch created a program to develop an endurance unmanned area of vehicle similar to the 750 for the military. Deutch was in a hurry. He stipulated this uav had to fly within six months of contract were. To make that possible, he adopted an idea and a new Rapid Procurement method called advanced Concept Technology demonstrations. In january 1994, the Defense Department, the very first such contract and the team of engineers redesigned the net 750 and six months later the new predator made its first flight. And now i would like to elaborate on why that said this but tells a story about the air force is in a story about the cia. In 2009 was to find offices who had flown the predator or involved in the program in some other way. An unforgettable nickname and i soon found out an incredible personality. If clark knows more about the predator than just about anybody say. Thats his real name. As former air force secretary is well known, and his real name is James G Clark and his air force job title these days is director of Intelligence Surveillance and atomic innovation. Here is how i describe him in my book. In reality, clark worked [inaudible] in reality, this is what i say in the book. In reality, clark worked for the services, the fourstar chief of staff and a civilian secretary of the air force. He was their favorite fixer, and inside operator with bypassing bureaucracy and was always getting things done if you like to put it, quick and dirty. This is partly why clark encouraged everyone to call him by his nickname, snake, or they salute him for it all snake. [laughter] he consciously cultivated the image of a shrewd operator who might be dangerous. The reputation he found to sell an intimidating or potential opponents. A reverent, sassy and unafraid to his death on toes im a clark was an acquired taste. He spoke in a pattern. His flavor was slightly acidic and reminiscent when someone got in this way, he loves playing what he called pentagon poker. Ill see your threestar and raise you a fourstar. Well, i met snake or come in the air force association in 2009. I took it back a month after that. I began to understand the predator was unusual, but also in the way the capabilities were improved. Initially, as the secretary pointed out to me when i interviewed him, the predator like the first personal computer was a new technology that some people find interesting, but most quite sure how to benefit from. Over time come a few interested innovators came up with a soft work, new hardware, new Communications Architectures that transform the personal computer from a novelty into a necessity in much the same thing happened with the predator. At first, this new endurance uav was an important, just just interesting him only to a few people at that. Many were quite sure exactly. The predator offer phenomenal flight. He can stay up as much as 40 hour shooting might video in color. But there was also slow and flimsy and vulnerable. And while still photographs taken in satellites were familiar tools of military intelligence in the 1990s, full motion video wasnt. When the predator makes debut in 1994, the implement the army by the way, it was a plot one for video at imagery sent back to the Ground Control station, and nascar style trailer at this time and went no further. But by 2001, three years after the air force took charge, it was the first weapon in history whose operators could stop until a sin