Extraordinary and believed in him and that he was going to be a great man from the beginning. He has gotten some bad press. In the biography she doesnt show up well you dont want her to your motherinlaw for sure. A very difficult. Ultimately people are unfathomable but i do think that hes in a wonderful relationship with his father that was much older than his mother and became something of an invalid himself when franklin was still a kid and was his mother that was the driving force. Was a terrific family. His uncle, one of sarahs brothers was a terrific guy that played in the business of finding fdr was somebody who became a kind of father figure after his own father died. So there were lots of good people around fdr but ultimately where do these figures come from, lincoln and washington. She asked where my interest in fdr came from. Its partly the talks that my grandmother had with me. In the books im always kind of reaching back into my childhood for things fascinated me. I wrote about the new pile of i think because world war ii had just been in the air when i was a kid. And somehow the roosevelts i fell in love with the path when i was yondah. And somehow they represented a fascinating period pity and i knew that they had been around just before i was born of my grandparents use and time and theres something in there that youre not to be part of about. The craziest recollection comes back to me. It wouldnt cover would uncover drawers. Its a left of the drawers filled with old things of her fathers it seems farfetched but im telling you that is what really lies behind the kid that is interested in history and then gets older and decides he wants to live and not world. I think thats what it is. With every book, you look for a time in this era of the past and get to know what it was like. It is a longing to go back. And for me this amazing character, this combination of this medical thriller and this political thriller and this mysterious figure at the center of it, thats what got me interested in even though it took me longer than i wanted it to, i loved living with the roosevelts for these past few years. I dont want to keep you on a rainy night. Thank you for having me. [applause] welcome to colombia on book tv located at the south end of the town the city is known for its rich maritime history and being the seat of the state government. The original residents were the indian population, the tribal nation, the first british explorer came here in 1792 and got to George Vancouver for whom it is named. The territorial collection gives you a peek into the first thing that people in the state has been particularly olympia were pulling off the shelves and reading when they came here because this was one of the First Public Library is in washington. This is where people who lived in the olympia came to grab a book. When our nation was founded in 1776, only 16 years later for the first explorers exploring the sound, so the shipping and the explanation was going on very quickly after we became a nation and of course even before. The original residents were the indian population, the tribal nations that were here and the first british explorers came here. Captain George Vancouver and the lieutenant for whom the sound is named. So it was a very important area for the settlement, for trade, and for the establishment of the ports trading by the british and the Hudson Bay Company. In the late 1800s and the mid1800s, we became one of the offshoots of the gold rush in california in 1849. Many of the activities that happen here and in seattle and the sound or basically spinoffs from the gold rush of 1849. A lot of the shipping and the ships that came from the Atlantic Coast and the Pacific Coast to bring the gold miners and people that are going to find their portraits eventually came north with cargo from here. Then we had another gold rush in alaska in 1897 commesso another influx of people came to the area in the Pacific Northwest and helped Washington State to grow and become the great port nation in the maritime state that it is today for the pacific rim cargo activities and other kinds of maritime. I think one of the most interesting things is the transition between the age of the sale to the age of steam and diesel Power Petroleum powered ships, and that is a very important transition. It happened very rapidly. We have the ships for decades and years and years and then in the late 1800s with the advent of the steamship that transition became very rapid. Once the steam engines became more powerful and smaller it was a major trend that happened very rapidly. In fact one of the first to come to the sound area was owned by the Hudson Bay Company and the interesting fact of that is the only way to get the ship here was not to use the steam engine, but to use the sale, so it sailed from england through the sound area. Thats about a 16,000mile voyage, but once it got here, the engine was hooked up, the paddle wheels attached to the size of the vessel and was then used to supply the various ports operated by the Hudson Bay Company throughout so in the 1836 when it started and came here that was the first steamboat and cause a revolution and can rapidly after. The first one was probably only 60 feet long and the ships crew and nature. The big sailing ships were 150 feet long and then we got into the steamships which became 250 feet long. Today the container ships that have come into seattle and tacoma and the other ports in the sound area summer 800 or 900 feet long and carry 20,000 containers. So the amount of cargo has changed and the maritime economy is a big part of the Pacific Northwest. The first maritime history of the Pacific Northwest was written in 1892. And then no further work was done until 65. So i wanted a book that would be a brief overview of the history so i wrote a shorter smaller book of the pictorial history and i thought that more people would have access, more people would read and therefore the more important region would be more fully valued and would reach many more people. From the recent trip to columbia washington, learn about the litigation surrounding the Pacific Northwest habitat of the water bird. In 1999 it had already been listed as a threatened species in california, oregon and washington. Scientists knew that because of its association with the mature large trees, red blood, the spruce, western red sea, that association travels because it nests in the forest which is very unusual for the seabird and they were prized in the Timber Industry because they were very valuable, so that controversy wants the nest was discovered in 74 of the association and the old forest was set and then essentially the controversy began. It in habits the range of the Pacific Coast from the outer island in alaska south through british columbia, washington, oregon and a band of about 50 miles wide. Its a sea bird though so is that 90 of the time. The bird is rabin size and it is the member of a family of birds that include birds like puffins and that people might be more familiar with. They do not build a nest and its unique in the family in that it nests in trees so in this family of birds, you have birds that come inland in the summer, so they let off shore and then only in the summer do they come to land. They make nests on the open quote tops ambrose but no bird had a nest in a tree. They are small seabirds and the our heavy bodied and the flap their wings rapidly to keep their body afloat in the air. They need to go from the ocean directly to their nest branch and making a landing. They really cant stop and start because it is so much effort to do that, so the need to find somewhere they can land to make essentially a highspeed kind of sellout landing on the branch that needs to be a wide branch. It means to be out of reach of predators so you think what kind of trees have these out of the reach of predators well these are the mature along the coast and you also need a branch where you can lay an egg. Its the size of a marlin but its a guess the size of a chicken and and you need a wide platform. It also doesnt have energy to come and build a nest. Some of these are 30 miles inland so to build the mast would be exhausting so it uses what is on these branches are the dust and the needles that fall from the upper branches of the tree so it would have a nice platform out of reach of predators on the ground and usually with a little bit of overhead cover some 120 or 150 feet up the tree and those are the mature trees that it finds these where it can raise its check. With the endangered species act, probably the most notable impact but is seen throughout the country is the northern spotted owl created on the plan but in addition to that, the lifting that came shortly after that had an impact mostly on the federal ground it has had some ownership and in the federal ownerships they are responsible for the recovery of the endangered species act and nonfederal ownership is responsible for conservation, so maintaining enough habitat so that the species can basically exist at the current level. Historic the in the northwest and especially washington its been a significant aspect of the economy and the support dating clear back into the early settlers coming into the northwest use the resources especially oftentimes used for the trees and sailing for sailing ships back in the 1800s so its been around for a long time and has a fairly Significant Impact on the local community. Its washingtons number two producer in the United States for lumber only behind or again so the northwest factor is pretty heavy on the production and impact of economic jobs. The overall impact of both of the state and the local communities if you look at the forestry sector as a whole its the whole aspect of the management and tending the trees after the harvest. They looked up 2 of the wages in washington that are paid for out of the forestry sector and when we talk about the communities that are left to 5 so its a Significant Impact and a lot of the communities in the state have been based on timber so the reductions and those type of things have been a Significant Impact. The kind of started from the get go but in the last year, 2013, the court cases in washington involved a 12,000acre parcel of the department of Natural Resources forest land that was up four blogging except for the fact that the department of Natural Resources has no permanent longterm conservation plan which is a requirement, so the litigation involved basically curtailing or stopping blogging entel the department of Natural Resources has a long term conservation plan and that is now being developed. Theyve been operating under an interim plan since 1997 because they didnt know enough about the marbled murrelet. The plan is now quite over do so the decision in this particular case in the King County Superior Court was to determine that the department of Natural Resources had to stop its logging or not proceed until let had a longterm conservation plan which is great for that 12,000 acres. Elsewhere, the industry is persistent to remove sections of the population and also it is a sort of layer of protection for the bird and in the Federal District court in washington, d. C. The decisions favored the conservation groups and fish and Wildlife Service said the critical habitat protection has remained in place and it is still listed all segments of the population in washington, oregon and california remains as a listed species which means they will continue to have the protection they need the world demand for Forest Products its a challenging issue to meet those demands for the board product swa also meeting the other demands of the natural environment. I think for anybody that is outside of the Pacific Northwest its a very complex issue that we truly dont know a lot about the biology of the bird. There is becoming more and more research on it but that is relatively recent and to keep in mind an understanding of the impact this is an issue that is going on in an area of the country that produces the states lumber so it impact everybody. When you go to your local Hardware Store to buy a to buy for it is a National Economy that these products move great distances and so being able to realize this is not just a Northern California issue it is an issue that has the potential impact across the country. Our state is definitely split on the issue because we do have a lot of Timber Industries as a major part of our economy in Washington State and we also have a lot of people interested in the conservation and people are drawn to Washington State because we have these wild places and these mature forests where you can get lost and you can discover things and thats a very attractive to people coming into the Pacific Northwest but to preserve that and to keep that sort of the iconic species, the salmon, the spotted owl will take collaboration between all these groups to have this be a longterm viable sustainable forest. While visiting a lynndie of washington with the help of our partner comcast book tv took a tour of the collection of the Washington State library. Espinel krin the special collections librarian for the state of washington, and we are here at the state library in washington. Today im going to show you the original territorial collection which was brought in october and was selected by pierre original the first territorial governor of washington. Stevens was born in each team each team on the east coast to a fairly prominent family over there and then was appointed in 1853a by the governor of the territory. So this is where we house to the collection. It is a very secure fire her group fault and i will take you in their right now. This is what remains of the state library of the territorial collection. These volumes were selected between 1853 to 1857 many of them personally selected by governor stevens. If not, he was at least the final word on the selections, and its a very diverse offering of materials and covers many foreign languages. We have things that are written in german and dutch and latin and italian. Theres histories, discoveries and voyages, encyclopedias, philosophy, poetry, you will find shakespearean also political papers such as the works of the president s up to that date and of other political figures. So his goal he was a well read individual with multiple Language Skills and his feeling was that the best way to establish the legislative body was to have them to be a well read group by the standards of that time and so he collected a lot of these materials from london and new york booksellers. And of the original collection that came around from the east coast to olympia, theres about 900 titles remaining. A lot of people ask what the oldest item in the collection is and that distinction belongs to this. It is 1524, and i probably butchered the pronunciation but it is the second letter. This is the First Edition of the second letter of Hernando Cortes and it describes the conquest of mexico and pretty good detail. The first letter has been lost in time and this is actually bound with an appendix which describes the first letter said this essentially covers the first correspondent and this is a more modern binding and probably dates to the 1900s and the text inside is definitely from that era and was written in 1524. Another volume that may be of interest to people of this is the work on the Dutch East Indies and west indies company. Simon is considered to have perfected the art, and it was published in 1682 and it is chock full of beautiful illustrations and good maps. A lot of what we have in the collection are maps that pertain to the history of the Pacific Northwest and the western expansion and a beautiful binding. The more current at the time that he purchased the collection is this book which is patrick journal of the lewis and Clark Expedition and he was an enlisted man who didnt learn to read or write until he was in his 20s but in the discovery he was promoted the sergeant and he kept this a journal which actually ends up being the First Published work on the lewis and Clark Expedition for the public consumption. He tried to keep it from being published but they had editing compilation issues going on and of course the issues with Meriwether Lewis mental state probably had some bearing upon it but this cannot in 1807 and this is the First Edition. Whats nice about it is that it is written in a very easy reading style in laymens terms good storytelling. So for a lot of people, this was the version of the expedition they came up with. Its important to see what was on the mind of the people organizing the government. This is just one special collection among many but this one has that primary importance of sort of showing what outside of just the political concerns what is of interest to the lawmakers of that time and of the governor himself, who is the polarizing figure. He conducted ten indian treaties in 13 months. Some say maybe he to get advantage of that situation.