Activist in the 1940s. That was just one much her causes. She was cofounder of the black trade union organization. In this photo you can see she was a speaker and a cofounder of the First Coalition of labor women. They held their First Convention here in chicago in 1974. Over 3,000 women attended and they spoke for a few days and she is here in this photo giving the opening address. When do you see yourself finishing her papers . Hopefully as soon as possible. Sometime within this year. Going to be some work done to the library. We would like to have her photograph collection fully processed before that happens. It just starts in the 1940s and goes all the way up to the early thousands. There is great number of photograph of her work with mayor Harold Washington and also the work she did to help, she was trying to help pass the equal rights amendment. All right. Beth loch, once again if people want to come and see the vivian harsh collection here at the woodson library, how do they do it . Just walk in the front door. You walk in the front door at woodson. Go to your left. The library is open seven days a week. You can view the exhibit then. If you want to view archival collection, five day as week. Mondays through thursdays and saturdays. Only thing you need to look at collection a photo i. D. Or library card. This is booktv on cspan2, we want to know what is on your Summer Reading list. Send us your choices booktv is our twitter handle. You can also post it on our facebook page, facebook. Com booktv, or you can send an email to booktv at cspan. Org. What is on your Summer Reading list . Booktv wants to know. [applause] thanks for coming on such a Beautiful Day. Our first Beautiful Day in two weeks, right . Welcome, everyone, im john maynard, director of programs here at the museum. This is signature program, inside media. What a thrill to welcome our guest today, lesley stahl, a true trailblazer in the broadcast journalism. The past 25 years she served asd correspondent on televisions most respected and revered program, 6 00 at this minutes. She was cbs News White House correspondent during carter, raring began and part of the george w. Bush administrations and hosted sunday morning program, face the nation for eight years. Ra it was five years ago she took on her most important and rewarding job and that is grandmother. Leslies new book, becoming grand ma, the joyce of science of new grandparenting, explores how becoming a grandparent can truly transform women and men. Well talk about that book today and a little more about lesleys amazing career. Please help me welcome, lesley stahl. [applause] before we get to the book, i want to ask questions about your colleague, morally safer who officially announced on wednesday he is stepping down from 60 minutes after 40 plus years. Tell us your thoughts on morley. There is a sadness when the people mo were the heart and soul of 60 minutes, almosthe from the beginning, leave. Morley, everybody knows, liked the sort of offbeat stories and he has, hes done the signature stories of 60 minutes, the kind of piece where you say, wow, no one else would do a story like that. Right. He had a twinkle in his eye. He was a beautiful, whimsical writer sometimes. You dont always see onwrit television. Wa and id known him since he was the cbs bureau chief in london. Wow. Ef in 1969. Well, i have already dated myself with the book. Right. And, he, he was always a person who cared deeply about the journalism side of what we do. Right. And he is really going to be missed. Yeah. He is also in my book. Not that i keep saying the book. Right. But he is in there as a grandfather. Right, right. I believe tomorrow night theres a onehour special with all his best stories on 60 minutes, some one question i always tend to ask authors, when they appear as when and why did you decide to write this book . It seems to be safe to say the answer can be found in the titly itself, becoming grandma . Yeah. Dma . But, i there was a publisher in new york who asked me to lunch to talk me into doing another book. I had written a book before called, reporting live. It was about my journalism career here in washington about the president s i had covered. Right. C he wanted me to write a book about 60 minutes. I thought to myself, you know, if i really told the back, the back stories they would fire me. If they didnt fire me, no one would talk to me. Right. So i said no, so fast. There we were stuck having lunch together. My granddaughter was about one at time. I just talked about her, talkedd about her, talked about her. He said, you know, thats your book. This is what youre thinking about. This is what youre caring about. And i went away, and tried to think if the subject would sustain my interest over several years. I didnt stop working because i knew it would take several years to write. I decided it would hold my interest. You first learned your daughter taylor was pregnant with her first child, what were your initial thoughts you were going to be a grandparent . Were you frightened or amazed . I was thrilled. Gh okay. A i discovered in my grand tour, get it, grand tour of grandparents because i have interviewed a lot, that if youre young, meaning 50 or less, and your child comes and says youre going to be a grand parent, you look in the mirror to say, no, im too young. If as was my case your daughter makes you wait, you think, oh, my god, am i ever going to be a grandparent. She made me wait so long that i was thrilled, thrilled, thrilled. All right. So was my husband. Right. Im we have a few photos from the book i will display. Well start with you with jordan. That is my first. That is the first one, jordan. Tell us, what are you feeling in that picture there . Here is another reason that i wanted to write the book. Im holding her, i think that is probably the very first time im holding her. A couple of things are happening im falling madly in love. Im just looking at her and it is hopeless, i have fallen off a cliff. And the subtitle is, the science of grandparenting. My i discovered in my research, like mothers, grandmothers when theyre born actually secrete a hormone. It is called oxy tauzin called the bonding hormone. I am bonding with that child. I had such an extraordinary,ch deep, almost thunderous emotion course through me and i wanted to know what that was. You know, everybody told me, being, there is Nothing Better than being a grandparent. It is the best thing that could ever happen to a person. N. I heard that, heard that, heard that, but no one talks about this emotion. It is a kind of loving unlike any other. And i wanted to find out what that was. Now i know its a surge of hormones. No one thinks that way. It really changes us, it truly changes us. I was going to mention, the science in the book, which you. Talk about, tell us about some of your research that you did, how you kind of studied about the science of it. Well. , that was a big question in the beginning, what was going onov with me . I discover ad book called, the female brain, i which recommend by louann weisendein. She talks about chemistry of women at every stage of life, when theyre children, teenagers, mothers and she talks about grandmothers. The grandmother part was very short. So i did what i would do if it were a 60 minutes story and i called her on the phone and interviewed her. She, i said you know it is kind of crazy but i really feel like i have fallen in love with the classic sense of falling in love. En she laughed, she said, you did. Because the pathway, sort of the neurons of he he romantic love and boy girl love and baby love is the same so you are feeling something similar. Two years later along comes chloe. Then along came two and i thought am i going to have theto same feeling for number two . I thought i wouldnt because, it doesnt happen twice. Well of course it did happen twice. And i bonded with her too. Right. I want to show a picture of you and working together. That is more recent. Right, right. Well, i find that among the many changes that take place in us, this is both grandmothers and grandfathers, that we canan not say no to our grandchildren, no matter how strict we were as grand parents, no matter how critical, no matter how much we were on their case, grandparents love uncrittably. We love unconditionally and, we never say no. , its always yes. If they want i hated going to the park with my daughter. I hated it. I hated slides. Te i hated pushing the damn swingin back and forth and my grandchildren want to go the park, im there. I am pushing the swing and its great. There i am going down a slide. Imagine. Anything they want. Go speaking of you being a parent there, you are. That is my daughter. Taylor, right. You know where we are . Were at easter egg roll. In washington at white house. White house. That is the koolaid guy. So tell us you touched on it there, what is differentit between, what you felt for your daughter when she was born as opposed to a grandchild . Well, when youre a parent, even from the very minute that babys born youre worrying. You know, parents dont ever really sleep until they go to college. They dont sleep for 18 years. If you have more than one, it could be 25 years, because this worry is perpetual. We feel responsible. Mothers when they give birth secret a hormone that makes them vigilant. They are really almost in a way fearful. That goes on and on. I remember all i ever did, i was covering the white house and i made lists. Then i made lists of my lists. I was so afraid i would drop a stitch with my daughter. Y and, i, and as i said, it could be a disciplinarian. Youre trying to get your children in shape for life. With a grandchild, it is just simply joyful, period. It is automatic. Were not thinking about it. It happens to us. And it is almost universal. I have met grandparents who arent that way. Y. Right. But mainly, most of just turt into marshmallows with our kid and i do think it is part of this physiological change that comes over us. You also get into the book about how the roles of grandparents have changed over the last three or four generations. Over millenia. Right. In the way back old days, caveman times, the both parents went out and hunted. Both parents tilled the field and left babies with grandma. Grandma was responsible basically for raising the babies. That is the way mankind developed and as we became more and more civilized, grandma wasw still in the household and, grand ma was still raising babies. S it is still the case in china and india. It was the case before the Industrial Revolution for the most part. If you didnt, if grandma didnt live in the house she lived very nearby. I now think that when grandparents dont live near their grandchildren and dont see them a lot, that we actually physically crave them. You detail in the book a growinw population of people are now custodial grandparents. Lets talk about two different sides. All growing out of really the recession, and its its lingering effect on younger people, millennials. Our kids who have young kids are getting good jobs and making a good living. It takes two parents now to earn what one parent use to earn going back to my generations. They are having trouble with childcare because it is so hideously expensive and theyre having trouble buying things. Grandparents, i came upon thee statistic after i wrote the book grandparents are spending seven times more on their grandchildren today than they did just ten years ago. We are paying for medical care, were were paying for their education, were straightening their teeth, we are in there buying not toys, yes toys, but in addition, big ticket items. We are bang the crib. We are buying the car seat. We are involved that way and if were nearby, we are babysitting. To just take the burden off the kids. Now custodial, there is a seriously sizable chunk of grandparents in the United States today who are raising their grandchildren. They have custody of their grandchildren. N. There are many reasons, drug addiction jail or death. Its never a good reason. But grandparents can be surprised one day when theyve just retired or are thinking of taking a cruise were playing golf or whatever and they find they are raising three little babies. This is not that uncommon. It is hard. My sisterinlaw who is a psychologist and has some of these custodial grandparents as her patient said they are the un sung heroes because they are amongst us. A they are really, theyre struggling. Its very hard to raise a child child. You know, this is another interesting thing, whoever is raising the kid becomes the disciplinarian, so if you need a grandparent who is helping to raise the kid, they are not as permissive as those of us who see them from time to time. You have a whole chapter in the book devoted to a very special place called hope meadows. I love how you set up the chapter. You say were supposed to stand coolly on the sidelines, keeping our opinions to ourselves and our emotion holstered. Screw that when it comes to the story of hope meadows. Tell us what makes this place so special to you. This is one of those planned communities. It was developed by a single woman who was writing her phd thesis on the foster care system in the state of illinois. She was seeing child after child being rejected by the Foster Parent and shunted from one family to another family and it was breaking her heart. In she decided that if Foster Parents lived in a compound together, they wouldnt give up on the kids because the other families would help them and support them. So she talked to the pentagon into giving her some Beautiful Homes on an air force base that was being shut down. She wanted 12 houses. In she found 12 families to take in and adopt, this was not foster care, taken and adopt foster families. E they were taking and sometimes for, three kids and raising them forever. The pentagon said we cant give you 12 homes. Thats ridiculous. You have to take a section. So they gave her 88 homes. She wanted 12. She has 88 homes. What to do. By by the way, she got 88 gorgeous homes for 250,000. Eightyeight for 250,000. Each one for 250,000. Each one would cost more than 250,000. So what to do with all these extra houses. Ut she put ads in newspapers and things like that and said any Senior Citizen who are retired and want to downsize from their big houses you can come and live here for subsidized rent, very low rent. So Senior Citizens from all over the country came in and filled up the other 70 houses. Organically, baby cam the grandparents of these kids were all troubles, everyone was a troubled kid and they became, the kids would choose who their grandparents were. They didnt have to have a grandparent but they did anda they would call them grandma and grandpa and they too helped thet families struggle through some very difficult times. I tell a story of one man who lived there and he had been told that he wasnt going to wasnt going to live more than a year. He lived and lived because he became a grandfather. It was a very volatile young kid. T he had been kicked out of a lot of schools. He was a troublemaker and he was punching the other kids. So this grandfather would go to school with the boy every day and sit next to him to calm him down and get him through school, which he did. He got them through school. Great story. Were going to, by the way, we want to get to some questionswh and we have two volunteers here so just raise your hand and they will come to you. This book is more about grandmothers but its also about grandfathers and by the way, grandfathers, there is is your husband aaron, tell us his experience . Ence i one of the things i discovered going back to the science is that taking care of grandchildren for a man can lift depression, it can make somebody who is lagging in skills better, it certainly makes people happier. My husband has parkinsons disease and the weirdest thing happened. Right after jordan was born his symptoms disappeared. Now no one gets better with parkinsons, believe me. At, di what happened here . Did he not have parkinsons . We went from doctor to doctor to find out what happened. One said he had west nile virus. Come on. So for one year he was symptomfree. He hadnt been able to drive, he was driving again. Ry im a very slow walker and he couldnt keep up with me but he was now walking ahead of me. It was stunning. The parkinsons did come back and he has parkinsons, but thats a dramatic, i dont know if its because of jordan but we cant think of anything else and we have another picture of him. Heres the other thing about grandfathers. They are sitting at these little tables with their grandchildrenm and having tea parties with them and playing with dolls andn rolling around on the floor with their grandsons. You know, my husband was a very good father and a very good father but you hear people say, you you know i didnt know my father that well when i was growing up. Look at him with my kid. To have a question. Ahead. Leslie saul, am i on . Ley stah ive been watching you since well, when i was younger. Im here with my mom and were having a weekend away and imgh enjoying your talk even though i came in a little bit later. One of the things that ive read about is the importance of grandparents and their longevity, there was a study done, i think it was a ted talk and they talked about the blue areas of the world where people are living to 110 or above in those areas are where the grandparents are actively involved. I rest my case. In the families. I think in our society as aa wh whole, we have one child that lives in this part of thechild country and another here and were so into our independence where we just lose a lot of that. A lot of the parents of the family being involved when somebody gets sick, when somebody loses a job. So i think, its just kind of tailing on to what you were saying. I my grandchildren live in los angeles and i live in new york. What ive discovered is that theres this trend thats happening and its becoming a big moment of people, when they retire picking up, selling the50 house they lived in for 50 years, 50 years, leaving theirun friends and their communities and moving to live near their grandchildren, to be be in their life and help their kids and to help raise their grandchildren. Theres this imperative, i called it a craving before, but we dont want to miss this. K yo so, let me ask you a question now that ive made my comment. Do you feel there is a new trene that weve now gone through this expansion of everyone doing their own thing and now were leaning toward not becoming a consumer oriented society, do you think will get back to our roots . W s going to be awfully hard to break but i do feel that there is this almost compulsion on the part of the older folksrh to be near their grandchildren. Now some of the younger folks arent necessarily thrilled that motherinlaw is going to be moving into the ho