748-8001. c-span or goet at to facebook.com/c-span. the south florida sun-sentinel about last night's debate, the gloves come off. let's take a look at one exchange between the two candidates on deportation. >> can you promise tonight that you won't do for children and that you won't deport immigrants who don't have a criminal record and could i get a yes or no answer? >> yes you can because the question you are asking was about children's taking asylum. , i would like to see those laws changed and i would like to see added to them, a guarantee of counsel and support for children. if you are asking about everybody already here, undocumented immigrants. the 12 million who are here. to deporties are violent criminals, terrorists and anyone who threatens our safety. policy asave the same the current administration does. that weit is important move to a comprehensive immigration reform, but at the same time stop the roundup, stop the deporting of people who are living here doing their lives -- doing their jobs and that is my priority. >> can you promise that you will not report children? >> i will not the poor children. i do not want to deport families. >> i don't believe the secretary fully answered your question. the proof may be in the pudding. honduras may be the most violent region in our hemisphere. people,ds, vicious torturing people, doing horrible things. children fled that part of the world to try to meet up with their family members in this country, taking a route that was horrific and start a new life. secretary clinton did not support those children coming into this country, i did. i happen to agree with president obama on many issues. i think he has done a great job. he is wrong on this issue of deportation. i disagree with him on that. children fromort the united states of america. >> can you promise to not deport immigrants with no criminal record? >> i can make that promise. host: the two candidates squaring off over cuba, deportation and other immigration issues. this is a map of the latinos who are eligible to vote in the provincial election and where the share of latino voters live by congressional district. those darker shaded areas are where the highest percentage of hispanic eligible voters live in this country. obviously, florida being one of those areas. in the audience was a largely hispanic audience. it was hosted by the spanish-language channel, univision and so, the candidates making their remarks toward that audience. we want to turn to hispanic voters only. how do you plan to vote in this presidential election? even if you are planning to not necessarily vote for democrats. we want to hear from you. let me show you this. due to the large voting block in florida, the hispanic vote has been reliably republican and mitt romney governor less than 30% of the hispanic vote and president obama overwhelmingly won it. bush won therge w. hispanic vote and the state. what latinos were registered as democrats than republicans and the cap has only -- only widened since then, leading to the growing influence of democrats with hispanic voters in 2008. how do you plan to vote in this election? let me show you one more moment from last night. hillary clinton toward the beginning of the debate, was asked about her previous statements against immigration and whether she is flip-flopping. >> in 2003, i sponsored the dreamer act. i sponsored it in every congress after that. i have been consistent and committed to comprehensive immigration reform. i think our best chance was in 2007 when ted kennedy led the charge on immigration reform. we had republican support any president willing to sign it. i voted for that bill and senator sanders voted against it. imagine where we would be today if we had achieved comprehensive immigration reform nine years ago. imagine how much more secure families would be in our country, no longer fearing the deportation of a loved one. no longer fearing that they would be found out. i am staunchly in favor of comprehensive immigration reform. that was hillary clinton on her immigration record. we are talking to hispanic voters. virginia, thank you for calling in. caller: good morning. host: how do you plan to vote? caller: i plan to vote for hillary. sheink she has proven that -- i think she will work really hard to get immigration laws and everything on the congress. hopefully, they will get senators that will help her. host: what are the most important issues to you? work foro me, it is to all the families in the latino community that are being separated and deported. they really are the force of this country. happy, some of them are not criminals or whatever, not, theyority are come here and they work hard and -- host: were you eligible to vote in the last election? caller: i voted for president obama and i think he has done a great job. ecuador and have lived in the u.s. for 20 years. host: how long did it take you to become a u.s. citizen? caller: about nine years. host: what age were you when you came here? caller: about 38. host: bob in maryland, how do you plan to vote? caller: i plan to vote for bernie sanders. immigration, it is unfortunate that people that work for 40 hours a week have to share a rented room in this area. a lot of the immigrants in this area -- i'm not an immigrant, but a lot of people i know are working two jobs, spending a lot of money on transportation to get to those jobs and they can just barely make and meet. host: why not hillary clinton? caller: it is hard to pin her down. i was disappointed with obama, specifically on immigration. call't know if i would them immigration raids. andbody knocked on the door my wife answered the door and the next thing we knew, we had seven immigration agents in our hard -- they did not shoot my daughter anything, but it is hard to put in words how frightening or disconcerting something like that is. any were looking for acquaintance of ours who had forwarded some mail to our house who had a drug conviction like 10 years ago. i think they were just trying to drive up numbers. he had been traveling in and out of the country regularly. i would like to see that stuff end. what happens when they come to your door? do you have to let the men? -- let them in? i talked this over with my wife and a knock on the door and they asked if they can come in and she thought it had to do with our son, so she let the men. then it wasn't just one guy, it was seven guys looking all over the place. if they were to find anybody that did not have documents, even though the gentleman they were looking for was not there, they would have deported them. we were very fortunate. have a lot of friends and people in our neighborhood that don't have documents who have been here for 15-20 years. that left a bad taste in your mouth for president obama and his deportation program. caller: yes. host: bob supporting bernie sanders in maryland. hispanics only, this morning. fidel and the virgin islands, who do you plan to vote for? caller: hillary clinton. host: tell us why. clinton.illary host: why do you plan to vote for her? caller: because i think she has the progress that she is andng for the immigrants not that alone, but she is really pushing to make america better. host: you believe that she could make it better for you and for the hispanic community? believe in her because -- host: what about the republican party, why not them? the republicans have strong candidates, but with hillary,, and backing up what's going on around the world, she has everything come back to be our leader as a woman. luis and augusta, georgia, tell us who are you -- you -- who you are voting for. caller: i am voting for hillary. host: why are you supporting her? caller: because of her experience and her husband's experience as president, especially when it involves is annexed and low income people in this country. host: what about his record do you think she will follow? caller: he was a president that produced 21 million jobs. he left a positive budget for the federal government, and in that is the reason why i would vote for him. host: ok. if you plan to vote for a republican or a democrat and you are hispanic, we want to hear from you. how do you plan to vote in this presidential election? thereshowed you earlier, were 27.3 million latinos that are eligible to vote in this election and this voting block is important for both parties and is getting bigger and bigger each election. miami herald this morning. sanders and clinton spar over cuba and the climate. hosting that debate last night, one of those big four states coming up. hispanic fight for votes is the headline on their paper, this morning. let's go to all got in north -- in oklahoma. olga in oklahoma. how do you plan to vote? a republicane been for a long time, in this country for 30 years and i am so ashamed of the republicans right now and the stupid men they have and heald trump is so racist and has just said so many things about our people which is not true. we are a good people. we came to this country to work and have a better life and he does not know what he is talking about. he really does not know. for -- fore too much hillary, but i would vote for her. i think she is the only solution we have to beat donald trump. will latinos wall off trump? donald trump's favorite scapegoat could end up having the satisfaction of blocking him from the white house. latino voters have the potential to thwart a -- build a big beautiful wall between donald trump and his goal. if he gets a republican nomination and hispanics are provoked into voting closer to their numbers, they vote overwhelmingly against trump, it is hard to see how he could win. such an outcome would serve him right. unfortunately for the gop, it would also threatened to make latinos a reliable and monolithic vote for the democratic party. simplerwere to happen, -- simple arithmetic would make for the it is difficult remote -- republicans to win the white house. , a gopng romney's defeat postmortem called on the party to regain its footing. this never happened. joe in florida, did you watch that debate? caller: yes. host: who do you plan to vote for? caller: donald trump. host: tell us why. in unemployed,ns homeless, kids are coming from central america and mexico. everybody says he is racist. when americans break the law, we go to jail and pay the price. [inaudible] he makes a lot of sense. wouldas an employer, i hire cheap labor. i have been working all my life, minimum wage and i know people say donald trump is a racist but -- people from haiti are being deported in the hundreds of thousands. columbia, the same thing. [inaudible] host: were you born here or are you from somewhere else? i have been watching we areow for years and from many countries, but let it put it this way. [inaudible] we have millions of americans in poverty, unemployed, veterans. who is going to pay for it all, all of this social security? host: joe in florida. according to the washington post headline this morning, clinton has the edge in florida and an older diverse electorate boosts her odds. holding ainton's commanding lead over bernie sanders in the sunshine state. 28%leads standards 64% to among likely democratic primary voters. far, she has regulated almost twice as many delegates as sanders and she is more than halfway to achieving the nomination. awards not -- primary 246 delegates, making it the biggest prize of the five state voting, tuesday. the poll also finds clinton leading sanders among democrats aged 65 and older. clinton holds a lopsided 72 percent to 16% lead amongst nonwhites in florida. that is who we are talking to this morning, hispanics only, who do you plan to vote for? kyle in and tell us why you plan to do that. christopher in miami, good morning. caller: i did watch parts of the debate. host: who do you plan to vote for? caller: i plan on voting for donald trump. i think he stands up to the special interest the best. host: why not marco rubio? caller: the rhetoric against him is true. he used it as a platform to run for the presidency and has not done anything effective. host: that is your main issue. caller: effectively, but i think trump provides us a historic opportunity to stand up to special interests and get the corruption and money out of our government. there is this headline about mr. rubio's campaign in order. a national push hurts rubio and it says he is regretting going after donald trump. he read some of the team -- mean e-mails or tweets from donald trump and retorted, some say he stooped to his level. what did you make of that strategy? caller: i understand what they say about it going down to trump's level. he is obviously trying to play a game but donald trump is the only person that is good at it. ,e did embarrass himself especially bringing up somebody's private parts. the thing about donald trump is, he has a lot of bombast and he is not a likable person, but i've had bosses that have not been likable people, but they certainly got the job done. he has a very genius thing of breaking down complex ideas for voters. when he wants to send up to the military-industrial complex, he explains that we buy a bunch of things from contractors that we don't need, but we really need to buy the things we need. host: what is your heritage? caller: half cuban. my father is a cuban immigrant and my mother is actually an immigrant from romania. host: have you always been a republican? caller: my father is a democrat. i converted my mother to republican. i have followed politics since 1992. i consider myself patriotic. host: how old are you? caller: 32. host: christopher voting for donald trump. this is from the wall street journal about marco rubio's campaign. they report that he did not open a miami office until mythical worry. he only recently inherited support from the gop establishment after former governor bush suspended his campaign last month. survey showed early voters favored him over mr. trump. his campaign is not airing a single television ad in florida, relying on outside groups. mr. bush is meeting with all of the non-trump candidates. mr. scott has praised mr. trump voter frustration -- frustration with the economy, he will not endorse anyone before tuesday's primary. marco rubio telling msnbc he regrets his tactics on going after donald trump. he said his children were embarrassed and if he had a chance to do it again, he would not do it. texas, good morning, how do you plan to vote -- and in texas, good morning, how do you plan to vote? i am planning to vote or donald trump. -- for donald trump. the reason is because i am a businessman. i have my own business. i own a small hotel chain. owns his own hotels. he is a great example for us americans, latinos as well as any other ethnicity in this country to follow. why not ted cruz, your senator? caller: i thought about that and i knew you were going to ask about that. hisreason why is because views tend to be a little too conservative. there is nothing wrong with conservative, it is just that he cup of tea.my host: it donald trump does not get the nomination, and it's senator ted cruz versus hillary clinton, what do you do? caller: say that again? ift: in a general election, it is not donald trump, let's say it is ted cruz versus hillary clinton, who do you vote for? caller: i would support the republican party, whoever it is. host: a businessman in texas, talking to hispanics only this morning. new york times, winner take all contest plea to give donald trump a lift, those of the states coming up. ted cruz, who trails by an facing a 462 is primary map of big state in the north and west that are demographically more favorable to donald trump. he seemed to embellish the difficulty before the convention, even if the race ,ecomes a two-man contest saying reagan and ford battled out in conventions and that is what they are for. that is if thou does not get to that number he needs to get the nomination for the republican party. i was washington, d.c., you are , washington, jose d.c., you are on the air. who are you voting for? caller: bernie sanders. the only one that does not have special interest groups. [inaudible] i worked for donald trump while i was in new york and at that -- , i was a legal because i actually met but you cannot vote for him because he has donated a lot of money to [indiscernible] and i kind of don't like that. and that is what i am voting for bernie sanders. i just came a citizen two years ago. and washington, d.c. another issue that came up. when hillary clinton with secretary of state, she was her e-mail impact server could have a running for president. [video clip] clinton: it was not the best choice. it was not in any way disallowed . as i said and has now come out, my predecessors did the same thing. and many other people in the government, i did not send or classified marked e-mails at the time. when you are talking about is retroactive classification. the reason that happened, if somebody asks, or if you are asked, i asked all my e-mails to be public. i'm not exactly who concluded, but they decided some should retroactively be classified. they just did the same thing to former secretary colonel powell. they said they are going to e-mailsively classified he sent personally. i think he is right when he said this is an absurdity. i think what we have got here is the case of overclassification. concerned about it, or read about it, and no democrats or americans should be either. [applause] there was no permission to be asked. it was done by my predecessors and permitted. i did not have to ask anyone. -- if you have been indicted -- in like hillary clinton: i am not even answering that question. host: hillary clinton asked if she was indicted whether or not she would drop out. republican national committee on wednesday filed two lawsuits seeking access to hillary clinton's messages. a new chapter in the legal saga over her decision to use a personal e-mail server while secretary of state. this would seek access to a wide for idea records and it is the most direct legal challenges that by republican party officials seeking access to the records from the government. the litigation could give republican party operatives access to stockpile of government records generated by mrs. clinton and her aides covering -- going into a hotly contested general election campaign. say about the to claim you just heard from secretary of state in the debate last night. she says that when -- he writes -- glenn clinton was secretary of state, there were not already in place state department rolls on how to handle e-mails and whether to use a personal e-mail account. well clinton says our predecessors did the same thing, none had set up an exclusive and private e-mail server or their departmental communications. host: must ensure that federal received on such systems are preserved in the appropriate agency recordkeeping system. host: that is in the papers this morning. hispanicsking with only this morning. how do you plan to vote. we will get to more calls, but we want to tell you about live today at 2:00 p.m. eastern time on c-span and c-span radio and at the ronald reagan presidential library right now and she will lie in repose. c-span will have coverage of the former first lady's funeral this friday. it will be at 2:00 p.m. and we will re-air that at 8:00 p.m. that evening. to show you this picture from the "new york times" this morning. take a look at ventura county firefighters. former first lady who died on sunday 94 is honored with three days of mourning and she will be buried on friday beside her husband. back to your calls, lori in indianapolis. good morning. how do you plan to vote? caller: buenos dias. i am a registered republican. professor whoa teaches children with cancer, so we were highly educated. i do not plan to vote for mr. trump. i do not plan to vote for any of the republicans. in fact, i am probably going to vote for mrs. clinton. host: tell us why you plan to vote for her. caller: this country has the best in the world. this country has the worst in the world. of all ofon right now the folks who have been speaking with us or yelling at us is the one that has the record. reality wouldy in not have been my pick to run the country. i think we have had enough bush and clinton, however, when i hear the hatred, the division, the disparity of these republican men and women that get up on stage and start yelling at themselves and the other ones and talk about [indiscernible] how will that help us? host: take a look at this headline we were showing -- clinton has a big edge in the match up with trump. she leads 51% and has met steady progress against the potential rival. her margin has increased from three points in september to six points in december to the current nine points. clinton garners about the same low percentage of voters as obama did, but trump received the same share as romney. host: the survey also highlighted the significant generational difference. trump and clinton are verses of we tied among age 40 and older, but those under 40, favor clinton by a two to one margin. on the economy, terrorism, immigration and international crises, clinton has rated better by americans on each one by varying margins. in arizona, good morning. you are on the air. how do you plan to vote? caller: i republican and going to vote for john kasich. host: why do you like john kasich? edller: i listen to him talk at the rally and on other channels, and he is telling us what is going on with america. as americans, we need to make an effort to get involved from the ground up to the federal government. percent raise in, i have listened to three cable channels , your channel, and there is a lot of noise between the modern leaders and the debates and everything else. gentleman.s a good he is trying to make america white again and it ain't going to happen because look at the republican party, rubio, cruz, mr. carson and other people within the party. it has changed. it is changing and there's nothing that can be done. this same thing goes for the democratic party. i will give you stories real quick. host: we only have a few minutes. caller: i understand. i will make it short. ands born in louisiana moved to texas. my father spent 21 years in the army, i spent 20 years in the air force. i was told as a young child that i came from mexico are my family was descended from mexico. theyty, for some reason, try to put hispanic, latino into one pot like they did for the blacks and that is the problem with america, the lack of simulation within the country. -- how ihy i feel feel. page of, on the front the plain dealer out of ohio, it says the governor is not gaining on trump and clinton maintains a lead over sanders heading into that contest this tuesday. fight forral donors the latino vote. they will have a new $15 million campaign to help latinos and other immigrants, hoping to challenge the political rhetoric republicansump and go into a surge of votes for democratic candidates in november. host: as this article references, they changing demographic and population in this country is what we are going to be digging into next. from republican groups that came together to do the report showed the impact of the changing demographic and population in the country and what it will have on the 2016 race and beyond. let's get more calls before that conversation. yolanda in ohio. go ahead. you are on the air. caller: good morning. yes, i hear you. host: who are you supporting? caller: senator cruz. host: why? christian and i have been a republican for a long time. i am a third-generation hispanic . my parents came up from mexico hemy grandparents did, but stands for all the values i stand for. i do not trust donald trump at all. againstasich, i am common core in ohio. , good morning. what state are you in? new york? is that right? joe, new york, you are on the air. iller: ok, all i can say is became a u.s. citizen and served 20 years with the new york city police department and i have no donald trump since 1985. the is definitely a doer. people he surrounds himself with our positive and they had done a lot for this date and for business. of trouble int this country. the only chance we have is a leader who speaks the truth, supports our military, and supports, most importantly, our law enforcement. host: ok, joe. supporting donald trump. the couple problems for you. in the "wall street journal," the polls trump has not won and he goes to the contest general election matchups between hillary clinton and donald trump, showing that he would lose in the key states. they say that mr. trump suggest those numbers will improve when he attacks mrs. clinton, but neither have democrats attacked him. they will plumb all him -- they will, him -- these things may not matter to mr. terms diehard republican supporters, but they will matter to swing voters in the general election. rove writes.karl also, ben carson, he is writing a piece today in "the washington he questions republicans dumping trump. he writes about how they should react to donald trump. armando in new york. good morning to you. how do you plan to vote? caller: i am either voting for hillary, bernie or kasich. host: ok. caller: that is correct. and the reason is that donald the samehetoric is rhetoric. tens came with when they said to indians, we are not civilized. take a look at spot resolution, abraham lincoln, mexico, how they ripped mexico up. mexicans are indigenous people with boots on the land. they are not people from cuba, they were born here, they are cherokee, any other indian, and they should not be having to deal with this idea of being illegal. illegal is a term. it was used the same way. since said indians were savages -- it was used the same way as when indians were savages. lookd trump makes them like they are stupid, rapists, to watchou need is these latinos who beat m.i.t. anyway, this rhetoric is stupid and people that are latino, they are going into all they have to do is look at commercial spirit every commercial you take a look at does not even have latinos. that is help corporate world is. host: i have got to leave it there. thank you for all the calls. we will take a short break. when we come back, we invite everybody to talk about our next conversation. we will be talking to ruy bowman aboutkarlyn the report they worked on about how changing demographics may impact this year's election and beyond. of npr willn kodjak be here to break down each of the front runners plans for 2016, including donald trump's plan. ♪ >> i could be sappy for a second to be able to have professional and personal partnerships over more than 15 years is an unusual thing. >> susan's temperament and great vision in terms of editing is something i do not have and have never spent time on. i stuck very closely to the front side of the equation. andn "q&a, susan glasser are married,who join us to talk about their careers and their upcoming plans to move to israel. >> it will be a big adventure. susan and i have done overseas together before, but we have never spent any time in israel, and we are looking forward to learning a lot. i think it will be a real adventure. it is part of the world with so much history and a vital part of today's issues. we have never actually lived there on the ground, so we are looking forward to it. >> i will basically be changing roles and continuing at "political" in a roll around helping our editorial and innovation to expand in the united states and internationally. we are looking at creating and launching new things. i came to "political" to start the magazine about 2.5 years ago. it has been a really big, exciting new platform to take us into the world of ideas. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span's "q and a." c-span today at 2:00 p.m. eastern for the funeral service of former first lady lady nancy reagan at the ronald reagan presidential library in simi valley, california. first lady michelle obama, former president george w. bush and laura bush are among the dignitaries. mrs. reagan will be buried next to her husband at the library. live coverage on c-span, c-span radio and www.c-span.org. >> "washington journal" continues. host: we are back to talk about the new report of the changing demographics and population in the country. on 2016effect it has and future elections. here for the discussion, ruy teixeira the senior fellow for american progress, and karlyn bowman. bowman, let me begin with you. why did the two of view, and others, come together? guest: we have been working on changing demography for eight years or nine years and this is the second major cooperation. we are also working with the brookings institution and we are interested in numbers and how the population is changing. and how it has a powerful affect. host: you have two different philosophies. guest: we do. togethers brings you and you come up with the same end results? came up with the same end results and agreed on the facts, which is the motivation of the project. we know that the united states is changing dramatically with population, as it has done in the past and how it will do in the future, and we thought it would useful across the political spectrum to nail down and get the best estimates possible. so much change has taken place and how much we are likely to see in the future. for example, we look at the andging race, ethnics, age dissolution in every state for the year 2015. we took those and walked them into different assumptions about support levels, turnout from the parties, and their implications about how changing demographics will shape you to elections. that is something to be cognizant of and think about in terms of political strategy. host: let's start with population. how is it changing question mark -- how is it changing? guest: in so many ways. if you look at what is happening with the asian population, growing very quickly, the large hispanic population growing strongly in the big part of the growth in the hispanic population coming from people born in the united states, citizens, people voting, so that will have a significant effect. we looked at the african-american conversation, the slow-growing population, and one that could be extremely important to hillary. we are also looking at the white population in terms of voting population. 1972,han 90% of whites in the electorate was 90% white, and now it is 72% white, so a big change. host: let's stick on that and talk about the white vote versus the nonwhite vote because we are seeing that being played out right now in this primary process. quite codersible -- white voters are there compared to nonwhite voters? guest: in terms of eligible voters, our election for this 2016 cycle -- the percent of minority voters is 30% in the percent of white eligible voters is 69%. because turnout patterns estimate that whites will be somewhat overrepresented in the voting pool and our guess is more around 71% of actual voters who will be white and 29% as minorities. this represents a to point to climb in the white eligible voters and has increased the minority share of voters. that has been the way things have gone steadily for the last several decades. we expected to continue in the future. host: you do expect record turnouts in the republican primaries and donald trump's claim -- i am getting people who have never voted before to get out to vote. guest: certainly the turnout in the republican primary and it will be interesting to see that continues through the election. we do not know who he is bringing in to the election. there have been interesting stories on who he has brought to the polls, working white class -- working-class white voters but that remains to be seen. host: what do you make of this? guest: we don't really know how to interpret this. there is a certain amount of enthusiasm. say. really hard to i am personally skeptical we will see a huge spike in white turnout because of this in the november election. we certainly may see something increase in the minority turnout as well because globalization -- because globalization bites counter mobilization -- mobilization counters counter mobilization. it has very little effect at the margin and you could keep on going in the direction i was alluding to. i certainly think that is the scenario that donald trump may dream about at night. [laughter] guest: huge outpouring of conservative and white support. they increase their support level among the voters, but in the end, it sweeps the upper midwest and takes florida and a few other states. host: would that be the reality? true andream came minority voter turnout remained , if the%, i mean majority of white voters in this country turned out, what might happen? guest: that would probably boost the gop candidate at this point. i expect -- i don't know whether that will be donald trump or what counter mobilization there would be, but that is a good thing if there is turnout at all. there is a debate about if there were a lot of white voters staying home. this is a debate whether it is not seem to be a perfect answer but something we will watch. host: still ahead. guest: i wanted to say in the report, one of the areas we deal with has a great amount of or shows howt is things can change despite demographics. if you increase the white support for the republicans by four points or five points, under this scenario and keeping voters in the minority turnout level, may not only increase the could seatut but you of substantial republican victory in the popular vote. host: is this one of the six scenarios? i can show this white utah. that is the result in this map? guest: correct. host: anything to add? guest: no. host: what about the other scenarios? guest: the first three key off previous election results. the turnout in support patterns like obama's victory in 2012, one scenario, b is about the 2008 pattern forward and c is to republicans, it the turnout and support patterns from the 2004 scenario. d is the maximum minority turnout scenario. host: what happens in d? guest: it amplifies the 2008 forward result and does not change the electoral college at all much. not enoughge it but to give the republicans the 2016 election. this is where we increased the margin or decrease the deficit for the republicans among latinos the nations by 15 points, so big success among minorities. that puts florida in the scenario but nothing else. and just talking about where we have increased whites where we have moved the needle. one thing i should add is that people say, those are just six scenarios. there are probably hundreds more that would have different results, different ways in the 2016 election. they are right, and we have an interactive available on the website that allows you to adjust that. you can set, for example, you think white turnout could spike by seven points and minority turnout the same, you could put that scenario in our interactive website to see what the results are. one's imagination can run wild. host: we are showing our viewers the report on your website. we should point out -- guest: we should point out that these are predictions. candidates and issues matter and people change, so these are simulations. host: what is your message to both parties? if you look at the election and beyond. guest: they need to be aware of demographic changes, of how the electorate is changing, not just for election but in terms of policy. thosealso thinking about terms and that was part of the project. to the labddition simulation commission, we looked at areas in the workforce, the ,amily, the social contract leaving progressive and leading conservative in each areas where they talk about how the united states will change over time to the graphically, given the way it works with compositional change, voter population, and what does that mean for parties and what they need to do and program different perspectives to look like? defense,he general they have to pay attention to it, but i think a lot of people also think that there is something intrinsic in isolation support in terms of possible contradictions between the future population and the way in which the politics of this might work out. are a lot ofthere white voters who will be an important part of the population in the voting population, particularly going forward, who may not impact want to support the kinds of programs that might be very important to latino youngsters, even though latinos will be an increasingly important part of the workforce. there are all kinds of moving parts that parties have to think about in a policy sense and in a political sense as well. moving parts of these coalitions to remainy can afford the way they are today and change nothing. i think that is the challenge for both parties. they have to change with the population and i think that is how parties have a time turning and going forward. we are saying, maybe consider that. guest: and older voters are more white at this point and they are going to be increasingly brown as we go forward, and that is something we have been thinking about, so that may change the political dynamic. host: here is something from pew, millennials make up a larger share of latino voters and other groups in 2016. guest: 44%, absolutely. and havere very young become increasingly so over time, therefore, the latino voting population is still young smallrnout is quite one of theoung, so only ways to overcome it is by increasing globalization among younger voters because it is important in the population. it is a challenge for the democrats. host: i want to show this to you guys and get your reaction. we should viewers earlier. george soros and others trying to mobilize the latino vote to help democrats. liberal voters to fronts, this would be the largest ever. $15 million in key states where they are seeing the latino population growth, colorado, florida, nevada, a large growing latino and asian population. isst: this is something that a great deal of interest and concern for people on the left side of the spectrum, in and around the democratic party. it is not exactly a state secret that on the one hand, the group is sort of sympathetic to the democrats and their growing rapidly, and on the other hand, they have a low turnout. that is a problem. it is like the holy grail. if we can just get all those orple to come out and vote people with the turnout of other groups, we would do a lot better, especially at the state level in congressional races. that is true. i think it is privy to, but on the other hand, one of our simulations show that in the short run, equalizing latino and asian turnout with white turnout would really change the presidential election but just amplify it. at the margin, it is quite important, but it would not be a total game changer. the political system is so complex and there are so many other things going on, and the influence of the white population remains large. guest: globalization is hard, particularly for young people. they are not reliable voters, but i think it is important to remember that minority millennials will vote democratic, but white millennials voted republican, including the women, which was quite a surprise. host: let's get to calls. connie in new jersey. democrat, you are up first. mr.er: my question is for teixeira. last nameng that your is from portugal or [indiscernible] [laughter] caller: now, my question to you is this -- when you called latinos, you are implying you are live in. asian -- i amite, 75 years old and i don't know who i am no more. map, there areat a bunch of people, races, nationalities. could you explain to me where you get that from? guest: i am a portuguese extraction, so that is where my father's family was from. they were from southeast and north of article. -- of portugal. in terms of the issue of how do we know or what is it even mean to say someone is latino, perhaps, that is an unsatisfactory but to answer to that is that anyone who says in a survey that they are hispanic or hispanic descent, and they are assigned to latino. typically, that means part of their family came from central america, south america, mexico, what have you, and that is really all it means. that at this point, typically, the way it is asked in the race question is that it allows you to identify or suppress whites, blacks, asians and there is another question asking if you are hispanic. they may change the question on the senses so that hispanic is included in the race question itself. we think those results will be equivalent to what we are theing, but that is just acutest way of saying, you are what you say you are. --is a scientific concept this is not a scientific concept but a social one. guest: certainly something that ruy and that are interested in is intermarriage. that adds a layer of complexity to the statistics we have been talking about. host: that is the conversation this morning, the different population, the changing population in demographics in the country. ruy teixeira and karlyn bowman working on a report without the groups about the impact it has on the presidential election. let's throughout this -- this is the racial composition of eligible voters from 2012, and you can see that the greatest the white votes, the lighter gray is the black boat and the hispanic, asian and other. you can see how it has grown since 2000 and or it is headed in 2016 and beyond. host: kb in texas, republican. good morning. caller: yes, the problem i have with all of this is that i come from way back and my family was involved with the civil war. we fought each other in the civil war. some of my relatives fight against each other and killed each other. there is black in my family to start with. all my grandchildren are hispanic, and am a great grandchildren are hispanic, and i disagree with the lady when she says the hispanic vote is going to go mostly democratic. not in texas they are not. andte the way that race religion are brought into the elections because it does nothing but harm our security and our peace in our families in this country. it has done it for a long time and it needs to not be there. i don't think that that should be reported. people who have lived here and who have not done anything wrong in the country, i have a right to stay here. i think that they deserve to be here legally. host: ok, karlyn bowman? guest: nationally, democrats have won the hispanic folk, but you are correct. in texas, republicans have done well among hispanics and that is important. hispanics have not had the same distinctive experience historically that african-americans have had. that is a monolithic vote with over 80% democratic for a long time. it is hard to know how hispanics will be voting this generation or the next, but they have cast the first two votes nationally for president obama. inst: according to estimates 2012 of the latino population, texas was one of the more republican latino populations. theas 58-40 in texas but national level was 71-27, so there is less democratic leaning in some statewide offices, but they still tend to be democratic. i agree with the caller entirely that one cannot assume that this population will always be reelection,ith the the coming election, and it just depends on the candidates and what they are saying. the candidates with mr. trump on the republican side, i think one could reasonably save the latino population will either be just as democratic in 2012 or more so. host: we heard from hispanic users only before you joined at the table, and we did hear from hispanic voters who are supporting donald trump. , as well as inm florida and texas, and then i ask, why not your home state senator? they just liked donald trump's message. it seems to be resonating across different parties in demographics. guest: as we said, candidates and issues matter. i think donald trump's campaign to make america great again is something that resonates with many boaters. host: let's go to maryland. democrat. caller: good morning. i do not care how many scenarios you come up with. america is browning. that is why the republicans are doing everything they can to keep minorities from voting with the voter id laws, voter registration restrictions, etc. what americans have to do is go to their interest. it is really important to them. white america is upset. they have been voting for republicans all this time, and now they are feeling let down. nothing is being done for them, only for the top 1% or whatever. the way we can vote for interests is to vote in the midterms. president, all you can do is proposed, congress is the one that pushes things through, and the president only signs. host: i want to pick up on something you said with who is voting, the white voters and nonwhites. white males propel trump and sanders and they were angry in michigan and trade was a big issue for that. ruy teixeira? guest: absolutely true. mentioned the browning of america, well, the inverse of that is the less whitening of america. you combine that with the economic problems that have affected white noncollege voters a the country and there is recipe for resentment, for feeling that even if the country is changing in the demographic ways, the economic status has slipped and economic ability has been stymied, and they are ticked off. the only thing obvious to them, particularly in their states, is that as we proceed with the policies we have in terms of globalization, one can argue about globalization and if it is good or bad, but it has had an effect on manufacturing jobs that are important in a lot of the states. it connects to that feeling that the caller mentions that our are fine forcies the people at the top, but it really ticks me off. white men particularly [indiscernible] host: i want to show another headline from today's financial times. trump draws white working-class away from democratic allegiance. any americans now feel trump represents them and these are democratic and democratic-meaning independents that mr. trump is doing well with. guest: one of the most fascinating statistics in the exit poll for michigan was the 59% of democrats said they felt trade caused the loss of jobs. they voted for trump and sanders, so you are seeing something real in michigan. i think it is proven correct, particularly after the 2008 financial crash, that people feel they are falling behind. perhaps, a part a lot of new voters, white working-class voters into the electorate. it is hard to know at this point. host: if we look at the primary andndar, donald trump bernie sanders could do well in these other midwest states coming up. host: they certainly could. it is less -- guest: they certainly could. it is less clear to me if sanders will do as well in the other states. with the exception of ohio because of the home state advantage that kasich has, but i think more broadly than that, not only will these kinds of feelings for public sanders and trump into the respective candidacies, but i think it will shape to some extent the date of the general election. i think it is easy sometimes for these issues to be shoved under the table and say, well, things will work out in the long run, but people do not live in the long run, they live in the short run. they are ticked off and they want someone to a knowledge their problems and even better, do something about it. i think the stability of democratic or republican parties is decreasing at this point. host: incentive go, independent -- in san diego, independent. welcome. caller: i think what we are talking about is the fabric of america. have been getting tidbits from c-span, not watching every morning, of course, it is crazy waking up this early to watch that show what i do know some who do so. i did watch one tidbit where approximately 59 million immigrants have come to the united states. the vast majority of these immigrants, if i can use immigrant, come from socialist or socialism governments across the whole spectrum of the world. they are supposed to come here but it does not appear they are assimilating. it appears as though the every socialist ideas with them. this idea is part of the problem as far as the united states is concerned. when we go back to what you just read earlier this morning about person iros, who is a do not respect, he is trying to change america in his own liking. american the stanford progress is a political extension on george soros. let's remember, i looked up george soros on wikipedia and he is one of the gentleman that effectively, back in 1972, caused the greatest problem in great britain. in american, not a white american, brown american, i am an all the american -- olive american and part of that tells me i am in between t he two factions trying to control this country. populationgrant continues to grow, the united states will be driven into and at this -- an abyss because there's no way of doing a 50-50 voting block in this country. you cannot stop it, but when it comes to immigration, i remember back in the days of george bush where we had e-verify, and e-verify was very effective, but nobody wants to talk about that. talk about building fences, modes, whatever you want to do, but i was -- but it was very effective. host: i have to get it of calls, so i will have to leave it there. ruy teixeira, any thoughts? guest: sal, i cannot say i agree with what sal is saying, but i think it is interesting in that it represents a lot of the views of white americans about immigration patterns and what they really mean. i think we can leave aside this claim that these people are all socialists are come from socialist countries and that is demonstrably not true. also, the claim that i am upon of george soros, not that i have anything against george soros, but he is someone i am directly connected to and we have worked for american progress, but the topicat aside, about immigration and people not assimilating into the united states and causing this social cataclysm, i guess i do not see the evidence. i think they are assimilating. they are mostly here to work, make money, sort of help out their families. an area with a lot of latinos and they seem fine to me and they seem like they assimilate. the american dream -- you come to a place and you try to do better, have mobility, help your family, and you try to be a big community member. that is true in the native population as well, so i do think this is something that people feel. they feel that their country is no longer theirs. there are all these people they don't recognize or feel a connection to who are making their country into something they do not recognize any more and i think that is what mr. trump is getting at. it is kind of like, we have let our country get away from us and the more we let the people come in, the worse it will be. it is a placeholder for other social problems. i understand where the caller comes from. host: let me give you allen next in new york. a republican. caller: hi. host: question or comment? caller: question. turn downhave got to your television. if you're listening to the television, you will get feedback. rich in missouri. independent caller. good morning. caller: good morning. host: hi, rich. caller: this is fritz. host: go ahead. caller: just a comment. watch c-span all the time. i am retired now, but it seems ,o me that the idea of america every time you turn on the tv, they are talking race and it seems like to me, it should be against the law for any toernment office or official ask a person's race if we are all created equal and we are all americans. host: those are his thoughts. why don't i give you this, a tweet from smiley who asked -- republicans lost the minority vote is for another general election, for another generation, excuse me, especially after this election. been raising have that issue and it remains to be seen. you had a number of callers earlier who were hispanic and for trump. it does not appear he will have that much support among the hispanic population going forward, but that said, i think we have to be careful about projecting things that for a generation. we have all been surprised by what we have seen in the election and relating to the candidates. clearly, they have made roads into the population and they need to start [indiscernible] host: we will go to beverly in michigan. democrat. beverly james in michigan. host: go ahead. caller: i am a democrat, but i remember [indiscernible] i don't remember where that senator was. host: we are listening. finish your thoughts. caller: they said 15 years ago, there was not enough white men in this country in order to win. i would like to know where senator packwood, what state he was in, and if anybody could sign that statement. the other thing i would like to category someey of the spanish and whites in the category an instead of asian? those of the two questions. host: ruy teixeira? guest: i think the second question has been true. a lot of latinos or hispanics and whites, it is true in the sense that they are literally two different questions. if you ask people what their race is, almost all latinos say they are wiped it given white, black, asian -- if they are given the choice, white, black, asian. so that is all true. packwood'stor statement about white man, i cannot identify that, what i think -- the issue about white election, they are declining as the share of potential voters, therefore, the weight in the electorate declines. also, it is mathematically the case that if you increase their support to your party, for example, the republicans with the countervailing force to the show the voters have, so it is possible to continue to ride the votes of white man to victory, particularly concerned states, but it becomes harder and not as common. host: it is possible this presidential cycle. guest: it is possible. host: that donald trump could win primarily with white voters. guest: that is one of our scenarios. guest: another thing, the white working-class is being carried by a substantial margin. believe barack obama lost by a few percentage points with the white working class. guest: 25. guest: ok, 25, so things could be interesting with the turnout. host: if there is a counter surge, like you said, what needs to happen with nonwhite voters? is thei think that trump increased white working -- has increased the white working voters and turn them out at a higher level. for would sort of be worked the white side of the equation -- nonwhite side of the equation, is that the overall percent, including all minorities, blacks, asians, and for the turnout when they roughly where it was in 2012 go up by only a percentage point. i think he could pull it out. there are scenarios. that -- al beaut is view is that he will not be a strong candidate, but it is possible. host: perhaps that is why you are seeing the effort by george soros and others to try to motivate latino voters to get out and vote in the general election. in michigan, republican, go ahead. make a i would like to comment about super pac's. they come up with a lot of money of spending and outright to see 10% or 20% given to soup kitchens. they are not helping out the people at all. it is a washout. nothing has trickle down to any of us. aroundeds to be switched immediately, if not soon. host: how old are you and what do you do for living question mark -- living? caller: i do construction and i'm off the grid. do you understand? host: yes. are you going to vote? .aller: you bet your butt i have about five or six people to vote. do not underestimate this train. pac's, they do not show anything toward the people. host: that is part of the appeal for donald trump, he is not the intended by special interests. americansolutely, and do not mind if they spend their own money in politics. they do not like super pac's overall, but the super pac for jeb bush had not been successful at all. host: allison in maryland. independent. caller: good morning. i wanted to call. i am hispanic, puerto this-mexican ascent -- end, and i wanted to give a positive view. i disagree with the previous caller that must hispanics and latinos have a socialist view and do not assimilate very well in this country. i think with the first generation when the parents come and and that they have second generational kids that go to american high schools, they do assimilate. a perfect -- i am a perfect example of that. i am college educated, served in the reserves, have a very well -paying job, so there is a positive side to the immigrant issue. i think people tend to paint it as a negative thing that they typically come and take lower paying jobs or do not assimilate. host: great to share. guest: i definitely agree with the caller. that is a more accurate characterization of immigrants and general latino immigrants. in particular, one interesting thing to think about in this context of who is the immigrant, it is not the case that the people who most present immigrants tend to be those who live in areas that have immigrants, it is actually the reverse. they are people who attend to live in areas where immigration is relatively small or they are just showing up in their towns. in cosmopolitan, metropolitan areas where there is a large immigrant population, and there population,dense they tend to be pretty positive about immigration because they thatit and see it is not bad. people are just trying to make a living, help the families, the american dream, all of that, and they are not criminals. they are very hard-working. the patterns of assimilation are different and generational patterns are different. heritage may be republican in the first but democratic in the second and third. whereas, people from latin america may have different political views overall, but their children and grandchildren tend to speaking with us, speaking well and integrate themselves into the society. host: did you see that change you are talking about in cuban americans injured george w. bush 's election and then it played out in 2008 that that second-generation leaned democrat? guest: that is an we began to see it. absolutely. host: the second to new in 2016? guest: it may. it depends on how attractive the candidate is. guest: it is hard to say that it is possible for it if it is ted cruz, for example, cuban-americans might sort of drift toward the democrats and cuban-americans may if it is donald trump, i would be skeptical that we would not move -- and a to continued move of cuban-americans to democrats. host: washington. independent. i was born in a hostile country and he's talking about assimilation. black people in atlanta assimilate, period. i went to an all-black school. separate and not equal and they are talking about assimilation? this guy is italian. did he go to a white school or black school? you talk about neocon conservatives, that is the biggest con going around. thank you and you will have a great day. -- you all have a great day. , ruy teixeira?ks guest: if you look at the african-american population in the united states, even though obviously everybody speaks english and most of them have been here for quite a long time, , there conditions in life make them feel like they are not assimilated economically and socially. there is told this termination in terms of their economic prospects. the education in certain areas can be dreadful. host: how does that play out in voter participation? guest: in younger african americans, they are not democratic, they are independent. what has been significant about the last two elections is that in 2008 mother the rate of voting by younger african-americans was equal to the rate of older african-americans. in 2012, african-americans voted at a higher rate than white voting. guest: it is not true in congressional elections yet. it is true in a large number of states, this has been the case the last one or two elections. host: on the democratic side, you are seeing a big turnout make a difference for hillary clinton. this that continue in a general election? guest: there's a lot of debate about this. obviously, blacks lean heavily democratic. someone like trump or cruz would be an unattractive and it for them -- candidate for them. hillary is not black. even though they might support hillary, will they turn out for her at the level they did for barack? by and large, they probably will -- we might see a slight decline in turnout, but i don't think it will be a large one. we will see similar performance. singhthe white house in obama will not endorse a candidate. they've been going back and forth at the white house but josh earnest singh yesterday that he will not. guest: hillary clinton could experience a little erosion. she's working hard to shore up the african american vote. host: wilson in columbia, mississippi. democrats line. go ahead. my name is wilson mcgee. black people have been trying to assimilate ever since we've been in this country. every time we try to move , the othermilate side starts doing things to us. this has been going on for almost 300 years. we come in and they see us as being on the other side. losers in this society. the only thing we've been trying to do is become a part of it. host: which of these democrat or republican candidates do you feel could help with the process? caller: my grandfather was a republican. my grandfather was a republican. the blacks did not leave the republican party. the republican party left us. they didn't need blacks in their party. they would not tell them where the meetings were at. they did not want us. then, they get mad because we moved to the other side. host: historical context there. ruy teixeira? for a fact that the black population has not always been democratic. it was quite republican. the republicans freed the slaves. abraham lincoln was a republican. the democrats were associated with jim crow and so on in the south for so many years. things started to turn a bit in the new deal when blacks started moving to the democratic party, particularly in the north. a complete realignment started in the 1960's when the civil --hts law and other reforms that's a reasonable case the republican party left the black population, as the caller says. they did not just decide to pack up and leave. we are where we are now. a lot of blacks like the caller feel the country has still failed them in terms of economic and social integration. they will vote for the party that kamal be at an perfect might better represent their hat, whiles -- t , might better represent their aspirations. younger blacks feel their situation has not improved much. there is so much more that needs to be done. the democrats seem to be on the right side. in the end, people live in the real world, not the world of rhetoric. host: monticello, minnesota. diane is a republican there. good morning to you. jeremy in kansas. independent. the morning. i was just going to say, in terms of population changes and election results, there's nothing quite like dumping a communitylis on -- ending up with al franken as .he deciding vote on responsible immigration, that's how we got einstein and some of the smartest minds in history. immigrants vote eight out of 10 for democrats. host: let's check your figure. karlyn bowman, is that correct? guest: it is certainly true that americans have always been of two minds about immigration. they clearly want to help. europe,ation in children's bodies washing ashore, they want to help, but the concerns we've been discussing that many americans have about the fast pace of change in the country are also affecting them. that is what we see in the attitudinal data. when you're in a prominent situation like people coming from syria and somalia, that's a visual representation of the fact that we've helped for so long but there are problems associated with it. host: tom in pennsylvania. democrat. caller: lifelong democrat. i was thoroughly disgusted watching the debate last night. if i have any more white privilege, i will be in bankruptcy. in, free drivers license, free this, free that -- that's not what we want. democrats need me. i'm in pennsylvania. -- are losing me with this you give the undocumented worker a license. accident,nto a car insurance, go to the hospital -- it isy would come and say ok, but it will be responsible, it will be done in the right way , not just this give, give, give -- if it comes down to hillary and trump, i don't know what i'm going to do. it's not because i'm a racist. like i said, where's the order? you have people knocking down towers on 911 and a been on expired visas for six months. let's get control. guest: did you vote for obama in 2012? hostcaller: i've never voted republican in my life. you are losing me. oscars andwatch the i felt guilty watching the oscars. what did i do? except work two jobs. we want order. that's all. guest: i don't particularly agree with the caller's views on the immigration issue, but you and in capsule a lot of what we've talked about in terms of how these issues might play out in 2016. there are a lot of people out there who feel like the caller does who aren't people who always would vote republican ticked they are just off now, so they like trump. because of this issue and because of the kind of candidate trump is, they will switch their vote. that could have a real effect. guest: he was talking about immigration. there is trade. host: perhaps if it is hillary clinton versus donald trump, you have some white voters who say she called the tbp the gold standard and he is saying it he will rip it up. guest: that could be a big issue in this campaign. caller'sding to the point, every nation wants to have control of its borders. many americans think that is not the case these days. having an immigration policy that works for everyone is really important. i can understand where the caller is coming from in terms of his concerns. host: she called it the gold standard while secretary of state and now says she opposes it. ryan in woodbridge, virginia. independent. caller: independent, yes. i worked construction in the early 1980's. we had a union and reagan destroyed our union along with the air traffic controllers. only 10% of the workforce was immigrant. 90% was american citizens. they brought illegal immigrants onto the job sites through immigration services, they disappeared a week and then said they would be back. there was a deliberate effort not to enforce immigration laws so they could get cheap labor to help destroy our unions. now, fast forward to the future, 90% of the construction industry is undocumented. withcan solve that problem e-verify. if it was mandatory for all business owners to use e-verify to identify counterfeit documents, you would not need to build a wall. host: this tweet from lynn -- do we know if there's more of one or the other? guest: there are more registered democrats than republicans. if you look at a more broad measure like party identification come in the service, we ask people if you support democrats or republicans , which party you lean towards, regularly show an eight point lead on party identification. but we arey state, still living in a universe where democrats outnumber republicans. , if you look at the question of nbc news has been asking every month during this election season, would you vote for a democratic or republican presidential candidate, it has never been separated by 2%. very closely divided. host: in the end, what matters? guest: values, candidates, issues. guest: identification is very important. in the end, they have to feel they vote for represent their values and their views. two different visions about a country and where it needs to go and we will see what the voters decide. host: ruy teixeira and karlyn bowman, thank you for the conversation. we will take a break. when we come back, we turn our attention to health care. what are the candidates proposing? alison kodjak is a health care reporter with npr and we will talk about that, coming up. ♪ >> american history tv on c-span three this weekend. the saturday at six plug p.m., looks at the civil war and the dawn of the reconstruction era. -- 6:00 p.m. 1864,the summer of especially august of 18 to before -- that is a strangely specific date, i realize. let me see if i can make the case for you. as the beginning of the summer of 1864, no president of the united states had won a second term since andrew jackson. isn't that amazing? >> the congressional gold medal ceremony to recognize the contributions of foot soldiers of the civil rights movement. selmar 50 years ago, a preacher and educator, the president of the dallas county voters league invited reverend martin luther king, and the members of the southern christian leadership conference to lead selma's voting rights protest. this, the american people though the congressional gold foot upon the courageous soldiers who dared to margin than i can 65 voting rights movement. march in the 19 625 voting rights movement. -- 1965 voting rights movement. >> while i have conservative values, i am progressive with regard to my belief in the republican party being a lincoln party, party of black and white and blue color and white collar. -- blue-collar and white-collar. i'm up here defending the status quo. >> the 50th anniversary of the gemini eight manned space mission. early in the program, experts sit down and analyze the gemini flight. they know it is a three-day mission. its primary purposes include a rendezvous in space, the first docking in space and a two hour spacewalk. >> for the complete weekend schedule, go to www.c-span.org. >> "washington journal" continues. host: at our table this morning, alison kodjak is the health care reporter for npr come here to talk about what the candidates have proposed for health care. let's talk about donald trump's proposal. he will repeal the affordable care act. he will allow insurance to be sold across state lines, allow individuals to fully deduct premiums payments from tax returns and allow individuals to use health savings accounts. medicaid to states access toconsumers safe, imported drugs. guest: it is different than what we have now. it is a greatest his proposal for on what a lot of republicans have been looking for for a long time. the proposal to block grant medicaid has been something republicans in congress have wanted for a long time. if they get a fixed amount of money, they will have more incentive to save. in terms of the importation of drugs, that is more controversial. a lot of people think that would be a great idea. the pharmaceutical industry does not like it one bit. economists are mixed on whether that would save money or just drive up costs in other countries. the one thing that is interesting about trump's plan is how it is being received differently by conservatives. ,he tax credit or tax deduction it is a matter of how that is interpreted. he calls it a text adduction. if it is a refundable tax credit , you get a certain amount of money towards her health care premium, that is more equalizing and would allow lower income people to have money to buy insurance. the tax deduction only benefits high income people. host: what would be the reality of getting this passed through congress? guest: the one big roadblock no one is mentioning on the republican side is what happens to people who already have insurance through obamacare. there are people who bought exchanges,hrough the about 11 million of those. those people would have to figure out something else and no one has given an obvious what happens to those health-care plans. then, there is the expanded medicaid and the kids and young adults who have insurance through their parents. all that is part of the aca. that is the biggest barrier, i think. ideas are not so revolutionary that they could not be passed. host: the number of uninsured , potential fallout to repealing the affordable care act grows for republicans. there are a lot of people who want insurance and now have it. host: what is the impact of donald trump's plan on reducing the costs of health care? guest: that is a mixed bag. like ago to something health savings account where people have to comparison shop, perhaps people would be less likely to get an mri and settle for an x-ray. mother's debate about that because right now, people don't know what they pay or what things cost, largely their there ensures -- insurers get doctors to accept lower payments. the companies do not want the information out there. the retail prices for things are largely irrelevant. soundare ideas that would like good ideas but are much more complex me try to put them into play. host: the other republican candidates want to get rid of obamacare. what else would they do? guest: ted cruz has absolutely nothing on his website under the headline "health-care plan." marco rubio, the greatest hits, medicaid block grant, refundable tax credit. will put in place market forces to reduce health care costs. john kasich has a very different approach. he says he wants to repeal obamacare but wants to first put in place a lot of the system to reduce cost. a lot of those, he's doing in ohio, but he's doing them through programs funded by the affordable care act. host: we will get to the democrats in a minute. let's get to some calls. north carolina. independent. good morning. caller: good morning. is, what happens to the pre-existing condition clause? these people will have pre-existing conditions. what mechanism of care is there for them? havingurance companies to go and market their stuff in haveferent state, they junk policies that do not pay potential hospital bills. guest: the pre-existing condition issue is a major one. i have not seen it addressed in writing by the republican campuses. marco rubio does talk about ,reating high risk pools insurance pools and specifically for people with pre-existing conditions or risks. those would end up being more expensive. i'm assuming there would be some sort of subsidy for that. donald trump says we will keep the pre-existing conditions clause in place, but it's not in the written proposal. it is really hard to figure out. that's why there's a mandate to get people who are healthy to offset the costs of people with pre-existing conditions. republican economists propose saying anybody who has insurance should be able to continue having insurance even if they change policy. it would prevent people from getting sick and buying insurance. which is what drives up rates. host: sandra. democrat. caller: thank you for taking my call. host: you bet. caller: i would like to speak out on people that are retired. disability at the age of 60. i was self-employed from the age of 23. 30 years ago, i had renal failure, which bankrupt me. i was in the hospital for quite some time, over two months. my kidneys started to function again, by the grace of god. work and still was self-employed. .gain, i became sick i have stints in my leg, one kidney functioning with aortic bypass. i am unable to work. i am now 68, will be 69 this year. month, which45 a is barely enough to pay my electric, water bill and house payment, which is only $438 a month. it is a crying shame that i've that i cannot go out and even by myself in a clothing or what have you. host: are you on medicare? caller: i am on medicare and medicaid. bankrupt me -- the last operation i had was last august that waspatient, almost $50,000. i went in at 6:00 a.m. in the morning and was released at 10:00 that night. host: how much does the government pay? caller: they paid almost all of , itbut the thing of it is is not paying for all my medicine or what have you. host: alison kodjak? guest: that is a big issue these days. people are surprised at how much cost sharing there is on medicare. in the last several years, the amount that individuals have to put, pay out of their own pocket, even if they have good insurance, is pretty high and it is growing. we just did a story about this on npr and talked to somebody in a similar situation. she was on disability and medicaid and was bankrupt last year. we talked to people on medicare who are drowning under the co-pays and cost sharing have to deal with. is thelison kodjak health policy reporter for npr. this came up at last night's debate in florida between the two democrats. here is that exchange. [video clip] secretaryders: what clinton is saying is that the united states should continue to be the only major country on earth that does not guarantee health care to all of our people. if the rest of the world can do it, we can. not only are we being ripped off by the drug companies, we are spending far more per capita on health care than any other major country on earth. the americanhink people are prepared to stand up to the insurance companies or the drug companies. i think they are. [applause] clinton: this is a very important point in this debate. i do believe in universal coverage. i fought for it when he five years ago. i believe in it. -- 25 years ago. thanks to the affordable care act, we are now at 90% of universal coverage. i will build on the affordable care act, i will take it further, i will reduce the costs , but i respectfully disagree between the republicans trying to repeal the first chance we've ever had to get universal health care and senator sanders warning to throw us into a contentious debate over single-payer -- i think the smart approach is build on and protect the affordable care act, make it work, reduce costs. host: let's break down the two different proposals. where do they stand? is there that much difference between the two of them? guest: philosophically, there is not that much of a difference. everything bernie sanders said is factually correct. guarantee health care and do it at a cheaper rate. what hillary clinton is tried to do, she is tried to go evolutionary. is this isal reality not going to be able to happen and she is probably right. caree want to repeal obama and go back to where we were, she wants to at least preserve obamacare and move forward. they are both saying they want everybody covered, hillary clinton is taking the realistic view and bernie sanders is taking the very broad appealing view. host: one of the highlights of , she said i want to expand, get even more people covered. does she do that by expanding access to health care, supporting new incentives to encourage medicaid? is that how she builds on obamacare? guest: yes, she builds incrementally like that. there are a lot of people who are not eligible for obamacare because of their immigration status. half the states that did not expand medicaid, that was an enormous boon to people in those states who are low income. they are now eligible for free health care. if the rest of the state expanded, there would be a lot more low income people covered without any cost to them. to dobernie sanders wants the same thing in addition to creating a federally administered single-payer health care program. allow patients to visit any provider, no networks. wayne in hanover, pennsylvania. democrat. good morning. what do you make of these different proposals? -- ir: i tell you what don't know what it is with people who don't understand and i plead to these people, open their eyes and their ears. bernie sanders has the right idea. i don't want to hear about republicans. we are need to do is -- america, we need to have health care for all. it is very important. if we do not have health care for all, here's what's going to happen. people go in the hospital, we pay for it. we pay for this. host: can we afford health care for all? caller: sure. if we don't have health care for all, the ones that don't have it go into the hospital and the hospital will not turn them away. who pays for that? we all pay for it. what is the point in going through all this? , hypocritesompanies putting 5000% increase on the drugs. they ought to be shot. guest: i don't know if they ought to be shot, but he has a good point in terms of the high cost and rising cost. it is hard to overcome. when you talk about can we afford it -- right now, people are taking money out of their paychecks every two weeks to pay for their own health insurance. companies are spending 15% of their payroll on health insurance. i don't know if anybody has done the math. if you look at that spending and turning into a government program, bernie sanders says he can cover it with a 2.2% tax on individuals and a 6% tax on companies. that would create the equivalent --government-funded program people are spending a lot of money already. host: to the point about the cost of drugs, this is the washington post front page this morning. this is about the cancer in 2001, the list price was $26,000 a year. it went up to $120,000. the u.s. wholesale list price for a year supply of that little orange pill has soared to more than 120,000 does. it's one of those revolutionary drugs that really made a difference in adults with forms of leukemia. in the last several years, the price has gone up dramatically. lost its patent last month and a generic went into the market middle of a very. -- in the middle of february. a lot of companies start jacking up their price in hopes of making all the money they can before the drug goes off patent and faces competition. the price will start to fall again as these generic forms of the drug come to the market. host: johnny in houston, texas. independent. calling with concerns about the schools that in 1980 and 1990, they were very crooked. soy get loans from a bank or , a government loan or whatever it is. the schools like that, they close them down and they squeeze people into those schools and get you all into schools that can't get you into jobs or anything. they come back when he five years later -- 25 years later --ing to take you to court there was taking money from you for years. they went into default. now, they hunt you down for something funny five years ago and try to take you to court for something you could not afford can't afford it now. guest: i think he's talking about for-profit colleges. host: we are talking about health care this morning. marianne in herndon, virginia. republican. caller: good morning. thank you for taking my call. i'm glad you guys are talking about this. i've always wondered in these debates that nobody has talked about the pharmaceutical companies. how they've really abused their powers. get grants from the u.s. government to do their research. they are being funded by taxpayer money and yet, turn around and charge people extravagant prices on these drugs. their prices up when they realize the patent will be fading away. politicians should ask that from pharmaceutical companies. what is their bases for charging people behind cost of drugs. host: what is this congress doing about the script in drug costs and one of the candidates proposing? guest: there's been a lot of investigations and hearings, a dramatic number over the last several months, looking into why companies are raising the prices of their drugs and what is the justification behind it. for some, it is a lot of r&d. one of the things that a handful of members of congress was looking into is something called the reach in rule or something -- if a company has gotten a lot of its funding for basic research that leads to a drug from the federal government, the government can say we are taking away your patent protection or exclusive marketing. it has never happened before. there are members of congress, including the congressman from texas who are pushing for this right now. hammer and they've never used it. there are people talking about it pretty publicly right now. host: what does donald trump want to do? guest: he's looking for transparency in drug prices, which would be helpful. the retail prices are never really what people pay. hillary clinton is looking at removing the ability of these companies to deduct their marketing. and requiring that a certain percentage of their revenue goes back into r&d, which would reduce the amount they can make -- profit host: whatever goes to marketing, they can deduct off their taxes. guest: right. host: does marketing matter? guest: marketing matters quite a bit. they are marketing to doctors. in termsuite effective of going to doctors and spending money telling them how great their drug is. there is direct to consumer marketing. we all see the ads on tv. people go to the doctor and say, i want this drug. i don't want the generic version. i did not even know this was an illness but no i have that kind of pain and i want something for it. host: patricia. republican. you are next. caller: i've always had on my a wayor several years now that everybody in the united states could be covered with insurance. when you go to work and graduate from high school, when you go to work, you have to pay social security. why couldn't we have a situation would bery employee paying into medicare? from the time they started working on the way until they are 65. this money would go into their own account. if they got sick, they would be covered. there would not be this kind of worried that goes on all the time in this country. when i was 18, i came down with pneumonia and i had no insurance. if it had not been for my employer after three weeks of me myking continuing to pay for weekly allowance that i got at work, i would have been debt for -- in debt for many years. that is my idea and i wondered if anybody's ever talk about or even mentioned this. guest: they have come actually. -- they have, actually. you have a deduction for social security and separate deduction for medicare. it does not go into an individual account for you. it goes into the whole program. time in the 90's, they decided to break out a transparent percentage of your pay that goes to the medicare fund. that is not an individual account or insurance for your own health care. host: california. ken. democrat. welcome. caller: good discussion. i have a question here. i see a lot of these shows on tv -- why do we never hear about our neighbors to the north that have a health care system, single-payer health care system of north? they seem to be doing fine. our canadian smarter than us? or they don't have the same pressures from defense ,ontractors to spend trillions one billion dollars -- canada can do it. , coverage ofan3 the first official visit of the .ew prime minister of canada you can see the prime minister there along with the president. there will be an official dinner tonight. and several other events as the two will be talking about several different issues. i'm not sure if health care is on the agenda for today. don't you talky about the difference between the canadian system and american? guest: if you listen to bernie sanders's speech, you will hear about canada. they have a single-payer system. part of this whole reimportation of drugs debate is the same of medication sold in the u.s. are sold at a much lower price in canada. i don't know that they are smarter than we are. the united states, there is a large, probably half of the population that really believes in the free enterprise private system and not a large government system. to move to a single-payer health system, we would have to eliminate an entire industry and that is the medical insurance industry. there are a lot of people who don't want to do that. they think the government should not be that deeply involved in your health care. canada's system works very well. at least asple are healthy as americans and spend less per capita on health care. that is all true. we have a system in place that works and a lot of people in the industries have made their living's office system and there are people who want to -- host: brett in pennsylvania. independent. caller: thank you for taking my call. what i'm going to say has been mentioned by a few previous callers. if there are other advanced and functioning societies that are able to do it, we should be able to do it also. it is a human right, not a business opportunity or profit motive where stockholders are thought of before the people who need health care. a developed society needs health care. we also have come as individuals, a great responsibility to look after ourselves. if you are going to eat junk food and drink way too much soda and alcohol and smoke cigarettes, there's consequences to that. profit off ofthat those industries should be very, very heavily taxed so that that tax money can go to help the people who sicken themselves. host: joe. independent in mississippi. we should continue the affordable care act that obama has in place. , bute has a lot of ideas they are not going to pay for all this stuff. they will not pay for all this stuff bernie is talking about. hillary has a great plan. ,e should add on to that bill the affordable care act that obama has already enacted. guest: what he says about bernie's plan, it is unrealistic, perhaps. there is debate over how much it will cost. the numbers are just enormous. some say it is 25 chilean dollars more a year. he thinks he can cover it with those taxes. trillion more a year. host: connie in texas. independent. caller: i was curious if your "america's better pill." host: she hasn't. why do you ask? i go into youtube and listen to the interviews, it is very interesting. the affordable care act has done two things. available health care for more people but did not lower the costs because of the lobbyists from insurance companies going in and saying do not lower costs. there were things that happened during the affordable that preventede the government from being able to play hardball and negotiate with these company's. these -- with some of these companies. they depend on private company is to negotiate lower prices. companies toe lower prices. in illinois. independent. caller: i just want to enlighten some people -- i'm a 40 year insurance broker in central illinois. comment,eman made a bernie goes around making comments about single-payer and all that. part of the reason canadian system works as well as it does people in 70% of the canada live within 100 miles of the border of the united states. i've gone to the mayo clinic and had some treatments done. it is filled with canadians up there because the weight in ts ina -- the wai canada are long. they consider them to be, you can wait, they are routine. i agree, we have a lot of fat in the system. has beendable care act one of the biggest mistakes -- customers cannot stand it. it has been a medicaid system and everybody else gets to pay a lot more with horrible to dockable's. -- deductibles. host: alice, republican in tennessee. go ahead, alice. caller: i have friends in england, one friend found a lump on her breast. she went to the national insurance medical care and the period was nine months. luckily, they have money and they went private. doctor withinthe .wo weeks an i don't call that a good system. lines and other countries that have universal health care. guest: there's definitely evidence that people don't get the care immediately that they want or need in some other countries. i don't have statistics on this, , theenerally, overall research shows that the u.s. thanation is not healthier the populations of england or canada because of our greater spending on health care. that is not to say that this woman who had a lump in her breast and could not get a mammogram for nine months would -- i'me been worse off talking about the broad numbers showing that the population is not measurably healthier. host: suzanne in new york. democrat. i just have a comment about the canadian health care system real quick. i am from long island and my brother who was living in canada playing hockey that during a game discovered a massive lump and within 24 hours, it was out. the doctors in canada coordinated with the doctors in new york. there was no waiting. you may have to wait every once in a while if you need the surgery. -- knee surgery. there is a systemic way of doing andgs that if it is serious if this is a life-threatening situation, they will take you when you need to be taken. i've seen the treatment of his cancer in canada and in new york. the stress that you get from just dealing with the insurance companies in new york, and adds to the sickness. all caps get sick because of that stress. in canada, they take care of you. family gets sick because of that stress. --t: take a look at this map the u.s. stands alone among lackoped nations that universal health care. jim in tennessee. democrat. caller: i believe we should have single-payer. i don't know if your guest is familiar with a program called office of attending physician. this is something the congressmen and senators and the supreme court and other people have that working government. year for the a best health care on the planet. a littleome down with problem, they can go to the mayo clinic and spend months up there and not pay a dime. host: i want to have alison kodjak jump in. do they have better insurance coverage? guest: they did. had very good insurance. now, many of the congressional offices have insurance through the obamacare exchanges. members of the senate and members of the house may have better insurance, themselves, because of this office. many of the congressional offices now get insurance through the exchanges. host: john in springfield, illinois. independent. caller: isn't this sort of like abr whenened with the india eventually offer them for free and in retaliation, the big pharma companies came back and reinforced the patent laws? to the second point, between bernie sanders and hillary clinton, when clinton comes back to and says we don't want have this argument, i don't think there will be too much of an argument when bernie sanders wins and gets the money out of and legal bribery from the pharmaceuticals. it will be easier to pass legislation than hillary clinton is leading on to be. host: paul in pennsylvania. the public and. good morning. that republican. good morning. caller: i think a lot of these people are misinformed about prescription drug prices. host: and why? i worked for 35 years for a major pharmaceutical company. they have no idea what the costs are. a vaccine for hepatitis a come it takes 57 weeks to get it on the market. host: research and development and what goes into putting out these life-saving drugs. karen buchanan asks this on twitter -- guest: i wish i knew the answer to the second question. i do not. comef the issues is that also correlated to a lot of great drugs coming out -- one thing we all talk about with the in the present prescription drugs, they are rising but still cheaper than going to the hospital and receiving long-term care. you have high blood pressure and were consonantly dealing with hospitalization or any number of things rather than taking a blood pressure drug, your quality of life would be worse and shorter and that care is more expensive. there is a trade-off. we make these companies into balance, but there are some miller could -- miracle drugs out there doing wonders. one of the things with r&d, it does cost a lot to get a drug on the market. there's the studies you have to do and the application. we don't want drugs on the market that end up having crazy side effects and that has happened in the past. just several years ago, there with a widely used drug. we have to make sure the drugs are safe and will not cause other problems. the industry says it costs about $2 million to put a drug on the market. that is an average that includes all the failures. host: you via in lansing, michigan. democrat. caller: i'm wondering whether or not the affordable care act really made the drug costs go up. or, did the insurance companies because they could at that time raise their rates? i don't think there's any evidence that it caused drug prices to go up. even before that, the medicare drug benefit made it clear that the government was not in the position to negotiate lower prices. drug prices are going up because they can, i believe. it is expensive to come up with new drugs. healthlison kodjak is a policy reporter with npr. thank you very much for being with us for this conversation. we will take a break. and we come back, we will open the phone lines. you can still call in with your phone calls about health care and this nominating contest for president. president obama has welcomed the canadian prime minister to the white house this morning. we will have coverage of that state dinner that will be happening -- excuse me, the official dinner that will be happening tonight, that will be on c-span at 6:15 p.m. eastern time. right now, the welcoming ceremony happening. we have coverage on it over on c-span3. yesterday, we spoke with the canadian ambassador, david mcnaughton, about the prime minister's first official visit to the united states, and he was what he had to say about what mr. trudeau would like to accomplish. >> we have quite a number of items that have been discussed on and off between canada and the united states. hopefully, this visit allows us to finalize some agreements certainly on the environment, climate change, some economic issues, some security issues. there are items where we will not reach agreement one of the prime minister is here, hopefully we can nudge them along and get them to the point where they can hopefully get some agreements between now and the fall. >> where do you want to do udging? >> for us, there are economic issues that are really important. the whole dispute over lumber. we had a 10 year agreement last fall. there is another that runs out in october. it is in both of our interests to reach an agreement on lumber because having those trade , i am not sure it is in our interest to be making lawyers wealthy. >> describe your relationship with the prime minister. how did you get your post? how often are you communicating? was working with his father many years ago. -- i came washington to washington with his father. i got to know the prime minister probably eight or nine years ago when he got into politics. his chief of staff and secretary r lorenz. i worked -- secretary are close personal friends. i worked in his campaign. he and i very close -- are very close. i anticipated when working on the campaign that i would be asked to do this job. that was not why i was working on the campaign, but what he asked me if i would do this, and is a very important job so i am delighted to be here and hoping i can use my experience in terms of business and politics and public policy to work with americans to mutual benefit because we need to see this matter that there is a way to work together. >> what are your marching orders? david: this year is an important year because they're not only is a presidential election but also congress in all elections -- congressional elections. i need to develop relationships. there will always be difficulties. there are difficulties among friends. difficulties among relationships and marriages. the way you get over those difficulties is to be open and honest and not let little problems get in the way of what is a terrific relationship. >> "washington journal" continues. host: we are back. we will be on open phones this morning for the remainder of today's "washington journal." what is undermined when it comes to public policy and politics. start dialing in now. in's begin with eddie millbury, massachusetts, a republican. >> hi. i like canada's way of doing things, but they have a high sales tax. that is what we need since we import so much. they lower the corporate tax to bring businesses back. they are down to 15%. mostly, your desk at the same way. europe does it the same way. we have many lawyers. why like the mayo clinic leaves areas because of frivolous lawsuits. thank you. host: he is talking about canada. the canadian prime minister is at the white house. he is speaking right now on the south lawn. president obama welcomed him there for his first official visit to the u.s. by a canadian prime minister in 19 years is what nbc reports. this is an opportunity for the countries to deepen their relationship. many things will be on the agenda as the president and prime minister justin trudeau talk about the relationship and what is next. there you can see the first lady and the wife of mr. trudeau. they are standing there on the south lawn for the ceremony. it is a state visit. as a reliable source at the theyington post" says, insist it is not a state dinner but rather the official dinner because trudeau is really the head of canada's government, while the queen is the head of the state. tuxes will be raised and will be donned. a singer who wrote the music and lyrics to the upcoming broadway ess" will provide the after dinner performance. maple will grace the desserts. we will talk about that through the remainder of our time. if you're interested in watching the ceremony, you can go to c-span3. easternat 6:15 p.m. time, our coverage of the dinner is underway. let us go to greg in milwaukee, an independent. good morning. >> good morning -- caller: good morning. i just called to ask a couple papers from our government. first one would be to implement a tax-free health care system. the second would be to balance the budget in about four years. that is it. host: ok. charlie in alabama, a democrat. what is on your mind? erlie.: my name is sh host: i apologize. caller: i support bernie sanders. my friend in london had a heart problem, and within two days, he had heart surgery. anyone who has an emergency problem, it is handled quickly in the universal health care system. mean,alth care system, i nobody should profit off of someone's pain therapy. i am sorry. it is not right. we are fools. we are fools to believe that that is ok. we need to change it. it will cut the cost of health care to a whole lot, by at least two thirds. that is what i wanted to say. host: ok. tim in kentucky, a republican. hit, tim. excuse me, i have to -- hi, tim. excuse me, i have to hit the button. to talki would like about the presidential race here in ohio. i am proud of his record. i am one of his early voters, and i voted for governor john kasich. int he has done in the past the congress of the united states and what he has accomplished in the governor's office i think is amazing. urge my fellow ohioans to go out and vote and vote for governor john kasich. host: the plain dealer this morning. the front page, john kasich not ohio.g on trumped i in along with florida as well, winner take all states. it will be a big one for democrats and republicans us candidates on both sides are trying to get to the magic number of delegates they need to get the nomination from their parties. also, some other events we are covering here on c-span. yesterday, we covered nancy , the casket of nancy reagan being brought to the ronald reagan library, where she is lying in repose. there are three days of ceremony under way to mourn the loss of the former first lady. will have coverage on friday, tomorrow, 2:00 p.m. eastern time of her funeral. that will be on c-span, c-span radio, and c-span.org. take a look at this picture in the new york times this morning. a salute to nancy reagan. firefighters a tribute to nancy reagan as the hearst carrying her body made its way to her husband's library in simi valley, california. she died sunday at the age of 94. she is being honored with three rning.f formal mou let us go to al. caller: good morning. host: what is on your mind? caller: thank you for taking my call. i am concerned about the health care system. once in my television, i have noticed there are several at alto.r zero they encourage me to call a doctor to have him prescribe it to me. minutes later, there is an ad for a bunch of lawyers that want to sue that drug company for making thit. i don't know what is wrong with the health care system, but i will admit there is something drastically wrong with i. host: what would you like to see done? caller: i want to see the lawyers and the insurance companies out of the health care system. host: who do you think and deliver that -- can deliver that? caller: that is a good question, and i hope we can find the right person. that is all i can say. i don't know. i am sorry. host: that was al in tulsa, oklahoma. a democrat from georgia for us on the air. good morning. caller: good morning, how are you? host: i am doing fine, sir. what is on your mind? caller: it bothers me so much. i have been voting since 1968. what bothers me is the obama. people keep bashing obama. because obamadent cannot do anymore in congress and the senate. why do people keep calling in? it bothers me. i am 82 years old. it bothers me that people keep saying obama, obama. it is a problem in this world. it is really a problem. for clinton, i will vote mrs. clinton. benghazi. i am so sick of benghazi. she apologized to the parents. look at bush. particular all the people in he killed all the people in iraq. i just don't like it. host: ray in clinton, pennsylvania, an independent caller. caller: good morning. i want to make a case for why you don't want canadian health care. i have a friend in costa rica. my wife and i were visiting, and just before we were going to leave, he said i have to go into the hospital. he is a canadian citizen. it took him a year to get a physical setup. they went back to toronto, had the physical. they told him everything is ok. he was not feeling good a few weeks after that. he saw a doctor in costa rica. they found he had a large mass, advanced prostate cancer. they said the doctors in canada should be put in jail and those people should be prosecuted for the system. they would not turn loose his records. he had a mass vasectomy. out-of-pocket spending in costa rica because he doesn't have the insurance, a godly exchange now, the exchange now, but a cost of $12,000 for the stay in the hospital, the operation, and they saved his life. they sent him back in canada because they did not want to treat him on the spot. they spend x amount of dollars, not very much. if you have a problem, you will sit and wait like six months and you will die. you don't want that type of system because they limit the amount of spending per year. you will sit and wait if you have an immediate problem, just like this man. they told him he was ok. prostate cancer. host: as we were saying earlier, the canadian prime minister is in washington. arrived last night. the for an official visit, first one in 19 years by canadian prime minister. this is from nbc. they say about this newly elected prime minister, he is 41 years old, married to a former model, and considered a progressive warrior in canada. as father served the prime 1984.er from 1968 until his popularity is not unlike obama in his first term.obama joked about it in their first meeting in the philippines, --ying i don' what is on the agenda? possibly these items. refugees. canada has a liberal policy compared to the united states. accepted 25,000 refugees in the past few months. banld trump talked about a are muslims coming to america. trade. america is canada's number one trading partner with 75% of canada's next words going to the u.s. -- canada's exports going to the u.s.. isis. the important role in the fight against the terrorist group. that is what nbc puts together. four possible items on the witha we want to share you from the "washington post." this is a piece written. ,ate-night canadian fast food protein is what is on the -- poutine is what is on the menu tonight. the more formal take on it will be fast food shavings of smoked duck and she's finished with red wine gravy served on a delicate wafer fries. dave in massachusetts, a democrat. good morning to you. go ahead. caller: good morning. host: morning. caller: listen, i have a critique of c-span. every morning, i am retired, and every morning i wake up, and i just wait for c-span and the conversations you have. host: ok. caller: i just wish that this format was available to younger people like college kids and working adults that get up at 8:00 and go off to work. i wish they had the same for them in the evening. i think you get a lot different perspective coming in if it was on doing a different time of the day. host: we tried that in the past, and we certainly do have: programs at night. you probably watch yourself. -- we certainly do have call in programs that i. you probably watch yourself. we will have coverage of the president's official dinner and primary night. we take phone calls. -- bighat, we are taking events like that, we are taking phone calls and encouraging people to call in at night. patrick in aberdeen, washington, a republican. hi, patrick. caller: hello. thank you for c-span. i have to say that first. host: go ahead. what is on your mind? caller: i lived in germany for a long time and my ex house is a ouse is aere -- sp doctor there so i have insight into the medicine. the basic problem we have in america is the cost to educate your docto a doctor. there, they put in a 500 euro per year fee for the university. starting wage for a doctor is 2500 euros a month because of the cost for the education. i think this directly affects the cost for us and the hospital. i think if you start at the totom fo with the start create doctors to fix the problem here. host: john, an independent. we have open phones before we bring you to the senate. what is on your mind? john, are you with us in maryland? ma'am. yes, i am sorry. ands listening to alison you talk, and one of the issues i have is that it is never brought up with health care that on, you know,s when you are injured on a job and you have to get your health , andthrough that process it is never brought up at all what they do to you. i know. i have lived through it for 23 years. you know? it is a slow death. host: ok. we are wrapping up today. let me go through some political headlines from campaign 2016. the front page of the "washington post." tweets about reading the from donald trump and responding in kind. in the new york times this morning and other papers, they note that the senator regrets trump and his children were embarrassed by what he said. the headline that carly fiorina is backing ted cruz, declaring donald trump and clinton are the system. heading into tuesday, where florida voters will begin to vote, before that, in the miami , jeb bush will be with every gop candidate except for donald trump. the governor of florida is not going to be endorsing before the primary. you have this in the financial times. donald trump draws white working-class away from the elysia democratic allegiance. he did so in michigan and can do so in other states. in the contests coming up on tuesday, they are likely to give donald trump even more of a boost. and then you have this, the rnc is suing to obtain hillary clinton's messages while she served as secretary of state. that is a headline an issue that came up at last night's debate when hillary clinton was asked if she was indicted if she would step down. she said she would not answer that question. from this from the e-mails the hill newspaper. they say the aggressive posture of the we are director is becoming a political problem for the white house. it says he has stirred tensions by linking rising crime rates to black lives matter movements. to bernie in ohio, and independent. good morning. go ahead. caller: good beautiful morning to beautiful greta. how are you? host: i am doing well, sir. thank you. caller: two things. number one, yesterday, jc watts blamed the anti-u.s. government to party movement -- tea party movement on ross perot. 's mantra, the government is not the solution, the problem. that is where it really started with the reagan administration. number two, gentlemen gentleman called a while ago and had an anecdote about canadian health care. he is absolutely wrong about the canadian health care system. i just got back from florida where i read into numerous canadians and i would say to them, i have to ask you my question. what do you think of your health care system? every single one says great, fantastic, amazing, we love it. the number 1% voted by the canadian people in the last century was the man who founded the system. number three, not because my name is bernie, but because bernie sanders is a visionary who doe says i am practical, i'm a realist about what can get done. one caller said bernie sanders might be the next fdr because he has a vision that would be absolutely wonderful for this country if the mass movement takes place. even if the mass media will not back him and give him credit for what is happening, maybe the people can with their vote. host: you might be interested in this "washington post" editorial saying friction on free-trade. bernie sander technological chang in usa today, editorial board says the same thing. blame technology, not just trade for job devastation. deals kills american jobs. a few more calls here. go ahead. caller: yes. thanks for being there. a couple things. first of all, here in louisiana, we just got finished with governor bobby jindal. he left us with a $4 billion deficit. i am a republican, and i voted for him twice. i must have been nuts. second thing, this medicare business. i am 75 years old with heart failure. there is no way in the world i could have gotten insurance without the single-payer medicare system. i am for medicare for all. it is not perfect. upmedication -- i picked medication for 30 days yesterday. $256 for 30 days. that is big pharma's problem. that is the influence of the special interest. my sister had chemotherapy. ourrecently found out that doctors switched chemotherapeutic agents from 1000 a day to 3000 a day. she found out from his nurse that one of the considerations is that doctors get paid by law theymmission on the chemo stick in cancer patients. becausee, i have to run i want to get one more phone call before we go to capitol hill. bill in pennsylvania, a republican. if you can make it quick please. caller: how are you doing? host: morning. caller: i am going to europe next month. i just wanted to tell the people that sanders and mrs. clinton, what they are doing, they will destroy this country just like they are doing in europe right now. host: i apologize to be abrupt but on capitol hill, the senate judiciary committee is about to gavel in. they are marking several pieces of legislation and also probably discussing the current supreme court vacancies. we will renew their lives to the senate judiciary committee. thanks for watching. we will see you tomorrow morning.

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