Because they do it for Different Reasons other than you, you never look at the principle of what you are doing. A lie is a lie in a matter what good reason you tell a lie for. They learn have to be deceitful like you. Guest the u. S. Government is allegedly behind the seven attack in iran that destroyed several thousand Nuclear Centrifuges a year centrifuges a couple years ago. We spy on other governments. We spy on other countries create but we are not using the nsa to spy on chinese businesses. Other countries are going to look at our astronauts. At our espionage. From twitter and this oped from the commentary section. A smack down on chinas side for thieves. He also points out that this is not the first time that china has been caught doing this, going back to early in the last decade. An investigation revealed that guest that is what we were talking about. If you have been paying attention dissever security, you have been watching this go on for the last decade or more. Companies that were working on the f35 program, and then last fall we saw something produced in china that looked an awful lot like an f35. You cannot directly to be that to the hacking of the program. It just looks like it. Host richard is on the phone from florida. Good morning. Caller i agree with some of your callers. We have been doing a number of years ago china forced down a spy plane. You have mentioned Cyber Attacks against iran. I do not know how much we were involved in having scientists killed. We seem to run drones into other peoples countries without any problem in killing people. How would we feel if somebody threw a drone in our country and assassinated somebody. Guest that is the argument. I just sat down with a famous russian Cyber Security expert. He is talking about how easy it would be to reverse engineer a virus. It is what people claimed the United States used against iran. They could use against us on our power facilities. People point to the attack that destroyed 36,000 computers and said it was around hang us back. It was iran paying us back. I have a question. I am in the industry. In our service we use ip blocking based on the location of the ip. We did block all chinese eyepiece. I would like to know why that is not being done when it comes to security. Corporations have the ability. I am curious what they do not do that. Host explain that ability. The ability to do or prevent what . Caller if you see an ip address, there is a company that will observe all ips coming into your network. You can see it is a chinese ip. You can say block all ips from this range. Host do you think washington is doing enough on this front . Caller we need to find the answer to stop that level of espionage. Host what questions would you be asking . Caller what technology are using . Are we observing or are we just hoping that a system is automated will do the job for us . Guest there are two elements of that. American businesses to not want to stop doing business in china. I was talking to an official the other day who says we cannot just ignore china. We have to figure out a safe way to do business with the chinese and their government while protecting our intellectual property. That comes back to the information we are hearing between u. S. Government intelligence agencies and the private sector. When the nsa sees all of this malware comign in from certain ip addresses, what they would like to do is share this information so we can learn what that information is coming from these addresses and block them. That is part of the approach the government wants to take in dealing with this. Along those lines, there is this tweet guest a lot of what it is is identifying your valuable information and keep it offline. Monetary or networks. Assume you are going to be breached. A fire wall is not going to do it. You have to assume that people are already inside your networks. You have to monitor for strange behavior inside your networks. The information being siphoned off at two oclock in the morning, a lot of it is monitoring tools. Host we spent a lot of time focusing on the nations debt and china is buying up a lot of the debt. Guest u. S. Officials will say this is very tough diplomatically because it is a tricky. Host what is the number one challenge on this issue . What does john kerry need to guest do how does he confront the chinese . The number of chinese is going to increase there is all sorts of jargon saying we arent discussed this at the highest level and say that this is not an acceptable. Some people are calling for the state department to look at ways we can actually impose certain sanctions or ban the line they are calling on the government to do that kind of thing. Host our next caller is from michigan. Cynthia is on the phone on the republican line. Welcome to the conversation. Caller thank you for taking my call. Scripture says can two walk together except they be agreed. We have been very weak when it comes to our enemies. I pray that we would have a much stronger stand against our enemies, including china. What do you have to say about these things . Guest what people are worrying about is will we be able to stop this in a traditional diplomatic sense . Or will it take something heavier . Lets take sanctions . Will it be something that we are just going to have to deal with and just figure out how to protect our secrets on this front because they will not stop . Host mike from pennsylvania, independent line, good morning. Caller my question is, i have been wondering about the long term reliability of all of this stuff. Not long ago South Carolina was packed, the fed was hacked, i just keep thinking it is going to end up being a longterm expensive fad that seems to be failing. Is that a possibility . Guest the state of Cyber Security favors the attacker. Everybody is being hacked by a number of different actors. It is a rather than problem that favors the attackers. Until we come up with new laws in ways of dealing with this domestically and internationally, as well as new technologies, it is going to favor the attacker. People think is going to shift in favor of the defender. We will have an understanding of how we protect our secrets and our property. Host 8 twitter or facebook account, a much lower level to hack. The question is why . Guest it depends on what they want to do with your account. Hackers just wanted his name. In other cases they may want to use your account to send out malware. Or they may want to hack your e mail because you are somebody the hackers are interested in animal secrets of your life. There would love to know details about your life that they can use to pay a better picture of you and your Decision Making process. They could potentially use that to act as more secret information. Host how does any one company or individual feel secure in all of that and determine what is a portent to them what is important to them . Guest what is the information your company would have a hard time staying in business if it were lost, take that offline. Much for state secrets, say you cannot bring this document outside of a room, but have computers isolated with this information. Host from michigan, good morning. Caller good morning. First of all i would like to say thankyou to cspan. As far as cyberattacking, we need to really been looked at really look at how we have been doing business with china. Host how likely is that . Guest we have already a couple of members of Congress Calling for sanctions against china. We will see. It depends on how the diplomatic efforts go. If we see more examples of the more companies coming out and saying we have been hacked, if we see more of that we may see increased pressure on the executive branch to implement sanctions. We may see it happen. Host our last caller is from independence, missouri. Republican line, good morning. Caller i wanted to ask we give away as much economic information with products we ship to china. They have torn our car torn our cars completely. When they start making cars guest there are partnerships between american businesses and chinese companies. We have several Aerospace Companies doing business in china. Can you trust that information isnt going to be what is to keep the chinese out of your military networks . How did they not get to your network when youre doing business in china . People bring throw away computers and but there is when they do business with china. It is still a concern. Host john reed, a National Security reporter. More information online. Thank you fort stopping by. We will be focusing more on this issue tomorrow on cspans communicators program. We drill down on the issue of the threats we face and the response from the administration. That can be seen on saturdays at 6 30 eastern time. America by the numbers, how much money are you saying, how much money you need to save for retirement . Paul taylor from the Pew Research Center, as washington journal continues this friday morning. I think it is pretty accurate they do not play by the rules. I think they bend the rules to fit their circumstances. I think americans tend to be more legalistic. We want things on a contract. When we state when we see things written on a contract we think that is the be all and all. The chinese will agree to any agreement and they will try to interpret it to get around its requirements wended ink is dry. It is a relentless drive to get ahead. They see some of the constrictors we put on them in terms of trade. They see that as we are trying to hold china down. We operate in a rule in a World Without rules. We are trying to tie them up with a knot of rules and regulations. Keith richburg on 30 years of reported and insights around the world. Of the book concludes with lincoln tried to get a job at zachary taylors legislation. At this time there is talk of a comet destroying the earth and one of lincolns friends is absolutely certain it was going to happen. He was trying very hard to get this job and he failed. It is a good thing he failed. He is not in illinois moving to the forefront of the republican party. He probably never becomes president. He went back to his hotel room and lay on his back for an hour. He thought it was the end of his career. As we all know history has Something Better in store for mr. Lincoln later down the road. He ends up losing washington. His future very much in doubt, heading back to the state of illinois. Congressman Abraham Lincoln arrived in washington in the 1840s 7. Saturday, on 7 00 p. M. Eastern. Washington journal continues. Host we want to focus on america by the numbers. We welcome paul taylor from the Pew Research Center. A report taking a look at how much americans are or are not saving for retirement. What is the headline . Guest our retirement system has changed over the last 30 years. We have gone from a defined benefit system where you have a guarantee if you work for a company, depending on how many years you have worked and what your salary was, you have a guaranteed annual wage for when you retired. That took a lot of uncertainty out of retirement. We moved to the 401ks, you put in money and your employer matches the money. If all goes well when you hit retirement you are able to leave lead a life style you want. We are 30 years into this experiment and all has not gone well. Most people have not saved enough and they are and 10,000 baby boomers turn 65 per day for the next 10 years. Host on average, how much does an individual have in a 401k . Guest a typical 65 year old has 120,000. That gets you 575,000 a month if you combined that let us talk about the typical. If you combine that with what you can get from Social Security having worked a full life, you have an annual income in the range of 25,000. At the median you had an income of 40 two thousand dollars. Retirement experts say that if you want to live the same life when you were working, you need to replace 70 or 80 of your income. The typical 401k is only going to replace 60 of his or her income. Host we have defined our phone lines. If you are under the age of 35, the number in 2025853880 for ages 36 to 55, 2052585388. You can also join us on our twitter page or facebook page. Let us go through retirement over the years courtesy of washington post. The 401 ks are established in 1978. Social security retirement age increased in the 1980s. The 401k contribution increased this year from 70,500 for individuals to just over 23,000 if you are over the age of 50. Guest we started with some of the bad news. Starting in the 20thcentury, with Social Security and medicare, this country and most of these advanced countries in the world and revolutionized old age. For most of human history, the poorest people were the old folks because they no longer could earn money and they did not have savings and it did not go well. It is much better now. 33 of people over 65 were zero were in poverty. That is not to say they have economic troubles, they do. Things of gotten much better because of the Social Security and medicare. These are the two most popular domestic programs we have on the books. It is one of the reasons why the fiscal debates are so complicated. Nobody wants anybody to touch Social Security. The wind up providing a safety net for their children and grandchildren. That said, Social Security and medicare ryan never meant to be a full support system. Unfortunately the expenses of being would have grown dramatically. It is led by the rapid increase of medical costs. That is where a lot of the stress comes in. I think many people to not realize that medicare is there to make sure that people who are really sick, you will be taking care of. Medicare for the typical person 65 and older only covers about half of that persons medical costs. There are more expenses. It has gotten more expensive for older folks. Host you just touched on this point, as Social Security moved from a supplemental to a Pension System for a vast majority of retirees . Guest for the vast majority it is the only classic pension. A classic pension is a guaranteed annual income from when you retire to when you die. That is what Social Security is. It was never designed to take up all of your costs. The typical person may get between 18,000 to 20,000 per year. That is not going to be enough to replace the light bulb. Host from indianapolis, you are 57 years old . How much of the saved for retirement . Caller i am on disability. I want ask a question about Social Security benefits and disability benefits. I am on disability so i can no longer work. Guest this is one of the proposals kicking around in deficitreduction negotiations going on between the president and congress. This is one i think the president has indicated he would look at. I cannot know all of the details. The bright idea is to change the annual costofliving adjustment that recipients of Social Security medicare and other government safety net programs, and change the formula in a way that the advocates say better reflect the actual marketplace behaviours of recipients of these programs. As prices go up not all consumers ride that escalator. They replaced a higher price brand with a medium priced brand. You could do a more realistic adjustment that would reduce annual increases. There are some people who think this is a good way to trim the cost of those programs. Host let me go back to that figure, 120,000 on average for 65 years olds who retire. There are many more with less and many more with more. Guest that is just the medium. The average 65 years old to retires is going to live for another 20 years. If you have a married couple at 65, there is a 45 chance that at least one of those spouses will live to age 90. Part of the Financial Stress of retirement is people are not living longer. Part of that good news story is that it is then reflected in their jobs behaviors. The average age of retirement went down in the 20th century. 60 years old was the low in the 90s. It has been creeping back up in the last 20 years. It has gone from 62 to 64. My guess is it will continue to go up. Im going to have to stay in the workforce. The second reason tends to be a happier reason, people are living longer and they are healthier at 65 than a generation or two ago. Those people are working jobs that do not wear them out. We have more people working behind desks. People say they feel great the Pew Research Center did a survey a year ago when we asked people of all ages what was the main reason you work . Among people 65 and over who were still working, the majority said i am working because i want to stay active, i like working with my colleagues, i like feeling like im doing something useful. The younger workers said that time working for my family, because i have to save for my own retirement. Some of the behavior of responses that the typical 65 yearold does not have enough money to retire is already occurring. More them are staying in the work force longer. Most of our growth for the next decade overwhelmingly will be with workers 65 and older. That creates a potential problem on the other side of the aged. Where we see younker adults, 40 of young adults aged 18 to 35 are even in the labor force. This has to do with a rotten economy. Older adults are staying in the work force longer any younger adults staying out of the work force longer because they cannot get into it. Host if you dont have a retirement, there is this option norman is joining us from maryland, 45 years old. How much have you saved so far for your retirement . Caller first, thanks for having an article on this subject. I have been waiting for this opportunity. I have 2,800 in my 401k plan. I am wanting your opinion for people my age. I was born in 1968. It seems we are at the tail end of the Pension Plans and Profit Sharing and at the front end of all the financial crises in the country. People my age, it seems we were never able told the 10 we were told, the city to hold 10 your entire working life for your retirement. Between jobs and layoffs and i have always been fortunate to make as much as college graduates, bu