It is inconvenient to do so, and we have not confronted forcefully enough the intolerance, sectarianism, and hopelessness that feeds violent extremism in to many parts of the globe. Too many parts of the globe. Fellow delegates, we come together as United Nations with a choice to make. We can renew the International System that has enabled so much progress, or we can allow ourselves to be pulled back by an undertow of instability. We can reaffirm our collective response ability to confront global problems, or be swamped by more and more outbreaks of instability. And for america, the choice is clear error we choose hope clear. We choose hope over fear. We see the future not as something out of our control, but something we can shape for the better through concerted and collective efforts. We reject fatalism or cynicism when it comes to human affairs. We choose to work for the world as it should be, as our children deserve it to be. There is much that must be done to meet the test of this moment, but today i would like to focus on two defining questions at the root of so many of our challenges whether the nations here today will be able to renew the purpose of the u. N. s founding, and whether we will come together to reject the cancer of violent extremism. First, all of us, big nations and small, must meet our responsibility to observe and enforce international norms. We are here because others realized that we gain more from cooperation than conquest. 100 years ago, a world war claimed the lives of many millions, proving that with the terrible power of modern weaponry, the cause of empire often leads to the graveyard. It would take another world war ii rollback the forces of fascism, the notions of racial supremacy, and formed this United Nations to ensure that no nation could subjugate its neighbors and claimed the territory claim their territory. Recently, russias actions in ukraine challenge this postwar order. Your are the facts after the people of ukraine mobilize popular protest here are the facts after the people of the ukraine will bless popular protest, the corrupt president fled. Crimea was annex. Russia poured arms into eastern ukraine, fueling violent separatists in a conflict that has killed thousands. When a civilian airliner was shot down from areas that these proxies control, they refused to allow access to the crash for days. When ukraine started to reassert control over its territory, russia gave up the pretense of merely supporting the separatists, and moved troops across the border. This is a vision of the world in which might mite makes right. A world in which ones nation one nations borders can be we drawn by another one. Civilized people are not able to recover the remains of the loved ones because of the truth that might be revealed. America stands for something different. We believe that right makes might. Bigger nations should not be able to bully smaller ones, and people should be able to choose their own future. They are simple truths, but they must be defended. America, and our allies, will support the people of ukraine as they develop their democracy and economy. We will reinforce our nato allies and uphold our commitments to collective selfdefense. We will impose a cost on russia for aggression and we will counter falsehoods with the truth. We call upon others to join us on the right side of history, for while small gains can be won at the barrel of a gun, they will ultimately be turned back if enough voices support the freedom of nations and people to make their own decisions. Moreover, a different path is available, the path of diplomacy and peace, and the ideals this institution is designed to uphold. The recent ceasefire agreement in ukraine offers an opening to achieve those objectives. If russia takes that path, a path that for stretches of the postcold war period resulted in prosperity for the russian people, then we will lift our sanctions and welcome russias role in addressing common challenges. After all, that is what the United States and russia have been able to do in past years from reducing our nuclear stockpiles, to meeting our obligations under the Nuclear Nonproliferation treaty, to cooperate to remove and destroy syrias declared chemical weapons. That is the kind of cooperation we are prepared to pursue again if russia changes course. This speaks to a central question of all global age whether we will solve our problems together in the spirit of mutual interest and mutual respect, or whether we defend into the destructive rivalries descend into the district of rivalries of the past destructors rivalries of the past. We can make enormous progress. I stand before you today committed to investing american strength to working with all nations to address the problems we face in the 21st century. As we speak, america is between our doctors and scientists, supported by our military to help contain the outbreak of ebola and pursue new treatments, but we need a broader effort to stop the disease that could kill hundreds of thousands, inflict horrific suffering, destabilize economies, and move rapidly across borders. It is easy to see this as a distant problem, until it is not, and that is why we will continue to mobilize other countries to join us in making concrete commitments, the significant commitments to fight this outbreak and enhance our system of Global Health security for the longterm. America is pursuing a diplomatic resolution to the Iranian Nuclear issue as part of our commitment to stop the spread of Nuclear Weapons and pursue the peace and security of a World Without them. Now, this can only take place if iran seizes this historic opportunity. My message to irans leaders and people have been simple and consistent. Do not let this opportunity we can reach a solution that meets your energy needs while assuring the world that your program is peaceful. America is and will continue to be a Pacific Power promoting peace, stability, and the free flow of commerce among nations, but we will insist that all nations abide by the rules of the road and resolve territorial disputes peacefully, consistent with international law. That is how the asiapacific has grown, and that is the only way to protect this progress going forward. America is committed to a Development Agenda that eradicate extreme poverty by 2030. We will do our part to help people feed themselves, power their economies, and care for their sick. If the world acts together, we can make sure that all of our children enjoy lives of opportunity and dignity. America is pursuing ambitious reductions in our carbon emissions. We have increased our investments in clean energy. We will do our part and help developing nations do theres, but the signs tells us we can only succeed scientists tell us we cannot succeed in combating Climate Change if we are joined in these efforts by every nation, every major power. That is how we can protect this planet for our children and our grandchildren. On other words, on issue after issue, we cannot rely on it will book written for a different century. If we lift our eyes beyond our borders, think globally, and act cooperatively, we can shape the course of this century as our predecessors shaved the postworld war ii age, but as we look to the future, one issue risks a cycle of conflict that could derail so much progress. That is the cancer of violent extremism that has ravaged so many parts of the muslim world. Of course, terrorism is not new. Speaking before this assembly, president kennedy put it well. Terror is not a new weapon, he said. Throughout history it has been used by those that cannot prevail either through persuasion or example. In the 20th century, terror was used by all manner of groups who fail to come to power through public support, but in this century we have faced a more lethal and ideological brand of terrorists, who have perverted one of the worlds great religions. When access to technology that with access to technology that allows small groups to do great harm, they have embraced a nightmarish vision that would divide the world into adherents and infidels, killing as many civilians as possible, employing the most brutal methods to intimidate people within their communities. I have made it clear that america will not base our entire Foreign Policy on reacting to terrorism. Instead we waged a focus campaign against al qaeda and associated forces, taking out their leaders, denying them the safe havens they rely on. At the same time, we have reaffirmed again and again that the notice states is not and never will be at war with that the United States is not and never will be at war with islam. Islam teaches peace. Muslims aspire to live to a sense of dignity and peace. There is no us and them there is only us. Millions of Muslim Americans are part of the fabric of our country. So, we reject any suggestion of a clash of civilizations. Belief in prominent religious war is the misguided refuge of extremists who cannot build or create anything, and therefore federal fanaticism pedal fanaticism or hate. It is therefore no exaggeration to say that humanitys future depends on us standing against those who would divide us along the fault lines of tribes, sex, race, or religion, but this is not simply a matter of words. Collectively, we must take concrete steps to address the danger opposed by religiously motivated fanatics and the trends that fueled their recruitment. Moreover, this campaign against extremism goes beyond a narrow security challenge for while we have degraded methodically the core of al qaeda and supported a transition to a sovereign afghan government, extremist ideology has shifted to other places, particularly in the middle east and north africa, where a quarter of young people have no jobs, where food and water can grow scarce, where corruption is rampant, and sectarian conflicts have become increasingly hard to contain. As an International Community, we must meet this challenge with a focus on four areas. First, the terrorist group known as isil must be degraded and ultimately destroyed. This group has terrorized all hubei, cross in iraq, and in terrorized all the, cross in iraq and syria. Mothers, sisters, daughters, have been subjected to rape as an aspect of war. Innocent children have been gunned down. Bodies have been dumped in mass graves. Religious minorities have been starved to death. In the most horrific climbs crimes imaginable, innocent human beings have been beheaded with videos of the atrocities distribute it to shock the conscience of the world. No god condones this terror. No grievance justifies these no god condones this terror. No grievance justifies these actions. There can be no reasoning, no negotiation with this brand of evil. The only language understood by killers like this is the language of force. The United States of america will work with a Broad Coalition to dismantle this network of death. In this effort, we do not act alone, nor do we intend to send u. S. Troops to occupy foreign land. Instead, we will support iraqis and syrians fighting to reclaim their communities. We will use our military might in a campaign of airstrikes to roll back isil. We will train and equip forces fighting against the terrorist on the ground. We will work to cut off their financing and to stop the flow of fighters into and out of the region, and already over 40 nations have offered to join this coalition. Today, i ask the world to join in this effort. Those who have joined isil should leave the battlefield while they can. Those who continue to fight for a hateful cause will find they are increasingly alone, for we will not succumb to threats, and we will demonstrate that the future belongs to those who build, not those who destroy. That is an immediate challenge, a first challenge that we must meet. The second it is time for the world, especially in muslim communities, to explicitly, forcefully, and consistently reject the ideology of organizations like al qaeda and isil. It is one of the tasks of all great religions to accommodate devote faith with a modern, multicultural world. No children are born hating, and no children anywhere should be educated to hate other people. There should be no more tolerance of socalled clerics who call upon people to harm innocent because they are jewish, or because they are christian, or because they are muslim. It is time for a new compact amongst civilized people of this world to eradicate war at its most fundamental source, and that is the corruption of its young minds by violence and ideology. That means cutting off funding that fuels this hate. It is time to end the hypocrisy of those that accumulate wealth through the Global Economy and in siphon funds to those who teach children to tear it down. That means contesting the space that terrorists occupy, including the internet and social media. Their propaganda has coerced young people to travel abroad to fight their wars, and turn students, young people for potential, into suicide bombers. We must offer an alternative vision. That means bringing people of different faiths together. All religions have been attacked by extremists from within at some point, and all people of faith have a responsibility to lift up the value at the heart of all great religions, due on to thy neighbor do to thy neighbor as you would have done unto yourself. The ideology of isil or al qaeda, or bo boko haram, well wilt will wilt and die if it is consistently confronted and refuted in the light of day. Look at the new forum for promoting peace in muslim societies. Its purpose was described we must declare war on war so that the outcome will be peace upon peace. Look at the young british muslims who responded to terrorist propaganda by starting the not in my name campaign, claiming that isis is fighting behind hiding behind a false islam. Look at the christian and Muslim Leaders that came together in the Central African republic to combat violence, and listen to the amount of said politics try to divide religion in our country, but religion should not be a cause of hate, or strife. Later today, the Security Council will adopt a resolution that underscores the responsibility of states that counter violent extremism. Resolutions must be followed by tangible commitments, so that we are accountable when we fall short. Next year, we should all be prepared to announce the concrete steps that we have taken to counter extremist ideologies in our own countries. By getting intolerance out of schools, stopping radicalization before it spreads, and promoting institutions and programs that build new bridges of understanding. Third, we must address the cycle of conflict, especially sectarian conflict, and that creates the conditions that terrorists prey upon. There is nothing new about wars within religions. Christianity into her centuries of endured centuries of vicious sectarian conflict. Today, it is violence within muslim communities that has become the source of so much human misery. It is time to acknowledge the destruction wrought by proxy wars and terror campaigns between sunni and shia across the middle east, and it is time that political, civic, and religious leaders reject sectarian strife, for lets be clear this is a fight that no one is winning. A brutal civil war in syria has already killed nearly 200,000 people, displaced millions. Iraq has come perilously close to plunging back into the abyss. The conflict has created a fertile recruiting ground for terrorists who inevitably export this violence. The good news is we also see signs that this tied could be reversed tide could be reversed. We have a new inclusive government in baghdad, a new iraqi Prime Minister welcomed by his neighbors, lebanese factions rejecting those who try to promote war. These steps must be followed by a broader truce. Nowhere is this more necessary than syria. Together with our partners, america is training and equipping the Syrian Opposition to be a counterweight to the terrorists of isil and the brutality of the assad regime, but the only lasting solution is political, and inclusive political solution that responds to all syrians regardless of ethnicity, creed. Cynics may argue that such an outcome can never come to pass, that there is no other way for this madness to end, whether one year from now, or 10. It points to the fact that it is time for a broader negotiation in the region in which major powers address their differences directly, honestly, and peacefully across the table from one another, rather than through gunwheeling proxies. I can promise you a america will remain engaged in the region that we are prepared to engage in that effort. My fourth and final point is a simple one. The countries of the arab and muslim world must focus on the extraordinary potential of their people, especially the youths. And here i would like to speak directly to young people across the muslim world. You come from a great tradition that stands for education, not ignorance, innovation, not destruction, the dignity of life, not murder. Those who call you away from this path are betraying this tradition, not defending it. You have demonstrated that when young people have the tools to succeed, good schools, education in math and science, and economy that nurtures creativity and entrepreneurship, then society will flourish. So, america will partner with those that promote that vision. Where women are full participants in a countries politics or economy, societies are more likely to succeed, and that is why we support the participation of women in parliaments, peace process, schools, and the economy. If young people lived in places where the only option is the dictates of the state or the lure of extremist underground, then no counterterrorism strategy can succeed, but were a genuine, Civil Society is allowed to flourish, where people can express their views and organize peacefully for a better life, then you dramatically expand the alternatives to terror. Such positive change need not come at the expense of tradition and faith. We see this in iraq, where a young man started a library for his peers. We link iraqs heritage to their hearts, he said, and give them a reason to stay. We see it in tunisia where secular and islamist parties Work Together through political process to create a new constitution. We see it in senegal where Civil Society thrives along a strong democratic government. We see it in malaysia where vibrant entrepreneurship is propelling a former colony into the ranks of advanced economies. And we see it in indonesia, where what began as a violent transition has evolved into a genuine democracy. Now, ultimately, the task of rejecting sectarianism and extremism is a generational task, and a task for the people of the middle east themselves. No external power can bring about a transformation of hearts and minds. But america will be a respectful and constructive partner. We will neither tolerate terrorist safe havens nor act as an occupying power. We will take action against threats to our security and our allies, while building an architecture of counterterrorism operation. We will increase efforts to build up those who counter extremist violence and solve sectarian conflict and support efforts to expand entrepreneurship in Civil Society, education, and youth, because ultimately these investments are the best antidote to violence. We recognize as well that leadership will be necessary to address the conflict between palestinians and israelis. As bleak as the landscape appears, america will not give up on the pursuit of peace. Understand the situation in iraq, syria, and libya, should cure anyone of the thought that the arabisraeli conflict is the main problem of the region. For far too long that is man excused to distract people from problems at home. The violence engulfing the region today has made too many israelis ready to abandon the hard work of peace, and that is Something Worthy of reflection within israel because lets be clear, the status quo in the west they and Gaza West Bank and gaza is not sustainable. We cannot afford to turn away from this effort, not when rockets are fired at innocent israelis or the lives of so many palestinian children are taken from us in gaza. So long as i am president , we will stand up for the principle that israelis, palestinians, the region, and the world, will be more just and more safe with two states living sidebyside in peace and security. So, this is what america is prepared to do. Taking action against immediate threats while pursuing a world in which the need for such action is diminished. The United States will never shy away from defending our interests, but we will also not shy away from the promise of this institution, and its universal declaration of human rights. The notion that peace is not merely the absence of war, but the presence of a at her life of a better life. I realize that americas critics will be like to point out that at times we, too, have failed to live up to our ideals, that america has plenty of problems within its own borders. This is true. In a summer marked by instability in the middle east and eastern europe, i know the world also took notice of the small American City of ferguson, missouri, were a young man was killed, and a community was divided. So, yes, we have our own racial and ethnic tensions, and like every country we continually wrestle with how to reconcile the best changes brought by globalization and greater diversity with the traditions that we hold dear, but we welcome the scrutiny of the world, because what you see in america is a country that has steadily worked to address our problems, to make our union more perfect. To bridge the divides that existed at the founding of this nation. America is not the same as it was 100 years ago, or 50 years ago, or even a decade ago, because we fight for our ideals, and we are willing to criticize ourselves when we fall short. Because we hold our leaders accountable, and insist on a free press, independent judiciary. Because we address our differences in the open space of democracy with respect for the rule of law, with a place for people of every race and every religion and a belief in the ability of each individual man in woman to change their circumstances, and their countries for the better. After nearly six years as president , i believe that this promise can help light the world, because i have seen a longing for positive change, for peace and for freedom, and for opportunity, and for the end to bigotry in the eyes of young people that i have met around the globe. They remind me that no matter who you are, or where you come from, or what you look like, or what god you pray to, or who you love, there is something fundamental that we all share. Eleanor roosevelt, champion of the u. N. And americas role in it, once asked where after all, do universal human rights begin . In small places, she said, close to home. So close and so small that they cannot be seen on any maps of the world, yet they are the world of the individual person the neighborhood he lives in, the school or college she attends, the factory, farm, or office, where he works. Around the world young people are moving forward, hungry for a better world. Around the world in small places they are overcoming hatred, bigotry, and sectarianism, and they are learning to respect each other despite differences. The people of the world now look to us, here, to be as decent, and as dignified, and as courageous as they are trying to be in their daily lives. And at this crossroads, i can promise you that the United States of america will not be distracted or deterred from what must be done. We are heirs to a proud legacy of freedom, and we are prepared to do what is necessary to secure that legacy for generations to come. I ask that you join us in this Common Mission for todays children and tomorrows. Thank you very much. [applause] on behalf of the u. N. Assembly, i wish to thank the president of the United States of america for the statement just done. May i request representatives to remain seated while we greet the president. President obama from the General Assembly this morning. The president will chair the Security Council this afternoon in 40 minutes here on cspan. French president Francois Hollande has just finished his remarks to the General Assembly. Its just under 15 minutes. One of my compatriots has been the subject of a cowardly association in nigeria. He was a man who was full of enthusiasm. He thought he would be able to pursue his passion moving into the area in algeria. He was abducted and he was beheaded. This is what terrorism does. It doesnt do it only to france. Just several days ago, there were americans and british people who were dealing with the same level of our parity. Of barbarity. They dont strike only those who dont think like they do. They also strike muslims. They also strike civilian populations and they strike minorities. They write, they kill they rape, they kill. Is for these reasons the International Community needs to rage against terrorism. The same flag that needs to be values, for flag of which this organization was founded. Human dignity, freedom. The world of tomorrow france is fully committed in this combat. It was in africa when i was called to mali. We are joined by many african countries and the United Nations. There has been a danger. Exists ins thread iraq and syria. Has decided not only to conquer territories in the state, but this group is threatening the entire world. Provoking, tax, organizing abductions, recording insiders from all over the world. To show them the barbaric nice barbaricness the the group is capable of. So they can develop this sinister Terrorism Movement in our countries. This thread exists not only for the region, but for the world. It is for that reason that france has responded to the call of the iraqi authorities so that we can bring them military assistance by providing weapons. Bringing aerial support Group Continuing to progress. We want to weaken it. Know that while there is no settlement of the human crisis, all of our effort could be reduced. Mean that there could also be a political revolution. France will support the Syrian Opposition is the only the gym it representation of the string people legitimate representation of the syrian people. We wont make any compromise. There is the threat of assad regime. To be condemned because they are complicit in whats been happening for the last few years in syria. 200,000 people dead. France is gentlemen, going through a tragedy following the assassination of oh one of our compatriots. Tonce will never give in pressure and barbaric acts. France knows what is expected. It knows it carries values and it has a role to play and france will never give up. The fight against terrorism will be pursued and it will be accelerated as much as necessary with respect for law. With a respect for the sovereignty of states. We will make no mistake when we act. We will always do so with respect for the principles of the United Nations. I would like to talk to you about some other things. Understand, in my there is nevertheless a great question which is being asked to you. When faced with these barbaric acts and faced with terrorism, would we remain spectators. Together ine actors what should be international order. If we dont respond to this ouestion or respond to late, the terrorists will continue with their undertaking and indoctrination. It is not weakness that will be the response to terrorism. Its force. The force of law, the force of the United Nations. The certain point, also force of military action when it becomes necessary. Ladies and gentlemen, i also wanted to talk to you about other regions of the world. Which are also going through threats to our own security. I want to talk about the ebola epidemic. I know how much its affecting our african friends. Beyondain, lets look those who were affected. Epidemicmagine this can remain contained in a few countries if we dont act . This is also a global threat. The response must be global. France and the world must bring to those countries affected by this epidemic the necessary care and protection that is required. There again, if there is the slightest weakness, the slightest slack of solidarity, all of our countries will be affected. Ladies and gentlemen, i have also come here before you to speak to you about what is next to europe. What happened in ukraine. With the lax there of the principles. , what we need to do to achieve peace and a there this needs to be pursued. No continent is spared from this threat. Everything is fragile and vulnerable. Andeed to have awareness of the risks and dangers. A need not only to make it work of memory, but a task of the future. For the future we want and the world we want. That is the last thing i want to talk about. Climate change. Here again, this is threatening not only our generation, but the world. The threat to our own security. There are more people displaced by Climate Change than by wars. Which are so intense and deadly. Hroughout our world therefore, france has also taken on response abilities, having to organize a Climate Conference in december 2015. Im very pleased to see that, right here, things to the secretarygeneral, a summit the wills to mobilize of states and financial institutions. Want this conference to its the world we want. There have been periods in history when we can decide not only for ourselves, but the site for humanity. This time has come. Therefore, in paris, we must do everything to make sure a global agreement can be reached. An agreement that can be binding and differentiated according to levels of development. Which can have a green thumb. To which france has contribute at 1 billion in the coming year. I hope every country will follow us because we need the screen fund to enable countries which dont have the development to be able to ensure their growth and their energy transition. Moment that im experiencing today on behalf of france. When we can moment move forward and take on our own responsibilities. Andeed to fight terrorism reduce inequality. And we also need to do our job for future generations to make and the United Nations can always be faithful to the mandate that was given to it following the great war. We are certain to be able to deal with them if we are united. Together, we can achieve this victory. Thank you. [applause] on behalf of the General Assembly, i wish to thank the president of the French Republic for the statement just made. May i request representatives to remain seated while we greet the president. Her live coverage from the United Nations resumes at 3 00 p. M. President obama will be talking about a resolution requiring countries to prosecute foreign fighters. Individuals who leave their home countries to join extremist groups. What is the greatest threat that the United Nations should address . Some tweets you can find more at cspan chat. The president s comments earlier today talked about the u. S. Response to ebola. This morning on washington journal, we were joined by the talk about nih who that and other issues. We will show u. S. Much as we can until the un Security Council meeting is underway at 3 00 p. M. Eastern. From their facilities is dr. Francis collins. I want to begin with breaking news yesterday. Cnn tweeted this out saying if there are no additional interventions, the ebola death toll could rise. To the cdc. Dr. Collins, what is the role of nih in fighting ebola . Guest good morning. Yes, nih is deeply engaged in thest to try to turn back a frightening outbreak of ebola in west africa and yesterday, tom freeden did make this projection that if nothing happens, we could look at more than a million cases of ebola over the next few months. A frightening number. But we want to make sure everything is dont to keep that from happening. What is our role . Largest supporter of research in the world including research on Infectious Diseases led by the best known Infectious Disease expert in the world, tony fauche. Partly the development of vaccines and developments of new treatments for people infected. Vaccines moving forward at unprecedented rate and this is an effort we started 13 years ago anticipating there might be a need for a vaccine because ebola has been around since 1976. Albeit small outbreaks. This is the 5th generation ebola vaccine. Looks very good in the animal models. You dont know until you try it out in human patients whether it will be safe or work. We did start three weeks ago what is called a phase one trial of this vaccine. 20 individuals have now been injected with that. They are volunteers here at the nih clinical center. So far, all is going well. No red flags to indicate there is a problem with the vaccine but it will take a couple of months to see whether or not those individuals mount an immune response that you would think would be protective against acquiring the disease. Once we have the data, we need to move quickly to get this into what you call a phase two trial in west africa in individuals that are at risk. All of that is very complicated in a circumstance where in liberia and sierra leone and guinea, a great deal of stress as you can imagine on the Health Care Systems but were determined to figure out a way. Host what is the time line . Guest november before we have the evidence about whether the vaccine is looking promise in this phase one trial. If it looks good, shortly after that, meetings are going on today and every day exactly about how to do the design, we would try to then set up this more extensive trial in west africa that would determine whether the vaccine is actually effective or not. Theres a second vaccine we also played a role in, developed in canada. That is also getting tested sort of parallel and we have partners in england in the Welcome Trust tufting one of our vaccines in a different population, all hands on deck here. Everybody is trying to do Everything Possible to speed up a process desperately needed. You said this is unprecedented. So, describe what it has been like to ramp up this Vaccine Research and effort. Guest well, weve been working hard on this for 13 years. We didnt know when this outbreak might happen but many were fearful it would. Nobody anticipated it would be as bad as it is where the disease spread into the cities making it difficult to follow. Frankly, if nih had been in a better position as far as Research Support over the last 10 years, we would be further along. This is a consequence that were not in a position to already have this vaccine ready to distribute. But we pulled out all the stops. Colleagues at fda have been hep full speeding up the process of approval but i wish we were a little further along. I promise you that working with cdc and other partners, were trying to make this our highest priority. Peoples lives are at risk. Host did you get more money. Congress voted for a continuing resolution that funds the government. Extra money in there to fight ebola. Guest for c tv and organization trying to speed up the therapeutic development. Let me say a word of that. Vaccines are preventive but for people already infected, vaccines will not help so there you need a treatment. People have heard about zmapp. Cocktail of antibiotics shown in animal model to be protective against dying from this disease. We want to be able to see how that works. A total of seven people have received zmapp as part of a come passionate use effort inclusion the two individuals we first heard about that were air lifted to emory hospital in georgia. We dont know with seven individuals whether this work in humans or not. The problem is those were the only seven does thats existed. Nobody expected a big push so barta is pushing forward with dollars from the cr, a scaleup of thattest. For technical reasons, that is not trivial. Acts are developed in a tobacco leaf program. And that doesnt necessarily turn into something where you just turn the crank and have lots of it. It is taking a while to do that scaleup. Two or three other therapeutics are promising but none in human trials. We have a big push there as well. As far as nih, we did not receive additional dollars in the continuing resolution. That goes through to december 11th. Clearlily, whatever happens after that, we hope norad additional dollars because this is going to cost a lot of money. Host all right. Were talking about ebola with the director francis collins. Join us for that conversation. The nih funding for 2013 is about 30 billion, 29. 2 billion. And the 2015 request from the white house is 30. 4 billion. Founded in 1887. Located in bethesda, maryland in sprawling campus. 37 separate institutes and centers. Worlds largest hospital dedicated to clinical research. A little over 23,000 unique patience in 2013. Your questions, your comments for the director of nih. Get your thoughts in a minute. William is up first. Vicksburg, michigan. Democrat, thanks for hanging on the line. Go ahead. Caller actually im from mississippi. Host sorry about that. Go ahead. Caller first of all, thank you to cspan for allowing me to comment on this subject. First of all, first of all, i shouldnt say this but im a free mason and i dont want you guys to lie about health and thing like this because one thing about it is i love to help other people. Its one of the things that i love to do. If you guys are funded for this ebola operation, then you can put forth the most earth to it and i understand that what youre saying and everything but if you reach out to the other cities, countries, states and ask them for funding, if they wont give you funding, ask the other people will they fund you to help the ebola. Because first is the country of America Needs to survive and if anything happens to america, then i believe the whole world is just out of hand. Host dr. Collins, are you preparing for Ebola Outbreak in the United States . Guest i think the chance is low. On the other hand, it would not be shocking if someone with ebola got off a plane at some point in the next few months in the United States because this is such a large outbreak in west africa though efforts are being made to do screening at airports, that is possible but our Public Health system is excellent and such an individual would be rapidly identified, isolated, we would make sure that kind of quarantining took place. I think the chances therefore that you would have a widespread outbreak in this country are low. A testimony to the Public Health system that has been built up over many decades to make it possible for me to say that. The caller is also suggesting that we do need to lean on other countries and i agree with that. The World Health Organization is a major convener of all of those countries trying to help. Lots of ngos involved and particularly to Doctors Without Borders carrying a great deal of the load in the early parts of this outbreak. Weve all got to Work Together. Greet that, you mentioned the statistics about nih. Also important for callers to know most of our money is not spent in bethesda. Goes out in grants. 85 to our best and finest universities and research institutions. When you hear about a break through that happened at stanford or the university of chicago or the university of mississippi or wherever, its very likely if its by a medical research, it was funded by nih. Host lets go back to the situation with ebola in the news that was broken yesterday, the wall street journal has these numbers, 1. 4 million. Cdc worst case easy mat by mid january. 2,811 the latest death toll. This 1. 4 million is if nothing were to happen and doesnt take into calculation what the president announced recently with more money and sending soldiers, sending the u. S. Military down to liberia. Well, exactly. That projection, we have many miami doing this kind of modeling and they come up with somewhat different answers but it does look quite frightening when youre on a exponential curve which is what is happening now in liberia, then over time, you can see numbers very fast into this kind of category of over a million but we want to stop that. So the president s announcement which i was heartened by and involved lots of input from different parts of the government including nih was to make a bold step here to try to put in place efforts to stop this outbreak in going further including asking the department of defense to set up in rapid fashion here 1700 beds in liberia so those individuals who aren infected or thought potentially to have been exposed can get the kind of treatment and isolation they decurvee serve but that wont be enough. We also have to have a plan actively pursued about how do you handle individuals who are potentially exposed outside of these treatment units because we wont have enough space for all of them to come in. Lots of work being done on that. Obviously the countries where this is all happening, liberia, sierra leone, guinea, with the leaders increasingly effective in engaging with communities, this has to be a full bore effort on the part of efficient everybody involved. The u. S. Of course has an i want worldwide in trying not just to be sol injuries to the world but doctors to the world. I think were pulling out all the stops to do what we can. Larry in alexandria, independent call you are. Yes. Caller good morning. I want to thank you first for putting himself in harms way in dealing with these issues because we have some things out there that i know they just havent yet spoke of but what noters me is it is taking so long for them to get a handle on potential answers to questions like they said, theyve had since 1976. Is there any way to cut down, anything we can do to cut down the time lag in fighting these . We have to analyze them after so many deaths before we get the idea that maybe this is important . Guest very sobering question. One we all struggle with. No one anticipated when the first case of ebola appeared in new guinea in march of this year that there was the potential for this kind of explosive outbreak and for the first couple of months looked like it was under control and then by the summer things started to happen that were alarming. It is very challenging given the already difficult circumstances in these west africa countries as far as Public Health systems which are in many cases quite rude men try to mount effective effort. That made this difficult. The fact that the outbreak han in the cities has made this much harder than previous since 1976 mostly in rural a areas, more easily contained. It was sort of the perfect storm. I share the callers sense of urgency and frustration about how hard it has been to get on the ground every resource we think is needed but im heartened by the steps taken in the last couple of weeks especially by the u. S. Government. We do need more partners on the International Stage and im hoping more of them will step up to the plate as well. This is an International Worldwide Public Health emergency. No one should hang back if they have resources to contribute. Host i want to introduce another topic, dr. Collins. That is security at labs. Its a story in the news recently with lab agencies, not just your own but cdc and others, heres u. S. A. Today yesterday. What has nih done since reports have come out about mice being infected with the ebola. What has nih done . Guest were taking this very seriously greta, an issue we really need to attend to maintain public trust. Important to point out that though there have been surprise discoveries of agents around for a long time, decades in some instances that have been lost track of, no individuals were hurt as a result of it. No risk to the public. At the same time, recognizing that it is possible for things to slip through after many years of people coming and going from an institution like nih or cdc. We are in the midst of doing a thorough sweep of every freezer, refrigerator, shelf, drawer, to make sure that everything is where it should be and were well along with that and by the end of this month will have a full reporting of what we have found here at nih and likewise, we have asked all our granting institutions, most of the people in the u. S. That do medical research to do the same. A Good Opportunity to take a full inventory. Again, i will not want anyone to be alarmed that there is a serious risk to Public Health as a result of this, but it is prudent for us to be sure our house is in order and thats what were doing. Host is there enough money for the nih and laboratories at universities, enough money separated out for security . Guest i think so. We will put in place today a new sort of recommendation that will be announced later on today about how they should Pay Attention to biosecurity issues in relation to research that might potentially be used for nefarious purposes by those that have malintent about what they want to do with certain types of research, dual use research of concern. Universities are struggling now. Nih is struggling. Frankly in answer to your question, maybe i should point out that nih and all granting institutions have lost about 25 of our purchasing power for research over the last 10 years. Putting a stress on the system and a lot of great science that wed like to do is slowed down or stopped as a result of this ten year decline. Its rather ironic when america has led the world in Biomedical Research for about 50 years that we are now slipping in that regard when other countries are coming up fast. That is bad for the potential here of medical sad vanses, bad for our economy. Im hoping that over the course of time and very soon, in fact, Decision Makers in the congress will figure out a way to turn this corner and bring us back into a stable support for this remarkable engine of discovery, Biomedical Research in the United States. Host who has oversight over the University Labs . Is it the federal government . Guest yes. Every one of our granting institutions as part of the contract they sign on with us in order to receive taxpayer money to do research have certain obligations they have to follow and institutional biosafety committees that oversee this issue of biosafety in place for a long time. Those are activity involved in this Current Business of looking for any evidence that their are agents in places that shouldnt be. They are strongly in a place i think which ought to provide a lot of confidence that these institutions are very much taking care of the issue. Host we go do michael, North Carolina, independent caller. Good morning. Caller hi. How are you today . Good morning. Go ahead. Caller dr. Collins, with all the good help we do around the world, thats what america is about, when are we going to remember the three Million People here that have help tie at this time b. Add450 coming out. Fda is real slow on letting that out. They let Everything Else out. Commercials that you wouldnt want to be stuck with the disease you have before you try the side effects. This is no side effects. For three million nonresponders. 120,000 for a 90 day course of steadily funded technology. They use federal money to come up with this drug. My tax money and right now, im dying. Im in stage 3. The Insurance Companies with the no caps are turning me down. On getting this medication. Yet you have three Million People in the country that are nonresponders. You are a cure, a proven cure for this disease yet i have no problems with helping the rest of the world, doctor, but three Million People, out of the three million, how many people are not going to be able to afford this with Insurance Companies turning them down to buy the medication and the next step is a liver transplant. Im 258 years old. I will not take a liver transplant because a 4yearold deserves a new liver before a 58yearold. Guest thats a troubling story from our caller from North Carolina but there is a lot of excitement right now about the ability to cure hepatitis c with the new come points just pushed through and approved by the fda. Im deeply troubled that the caller is not able to get access to that because of the cost and there is a lot of discussion about the cost. Point out however that even though the drugs are expensive, it is very expensive also not to be cured of help tie at this time c an such things as transplants cost more than the drug. I dont know exactly the callers situation but i would think in this circumstance tans, there oughted to be a plan by the drug manufacturer to make this available to those that cant find the resources or dont have the insurance to cover it and i dont know how to handle this on the air but i would encourage the caller certainly to get in touch with the company and ask if there is some way to get access if the insurance is not providing coverage. Host okay. Fred in florida. Democrat. Caller good morning. Im confines are fused. About 10 or 12 years ago, you made a movie about the ebola virus in africa, dustin hoffman, morgan freeman. All these people was in the movie and another question, why is it you got the white doctors out and two of them but left a few behind causing all of these illnesses. Doesnt make sense. At. Guest im not sure about the relationship to the movie. Halves an opportunity to raise consciousness about the facts there are these new viruses emerging all the time that place potentially a Worldwide Community at risk and something we should be working hard to anticipate, develop therapeutics and vaccines for. What weve been talking about. The two individuals that were air lifted from liberia, that was something that their organizations, samaritans purse wanted to put in the resources to do. That was not. Money that was responsible for their traveling to the u. S. And being cared for. But in fact, u. S. Citizens, as they were, are entitled to ask to come back into the country if they need medical care. There was no reason to refuse that. Happily, both of them recovered with the care they got at Emory University hospital. Of course, there are now thousands of people in west africa who are infected. There is no practical way to move them out of the space where they current are so the big effort now has to be to provide care for them there in country. And that would apply also to health care providers. Many of whom sadly have always been infected and hundreds of them have died as a result of ebola. But the big push has to be to get things on the ground in liberia, in sierra leone, in guinea, to make it possible to treat those who become infected and reduce the number of new infections. Thats what this is all about. John, independent, good morning. Caller good morning. My question is about the z pack. Are you guy making more . Is that what theater using to treat the people that came back . They ran out. Is there more and all the troops that theyre sending, are they going to get the vaccines before they go . Guest so the vaccine is not ready yet to be delivered to anybody right now. It is just this face one trial in Healthy Volunteers to see if it is safe and generates an antibiotic. The troops going now to set up the 1700 beds are not able to have access to that because its happening right all of today washington journal available at cspan. Org. The u. N. Security counsel is about to meet. President obama will chair this meeting. They will be talking about terrorism and a resolution requiring countries to prosecute foreign fighters, those individuals who leave home countries to join extremist groups like isis. It should get underway shortly. A reminder, we have been asking twitter,cebook and what is the greatest threat the United States should address. You can post your comments on the facebook page, facebook. Com cspan, and also on twitter, cspanchat
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