Later, scott walker. A look Clay Whitehead year he led government efforts in the 1960s to break up communication monopolies. Some of his former colleagues spoke at the library of congress. This is about one hour and 40 minutes. Members and friends, i have the pleasure of serving this institution as the associate librarian of congress. We are here to celebrate the official assessment of the clay t. Whitehead papers. This evening marks the beginning on many levels. From this point forward the library of congress has pledged to provide access to the story. The personal history of his participation in critical events of the 20th century. We also pledged the necessary corollary to protect and preserve these materials in perpetuity. He yells from kansas where his interest in ham radio foretold his life work. Graduate and undergraduate studies in the engine if not the engineer a huge lead to sweeping and lasting a changes in the entire Communications Landscape in the United States and the world. While he means his reputation on this in ensuring a smooth transition, we know from our experiences that researchers, scholars, curious citizens will find ways to learn from this collection that we cannot imagine today. The continuing interest in technology was the subject of one that was reviewed today in the wall street journal. This gives us much pride. Under the leadership under billington and the chief of the Manuscript Division and his extraordinary staff. This has been a further website and much of the collection. There are gems here to be discovered by future generations. She has discovered the most important ways to use this description of specific items to assist those who will mind these riches in the years to come. The web site provides links to other protections. It became part of their history. Everything will be connected. We are celebrating this evening collaborations of all kinds that can only benefit the quest of knowledge. The library of congress is all about this quest. Manuscripts, and musical scores, and frankly any medium from the past or present are yet to be invented in the future that will contain knowledge. These things are connected by the thousands of people or our doors literally or virtually every day. These form the foundation of the library of congress as a library but also its role as classrooms, lecture halls, a performance space, and vinnys for enlightenment and discovery of new things. It is with this in mind that it is a pleasure to turn the podium over to dr. Market whitehead he will say a few remarks and introduce our program for this evening. Thank you. [applause] u. S. So kind and brilliant. I hope after these remarks that none of the will worry about this. I will say it is all there. Government officials, colleagues, new friends, i am simply thrilled and honored to see each of you here tonight. Thank you for coming to this library from across the street. It is a joy to thing you are here. This has become a heartwarming experience to learn how connected you are to each other. And now connected we all are to each other through this. The fight for Internet Freedom, and the Great American pastimes. Poker. Thank you for leading the library. For your great judgment and bringing not heard here. During the month of procurements she has been an important support. I have learned she is a continent librarian. Perez me is luminescent with cum laude in divisions across the world that will help her lead this into the digital age. It is a privilege to have her here. I thank you both. He originated the idea. I also extend my warmest thanks to the president and ceo of the hudson institute. This evening is very generous. I think with my whole heart a distinguished fellow at the institute for supporting and applying his famously great mind to so many hours to Tom Whitehead as a topic. Let me turn to you and say that if he were here he would thank you extravagantly. He helped to make them significant enough to be here. I hope you will forgive me. There are so many samples of this. He is generally credited with the structure of the deregulation of at t. When henry glover discredited him. Lets get to tom. Drop the entire time i was married to tom and day and never went by without his saying two phrases. If you could just fill in the blank i bet you could fill in the blank. This set up an action. What you call this the framework seems toes thinking, have been treated to forethought and analysis. This was the case from breakfast to bedtime. Let to some remarkable results. There are practical jokes that begin to these. The evidence is all around this room. Even today they consider it a major accomplishment with scalia. This is in the papers. These are mostly the two sets of white house papers and director of the offer of Communications Policies. Theres a national exchange. I fear that the galaxy or communications that are part of the story are nonexistent. The Business Plan he devised is under review. How did tom if you could just mentality to this treasure library. . He took the papers with him when he left the white house. During the jurassic era and he brought claytwhitehead. Com. He invited and recorded his esteemed future colleagues and friends. They work don baker, henry geller, bill hatfield, brian lamb, glenn robinson, dick wiley. He brought his papers from the basement and put them right in the midst of our lives. Bringing susan into our lives to do this. He read some of the book. Lastly, he dreamed of a tough kampalas a journal on the weather. As an afterthought he said 8 Telecom Journal on the it, he was doing two things. These were his deep opposition to the regulation of the internet and is upset over the lack of Internet Freedom. With all of this turmoil in called a friendrne to interview him. He spoke at length about the ark of telecom history to which i believe he has contributed. I have seen this long before his loss. It made me want very much to donate papers. I knew that he did not like attention. I am sure that is no surprise to any of the appeared he would stand in the back row of every photograph. See and introducing himself as a small businessman. He wase the first to say a very small businessmen. He set the stage for the donation up his papers. The bills were coming in and the unfinished s. A. And the concerns of the abolition of policies field my conviction. It seems a short lead to have the papers reside here. They will compensate with the lack of the papers with my multiyear project. The bat was made. The bet was mde ade that i would come to this magnificent building with our family and our colleagues to celebrate with the panel. I bet that i could ask the most accomplished moderator in washington and anywhere to lead it. He has been a force for almost all of his career. Six months after graduating from Harvard College he found himself working for moynihan in the Nixon White House for urban affairs and environmental issues. He returned to washington where he was Ronald Reagans deregulation czar. Because of his leadership, the most prominent Public Policy institute in the world, we recognize him as a giant in the industry. I am delighted to introduce them as a moderator of our panel. [applause] thank you for your grace, a care, intensity of purpose that has brought us all together. We extend thanks and congratulations to Jim Billington and their colleagues at the library of congress for undertaking to preserve the papers. Theres a competition of ideas. Among interest the article that nacelles politically entrenched, farmers, retirees. Among ideas, the advantage lies with those that mobilize tangible constituencies, green energy, home ownership, too big to fail finance, a new interest and ash that idea is. The operate at a disadvantage. This is an idea that is good that hypothetical. In not only lacks the live constituency but is actively opposed by the interests. There are cases where such ideas to somehow prevail. If showers society with unanticipated benefits. It is for this reason that we should document, a steady, celebrate, and emulate, whitehead and the amazing history of this telecommunication policy in 19701974 and his subsequent career as a path breaking of your printer work pact breaking an entrepreneur. Margaret has established an launch this today. It does take some explaining. Tom was a reserved and cerebrum man. He was preoccupied with the construction of things rather than their appearance. He could be confident and incisive and analyzing problems and strategies. He would sit saying nothing at unsettlingg at hiin silence. He was vacationing mysterious and in direct in his met it so that no one knew exactly where he was going met did so no one knows that where he was going until he was there. Anyone would have judged them as a brainy academic who would be a complete disaster. His practical accomplishments were not only great but also transforming. So much so they risk being obscured by the nobel prize fallacy. When it is announced each october, newspaper readers explain he got the nobel prize for that . It is completely obvious. What they fail to see is how strange and errant the idea had appeared to be when it was first propounded eight early propounded decades early. It had been dismissed until its triumphs so completely it became the new conventional wisdom and then penetrated the wider culture. Our aim is to provide prospective and perhaps a bit of personal color to the days of yore when a young nixon aide advanced a set of policy ideas that were denounced and dismissed and forcefully opposed by the entire telecommunications establishment. That would be the telephone monopoly, three Television Networks who together control the airwaves in evening news. I should mention the pentagon, the federal communication commission, and powerful quarters with in the Nixon White House itself. In a few crowded years, tom and his band dispatched them all. There is a manifesto and government instruments record those no longer an extension cord for broadcast television but a robust alternative with hundreds of channels suited to every taste and interest. With the essential first steps toward todays system of universal 24 7 Wireless Voice and communications practically available to every office on the planet. He was working in a white house where intellectual band with was appreciated, dominated by henry kissinger, Daniel Patrick moynihan, arthur burns. His reputation had risen so high by the spring of 1974 that he was asked to chair a secret effort to plan an hour by hour government should president nixon resign his office, and after that they did not even know about. He he suddenly walked away from it all. Hes all more clearly than others that his policies had opened a new avenues for radical innovation. The system pioneered the now standard model of Cable Television providers owning and managing their own spacebased distribution channels. Finny chairethen newly chaired e luxembourg. It is one of the worlds two largest commercial satellite companies. He used the scheme of National Allocation of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum to obliterate the european state television monopolies. The Business Career recapitulated his government career. It confused the status quo establishment and then transformed its. He died at the age of 69, much too young. It was 2008. The new world a pluralistic Dynamic Communications was a reality. He was busying himself after the margins of disruption such as promoting Internet Freedom. This was devoted to photography and dark rooms, rocketry and chemistry. As an undergraduate in the late 1960s, he spent 10 months working on Experimental Electronics designs at bell labs in murray hill. His bachelors and match shook masters degrees were in technical engineering. These led to several years at the rand corp. And u. S. Army. The next year something surprising happens. He was asked to direct a budget policy issues for the Hubert Humphrey president ial campaign. This approach reminded tommy had always regarded himself as a republican. He declined the offer and offered his services to the Richard Nixon campaign. During the transition in late 1968, he worked on defense and Budget Planning in an obscure attic with an elite team that included alan greenspan. During his first year in the Nixon White House he became increasingly concerned that the federal Communications Policies toward suppressing technological innovation and conceived the idea of the special White House Office to break the jam of agencies and commercial protectionism. He floundered on the task of finding the right person to head the effort. Reluctantly, he agreed to take on the assignment himself. One indication of the force of his intellect and character is the extraordinary quality of the individuals he attracted to the new office of Telecommunications Policy. A new law professor with an interest in regulatory policy. Antonin scalia signed off as counsel. They are with us this evening. Three other veterans will begin our panel presentations. Henry goldberg is succeeded as the general counsel is one of the deans of american communications. Dale hatfield went on to a distinguished career in academics and government. Was acting director of the successor office and the commerce department. During his consulting days he worked with tom in a variety of business centers. This was the key architect of the bell system breakup and Telecommunications Deregulation following a highly successful career as a consulting economist. He returned to his all modern where he is not a centennial prof. Of Public Policy and a senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy research. Following these three presentations we will hear from Global Entrepreneur t oms partner. The concluding presentation will be from a professor at george mason in and one of americas post prolific scholars of Telecommunications Policy. He was toms colleague during the latter years when tom was a visiting professor at george mason and an active participant in the information economy project. Further information about our speakers is in the programs. [applause] thank you. Thank you very much. It is an honor to be on this panel with my old colleagues and friends. It is a little odd to be on a panel in which the point of view is toms. [laughter]i am the leadoff speaker. My purpose is to discuss the significance of that Tom Whiteheads career. Why should anyone care about his papers . Let alone want to read them . He had many accomplishments. I will focus on the ones that not only had a profound at the time but also made a contribution from which we benefit today. It turns out that all of these are accomplishments involve Video Services although they had an impact on other Telecom Services as well. When tom entered government and 1968, the Telecom World had one Telephone Company with earthbound wires that provided among other things carriage videos signals over long distances. The distances impose great cost s since video requires a lot of bandwidth. It is expensive to have a national tv broadcast network. Three companies did. There were many local tv broadcast stations and Community AntennaCable Tv Companies that retransmit those signals. The 12channel cable system was stateoftheart. Contrast that world with a world we have today. A world of Program Channels offered from a variety of sources through a variety of technologies, representing many viewpoints. The world in which new technology is welcomed and new competitors are at least the goal of policymakers. I am not saying that Tom Whitehead is responsible for this. Maybe i am. You decide. Pomposity toms letter to the Telecom World was communication technology. Most of his lasting contributions had to do with Satellite Technology. Satellite technology was the ideal Disruptive Technology for its time. It solved most of the problems that tied us to the constricted Telecom World of 1968. It is like a tall radio tower. Any place on the globe that can see the satellite can transmit. It has a lack of in with. It can carry a lot of tv signals at a low cost. He proceeded for the tasks he had in mind. It was opening up the Telecom Industry to new tv program voices, new opportunities for competition, and new services for consumers. To do this, he started with a simple idea that we called a policy that held any technically or financially qualified company could launch or operate a communication salad i satellite. In one stroke, adoption of this policy led to the entry of new satellite carriers. Because of competition, nationwide connections were affordable for start up Compa