Tour visits chico, california. For six years, we have traveled to u. S. Cities, bringing the our viewers. You can learn more online. Media smack down, deconstructing the news and media journalism. Reporter of the Indianapolis Star for 25 years. He is a prolific author in retirement. He put together the manuscript and brought me toward the end of things to bring a different perspective to the work. The book gives this brush over of the history of journalism. There is a nice chapter on that. The basic idea is you have these series of factors that transform journalism in the last 75 years. We had the rise of corporate ownership starting in 1946. We had the rise of the internet. We had the rise of the world wide web, which changed almost everything and allowed individuals to participate. Economicad global collapse starting about 2007. Along with that, we had the rise and socialnes, apps, media. You have this corporate storm, declining returns because of competition and economic issues, result, ave, as a flood of information and bad economic times, which really crippled the Corporate Media and took a lot of journalists out of the industry whether willingly or not. Media smack down traces the evolution of newspapers in particular from Partisan Press nominally objective press back to a Partisan Press. In the book we talk about that there is a far left press, near left press, near right press, conservative right press, but there is a huge swath in the middle who are not being reached by any of those things. Is not being reached by thing. Tople tend to gravitate their ideological outlets. There are people in the middle who have to go to both sides but dont want either. With end up with at this point in time people can tune into things they already believe, things that interest them, that have already interested in rather than things that they need to hear. That is the nature of a Partisan Press. That is kind of a funny thing. A Partisan Press existed until frank80s, at which point nette and others said we cannot make as much money if we have a Partisan Press. We can sell advertisers on the side or that side. If we have an objective press, we can sell to advertisers on both sides. We can make more money. It is impossible to be objective. The norm of objectivity has become this funny thing that has been replaced by advocacy journalism on one side. It has been replaced by neoconservatives on the side. Ators more of an opinion o press than an objective press. I have people i know who wrote the manuscript, and they were working for corporate groups, and they were very offended. The corporate perspective is we are saving journalism, not hurting it. You can look at it two different ways. One of the things corporations that tried to do for journalism is trying to systematize it, routinize it, make it a product that can be duplicated from place to place. , that it isundation a product that can be marketed, that has not like milk an expiration date. News is like milk. It has an expiration date. It is anchored to one place. Hadre pasteurization, milk to be made in the community where it was going to be distributed. The corporatization of media was sort of like pasteurization. We just make it homogenous and spread it out. Community journalism is more about purpose. It is really about being a communitys historical record, covering Community Better than anyone else, making a difference. Two conflicting ideas. Corporate journalism is not necessarily a bad thing. It is just how it is executed from place to place. It is difficult to homogenize news. There are two ways of looking at the trust issue in the public. One is that we had more trust because people trusted the institution. They understood that there was a process, that there was a reporter who would do the interview and write the story. Then there would be an editor who would look at it. There would be a copy editor. It would be a multiple touch process. What comes out would be this fixed form thing that was carefully researched and part of the historical record. We are now at a point where we have a 24 second news cycle. We have gone from a two or three day new cycle to a 24 hour news cycle to 24 second new cycle on twitter. Attention spans have gotten very short. They will move on to the next thing. There is a lot of information. It is hard it is hard for people to process everything in a headline or tweak. A lot of us are just reading news fed. In our ed. We have a lot of information. When you have a lot of information and so little time to digest it, you dont trust any of it. Stop thinking about thinking of it as trustworthy. I trust this when i hear the exact opposite from someone else . We about Public Perceptions of what comes to a liberal press, the conservative press. A great example is npr and cnn. They have kind of taken over the more liberal press and the publics mind even though they tried to fight that perception most of the time. Fox has cheerfully embraced the conservative role. Fox has shifted towards the middle of little bit. Other organizations have stepped into the farther right. They are self identifying. We are at a point in history where strangely we are having a self identified Partisan Press. As far as the New York Times and Washington Post are trying to hang in the middle, they are being identified as part of the liberal problem by our conservative administration among other things. The choices are being made by our politicians. They are being made by individuals based on their belief systems. They are being made by what shows up in your feed, when you choose to follow. Individuals are identifying what they see as politically conservative, liberal. I think journalism is still working well and still working best in small communities. In the flyover states where no one else is covering the happenings in those communities. Criticalts are still to the life of those communities. Journalism is still hard to survive given the fact that advertising has declined. If you have a small town and local advertisers, you can still do ok. Journalism is still being done very well in weekly newspapers across the country. They are still sticking to the mission. It is the big dailies, corporate newspapers, that are part of the problem. Big television stations, websites, the heavy hitters. Fixed, not a finished, when aproduct that ends story is published. This is the media that function for a long time in the United States. The public has to be involved in the conversation. That is what is going to save journalists and journalism. Publication of an article used to be the end of the process. The reporter would write the story, handed in, move on. Now it is just the beginning. It is where the conversation starts. The public has to be involved. We have to be a trusted filter. We have to be listeners. I say we because i was a journalist for 12 years. I was raised in the business. It is hard not to think of it that way. It is ok that journalists are granting themselves, building their own credibility, building followers. People find them and say i trust this person. That is the Walter Cronkite model. This is someone i found it gives me good information on a routine basis and gives me hope. That is not a bad thing. That is a good thing. This approach to journalism predominantly as being something that is practiced by newspaper reporters and in broadcasting. Is of the things we do provide a vital subset of doing writing, interviewing, publishing across multiple platforms that basically when you are doing is being a tformpot la storyteller. Post, entry, facebook 1000 word story, facebook story, video, or some combination or a platform does not exist. The story dictates how it will be told. Same skillusing the set, classic skill set and our students are doing great jobs. They are not working for newspapers, but we focus on a set of values that includes ethics, diversity, professionalism and free speech. Again values, that are beneficial across the board. For students that go into journalism, spain journalism, we have people who are putting content out there that is credible and trustworthy and necessary for a functional democracy. A functional democracy needs a free press. Facebook, google, twitter, media needs a democracy and journalism will survive because they need journalism to surprise. Sex, drugs and rock n roll the 1960s cant to g countercultural. A whole the of american bohemia. Progenitorsarly like edgar allen, walter whitman. I talked about members of the lyrical left of the earliest 20th century. I talk about the hipsters. I focus on the beats. I get to figures on the cast of allen ginsberg. Biographical elements in the book. I go on and talk about Timothy Leary and a whole array of characters who course through the decades of the 1960s. We think of thewe think of the , we think of hippies, of participants in one capacity or another. Werewere individuals who disenchanted with matters as they were in some fashion. About theconcerned republic, its growth, continuance. They were concerned about the war in vietnam. Two of the twin pillars, in a manner of speaking. But they were also concerned family relationships and personal dealings. Consciousness and rationality. Coalescingwas this demographic,me some economic, some literary, some cultural, some political in together andelded provided this backdrop that allowed for the counterculture this larges to be in scope and scale that it proved to be. Several sparks or triggers for the counterculture of the 1960s. I think you have the backdrop of the cold war. Internationally speaking, domestically, i am told simultaneously, i think you have a feeling in that reality of alienation that i referred to i think theneously, i thin u demographic matters. You have these large pools of young people congregating together, often on or near College University campuses. And then you have those terrible realities of racism and war. A largethat enabled number of young people to be receptive to different possibilities. And then you have these key but thensburg, you have a great bands. And the great musicians of a more solitude. Bob dylan so the beatles. Rplane. I think young people were drawn was of aes that challenging effort. A provocative cast. Sometimes of a radical nature. Contesting the varies in place. Contesting america institutions. And contesting the way people interact with one another. And the way people behave. There is a radical facet of the counterculture that i highlight. There will revolution a possibilities inherent in some of this which is why it is as strange ase what it was considered by the powers that were and treated accordingly. There are other as strange as what it was considered by the powers that avenues and the setting up of an underground newspaper. There are new kinds of comics in place. There are others. The rag is an underground newspaper in austin in the 1960s. I talked about that. It was this incredible a you can go back and look of the issues and get the snapshot look of so much that was going on visavis the counterculture and the other movements of the entire period. Really interesting matters to reflect on and i grapple on the question on how universal the countercultural was. We think of Greenwich Village new york city other pockets of venice. But the reality is, where young people can congregate, you can for and then the planting of the counterculture which means virtually any college for and university as te in thelities inherent fact there was a community of likeminded people that will be present. For instance, one of the focal points in one of the chapters is on austin, texas the university of texas. Of question why that would be included. Wherenercity of texas the epicenters in their own fashion for a the new left, the antiwar movement, the counterculture, the womens movement. Microcosm examining the process just like how i focus on hate. Earlier in scope, you can talk about the appearance at Columbia University of the small circle of friends which did not matter. It was ginsberg. Their buddies who were challenging the institution that was columbia. They were challenging the literary establishment. Asey were questioning he does in his famous epic poem road. Does it on the howell, which was presented in 1955, the publication of on the road two years later. They serve as triggers. Of appearance, the emergence the project at harvard, believe it or not, which involved Timothy Leary and eventually richard alpert. And, brought in young people to serve as kind of guinea pigs as it were, and proved to the enormously controversial. Surprisingly what was most controversial for the institution was the fact that undergraduates were included in the mix. It was ok if Community Members or graduate students who harvard along thdid along the lines. Pranksters, johnny across america in the summer of 1964. The west. A positivet was not experience. Meet in now for above new york city and that was not a happy experience either. Leary did not greet the pranksters even though it was 3000 miles for that encounter to take place. You get later into the 1960s, mid1960s and latter portion of it. It is almost like there is one event after another. There are the antiwar protests. Oakland and the bay area in general that involves ginsberg and the pranksters and the hells angels. There are the just that the printers put on 66, 67. There is the human being beacon in San Francisco. Golden gate park in january of 1967. Summer of love in 1967. Odstock. Whato killings byg of the Charles Manson gang in late 1969. If theres almost as thatthese ethical points eventuated and some spoke to the better side of the angelic , some spoke to the darker side. su end up with people own weaknesses and the these violation the drug usage brings about and the sexuallytransmitted diseases ushered in. Lives that arest a part of story. Thatink of the successes there are those burned out along the way. The musicians who died the is up over because of drug overdose. Jimmy and jim died janis joplin, jimi hendrix and Jimmy Morrison died in 1971. There were countless lesserknown figures who theirion became occupational opportunities blunted, stillborn. Some of the people never recovered. Recover. Ds didnt their damaged relationships reknitted. Aspects lots of serious to the counterculture. Possibilityial , some of them seemingly reach to the stars, right . A millennial like manner. In some ways, it is an apocalyptic reality which helps of howen the hopes transformative this might have been. I talk about this at the near close of the book. We haveuter revolution experienced over the last few decades. The pc revolution. Silicon valley. A lot of that is, believe it or not, connected with the counterculture. Tote a bit is pertaining whom belongs to those pursuits. To reach ahe attempt different kind of consciousness in different ways and, just as the u. S. Intelligence agencies and u. S. Military help to sp counterculture through drug tests and help to spread the gospel about the military is heavily involved in embracing the computer revolution. The 1970s and beyond. Symbioticeird relationship between the counterculture and the u. S. Ilitary im not suggesting it is conspiratorial. I am suggesting there is this and that is one of the reasons why they counterculture impact has been as enduring as it has been. Thereso been viewed have been cliches brought about it. Stereotypes cast around it. It has been largely dismissed and denigrated. I think it needs to be received and perceived for the cultural and potentially Political Force it was. It was a radical on closing with revolutionary possibilities. Religion play out. In the matter that was hoped for. I think that was obviously. But, again, the impact nevertheless of the counterculture was huge and remains so today. The name of our book is lost causes, blended sentences. Take 3300ted tio , from 2007 and 2011, which have received such a sentence. What happens when they get out is there prior questions. Not all of you do we trace the history and look at a couple of case studies of the movement, but then, we also look at what of the what kind institutional misconduct of these kids engage in. Engages and more misconduct . What are the factors that determine whether youth is released without supervision, with supervision or the adult side. We can understand the inner workings of that decisionmaking. And then we look at the ultimate recidivism. How much misconduct they were involved in, the background come individual characteristics which of those most strongly predict how they behave when they get out. How many are committing new crimes . Other rates of recidivism as high as 80 can get out and commit a new offense. Oftentimes a felony. It for overvaluated 2, 3 decades. Is it working . Based on how the kids behave when they get out. Through the 1960s and 1970s, it has mirrored the National Landscape of justice. Rehabilitatives in nature. Parent of the state basically means the system is meant to take care of any youth that may wander away from the straight and narrow. Becoming involved in criminal behavior. Texas mirrored approaches to providing rivulets asian to keep you rehabilitation to keep you outh out of criminal. Teaxas mirrored the National Average figure out what do we do . How probably going to address this . Try are we going to do to to a piece of society politically and otherwise, right . To hold these views accountable . In texas, they struggled with this shift in accountabilitybased justice. The juvenile system is supposed to say this is our response ability to get you responsibility to get you back on the right trajectory. It shifted toward his more personal accountability. A set of who is this youth, what is the background, do they have a support network . Wense driven system are interested in what they did and punish them accordingly. Legislature, they had both sides of the aisle agreeing this was not working. Either youth was serving either five months of incarceration in texas or they were being eithercertified and going to cod serving lengthier sentences. We are seeing some cracks and too severe in others. We are trying to figure out what to do in between and how to appease the masses and come up with his thirthis third prong of justice. This was a way to basically provide what they call juvenile blende