27th than there had been? or was the threat level any higher? was there any increase in the number of threats on june 27th than there had been in march? >> my answer to that is, we're not -- i'm not going to discuss necessarily specific details of the threat information we have except, as i said, in the case of where we had actionable intelligence that a given sipt was going to be targeted. i can say that we would reiterate the language in our latest travel warning for turkey which did note increased threats from terrorist groups. >> -- before you ever receive a travel warning from turkey or increase from the previous travel warning? >> it was increased from the previous travel warning. >> increased from the previous travel warning. that's helpful because that at least helps us understand a little better. >> yeah. >> and is there no way of -- another thing. you look at the march travel warning, and it notes the ordered departure. there is no timeline on that ordered departure in that travel warning, unless i'm mistaken. it just says, order departure normally and they're ordered gone until you rescind that. right? so i don't understand why you felt it necessary to put out a note on monday night extending the ordered departure until a particular date. i understand the change in dropping one of the provinces, but i don't understand why you felt it necessary to give an end date for the ordered departure status because it was indefinitely when you originally did it. so why do that? >> i'm, frankly, not sure that it isn't indefinite. i think it was internally at least we do have to extend these periodically and i think that it was an effort to notify the public that that ordered departure was going to be extended. that's my understanding with be that when an ordered departure is extended, in which case is does have to be done straig administratively by the department, it does have an end date. >> why not try to make more explicit the difference between the travel warning from june and the travel warning from march? it seems to me that american citizens would have benefited from knowing on monday that there was even more threats than there had been in march. why not make that clear, you know? we're issuing this because there is even more threats out there than there were in aour last on. just seems to me you're giving the citizenry more information. why not do that rather than forcing all of us to do this reading of the last one and the current one and then not actually understanding until 48 hours later what the difference is? >> well, again, i don't want to draw unnecessarily a link between the issuance of this travel warning and yesterday's tragic attack at ataturk airport. think this vehicle, which is the travel warning, is simply a way to periodically update the american public on where we stand, how we assess the security of a given country. it can be for a lot of reasons, not just terrorism. though that's probably the reason we talk about most. and i think in that respect, it does that. if we have, as i said, imminent -- or information about an imminent attack or threat, that's a different way -- or different vehicle that we'll use to notify the public of that. >> but it's just kind of a practical question. maybe there is an answer. but i don't understand why you wouldn't give people more information if you have it. and you said it's your understanding that there was more threat information as of -- or more threats. >> i'll double check on that, if there was -- because -- >> should americans know that? >> of course. that's why this vehicle exists. but i want to double check whether there was -- i know i said that. i want to go back and double check on whether that's the fact that there was between the last one and this current one that there was more threat information that actually spiked. so make sure i understand that correctly. i'll get back to you on that. >> one clarification about this. emergency message to warn of an imminent threat you said for violent demonstrations and natural disasters and so on, has that been used before to warn of a terrorist attack? >> yes. i can come up with -- i can get you specific examples. but yes, it has. >> how common is that, that it would be used -- >> well, it's obviously not that common because it is rare that we have actionable intelligence of an imminent terrorist attack. but in that case, there's precedent for this and -- >> -- in south africa a few weeks ago. >> i think you're right. i think that's correct. but we can double check on that. >> you said a few minutes ago that the turks are investigating, and that no one's been able to determine who is responsible. but everyone keeps suggesting that this has the hallmarks of an isil attack. is that the working assumption of the u.s. government? are they ruling out the pkk or other groups that might have some grievance against the turkish government? >> it's a fair question. >> hello, i'm pamela brown and this is cnn's special breaking news coverage of a deadly terror attack inside one of the busiest airports in the world. you just heard from the state department warning american travelers to use caution. three terrorists detonating suicide bombs at istanbul's airport. a senior turkish official says authorities are still working to i.d. the attackers who blew themselves up. while there is still no claim of responsibility, terror experts say it has the hallmarks of an isis-style attack. here's how a witness describes one of the attackers. >> he had -- he had the gun over here and he's shooting up two times and he is beginning to shoot the people. like that. like he was walking like a prophet. you know? >> we also now have something we don't usually ever see in the aftermath of a terror attack, the moment the suicide bomb explodes. i want to warn you, the images you are about to see are disturbing. the video shows one of the attackers running through the terminal and you can see him get shot by police fire. watch here as he falls down. an officer appears to take another shot at close range before running for his own life. you saw the bomber fumble around, then seconds later the attacker's suicide vest explodes. as we are about to see in this video, right here. i want to go live to cnn's alexandra field, live right outside the istanbul airport there. we saw the explosion inside. there were three blasts all together, alexandra. what more can you tell us about the timeline of this attack? >> reporter: pamela, we are learning more about how these three attackers coordinated this series of bombings here at ataturk airport, one of the busiest airports in the world, which is back open for business less than one day after these attacks. that image that you just showed our viewers on the screen of that suicide vest detonating of that explosion, that's the first explosion. one of the attackers went into the departure hall with the ak-47, a police officer spots him, shoots him as he falls to the ground. he detonates his suicide vest first. after that we learn from state news that a second assailant walks toward the arrivals hall. there is a screen, people near the security check-in begin to run, they begin to scatter. we're told that this suspect then begins firing into the hall before triggering his own vest before it even cleared the security gate. then the third attacker in the parking lot outside of the international hall who then detonates his vest. so a series, a coordinated series of attacks. these three suspects armed with guns. then their suicide vests arriving here together in a taxi. this is the entrance that i'm standing at of ataturk airport. it is where taxis are again this evening, pulling in and dropping off passengers. people are flying out and arriving here at this airport. there is a heavy layer of security in place, but this is somewhat the same scene that people would have faced when they came here yesterday or two days ago. there was always security at the arrivals hall. there was always security at the departures hall. but we are learning the first attacker went into the departure hall, the second attacker never even passed the security gate before detonating his vest at the earrivals. the human death toll is of course now the focus. we do now know that 41 people were killed in this attack, 128 people still hospitalized tonight, pamela. >> i know there is a little bit of delay here, alexandra. but what more can you tell us about this taxi driver who dropped the bombers off? i remember after the brussels airport was attacked, the taxi driver in that situation was key in i.d.'ing the attackers. how about this one? >> reporter: yeah. this is obviously somebody that police wanted to speak to. this is the person who would have last been with these three men who were all together when they got to this airport in that taxi. we do now know that police were able to locate the driver. they questioned the driver. the driver provided them with a statement, and then he was released. not clear what was in that statement, what the contents of that statement were. this is somebody who could obviously though be essential in helping to describe these attackers, describe their demeanor, describe what they were saying to one another, what they may have been carrying with them. this is certainly, as you point out, it was critical for the brussels investigation and it could be critical for this investigation. remember, turkish officials here have not yet identified those three attackers. they have said this bears the hallmarks of an isis attack but they have not said who exactly these three men are or were. that's where they are tonight looking into this. >> still no formal claim of responsibility by any terrorist group. alexandra field, thank you so much for bringing us the latest there on the ground in turkey. the deadly attack in turkey happened in soft target areas at the airport. one bomb exploded in the parking lot, as we heard her tell us, then two more blasts right inside near the departures and arrivals. these are areas of the airport that are extremely vulnerable, as we know. today we are also getting some new information about what homeland security officials here in the u.s. are now considering to beef up security in addition to tsa checkpoints. i want to bring in cnn aviation correspondent rene marsh in washington. after brussels and now turkey, is anything about to change here in the u.s.? >> well, pamela, we are seeing quick reaction from some airports across the country. this istanbul airport attack has pushed some u.s. airports to ramp up security, specifically at its perimeters. at jfk airport, laguardia and newark liberty airport, we're told that officers are equipped with tactical weapons and equipment. the world's busiest airport in atlanta, atlanta's hartsfield, they say they've also increased their police presence, again, around the perimeter. right now at u.s. airports, the way security works is that the department of homeland security is responsible for overseeing the screening of passengers, baggage and cargo. but as we know, that all happens at the checkpoint. but the focus with this attack here in turkey, as well as the one you mentioned in brussels, those attacks happened before the checkpoint. we know that any area before the checkpoint is the responsibility here in the united states, usually of the airport, and even local police. now what cnn has learned is that the department of homeland security has been discussing for quite some time options of extending that security reach beyond the checkpoint so that the first line of defense isn't at the ts a-line. but again, those are only discussions. there is no indication at this point that we'll see anything like that play out any time soon at u.s. airports. >> we will have to wait and see what happens. rene marsh, thank you so much for that. officials say 13 foreign nationals are among the 41 killed. right now the number of injured stands at 239. among the injuries, shrapnel wounds and what's known as a blast lung. cnn's matt rivers is live from a hospital right near the airport where wounded are being treated as we speak. matt, have doctors given any indication how grave these injuries are, how many of the 239 are critical? >> reporter: yeah, we absolutely have gotten some information very recently. as of right now, 41 people across the city here still in intensive care as a result of this attack here in istanbul. of that number, no specifications as to how many are still in critical condition, but doctors say they are working around the clock at this particular hospital here behind me. this is quite close to the airport. we spoke to the head doctor here just a few hours ago who could only speak to us for just a minute or so, saying that the level of injury of people inside this hospital was severe enough that he needed to continue to work around the clock. so really some very, very grave injuries. it wasn't long ago that this emergency room behind me was filled with people coming in with those kind of injuries you've described from this attack. the other thing that's been going on at hospitals across the city today is the identification of those people who were killed. officials here, government officials, tell us that 19 families so far have been able to pick up the remains of their loved ones. incredibly grim and tragic work for those families that are just dealing with this unexpected terrible, terrible loss, coming here, having to collect the remains of their loved ones. then you can see people behind me here who were a bit luckier, their loved ones did survive but they are still holding bedside vigils here, making sure their loved ones know they are here supporting them. but for many people, dozens and dozens injured, 128 still receiving treatment across the city, the long road to recovery goes on. >> matt rivers, thank you very much. up next right here in "the newsroom," inside the chilling video of the suicide bomber carrying out his attack. what this video right here tells us about the bomb. plus, it's called a dead man switch. the head of the cia says the suicide bombs are easy to make and he fears isis is plotting similar attacks in the u.s. and moments from now, president obama will hold a news conference likely facing questions on the attack. and donald trump calling on the u.s. to bring back torture. this is cnn special live coverage. from neutrogena amazing sleep stays with you all day and all night. sleep number beds with sleepiq technology give you the knowledge to adjust for the best sleep ever. don't miss the lowest prices of the season going on now, with our best-buy rated c2 queen mattress now only $699.99. know better sleep. only at a sleep number store. welcome back. a cia chief, john brennan, spoke just moments ago about the attack in turkey and he talked about responsibility for the attack. let's take a listen to what he said. >> well, to my knowledge, there's no credible claim of responsibility at this point. but that's not very surprising because at least in most instances, if not all, isis has not claimed credit, responsibility for attacks that are perpetrated inside turkey. i think what they do is they carry out these attacks to gain the benefits from it in terms of sending a signal to our turkish partners. at the same time not wanting to essentially maybe alienating some of those individuals inside turkey that they may still be trying to gain the support of. >> why are they able to pull off these attacks with what seems to be great regularity without the ability to prevent them ahead of time? >> i think there is a variety of reasons. first, when individuals are committed to carry out these attacks, these so-called suicide attacks that kill and maim so many people, they really don't have to worry about an escape route. it makes carrying out that attack so much easier. then they just want to be sure they're able to penetrate whatever sort of perimeter defense there might be and in a lot of these civilian areas there is no perimeter defense. that's part of what an open society is. and also they're able to get their hands on weapons, automatic weapons, whether it be illegally procured in some countries or through the black market in others. and also they're able to take advantage of the technologies that allow them to communicate quite securely without having security and intelligence agencies able to understand what it is that they are plotting. so being able to fabricate a plot, carry it out among a small group of individuals, one, two, or more, it is, unfortunately, a feature of our times that isil in particular has been determined to carry out these attacks. >> is it something that the rest of the world just has to get used to? >> i don't think we should ever get used to it. i think what we have to do is redouble our efforts to try to uncover what they are doing, stop them in terms of carrying out these attacks, but also go to the source of it which is those who are directing and orchestrating these attacks. and isil -- most of the attacks are either directed or incited by their external operations group which is resident in the syria-iraq thetheater. >> i'm struck by several interviews you've done recently, director brennan, you have said that our efforts have not red e reduced isis' capability in global reach. there's a frustration that seems to come through in your -- not that there is an expression on your face. i mean, what does this mean to you as somebody who's been working in this area for so long? >> well, any intelligence, security or law enforcement professional who has the responsibility to try to prevent these attacks from occurring, those who have been involved in counterterrorism for quite some time, are interested and determined to do whatever we can to destroy these organizations that give birth to these horrific attacks. and as i've said recently, we've made i think some significant progress along with the coalition partners in syria and iraq where most of the isis members are resident right now. but the isis' ability to continue to propagate its narrative, as well as to incite and carry out these attacks i think we still have a ways to go before we're able to say that we have made some significant progress against them. >> you heard the cia chief, john brennan, speaking there. there was surveillance video that appears to have captured the moment that one of the bombers settled his device inside istanbul's airport. a warning for you, this video is graphic. you can see people running as the armed bomber enters the hallway right here. he moves forward and then, as you are about to see, he suddenly falls, apparently he was shot by a security officer. then you see the bomber's gun knocked from his grip. it went across the floor. for 20 seconds you see him on the ground, struggling and making movements around his torso as people are running by him, as he's doing that. an officer approaches but then runs off. finally just minutes later, a blast fills the screen as we see right here. joining me now, karen greenberg, director of the center on national security at fordham university law school, and anthony may who used to be an explosive investigators for the atf. anthony, start with you. just to get your analysis of what we just saw in that video with your expert eye, what kind of bomb is indicated in this video to you? >> well, good afternoon. actually, the bomb in this particular case is a secondary weapon. this attacker's primary weapon was the firearm, the gun as he is running through trying to kill as many people as he can. when he falls to the ground, that gun goes flying away. but here's the thing. i've heard reported the term dead man switch. that's technically not accurate. a true dead man switch means contacts are on the individual's fingers or holding in his hand. in this case running through the airport with a gun, shooting, probably exchanging magazines, he doesn't have that luxury. what is happening now as he's laying on the ground struggling around his waist, you see his arm go up into the air. he's most likely pulling something, pulling a pin, pulling a switch which activates this device and seconds later it goes. now technically that could have been a power technique time fuse as he pulls it and this thing goes. but that bomb was secondary to his major weapon which was the gun killing as many people as he could. >> karen, we just heard the cia chief, john brennan, say that if it is isis, normally the terrorist group doesn't claim responsibility in turkey. why is that? and what is the point of launching a terrorist attack if the group isn't going to claim responsibility? >> well, we don't know whether they will eventually claim responsibility for this. i think that one of the things that director brennan said that i think is worth paying attention to is that isis doesn't want to play politics inside turkey right now until they decide what kind of recruits they can get there. it is a very different political situation. it's divided in many different ways, in many different factions. so that could be one of the reasons. but this has, as he has also said recently, i think this morning, all the hallmarks of isis about it. it's an aviation related, as we've seen time and time again. it's the anniversary of the islamic state declaring its existence, itself existence as a caliphate two years ago. i think that's a very important part of understanding this as isis. this is also a combination of explosives and guns which we've seen commonly now with isis attacks. we've seen in the past week or so a number of attack throughout the middle east in countries yemen, jordan, lebanon. so this is not really surprising if this does appear to be isis and if it is isis. >> do you attribute the attacks we're seeing from isis to the fact that isis is losing ground, battleground, in syria and iraq? >> yeah. this is one of those unsettling factors but it does seem to be that as they lose some of their most cherished and important strongholds in their caliphate, they are acting out in other places where they can have attacks that are successful because they are not in a combat situation, and that is the good news and the bad news. so this is a period we're going to have to get through. >> i want to go back to you, anthony, just go back inside this airport and what unfolded there yesterday. there were three bombing sites. the first was in a parking area right outside the airport near the entrance. what does that say to you? do you believe that was a diversion technique or do you think the bomber just wasn't able to make it inside the airport? >> well, this whole attack appears to have a very strong operational infrastructure. that first bomb went off as a diversion to circumvent security. we saw that all the time in baghdad with vehicles, bombs, to breach a hole for the second vehicle to get in to the secure area. that's what happened here. the first bomb goes off, causes a diversion, causes chaos to allow the second bomber to enter the terminal. they apparently split up. one appears to probably be heading for the departure terminal area to set off his bomb. but going back to that operational infrastructure, typically an attack like this, surveillance probably occurred of this airport because they knew that this security checkpoint was there. they came out of the cab basically guns blazing. this operational infrastructure, there has to be a safe house somewhere because these individuals probably didn't build these bombs. these bombs were manufactured at this safe house. if they used improvised explosive materials like titp, something along those lines, it was probably manufactured 72 hours within this attack. so the cab driver who dropped them off has already probably given that information to the turkish police and i'm sure they are working that angle right now. that's where the most of the information is going to come from, is if they locate this safe house. now i understand the airport's already been turned back over and in operation within five hours. that's amazing because they still have not identified the bomber or the type of bombs being used. >> it's really remarkable that it's already re-opened. ant in i may, karen greenberg, thank you so much. we do appreciate it. up next right here in the "newsroom," we'll take you live to the scene of the explosions right outside the airport. plus, moments from now, president obama will hold a news conference likely facing questions on the attack. and donald trump calling on the u.s. to bring back torture. this is cnn's special live coverage. you both have a perfect driving record. >>perfect. no tickets. no accidents... >>that is until one of you clips a food truck, ruining your perfect record. >>yup... now, you would think your insurance company would cut you some slack, right? >>no. your insurance rates go through the roof. your perfect record doesn't get you anything. >>anything. perfect! for drivers with accident forgiveness, liberty mutual won't raise your rates due to your first accident. and if you do have an accident, our claim centers are available to assist you 24/7. for a free quote, call liberty mutual at switch to liberty mutual and you could save up to $509 call today at see car insurance in a whole new light. liberty mutual insurance. welcome back. i'm pamela brown. while investigators work to identify the remains of the three suicide bombers who attacked istanbul's airport, police have also interviewed the taxi driver who drove them to the international terminal. he has been released. this as flights are resuming and construction crews are working to repair structural damage caused by the blast. though parts of the airport are blocked off, all day passengers have been walking among shards of glass, broken ceiling tiles, visceral reminders of the terror that occurred there just 24 hours ago. let's go straight to cnn's senior international correspondent who is live in the terminal. >> reporter: we are in fact right in front of the arrival doors where the attackers pushed their way through, shot their way through to detonate that second bomb. it is almost unbelievable that where i'm standing here, these pavement slabs were covered in blood. these are the doors through which both the attackers went in and screaming terrified passengers fled out. and yet we're seeing passengers go through to join that security line. this airport is essentially almost fully operational, and that really speaks to the unfortunate reality here in turkey. they are very, very used to having to pick up the pieces and try and patch together those ragged edges of normality in the aftermath of suicide and terror attacks. this is number 14 or 15 since last summer. but this is this year the highest death toll. and while the investigation is ongoing, while they are seeking to glean what they can from that taxi driver, time is ticking down, and turkish officials tell us what really is ringing their alarm bells is that as they've begun the identification process of those attackers, what little remains of those attackers, we understand it is only the lower halves of their bodies, they believe that these attackers were foreign. so immediately they start thinking, well, what other broader network is here and are they trying to escape out of the country and what else are they planning. so these next 48 hours -- we've already had 24. the next 48 to 72 hours are going to be so, so crucial here, pamela. >> thank you so much, nima, we do appreciate it. no one has claimed responsibility for this attack yet but turkish officials and now the chief of the cia agree at it bears all the hallmarks of isis. this is the most deadly of at least eight suicide bombings in turkey this year as we heard nima touch on there. i want to talk more about this with the ambassador, james jeffrey, former ambassador to turkey and iraq. he is also a visiting fellow at the washington institute. ambassador, thank you so much for coming on. you say that isis has had a campaign against turkey for the past year. why the past year, and why not before that? >> before that, turkey was tied up in a campaign which it still is continuing against the assad regime in syria. isis was kind of a side show. isis was leaving turkey, allowing turkey to focus on other things. that changed over the past year as turkey opened bases to u.s. aircraft and we started deploying troops across the border into syria from turkey as part of the campaign against isis. that is, turkey became a more aggressive member of the anti-isis coalition. in return, isis has launched, counting this one, four major attacks in turkey killing almost 200 people. isis has not claimed credit for these attacks, but nonetheless, as cia director brennan said, they bear all the hallmarks of an isis attack. >> on that note, he said it is common for isis to not claim responsibility for attacks in turkey because they don't want to isolate anyone they may be close to recruiting, gaining support from. so in your view does that risk outweigh the desire for credit? what's the point of isis launching this attack if it's not going to get the credit in their eyes? >> i think two-fold. first of all, it is a deliberate message to the turkish government it won't be successful. but isis doesn't know that. knock off your support for the united states campaign against us in syria and iraq. secondly, it does have a certain recruiting value because isis knows that everybody will attribute this attack to isis. they're reluctant to claim credit for it, in part, because they have infrastructure basically cells underground in turkey they don't want uncovered and probably because it is an islamic country, they're troubled about the implications of that during ramadan. >> while turkey is doing more to combat isis in the past year, i spoke to one official today who said it's still number four on the priority list for turkey after pkk, after the assad regime. why hasn't turkey done more to combat isis, and do you think that this attack, if it is indeed isis, will change that? >> it will change it to some degree. the reality is -- that official was right. but maybe looking at it from an american perspective. from a turkish perspective, isis is the number three threat because the other two threats, iranian-russian, assad syrian regime, or the pkk insurgency which could involve many of turkey's 20% kurdish population a potential existential risks to turkey in a way that isis is not. isis can kill people. it can cause turmoil in the tourism industry. but as you saw in the video clip, the turks will put things back together and keep going on. isis cannot really threaten turkey as a country. the other two threats do. >> all right, ambassador james jeffries, thank ye jeffrey, thank you very much. interesting perspective. with this attack taking plals at the eye rainfall aral concerned are u.s. officials that an attack could take place like that here at home. moments from now, president obama will hold a news conference likely facing questions on the attack and of course we will bring that to you live. you are watching cnn special live coverage. we are back with our breaking news. at least 41 people are dead and more than 200 injured after a coordinated series of bombings at one of the world's biggest airports. i'm joined now by military advisor and retired army special forces lieutenant colonel scott mann. this attack is once again turning the focus to vulnerable soft target areas at airports and elsewhere. just today we learned from a u.s. official that homeland security is considering extending security at u.s. airports to areas that fall outside of tsa checkpoints. but how likely is it to happen considering all the logistics and financial costs of that? >> hey, pamela, thanks for having me on. i think eventually they'll get there. it is going to take too long. what concerns me is the reactionary measures that we take every time isis or al qaeda or some other group hit us. the fact of the matter is, isis is following a very deliberate campaign. istanbul is just one attack of many that are going to come, and this is going to continue throughout the summer around on in to the year. just reacting this way is not going to get it done. we're going to have to start demanding that we get in front of this problem and start hitting them where they are. >> what do you mean by that exactly? because some u.s. officials argue they're launching these attacks because through our military campaign we're taking away ground from them in syria and iraq. >> yeah. but look, we're trying to wage internet warfare on what is really an interstate issue. we're trying to strike them from the top down, pamela. we've been doing this for 15 years and dropping bombs and using predator strikes is not getting it done. what it actually does is mobilizes them against us in new and unusual ways. the orlando shooting happened one hour from my house. these guys are demonstrating tremendous reach right now. what's happening in istanbul, your last reporter i thought it was interesting. turkey is getting used to this. if americans don't want to start getting used to mopping up blood on the airport floors and flying the next day, we need to start demanding more of our politicians and strategists in how we fight this war because it is not working. >> there is this whole virtual movement taking place. we heard the cia chief, john brennan, basically say that his concern is that we'll see a similar attack here in the u.s., that isis would like to do something like that in the u.s. and it doesn't necessarily take an isis fighter who has strayed in syria to carry out such an attack as we've seen what happened in orlando and san bernardino. these are people already here in the u.s. >> absolutely. look at how we are equivocating it. we are trying to define these attacks as a gun control problem or as a hate crime or workplace violence. regardless of whether you are a democrat or a republican, this is an american issue. look, leadership starts with us. it starts with americans. if we're waiting on our politicians to take this threat seriously and put a strategy in place that's going to work, we're going to be waiting a long time. we've been in this war for 15 years and we're not naming our enemy. we're not taking this threat seriously. when things like this happen in istanbul and other places around the world, it is a harbinger of what's heading our way and we've got to start getting smarter on enemy and it starts with us, pamela. it starts with every american watching this learning about isis, how they operate and what they're trying to bring into our communities. because it's coming. >> this is the age-old question but i'm going to ask it anyway. what do you do about these soft targets? how far out are you going to put airport security to prevent an attack? eventually there will be a bottleneck and a vulnerability at airports, at movie theaters, places all across the country. what do you do to protect those places? >> well, look. that's what director brennan said and he said that right. we are an open, free society, so we're always going to be vulnerable in that regard. here is my concern. as i look across our current right now, the erosion of trust that we have in this country. our primary identity as americans you never hear anyone talk about that anymore. there are all of these marginalized communities on the fringes at the risk of being exploited by isis. my concern is that they are basically running the seams on us all day long because we don't trust each other as a society. at a community level that's the best defense we have. when communities are woven together, when there's trust and we are operating and leading at a community level. that's when it is very hard for these guys to get by. we saw this in afghanistan with our green beret teams. we saw it in iraq and it will work here at home. but until we start stepping up and leading at home and quit relying on politicians to tell us how the tune is going to go, i just think they're going to run the seams on us all day long. we have to wake up to what this threat is about and how they are exploiting us. >> scott mann, thank you very much. panic everywhere. witnesses felt shockwaves from deadly explosions and some slipped and fell on the airport's blood-stained floor. those who personally saw the horror unfolding told their stories to cnn. >> he had the gun over here and he's checking out and shooting up two times and he is beginning to shoot the people. like that. >> we were just returning. there was no instruction to run one direction. somebody called no, the terrorists are over there, then we started to hide. >> panic ensued. no one knew what was going on. people were hiding behind posts, hiding in alcoves. of course the corridors are all dead end so everyone was kind of stuck. >> i thing is when the police were following us out of the airport. clearly there had been families split up. tour groups that had been split up. friends that had been split up. people were looking back towards the airport shouting names and the police are pushing them out. >> i was there in the kitchen with somebody, probably chinese. we couldn't understand each other. we didn't have no language but we were there hiding and other people were trying to break the glass trying to get out of the lounge. >> from there we started on what was the taxi ride where you would have hailed a taxi to be on your way. it looked like a disaster movie. there was just devastation. blood still on the floor. >> i guess the turks are just trying to move on as quickly as possible. i was in here this morning looking for my lost luggage and they just put a panel up. they were sweeping up debris. someone had hung a big turkish flag pretty much right at the spot where the bomb had gone off as a sort of act of defiance. i'm terrible at golf. he is. but i'd like to keep being terrible at golf for as long as i can. new patented ensure enlive has hmb plus 20 grams of protein to help rebuild muscle. for the strength and energy to do what you love. new ensure enlive. always be you. approaching medicare eligibility? 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>> he mentioned it right out of his remarks, as we expected him to. but it really underscores the fact that this is just the latest time in several now that the president's traveled abroad to talk about other issues and other relationships in the world is punctuated by, interrupted by, overshadowed by global terrorism. sew talked about his phone call with turkey's president erdogan this morning. remember it was just two weeks ago that erdogan was offering him him condolences after the orlando terror attacks. president obama spoke about the continued threat of isis to launch these kinds of attacks and the commitment of countries, including turkey, to defeat it. listen. >> i have a chance to speak to president erdogan earlier today to discuss with him not only how heartbroken we have been by the images of the injured and those killed, but also to re-affirm our strong commitment to partner with turkey, with nato, with the broad-based alliance that we've structured around the world to fight isil. we stand with the people of turkey and we intend to do what's necessary to make sure that these kinds of terrible events are not happening. >> we've heard from the white house today as they are concerned about the ability of isis to keep launching these kinds of attacks. they also talk about the ferocity of turkey's border with syria. that's been a concern since this conflict with isis started. the white house talked about prioritizing working with turkey. there's still about 60 miles of border that isis has control of. that's progress since the beginning. but obviously that's a real vulnerability that's ongoing, jake. >> michelle, the borders between the united states and canada, mexico and the trade agreement, nafta that the three countries entered in to several years ago, that's got to be another issue being discussed there, because republicans presumptive presidential nominee donald trump not officially on today's summit agenda but he has talked about getting the united states out of trade policies. how is president obama anticipating addressing those issues? >> yeah, right? i mean nafta's really come under fire now. it is actually an election issue. it is something you hear all the time in rhetoric. and rhetoric itself is going to come up. one thing the white house always says is, when asked how does the republican rhetoric out there affect security or affect america's relationships, because the white house says that that's been a problem. they say it comes up all the time in meetings. the president's always having to discuss that with other leaders who want to talk about it, and that it takes up time. you look at -- the mexican president here has used some really strong words in talking about donald trump. mexican government has called his rhetoric absurd, ignorant, racist. the president of mexico himself said mexico isn't going to build a wall. and he compared trump's rhetoric not too long ago to the rise of hitler and mussolini. so it is not as if that topic is going to overshadow everything in these discussions that are really supposed to be about trade and cooperation. but surely it will come up. and you know they're going to face some questions in this press conference that's going to start soon, jake. >> michelle kosinski in ottawa right outside the venue where we expect to hear shortly from president obama and his two counterparts from mexico and canada, thank you so much. joining me now, chief political correspondent, dana bash, let me start with you. the last time president obama was at an international summit -- i think it was the last time -- he came out and he tried to tell the american people that the world leaders were really rattled by donald trump. donald trump took that and wore it pass a badge of honor. good, they should shall rattlbe. do you think president obama has learned the lesson of that attempted attack that in many ways donald trump effectively jujitsued him on? >> we'll see in this press conference. hard to imagine him not being asked about donald trump. but i would guess the answer is, no, because the perspective of the obama administration -- same with hillary clinton -- they have such different views on how the world should be approached and their supporters have such different views, presumably, that they're just going to keep on keeping on. for example, hillary clinton hasn't actually spoken on camera about what happened in turkey, but she did release a written statement that was all about staying engaged in the world. being still in communication with allies. which is obviously the opposite of what we heard from donald trump. so i think the answer is, no, that he still believes what he believes with being and that they're banking on the fact that people are going to support him and now support hillary clinton also want to stay engaged. >> obviously trade is major issue in this campaign season. i can't think of the last time that happened, that people were actually debating trade. but whether it is bernie sanders on the democratic party or donald trump on the republican party, there is a real animosity towards trade deals and a real suspicion among the american people that world leaders have been negotiating these deals that might help corporate america but hurt their publics, especially in places like akron, ohio. >> the irony here or reversal here is you have bernie sanders who is a democratic socialist, and donald trump who is the republican nominee, both on the same side in terms of trade agreements. both bashing nafta. both bashing the tpp. both being skeptical of what is essentially hillary clinton's conversion on the transpacific partnership agreement. and bernie sanders essentially saying to the democrats, listen, don't let this thing pass even if it is in a lame duck. really come out against this and let this be part of the democratic party that they are against the tpp. and typically you do see democrats being far less onboard with these free trade agreements. my understanding is donald trump is going to give another speech in new hampshire about trade, the irony here is that they're all on the same side and really tapping in to this anger in people's lives. the idea of all these people, especially in the rust belt, have seen manufacture pentagon jobs really diminish over these last 20, 30 years. >> jeff, hillary clinton trying to get ahead of the issue announced she opposed the pacific trade deal that she helped shepherd into existence. one of the guests that i had on the show, "the lead," to discuss the brexit vote said that the reason that that vote won in the uk is because it's like you took all the opponents to all of these issues that would support donald trump and then added the bernie sanders supporters and there you have a victory. donald trump definitely try fog go after bernie sanders supporters when it comes to trade. can hillary successful defeat him when it comes to those supporters on this issue of trade? >> we'll find out and we'll watch her rhetoric. but it is the reason she's been in ohio campaigning three times in a two-week span. they absolutely are worried about the volatility of this issue in working class ohio, in michigan, in pennsylvania. but, there are limits to that. bernie sanders supporters, for all of the dozens and dozens and dozens of rallies i covered and voters i interviewed, they were not single issue trade voters. in fact, many of them were young voters who liked other things. so i think that donald trump, hoping that he can get bernie sanders voters en masse, is wrong. but i think that he can get people who don't trust hillary clinton on this. there are some democratic voters out there who frankly think nafta has been terrible for them. the challenge here for donald trump though is, what next? the people of pennsylvania and pittsburgh where he was yesterday know all too well why those steel jobs aren't there anymore. it is sort of like having someone come in from out of town and read them the history les n lesson. they know that. the steel jobs were leaving long before nafta. the solutions and proposals for what is coming next i think is going to be where this shifts. i think voters are very smart on this. for anyone who cares about trade, they're looking for solutions. but they also want severe weather unfor validate their anger. right now donald trump is doing that. hillary clinton in ohio this week said she would have more prosecution in trade authorities and it was very, very hillary clinton sort of bureaucratic and probably a smarter policy. but donald trump's getting that anger there. but to your question of the sanders voters, i think there is a limit there. there is a ceiling there in the number of sanders voters he can get. >> but i could being successful with republican voters or voters who might have just been so disgusted with the process that they haven't gone out because i think in our lifetime certainly, maybe even before, the republican nominee has been very much pro free trade. so they haven't had a place to go if they were looking to vote for a republican or if there are other issues that these voters are like minded with republicans on. donald trump is the most populist republican presumptive nominee -- >> the question is is he too populist. the chamber of commerce is not dictating a lot of these, but you need the country club and republican establishment to win as wrel. >> let me ask you a question. do you think hillary clinton actually in her cart opposes the pacific trade deal? >> wish i could look into hillary clinton's heart. >> are you skeptical of her opposition? >> i think it was certainly a convenient political move to box out bernie sanders and in some ways maybe even if joe biden can gotten into this race, she'd be boxing him out as well as the tpp. so yeah, she is at a place -- you know, the whole idea of flip-flopping sort of may not hurt as much if you sort of flip-flop to the right side. that's certainly what i think a lot of people think she is doing not only in her own party but also to box out the sanders and trump folks. i think they are smart to be going to different regions of the country. hillary was in colorado on tuesday. she's going to go to north carolina with president obama. it's the sunday belt sort of versus the rust belt. she's got the sunbelt as well, north carolina, colorado, florida. >> jeff, you can speak to this better than i, but to anticipat answer your question, hillary clinton people argue that when she is acting as her own person, meaning not the president's secretary of state or not the president's wife, which she was during nafta back in the clinton administration, she is much more -- i wouldn't say protectionist but much more weary of free trade and her personal views. >> i think that's probably true. but the challenge is she ha is to own all of those positions. it is her conundrum running for president at this particular point. she can't pick and choose chapters here. i think it is slightly not quite fair to tie nafta around her neck. yes, she supported it. the question is when bill clinton goes to campaign in ohio, are they going to send him to ohio? is he sort of persona non grata in that respect. >> the pacific trade deal is one that i think is most interesting because she did help draft it, without question. >> she set the gold standard. she complimented it. she talked about it glowingly many, many times. >> journalists have submitted freedom of information act requests for her correspondents about the pacific trade deal. have been told absolutely, we'll get those to you after the election. that's true. it's taken something like 500 or 600 days to meet that freedom of information act request which has still not been met. i don't know that she even got the benefit of being opposed to it because people who are wary of free trade went to bernie sanders and are with donald trump, jeff. like did she ever get the points among opponents of the pacific trade deal for -- >> i don't think directly necessarily. you said something very important. i think she was preparing for that for joe biden, too. boy, she was looking for any way to differentiate herself from this administration. that was going to be one of the deones. i think this is one of the challenges for her, but that is why she says i was struck again in ohio this week, she's called out every piece of product that donald trump has ever made and now she's putting a specific name on it. he didn't make the ties in -- here in cincinnati. he made them in singapore, or whatever. now she's tying ohio names to them. i think her best hope politically is to discredit his argument as opposed to trying to get people to sort of believe her -- >> just neutralize -- >> i think that's very effective. they sent the tweet out with a picture of his shirt showing that it was made in bangladesh. this idea that he wants to put america first as president didn't do it as a businessman when he presumably had ample opportunity. >> that's what he says is now actually how he has conducted himself. >> his argument, just to play devil's advocate, his argument is these are the rules, i am abiding by the rules. we need to change the rules to bring these jobs back to the united states. >> that is true, there is no question. and he has a point. but there are plenty of businesses in this country who do business and make their products in this country. >> sure. not plenty. >> there are. >> there is a way to do it. >> you can do it. >> it can be done, absolutely. but if you go to a department store, most of the products there are going to be manufactured in mexico, klein. >> that china. >> as a businessman, there is a way to do it. it is not cheap. >> he's tapping into this anger and nostalgia. those two things. i think that is very powerful. the question is, is there a lid or ceiling to that? i think there is, but this is a very different election year and the electorate is still very raw so we don't know. that's what worries the clinton campaign and focus groups more than anything else, is this trade issue, is this populist sentiment. i think also is this going to impact the vice presidential selection. i don't know the answer, but you could see hillary clinton watching elizabeth warren. i wonder if this will change her calculation. >> or sherrod brown, the senator in ohio. >> and the next election isn't until 2018. in massachusetts there would be a special election called right after. >> elizabeth warren, she taps into that nostalgia, she taps into that sense of aspiration and populism. she talks about her mother who was -- worked at sears and her dad was a janitor. she's a better sort of spokeswoman for that than bernie sanders. you saw that up there on monday in some ways it was like, well, who needs bernie sanders if you have elizabeth warren? >> you guys talked about nostalgia and that's part of it. but the driving issue that is so hard for democrats and for hillary clinton to wrap their minds around is fear. fear is the most powerful issue going on here and the most powerful emotion i think driving these voters in the states that they are most worried about, like ohio. i've heard the same thing there. ohio is the state that they are most worried about. and pennsylvania. losing pennsylvania. >> fear of what? >> voters fear the fact that they don't have jobs now. or if they have jobs, they're not well paying jobs. basic, basic fundamental fears that they can't find the american dream, that they can't send their kids to college, that their kids are 20-something and 30-something and still living in the basement because they can't find a good paying job. >> that the american dream is dead. >> yeah. and that is what, in a sentence, in a bumper sticker, donald trump has so geniusly done, make america great again. >> the question is though do they believe he is the one to do that. the diversity and demographics of this country, democrats have won pennsylvania for the last six presidential elections. the demographics have not improved toward the donald trump argument here. she isn't going to win in western pennsylvania. but that's not where the biggest electorate or biggest concentration of the electorate is. >> i think they are going to rely on states like florida. they are going to rely on the fact that this could be the most diverseorate we've seen. that's what they're betting on, that a lot of african-americans, latinos, asian-americans, college-educated women with being don't necessarily have a sense of nostalgia for the america of the past. >> here's the choice a lot of these voters are going to face, the ones who are very fundamentally intrigued and passionate about these jobs. on one hand donald trump is saying we're going to bring these jobs back. we're going to make america great again. and on the other hand you have hillary clinton saying, those jobs are not coming back. we need to be realistic and practical about what really is and create jobs of the future through worker retraining, et cetera. i don't think there is any question which one is more appealing on a gut level. one is an intellectual argument that is inherently kind of pessimistic in a way, in a sense that those days are never coming back. the other one is -- >> but realistic maybe. >> what? >> realistic. >> right. but the other one is we can do it. we're america. >> chocolate brownie versus broccoli or something. yes, the brownie tastes really good. and you may want that. but again, people know the jobs left. we're two generations of people beyond those steel working jobs. we don't talk about -- we didn't hear donald trump talk about that pittsburgh is creating thousands and thousands of health care jobs. it is a different economy. but i think the challenge for the clinton campaign is making that real because the trump argument is just so much more -- it taps into the anger and the fear. you are absolutely right. >> who wins usually between the chocolate brownie and the broccoli? it the brownie usually wins. don't you think? i would argue that barack obama in 2012 was doing the brownie and mitt romney was doing the broccoli. >> this is a changed election. but when you look it is a choice. voters will have a lot of things to weigh. but the burden is on the clinton campaign to make their argument a little bit sexier, i guess for lack of a better word. >> i think for obama, you are right, he was the brownie but there was some broccoli sort of embedded in that. >> all right. this is getting a little bit out of control. >> he was a pragmatist. you could see he had aspirational language and could tap into that hope and change stuff. but, yeah, challenges on both sides. >> as we wait for president obama, that's what we've been waiting for, let's get to the deadly terrorist attack inside one of the busiest airports in the world. three terrorists of course dead nating suicide bombs at istanbul's ataturk airport. a senior turkish officials says authorities are still working to identify the three attackers. there is still not a claim of responsibility but the director of the cia, john brennan, today said that this has all the haul marks of an isis style attack. here's how one witness described one of the attackers. >> he had the gun over here and he's checking out and he's shooting up two times. and he's beginning to shoot the people. like that. like he was walking like a prophet. you know? >> let's bring back our panel for a second. one of the other issues that president obama, along with his canadian and mexican counterparts is discussing today in addition to trade which we just discussed is, no doubt, the issue of isis and the threat of terrorism, and also the questions of border security for all their countries. jeff, normally the conventional wisdom is when there is a terrorist attack that helps the republican -- because republicans are perceived as being tougher on national security. that's kind of superficial judgment that a lot of voters and pundits make. do you think that plays the same way here? >> i don't think it necessarily do. the script has been flipped in this entire election and i think this is another example of that. hillary clinton has a long record on foreign policy, on defense, other things. some people in her party believe she is too much of a hawk actually. i think we are still learning about donald trump's vision. but one thing when he was talking about this last night, as dana pointed out, he was bringing up waterboarding and other things. i think that we've moved beyond that as a conversation. certainly that will be controversial will be in the republican party as well. so i do not think this is a typical voters are worried that democrats will be too liberal on this. remember after the iraq war in '02, the '04 election, democrats were so worried about looking weak. that is not the case here with hillary clinton. i think it's smarter rather than stronger. but again, she has to sell that argument and we haven't seen her on camera yet after this. it is cautious in some respect, but as you were saying, it may not be wise. >> we are seeing right now president obama and the leaders of canada and mexico coming to the podiums right now to speak. let's listen in. >> good afternoon, everybody. thank you for joining us today. president obama, the mexican president and i have just wrapped up a friendly meeting. as you might expect, among friends. but also a little poignant. we're obviously thrilled to have the mexican president here for his first visit to canada as president of mexico. yet at the same time, it is a little sad that this will be the last chance for all three of us to get together in this capacity given president obama's impending retirement. something he pointed out to us more than once, i should add usually with a little smile. but i do want to once again thank both leaders and their delegations for coming to ottawa and for being truly open to the discussions that took place today. we discussed our common respect for diversity and our firm support for lgbtq2 rights especially in the wake of those shootings in orlando. >> translator: the united states and mexico -- but tragedy has strengthened our determination to protect the rights of lgbtq2 people and we urge all leaders throughout world to do the same. we also talked about the need to ensure a clean and prosperous future for all of our people and for all people in the world. >> we are unanimous in our believe that on this issue, north america can, and indeed must, lead the way. today we resolved -- we turned that resolve into action with the negotiation of an ambitious and enduring north american climate, clean energy and environment partnership. this partnership will see our countries stand side by side as we work toward the common goal of a north america that is competitive, that encourages clean growth, and that protects our shared environment now and for generations to come. it is a partnership that lays out some very clear deliver rabbles and that identifies realistic paths to achievining them. together we will advance clear and secure energy with the goal of 50% clean power generation across the continent by 2025. we will drive down short-lived climate pollutants, things like methane, black carbon, and hide droe fluorocarb rns. we will create clean jobs as we reduce energy consumption, air pollution and greenhouse gases. we will work together to protect nature and to advance our scientific understanding of the environmental challenges we share, and finally, we will respond directly and decisively to the challenge of climate change, working to make our own countries more resilient, as we encourage others to do the same. this is what can happen when countries come together in pursuit of a common goal. when we have a big idea and the political will to make it happen. today's climate agreement stands as proof that cooperation pays off and that working together always beats going it alone. there were, of course, other issues on the agenda as well. [ speaking in spanish ] >> translator: we also had the opportunity to talk about ways of advancing trade and competitiveness in north america. it is essential to each of our economies and it is vital for the creation of good jobs for the middle class. furthermore, we reasserted our common commitment to human rights and we discussed the aspects on which we could be better partners to ensure the protection and defense of fundamental rights. we also discussed regional and worldwide issues that are urgent, and we talked about the way we will work together to meet these common challenges. >> -- talk about how to better cooperate on defense. but it also meant forging a closer working relationship when it comes to providing development and humanitarian assistance. as well as finding ways to more effectively combat public health challenges, the illicit flow of funds and drugs and human trafficking. as i said, the conversations were friendly, but also frank. and i'm reassured and encouraged by the progress we were able to make today. relationships between the citizens of our three nations have always been strong, even in the past when our governments haven't always seen eye to eye. it's gratifying that once again we are able to come together as leaders of three truly great nations to honor that enduring friendship and to once again deliver real results for the people of canada, mexico, the united states, and indeed the entire global community. thank you, barack and enrique, for all your hard work today and every day. i'd now like to introduce the president of mexico, enrique pena nieto. >> translator: thank you very much, prime minister of canada. honorable barack obama. with this press conference we come to an end of this day in canada, two days of state visit and today at the north american leaders summit. prime minister trudeau, allow me to say once again how grateful i am for your hospitality, for the warmth with which we were received, myself and my delegation. we were warmly welcomed in this country. we're going back to mexico with memories of the warm welcome that the canadian people showed in quebec, in toronto and ottawa. we're going back to mexico fully convinced that we have renewed our bilateral relationship with canada. canada, in yourself. canada has a leader that is going back to universal values that make canada stand out in the world. president barack obama, i would like to say that we acknowledge your determination to have a more united, integrated and competitive north america. a more prosperous and inclusive north america. i would like to highlight specifically being the last north american leaders summit that you will attend to as a president of the united states. i would like to acknowledge that mexico recognizes the fact that you have promoted, allowed mexico a strategic partnership, and you have always been willing to work towards a bilateral agenda that covers different fronts beyond security, in the process of generating clean energy you have favored those efforts. you have always favored a more expedited trade, a safer border, more competitiveness in our trade. you have always been in favor of having cooperation in education and cultural matters. have always been willing to push technology and science forward. but there is no doubt that your legacy also covers other regions of latin america. you have re-established a relationship with cuba. you have supported the development of central america. and in the summit of the americas oas well, you have contributed to its advancement. we would like to acknowledge as well your tireless efforts made towards the investment of the challenges of global warming. there it no doubt your presidency has helped re-affirm the candid relationship that the united states and mexico have. during this trilateral summit the governments of canada, the united states and mexico, we have re-affirmed our decision to work together with a vision, with result, to advance economic integration in north america. in order to fulfill this goal, mexico values that in the transpacific partnership there is a great opportunity to re-affirm this level of integration between the three countries that are part of nafta. but besides that, we are taking this opportunity to other regions of the world, specifically toward asia. i believe that the advantages, the benefits and the beauties that this integration will carry and has carried along for the benefit of our societies can be extended when the transpacific partnership is approved. mexico supports this effort with enthusiasm. this partnership that this agreement is at the senate in the process of being approved. we are fully convinced that by working together and by taking stock of our complimentary we can be the most competitive region in the world as prime minister trudeau has said during this summit, we have worked on addressing four priorities -- climate change, clean energies and environment, competitiveness at the borders, and trade security and defense and regional and global issues. specifically, mexico addressed the area of competitiveness and trade at our borders. i would like to highlight some of the most important agreements we're going to create single trade windows to enable our bordered exchanges. our goal is to have one foreign trade single window for north america. secondly, we're going to map north american clusters of. this will be a vital tool for decision making and to bolster economic trade in the region. we have agreed to have a trilateral cluster map as soon as possible. and thirdly, i should mention that trilateral program for trusted travelers, mexico has proposed that this program uses global entry platform that canada and the united states already have, and this year we will implement the electronic kiosks platform that is already present in different airports in the united states and canada. this system and result will be used in north america as a whole, and this will be a system that will enable and expedite the flow and transit of individuals in north america. final tli, i would like to use an example to describe our level of integration. the presideervation of the mona butterfly conservation. this is a species that in its pilgrimage we can see how our countries are intertwined. back in our last summit, we agreed that we would take care of this species and make sure that in its journey the monarch butterfly from canada flying through the united states, all the way down to mexico and the figures speak for itself. in the year 2014 in our country, the area where butterflies eventually reach only covered less than one hectare. .6 hectares. due to the efforts made by our trilateral task force created for that purpose last year, this year's -- the surface in my country now extends to 4.1 hectares and we are en route that by 2018 this figure would grow to six hectares and eventually that would be our goem f goal for the monarch butterfly reserve in mexico. by that we will be making sure the migration of this species is the symbol of the relationship the united states, canada and mexico have. the north american leaders summit bears witness that isolated national efforts are are insufficient if we want favorable results for the benefit of our societies, it is better to work together as a region. we all know that will-challen m challenges. isolationism is not the solution. in contrast with what happens in other corners of the world, in countries in north america we have decided to be closer, to work as a team, and to compliment each other and to make progress together as the most competitive region in the world. thank you very much. >> president obama. zb >> well, good afternoon. bonjour. buenos aires. i want to thank my friends and partners, president trudeau and president pena nieto. to the people of ottawa in canada, thank you for your wonderful hospitality. this is my fourth north american leaders summit, and the first that canada is hosting in nearly a decade. and this reflects the new commitment that prime minister trudeau has brought to our shared vision of a strong and integrated north america. so thank you so much, justin. let me start by once again commenting on the horrific terrorist attack that took place yesterday in istanbul's main international airport which is one of the busiest airports in the world. the prayers of the american people are with the people of turkey, the people of istanbul, and all those who were affected by this terrible crime. we have offered all assistance that we have available to our ally, turkey, and we stand prepared to assist them during this difficult time. we're still learning all the facts, but we know this is part of our broader, shared fight against terrorist networks, and we will continue to work closely with turkey to root them out. meanwhile, we're going to do what's necessary to protect our people. i'm confident that we can and we will defeat those who offer only death and destruction, and we will always remember, even as there are those trying to divide us, that we are strong weather we come together and work toward a better world together. we're reminded of this basic fact at this summit. combined, our three nations are home to nearly 480 million people. we are bound together by family, including millions of immigrants who trace their roots to each other's countries. we're not only among each other's top trade partners, we are a global hub of innovation with integrated economies and supply chains and co-production that span our borders. on every security and global challenge, we are partners. and we're united by common values of democracy and pluralism and a commitment to human dignity. over the past eight years i've worked to strengthen our partnerships with our friends in the americas, and that begins with strengthening our relationship with canada and mexico. during my administration, for example, we boosted u.s. exports to canada and mexico by about 50%. that supports about 2.8 million american jobs. today as justin and enrique described, we agreed to build on that progress in several key areas. first, we agreed to make it even ease wrer ier to do busy togeth our region is even more competitive. we are bringing more advanced technologies and automation to our border crossings which will reduce wait times for travelers and make it more affordable to trade. by the end of this year we'll have a single trusted traveler program for all three of our countries which will make it easier to travel while at the same time improving security. we'll continue to line our standards and regulations which is especially important for small businesses who want to export more. we're going to do more together to promote women entrepreneurs and minority-owned businesses to succeed as well. we're going to keep expand our educational exchanges among our students. as has been mentioned, we discussed the transpacific partnership. the politics of trade are always difficult in every country. i don't know any country where there aren't going to be some folks who argue against trade. but we all believe that in an integrated, global economy, the goal is not for us to try to shut ourselves off from the world, but rather, to work together to raise standards around the world for workers and for the environment. and that's exactly what tpp does. it is the right thing to do. and we're going to keep working for it. given the flood of steel and aluminum on global markets, however, it points to the fact that free trade also has to be fair trade. and our three countries agreed to work together on a range of trade measures to enforce our rights and protect our workers, and ensure a level playing field for the steel and aluminum industries here in north america. and given the vote of the united kingdom to leave the european union, our economic teams are going to continue to work together so that we remain focused on keeping our economies growing and making sure that the global financial system is stable, something i am confident that we can do. second, we're making sure that north america remains a leader in the fight against climate change. and i could not be prouder of the work that justin and enrique have done to help realize this important goal. all three of our nations are now committed to joining the paris agreement this year so we can bring it into force. we're announcing a new goal across our continents of generating 50% of our electricity with clean power by 2025 which is a bold goal but is an imminent will i acheeievable goal. the united states government is making an effort to purchase more clean energy for federal facilities and more clean and efficient government vehicles, and all three of our countries are committed to reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas sector by 40% to 45% by 2025. third, we're going to do more to make sure that we're looking after the safety and health of our citizens from the danger of illicit drugs. we're particularly focused right now on the epidemic of opioid abuse, including heroin, that's taken so many lives and dev say the devastating so many families. our teams will meet in the fall to make sure we are coordinating our efforts, including access to treatment, and we'll as always continue to be relentless against the criminals and narco traffickers who are inflicting so much violence on our communities. fourth, we're deepening our cooperation on regional and global challenges. joint efforts against diseases like zika, helping our central american partners address poverty and violence that have led to so many families and children making an extraordinarily dangerous trip to flee difficult circumstances. i want to thank justice and enre enrique for the strong support in our approach toward cuba and addressing the refugee crisis and expanding our own peacekeeping efforts. in colombia, a major step toward peace, our three nations are going to help the colombians remove land mines as just one example of efforts to fortify what has been a very difficult negotiation. and given the very serious situation in venezuela and the worsening plight of the venezuelan people, together we're calling on the government and opposition to engage in meaningful dialogue and urge the venezuelan government to respect the rule of law and the authority of the national assembly. political prisoners should be released. the democratic process should be respected. and that includes legitimate efforts to pursue a recall referendum consistent with venezuelan law. in closing we are determined to keep building on the progress that's been made at so many of the previous summits. by the way, enrique, i love the story about monarch butterflies. they're not just any species. they are spectacular and we want to make sure that our children, our grandchildren can see them as well. we're creating what we call the north american caucus which means our three governments will meet on a more regular basis. we're going to continue to deepen our trilateral cooperation in this hemisphere and around the world, and in short, we're going to do more t to speak with one united american voice on the world stage. we couldn't have better partners than justin and enrique. i'm confident that we're going to continue to advance regional cooperation and integration. that's not just going to be good for our own people, that will be good for the world as well. m thank you. >> translator: so we are now ready to start with a question period. our first question is from canadian journalist richard madden from ctv news. >> good afternoon, gentlemen. one of the candidates who wants to replace president obama has already said he wants to renegotiate nafta and walk away from the transpacific partnership. all suggesting that perhaps there is a growing disconnect between the pro-trade message you're selling here and the protectionist voices we're hearing in the u.s. and possibly the brexit in the uk. so my question is to all three of you. what is your strategy to reverse this growing sentiment and prime minister trudeau, i'll ask you. >> translator: first of all, our strategy is to highlight how much trade and positive agreements among our nations are good, not only for the economy of the world and the economy of our countries, but it's also good for our citizens. we know that industries that export more goods pay salaries that are 50% higher than sectors that don't export. we also know that trade gives rise to good jobs, innovation, and progress for individuals as well. in our conversations today and yesterday with president pena nieto, we signed agreements and held conversations that allowed us to remove visas for mexican visitors to canada. this will have effects on all canadians who live in communities that welcome mexican tourists. it will also allow canadian agriculture producers to have access to the mexican beef market. these are examples of the cooperation that we say is good for the north american market, but also good for the entire world. and it's with this in mind that it's important to come together, to talk together about the future of this world where we are more and more connected. and we have to agree more and more in this world. >> the kinds of protectionism that we're seeing around the world is indeed to highlight that when we come together like in events like this north american leaders summit, there is an opportunity to come together in ways that are beneficial for the global economy, that are beneficial for our countries' economies, but mostly that are beneficial for individual citizens. we know that export intensive industries pay on average 50% higher wages than non-exporting industries. we know that trade leads to innovation and opportunities for communities, for individuals, for workers. and we need to make sure that we're dealing with challenges and problems as they come up. and that's where a constant engaged dialogue comes with positive outcomes. just yesterday with president pena nieto, we were able to establish forward movement on two difficult issues between our -- not just our countries but our peoples, which will have beneficial impact on both sides of the deal. we'll be lifting visas for visitors to mexico, to canada from mexico, which will have a positive impact on communities across the country as we welcome in tourists, but also we've been able to secure access for canadian farmers to sell their beef in mexico. these are good, concrete things that happen when we pull together and deal with important issues. and always there will be people trying to get us all to turn inwards. but the fact is, our world is interconnected in so many ways that it is much better that we engage, that we work through our challenges together because really, that's how we end up with the kind of growth that benefits our countries and our citizens. >> translator: i'll be very brief in addressing your question. there are some times that what one has has not been valued enough until you lose them. what this integration has managed to achieve in north america is precisely to give to our three countries more opportunities and give our societies more opportunities by growing trade, by having more investment in our three countries, in our three countries we see opportunities growing and reaching out more people, academic exchanges and the possibility of studying abroad in any of the three countries represented here by three heads of state. our outcomes of our trilateral agreements, i believe that we are all aware of how the reactions are what happened in the uk and there is still uncertainty. outcome of the referendum is uncertain. but when someone values what you had, then when we see such reaction. so we are here trying to innovate, to be more competitive. because we are competitors, yes, but we have complimentary economies, and that would give more development to our societies. i believe that this is the main goal of our efforts. the agreements made here are not only agreements made efforts. the agreements made here are not agreements by heads of state. that in accord dance with the values that our three countries care deeply about will be good for us. and us trying to abandon the field will be bad for us. and with brexit, those that argue about living the european union say don't worry, we'll still have access to the single market. apparently their argument was not against trade generally, they just didn't want any obligations. it is important for us not to draw easy analogies between what happened in the u.k., the eu, and what is happening in terms of us attempting to access asian markets through tpp. that is point number one. point number two. ordinary people who have concerns about trade. as the global economy has ingrated, what we have seen are trend lines across the advanced economies of growing inequality. and stagnant wages. and a smaller and smaller share of overall productivity and growth going to workers and a larger portion going to the top 1%. and that is a real problem. if that continues, the social cohesion and political consensus needed for liberal market economies starts breaking down. the question is what do you do about it? and the prescription of withdrawing from trade deals. and focusing solsolely on your local market is not medicine. it is not feasible. our auto plans were shut down if we don't have access to some other parts of the world. we would lose jobs and the amount of disruption involved would be enormous. we would become much more expensive. and this nostalgia about an era when everybody was working in manufacturing jobs, and you didn't need a college degree, but if you worked hard you could live a middle class live. that has been changed by automation more than outsourcing or the swift of jobs to low wage countries. the steel industry is producing as much steel in the united states as it ever was, it just needs one-tenth the workers it used to. and this is why, you know, my push back on the left and the right when it comes to protectionism or anti-trade arguments is you are right to be concerned about the trends, but what you're prescribing will not work. and there is a better way of doing this. countries like ours that have high labor standards, and high environmental standards, and strong protection of intellectual property and law, we have to shake the rules so they work for our workers and our businesses. if we don't, china will write the rules and they may not have the same regard fas we do. in asia there are tariffs that keep our products up, but we can't disengage, we have to engage more. and if we combine that it is running through a safety net. and we're making investments in research and development. and we're building an inclusive society. in which everybody has a fair shot. that is how we're going to solve these problems. what is absolutely true is that the folks in charge around the world have neglecting that side of the equation. so we're going to keep pushing hard to shape a world that works for our people, but we're not going to be able to do that by cutting off trade, that will make all of us pour. >> thank you, we can add to the question second. >> good afternoon. i would like to ask you we have the election process going on. it is a lot of anti-muslim and anti-mexican rhetoric by donald trump, did you success this in your meeting? what would happen if someone not in agreement, he has said that nafta, they would step back from nafta, what did you address in your meetings, thank you? >> i would like to begin by saying that we did address the issue and we have discussed it during the state visit. i would speak on behalf of mexico. my government will respect the election process which is a domestic process for the united states. we're getting ready to work with whomever turns out to be the president of the united states. and the best way way for progress and agreements so far is to explain clearly and let the people feel the beauties and the benefits of all of the work that we do, most of what we do today is not random. it might be a gift from god, but it is actually the outcome of our work of the foundations and the work we have done. and i believe that in the end of the day, when we mag to achieve today would teach us a lesson. it would be for the americans to define who who would provide -- to relate to the past. >> well, i think enrique is right, whoever becomes president of the united states is going to have a deep, strong interest in having a strong relationship with mexico. . it is our neighbor and friend and one of our biggest trading partners. . i think i'm clear that setting aside whatever the candidates are saying that america is a nation of immigrants. that is our strength. unless you're one of the first americans, unless you're a native american, somebody, somewhere in your past showed up from some place else. and they didn't always have have papers. and the genius of america has been to define ourselves not by what we look like, or what our last name is, or what faith we practice. but our adherence to a common creed, a belief that freedom of speech, democracy, democracy, pluralism, tolerance, rule of law. and we have observed those ideals imperfectly at times. and in each successive generation we have gotten better at it. we have come closer to our ideals. the notion that we would stop now on what has been a tradition of attracting talent, strivers, andre

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