the guidelines, the sentencing guidelines s advisory. they used to be mandatory. judges used to have to calculate the guidelines for sentencing purposes and then essentially apply a sentence within the guideline range. in a case called united states versus booker, the supreme court determined that the guidelines were -- are advisory now so they don't have to be applied in every case. you have to calculate them, but judges have more freedom to give effect to congress' -- the various provisions in the statute related to sentencing. in booker and in the -- in its progeny, the supreme court made clear that judges at sentencing -- >> judge, i only have a limited amount of time so let me just