joining me now is dr vali aslam — associate professor in asian security studies at the university of bath. a warm welcome to the programme. i've done a lot of reading and had a look at what the world bank has said, what the world bank has said, what the imf has said and others about the outlook for the afghan economy. it's very gloomy, isn't it? give us your picture. gloomy, isn't it? give us your icture. gloomy, isn't it? give us your icture, ., gloomy, isn't it? give us your icture. ., , ., picture. the outlook is not very positive. _ picture. the outlook is not very positive. in _ picture. the outlook is not very positive. in the - picture. the outlook is not very positive. in the last i picture. the outlook is notl very positive. in the last 20 years the afghan economy has primarily relied on the goodwill of the international community and the presence of international forces in the country. for example the main activity has primarily focused on construction in the field of security spending, transportation spending, and you can see that these fields are basically quite closely