all opera houses are having to deal with the challenges of sustainability, as well as ensuring that audiences can enjoy the big spectacle they expect from a live performance. now we must change every action and we can choose action that creates value with the sustainability and the theatre can tell, can, can communicate the importance of sustainability to our society. so staging a traditional opera in the 21st century is complex, but opera is musical theatre. so above all, the role of the musician, conductor and singer is of paramount importance. frederic chaslin is conducting the orchestra for la gioconda.