he'd been loyal to borisjohnson, until the scandals became too much. he resigned saying he didn't agree with mrjohnson�*s approach. a summer leadership contest followed. time and again, he contrasted his message with his opponent's. i've said the things that i believe our country needs to hear. he lost. but liz truss would come and go. and now rishi sunak is prime minister. he's the leader who needs to persuade his colleagues to fall in line and agree. hi. welcome. well, last week when we started this series, the prime minister had just resigned, this time we have a new prime minister. and also last week i was telling you the home secretary had just resigned, now she's the new home secretary. so, we're doing out best to keep up. i'll take you through all that. not just that, though. protests are spreading in iran again. we will update you there. we have to talk about this, too, because we're all still asking, what did happen to hu jintao? but before all of that — we've got to start at the top. we're just hearing that borisjohnson is not going to stand. penny mordaunt is out. rishi sunak is therefore elected as leader. i will work day in, day out, - to deliver for the british people. it's our old friend, the lectern. i believe in the british people, and i know that brighter days lie ahead. thank you. we can'tjust keep doling out prime ministers every month. _ i will unite our country. he is prime minister. his task is colossal. rishi sunak is nowl the prime minister. go figure. there's a lot for rishi sunak to think about — party management, his mandate. and above all, there's this. right now, our country is facing a profound economic crisis. that crisis is in part because of liz truss�*s decisions. and this is how the new prime minister is plotting a way out of it. i will place economic stability and confidence at the heart of this government's agenda. in other words — doing everything possible to reassure the financial markets. the same markets which stopped liz truss. if that's one objective, we've heard others, too. a stronger nhs, better schools, safer streets. that all costs money — at a time when the government must find billions in savings. and there was also this commitment. the government i lead will not leave the next generation — your children and grandchildren — with a debt to settle that we were too weak to pay ourselves. so, managing government debt whilst improving public services and reassuring the markets. that's a lot to balance. and i had questions at this point about how to do that. how does he do that? what the options are? i took them to simonjack. well, his first priority is to sustain the confidence of the markets. the good news is the government government borrowing costs are going down, which is so important, if you can bring the cost of government borrowing down, the hole you are trying to fill will get smaller and smaller. his options, though, are limited in the sense that he if he is going to make those sums add up, at some point eventually you can only only do that two ways, either through tax rises or through spending cuts. but the word "eventually" is really important. there is no need for him to do something immediately. we are not going to see an nhs budget cut tomorrow. no, we are not going to see big tax rises or spending cuts probably this side of an election. he will set out his plan over the next five years, and what usually happens is that it is treasury, finance ministry sleight of hand, to do all the big changes at the back end of that process. there is an economic reason for doing that, which is you don't want to suck money out of the economy right now, because government spending is a big part of gdp. and secondly he has got an election in 2024 so it would be very convenient politically to push the pain beyond that date. now — those are some of rishi sunak�*s policy options. but whatever plans he settles on, the fact that it's coming off the back of years of political turmoil makes actually getting those policies in place harder. here's how. it's all change again. the departments of transport, education, work and pensions, just three of the 11 departments with new ministers in charge. these departments are staffed by civil servants, they run the country, they implement government policies. that, though, can be harder to do if ministers keep changing at a record pace. we asked the institute for government to look at this with us. this chart shows the number of cabinet appointments each year, the red years had general elections, 2022 has had more than twice as many changes as any previous year. and this chart shows how long chancellors have stayed in post. normally they last for years. jeremy hunt is the fourth in four months. and this is education. since 2010, there have been ten education secretaries. one of them, michelle donelan, lasted less than 36 hours. and all of this chopping and changing has consequences. it is destabilising, it makes it really, really difficult to take forward some of those long—term policy developments. perhaps because of this, rishi sunak was urged to draw on experience. rachel wolf wrote the 2019 conservative manifesto. on monday she advised. well, after a few weeks out, dominic raab, steve barclay and michael gove are back in the jobs they held under boris johnson. they and others bring some continuity. and afterfive tory governments in six years, both the prime minister and civil servants may be hoping that continues. and even if the prime minister gets his mps on side, there's the public, too. according to one poll, 62% want a general election now. 0pposition parties agree. why doesn't he put it to the test? let working people have their say and call a general election. there should be - a general election now. the idea he can go two years before seeking or winning a democratic mandate, i think, is just unthinkable. and so, rishi sunak has to make his case to the party and the country. there is no better time to set tone and direction than a prime minister's first week. i asked samia shah to help me assess how rishi sunak has gone about this. she is a conservative strategist and a former adviser to sajid javid. i saw several people of colour on twitter saying, why is it he has to say i owe this country so much? i think there is always the sense that actually, even second—generation immigrants, there was a choice to come here and there is an acceptance and, unlike lots of european countries, you can thrive in britain if you are an ethnic minority, you can belong to the establishment, as rishi sunak absolutely does. we simply cannot afford to be a low—growth country. i just don't think this is at all reflective of the fact that her premiership has been a totalfailure. it means lower taxes. do you know what, she has now got to carry on with the rest of her life, having been the shortest serving prime minister in history. so, ijust think politicians that don't show a bit of humility afterwards, really, you know, the message is quite insufferable. i want to pay tribute to my predecessor, liz truss. she was not wrong to want to improve growth in this country. you see, that's classy. in his leadership campaign, the reason he didn't get there, largely in my view, was because he did not tell that positive story about growth, and that is where her vision, as it were, her ability to communicate a vision of a greater britain, actually stumped him i think with the membership. thank you. no smiling. not a very fun occasion, is it? there isn't the mandate, really, that exists from an election. he is the third prime minister since 2019. he knows he is going in there with a lot of mps not being fully supportive of him and not having the membership on side. so, there is so little room for him to manoeuvre, so the way that he has presented himself is almost as bland as you could be. was his home secretary right to resign last week for a breach of security? she accepted her mistake. she will be focused on cracking down on criminals. he seemed to know what was coming. those questions weren'tjust off—the—cuff, he had them loaded. but here is the interesting thing, a lot of people always worry about the fact that you have rishi sunak versus keir starmer, and apart from the fact that one of them is from a minority background, they are actually quite similar — competent technocrats and quite studied. even their haircuts are similar, it is quite funny. it's not inconceivable that he would get the way that keir starmer thinks about this. the tories have crashed the economy, and now somebody has to pay for their mess. see what i mean about the hair. i say it shouldn't be working people who have been hammered time and again by this lot. you are going to have this huge, huge fiscal black hole that is going to have to be filled with cuts, and presenting that in the commons is going to be phenomenally difficult. and also trying to put a positive spin on it is going to be phenomenally difficult. so, the only way that they can really go is the acceptance that this is going to be a difficult time, but all they can do is make the right, tough choices. is it possible for one person coming in to fundamentally shift the dynamics inside a party? if you accept that perception is a big part of reality, you can make yourself believe that things will get better and you can push yourself behind that positivity. and, ultimately what are general election campaigns and political communication? it's making perception of reality. as we've been seeing, rishi sunak has highlighted the economic challenges the uk faces. in a few minutes, i'll get into where brexit fits into that. before that, though, the protests in iran. because this story is far from finished. something extraordinary is happening in iran. at the grave of a young woman who died last month after being in custody, thousands gathered on wednesday. they are part of something bigger. through wednesday night, protests grew across the country. and this is a movement driven by iranian women. six weeks on and many iranian women are already living a different life, they refuse to wear the headscarf in public and continue to fight. this is tehran in may. this is tehran this week. not wearing a headscarf is illegal for iranian women. but more and more women are ignoring that. something that was unthinkable weeks ago. and every night, people still open their windows and chant "death to the dictator." a message they aim at the iranian supreme leader. these protests were sparked by the death of mahsa amini, who was 22. she is buried in the north—west of iran in saqez. and with wednesday marking a0 days since her death, security forces tried to block access to the city, it did not work. i have never been as hopeful as i am today. woman, life, freedom. and all of these protests and acts of defiance come at a cost. videos on social media, verified by the bbc, show people being beaten by security officials. here we see women without headscarves defying police. in this video, security forces gathered at a girls school in tehran on monday. one of them shouts, "we have permission, beat them, beat them all." nationwide, one human rights group estimates more than 13,000 people have been arrested and that at least 250 have been killed. knowing all of this, last weekend thousands of iranians assembled in berlin to demand change. 0ur dreams signal the collapse of this empire of fear, crimes against humanity and corruption as the pillars that hold ayatollah khamenei. this is a direct challenge to iran's islamic laws, which date back to 1979 when ayatollah khamenei founded iran's islamic republic. and listen to this bbc report at the time. iranian women lost their right to choose how they dress. it was a freedom women had before 1979. it is a freedom some want now. it's unclear where these protests are heading, but what is clear is the relationship between the iranian government and society is completely broken down. and there's no going back from this point on. the authorities insist all of this must stop. but there is no going back for this mother whose son died in custody. she recently took off her hijab, declaring the religion it stood for was killing people. and so the death of one woman has become about many women's lives. and they say there is no going back to how they used to live. the scale of interest in what is happening in iran is vast. as it is with one video from the communist party congress in china. it's been watched 12 million times. it has people talking about the power dynamics at the very top of china's leadership. on saturday, the scene was set as the communist party congress drew to a close. reporters had just been allowed in. there was president xi, having consolidated his power and hujintao, his predecessor. then, in front of all of us watching, he was ex—cop , escorted out put it. within minutes, the footage was going viral. soon, chinese state media reported that he was not feeling well during the session and now he was much better. certainly as he appears to take notes, he appears confused. and he has been assisted before. this footage is from a week earlier. but some are questioning the official explanation, asking... but being sure of any aspect of this is hard. it can sometimes be very frustrating trying to work out what has happened. and even though this happened in front of foreign journalists, it was out of earshot and very difficult to assess. you literally have to try to pick over the fine details and do guesswork. then on tuesday, more footage emerged showing just before hu jintao was taken out. he goes to open a folder but is stopped. we don't know what was in the folder, we do know the new central committee had just been announced and that hu jintao's faction had been frozen out. that has drawn the attention of the chinese dissident and artist ai weiwei. at this stage, that is a theory, no more. but these power dynamics connect to why this moment matters. as the incident unfolds, xi jinping looks at the man to his right. this is one of hu jintao's proteges, he has been chinese premier, second—in—command for ten years. this week, he found out he will be losing thatjob. and as his mentor is removed, he stares forward, impassively. so too did the rest of the powerful standing committee. whether intentional or not, the imagery is unavoidable. let's not forget that this all happened just when the cameras were allowed in. at this congress, xijinping definitely wanted the world to see these displays of unanimous support. perhaps he wanted us to see this too. either way, what we did see was a president with even greater power and an empty chair where his predecessor had been. let's go back to uk politics. rishi sunak has been clear that the uk economy faces profound challenges, he says. and i want to look at one issue that he and others have raised this week — brexit. as he took office on tuesday, rishi sunak turned to the conservatives�* election manifesto of 2019. i will deliver on its promise, building an economy that embraces the opportunities of brexit. mr sunak wants to build the economy, but there's no shortage of people who say brexit isn't helping do that. brexit is and was and will be a total disaster. brexit is doing the economy real damage. brexit as negotiatedj is frankly a disaster. rishi sunak would not agree that brexit is a disaster, and however it is described, based on available evidence, this is what we know about brexit and the economy. in 2020, then prime minister boris johnson agreed a trade deal with the eu in which the uk left the single market and the customs union. mrjohnson saw it as... a deal which will, if anything, allow our companies and exporters to do even more business with our european friends. that has not happened yet. this is the nonpartisan institute for fiscal studies. we have lost a large fraction of our trade with the european union, including with high—value professional services trade, that is making us poorer. 0r there is the uk's trade as a whole, the office for budget responsibility is the official body that provides independent economic analysis and it has concluded there has been a 15% reduction in trade intensity as a result of brexit. it also released this data. the red line shows uk exports, and unlike other advanced economies, the uk's exports have not bounced back after covid. the 0br links this to brexit. when still chancellor, mr sunak was asked about the drop in trade. it was always inevitable that if you changed the exact nature of your trading relationship with the eu, that would have an impact on trade flows. this week, in a different way, this point was acknowledged by the man who negotiated brexit for the uk, lord frost. i have always said leaving the customs union and single market has a cost, not every brexiteer has been willing to say that, but i've always said it. i don't think it is as big as many people say. lord frost and many brexiteers would say brexit is about much more than the economy — about sovereignty and taking back control. but the economy was part of it. this is michael gove in 2016. the truth is that if we vote to leave, we will be in an economically stronger position. that also hasn't happened yet. no doubt resetting your trading relationship with the world takes time. there are already 71 new agreements with other countries, although most are direct copies of deals done when the uk was part of the eu. there are completely new deals with japan, new zealand and australia. the australia deal, for example, is estimated to increase the uk gdp by 0.08% by 2035. then there is india and the government said this week progress was being made, but there is no sign of a deal with the us. and if that is trade, next is business investment. it peaked in 2016, the year of the brexit referendum, but has never returned to that level. or the value of the pound, the strength of the dollar has lowered the value currencies around the world. but the pound has fallen considerably against the dollar since 2016 and a weaker pound makes imported goods more expensive, which in turn has contributed to inflation. but all of these factors together and this is the office for budget responsibility�*s conclusion. it forecast that brexit will reduce uk gdp by 4% over 15 years, and when faced with questions about the economy, ministers have pointed to international issues. these are global pressures, the inflationary pressures, energy price pressures are affecting economies, developed and developing economies, right across the globe. no doubt the economic impact of covid and the war in ukraine are considerable. the uk's economy has longer—term issues as well. since the 1970s, growth has gradually slowed and since the global crash of 2008, productivity has stagnated. it's a complicated picture, but the 0br and many economists argue brexit is part of it. for his part, lord frost says patience is required. i think the whole british political system is going through a bit of a convulsion after brexit. and it's not surprising when you get this sort of huge change, and i think it has some way to play out yet. as it plays out with a new prime minister in charge, rishi sunak has the chance to deliver the economic opportunities of brexit that he has long promised. but based on available evidence, brexit in his current form is one of the things constraining the growth of the uk economy. as we consider rishi sunak�*s first week at the helm, perhaps we can turn to a quote his predecessor wanted to share. as the roman philosopher seneca wrote, it's not because things are difficult that we do not dare, it is because we do not dare that they are difficult. of course, in the case of liz truss, she dared and made things more difficult. we can assume rishi sunak will be hoping to avoid that. much harder will be his promise to support the most vulnerable and to balance the books. goodbye. hello. we've seen some exceptionally mild weather over the past few days. in fact, yesterday was the warmest 29th of october on record. we had temperatures just shy of 23 celsius in london. today, it is still mild, not as warm as yesterday. and it's also quite breezy, unsettled with scattered showers around. low pressure is sitting towards the north west of the uk at the moment and plenty of showers and weather fronts rotating around that. proximity of the isobars shows that it is going to feel quite windy, but the winds are coming in from the south or southwest so again, still a very mild direction with that air flow. monday, a lot of dry weather particularly for eastern scotland. the rest of the uk, sunny spells and scattered showers. part of wales, northern england and central scotland, they could be thundery and quite frequent. thus a a0 mph or more, especially in exposure to the west. it isn't as warm as yesterday, 13 to 17 degrees but above average for this time of year. this evening and tonight, most of the showers in the north fade away. could be misty patches forming here and there. late at night, cloud and rain are bred from the west and the breeze picking up. it is going to be another mild frost free night as we had to into monday morning. monday itself, high pressure setting across the new continent so keeping things dry for the bulk of england, scotland and wales for the most of the day. the weather front role in wales for the most of the day. the weatherfront role in bringing rain to northern ireland and western scotland. in the sunnier skies we could see 18 degrees towards the south east. most of us still in the mid, possibly high teens. monday come halloween if you are heading out trick—or—treating, this is how it is looking. rain for part of scotland and northern ireland. could be the shower ahead of that, but the bulk of england and wales it will be staying dry. 0n bulk of england and wales it will be staying dry. on tuesday an unsettled picture with plenty of weather fronts on the map. we are likely to start with persistent rain which clears east, to be followed by sunshine and scattered heavy showers and thunderstorms. gales developing through the english channel and temperatures 11 to 16 degrees so it will feel cooler and it will be a windy and showery sort of picture. windy through the week ahead with plenty of showers on the chart but those temperatures will be dropping down through the course of the week. this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. south korea is in a period of national mourning after more than 150 people were killed in a crush during a halloween celebration. sobbing: i turn around and i told the crowd, i "you can't come this way, people are dying." as mourners line the streets of seoul to pay their respects, south korea's president promises a thorough investigation. translation: a tragedy and disaster | that should not have happened took| place in the heart of seoul. i hope the people who are injured will get better soon. uk government minister michael gove says the home secretary suella braverman deserves a "second chance" — after allegations