on the defenders in most cases. here's their charismatic president, volodymyr zelensky, a one—time comic actor who has rallied the nation, refusing to leave the capital even though there is a bounty on his head. then there's poor russian tactics. russian commanders on the ground have largely failed to take full advantage of all the tools at their disposal. things like armoured vehicles, artillery, rocket launchers, helicopters — all of which, when combined with infantry, can have massive effect but which the russians have failed to master. the russian air force is 15 times bigger than ukraine's, yet they have failed to achieve supremacy in the skies. and finally, there's poor russian logistics and communications. russian soldiers have not always maintained their vehicles properly, meaning that many of them are breaking down. and when it comes to radios, a lot of them don't work, forcing them to use mobile phones which can be easily intercepted by the ukrainians.