Transcripts For ALJAZAM Your World This Morning 20151201

This is day two of the International Climate talks in paris and this morning World Politics are over shadowing efforts to stop Climate Change and president obama met with turkish president one week after they shot down a russian plane, good morning im stephanie sy. And offering a motive for the shoot down and protecting the oil trade with i. S. I. L. And demanding proof and president obama is trying to diffuse the tensions. We all have a common enemy and that is i. S. I. L. And want to make sure that we focus on that threat and i want to make sure we remain focused on the need to bring about some sort of political resolution in syria. Reporter our senior washington correspondent mike has been monitoring the talks for us and mike president obama using the gathering in paris to have support for defeating i. S. I. L. And what came out of the meeting this morning with the turkish president. Its interesting del since the shoot down of the russian su 24 war plane over the skies of turkey shot down by a turkey f 16 and Vladimir Putin alleging there is a cover up involved to keep the world from knowing its buying black market oil from i. S. I. L. Occupying in iraq and portions that they occupy and portions of syria that it occupies and many have been the coalition of raids to cutback on revenues that are generated and funding i. S. I. L. Operations, this is something that Vladimir Putin said two or three times most recently at the paris summit at the press conference saying it is from turkey and strong words from erdogan today quoting sources and if russia can prove that is the case i can step down as president of turkey and if russia cannot prove it perhaps Vladimir Putin can consider stepping down with russia and the war of words is escalating and not the military and shooting were and turkey is a nato ally and president obama saying he stands behind turkey and defenses even in president obamas meeting on the meetings of the summit yesterday telling Vladimir Putin he regrets the loss of the russian pilots life and shot down on the Syrian Border and taken inside the Syrian Border by ethnic turkmen fighting the assad regime and regrets the loss of life and backing turkey all the way and calling for deescalation between the conflict. Is there a sense that Vladimir Putin is trying to fan the flames . I think Vladimir Putin has domestic Political Considerations and he has been worned by tough leaders here in washington that russia would be stumbling in a hornets nest and a quagmire once it started over the skies of syria bombing the allies and opposition to assad forces backed by the United States and its allies, del and Vladimir Putin is trying to justify and perhaps spin the incident involving the russian war plane that was shot down again allegedly over the skies of turkey by a turkish war plane, for his part president obama is continuing in his meeting yesterday with putin to try to get him and the russian airforce to focus on i. S. I. L. And not many of the opposition groups which again are backed by the United States. Del, live in washington and mike as always thank you for being with us and stay with us, more on the climate summer in 15 minutes and the post expected to talk with reporters in the next hour and comments live. Congressional republicans are already pushing back on president obama plans to combat Climate Change and House Majority leader Kevin Mccarthy says he will fight using taxpayer money to fight agreement reached in paris and rushing to draft a new funding bill before the end of next week and mccarthy says it could have language to block funding for any International Funding agreement but pope francis urged them at the Climate Change summit to do more and after coming back from a sixday africa tour its now or never regarding fossil fuels. Translator we are at limits and if i use a strong word we are at the limits of suicide and im certain almost all of those in paris at cop 21 are conscious of this and want to do something. Reporter france has pushed that during the african trip and urged leaders not to let shortterm deals from the industrial derail a longterm agreement for the environment. Reporter major prisoner environment for the Lebanese Army and alnusra and releasing 16 captive soldiers in exchange for prisoners held by lebanon and one freed is the exwife of agbidadi and we are in lebanon where the exchange happened. Translator it was a long and difficult journey to reach this point, we are here in alnusra controlled territory and witnessing the release of the captive soldiers and release of the soldiers was mediated by qatar and substantial efforts by alnusra government and lebanese government to make this deal happen. This is a convoy of the Lebanon Forces bringing alnusra to be exchanged coming from i. S. I. L. The Lebanese Army receiving the body of one soldier killed by alnusra last year and family of the soldiers camping out for a year demanding release of all captured troops. Growing controversy in texas over calls to keep Syrian Refugees out of the state. Major Refugee Agency to keep up the work despite the state telling them to stop and al jazeera has more. Trying to organize more buses so you and your family can go to the registration. Reporter International Rescue committee is known for resetting refugees from around the world and pushing back for texas saying not to bring them to the u. S. And do not say they are the same as those seeking sanctuary in the United States and the texas health and Human Commission recently sent a letter threatening legal action and cut finding if irc tried to put the syrians in the state and 200 syrians have been placed in texas this year but Governor Abbot joined more than 30 governors saying no more should be let in until the government beefs up the screening process. Because of the inability to establish good tracking information about the background of the Syrian Refugees i would say it is impossible for them to meet our standard, our criteria to accept any further refugees. Similar fight playing out in missouri where state legislatures held a hearing on how they plan to use funds for refugee programs and its one of the Democratic Leaders who supports Refugee Resettlement in the states. What public funds being used coming into the state of missouri. Resettlement organizations say they are the most voted group to come to the u. S. And 2200 allowed to enter over the last four years and Obama Administration has 10,000 during the current budget year and despite new jersey governor letting refugees in his state a syrian family of seven was brought in just this week, rescue groups said under federal law there is nothing that states can do about this. I guess my question is how many syrians actually view the United States as being their ultimate destination . There is a new gallop say 6 leaving syria see u. S. Or canada as their knew home and many prefer europe or the middle east. Not ruled out and thank you for being with us. This morning the man accused of killing three people at a planned parenthood clinic in Colorado Springs facing first degrees murder charges and dear was this court video link and answered questions over the shooting that left three people dead and nine more hurt and Al Jazeera Jim reports. Murder in the first degree, penalty for that charge is minimum of life in prison and maximum of death. Reporter 57yearold Robert Lewis Dear appeared before a judge via video from Detention Center where he is being held. Do you have any questions about any of these rights, sir . No questions. Okay, does the public defender wish any additional advice . No your honor. Reporter prosecutors say they will charge with first degree murder and yet to seek the death penalty. Now we will be seeking the death penalty, under the Current System its not a question i can answer now and it will be at the time that he is arraigned, after after rain arraignment we will have 65 days and after that in an open courtroom. Reporter dan will consult with federal prosecutors next week about possible hate crime charges. Three people were killed in fridays attack at a planned Parenthood Center in Colorado Springs and the motive is still not clear, dear led a reclusive life and strange and critical of president obama. We have antiobama pamphlets after three minutes of meeting somebody want to give you that kind of stuff. Reporter prim Rose Hospital in downtown Colorado Springs placed on lack down for security concerns, this is where many of those wounded in the shooting have been treated. Jim with al jazeera, Colorado Springs. Chicago Police Officer who shot and killed a black teen last year is now free on bond and Jason Van Dyke released after posting 150 in cast and faces murder charges for shooting mcdonald and shot him 16 times and led to days of protests in chicago including monday. [chanting] 16 shots. Reporter gathered outside chicago hall demanding independent review of the case and police department, president of naacp brooks was among those arrested. Today chicagos mayor plans to launch a task force to look at police conduct. Investigators saying the threat at university of chicago was in response to the killing of mcdonald and classes resuming today and 21 dean faces charges in this case, police say dean threatened to kill 16 white men on campus plus any police he came across. The online threat prompted the school to cancel classes on monday and dean is at the nearby university of chicago. Missouri hard hit with wintry weather are seeing more today and storm impacting minnesota and south dakota and could drop a half a foot of snow on top of the snow and ice already blanketing the region and it came in and killed a dozen people and we will bring in nicole on what to expect today. This we were talking about yesterday and keeps going so you can pick up the spiral in the atmosphere with the pressure and hardest hit and south dakota and minnesota and snow through the dakotas and south as nebraska and the front end of this is raining and heavy rain and dealing with it in tennessee for example and a lot of other places starting to feel some of that rain through the course of the day today and a closer look where we have some of the snow. Had been a little more ice mixed in yesterday and this morning most of this is just straight snow so that in some cases is better news but the significant snow i have seen called lake benton near the border and minnesota and south dakota and 9 is the most and getting more of that today so once you add everything up there will be some places over a foot and add to what you already have on the ground and 46 which we see going only right now and warnings up for south dakota and the little corridor heading into minnesota. This will finally start to clear out a little more tomorrow and here is all the moisture and the rain side of this moving up the east coast today so in some of the busy cities and new york has a couple bands of rain as it moves through. The heaviest stuff as i moved centered around tennessee and back behind that some rivers cresting from the last storm plus this one adding some rain and a couple flood concerns this morning. Most of this goes to the east coast today and lingers into tomorrow so its really two more days before we entirely get out of it. Yucky this morning. Indonesia knows the cause of last years crash in the java sea and all 162 people on board died and believe a facility part and lack of crew training and al jazeera has the latest. Reporter investors unravelled the moments before the plane crashed on the way to singapo singapore 11 months ago and technical problems with the Computer System of the air bus became very fatal because the pilots were not able to handle the problems correctly. What happened is that the computerized system of the plane was completely falling out and the pilots had to fly the plane manually. A lot of disturbances immediately happened with the plane, it was nearly flying vertical and it was rolling from left to right and the pilots couldnt get control over the plane which they should have been able to if they would have gotten the right training. According to the investigators air bus has recommended in the manuals to pilots who are in training not to have this training because they say a plane will never be in what they call this upset condition. So investigators have blamed air bus, they have blamed the pilots and also maintenance of the plane, officially these investigators from the transport information never put any official blame on someone for an air crash but those are all the elements they have discussed today. Reporting from jakarta bodies of 56 passengers have never been recovered. A toxic blanket in beijing. Talking about record levels of smog choking cities as they begin to talk about Climate Change in paris. A menu change and initiative designed to shake the salt habit. This is what it looks like today in beijing. Millions of people have been urged to stay indoors again today. As World Leaders are gathering to discuss Climate Change in paris the smog is at Dangerous Levels and adrian brown has the story. Reporter in paris talking about how to save the planet, in beijing they are just trying to breathe. Smog thick enough to see, Accurate Enough to taste. Government leaders call these conditions unfavorable, many others call it crazy bad and its been this bad since saturday. Yet some appear oblivious to the toxic threat skroo. Translator the pollution is so bad and how much can the mask help you. Translator you cant wear the mask all the time, if you are in the room the smog can still get in and impossible to wear the mask for 24 hours. Reporter schools are open but many parents like lou ping are keeping their children at home. Translator today the school is still open but my son does not feel well and has a sore throat, the pollution has been really bad for the past few days and dont want him getting worse by going outside. Reporter even here though its not entirely safe and the red light on the purifier has pollutants in the home and one of the reasons why a child cannot venture outside the coalfired power station supplying heat to our apartment block. And with spikes for measuring air quality and bringing dark humor, a government monitoring station recorded a reading of nearly 1,000 on monday night and anything over 100 is considered unhealthy to atrisk groups like the elderly, people with asthma and children. China is the worlds leading emitter of greenhouse gasses and hopes the emissions will people by 2030 and still means we could have many more days like this or perhaps even worse. Adrian brown, al jazeera, beijing. Andrew is the founder and writer of the New York Times dot earth and senior fellow at Pace University and thanks for being with us. Pleasure being here. Fascinated in reading your column you believe things this time will be somewhat different, why . Different but doesnt mean they will quickly solve a problem, they are different in the way they recognize the scope of the problem. Moving a world that is mainly fueled on fossil fuels 80 or so to 0 is not the task of one president , one treaty meeting, its a process, its a journey. There was a false expectation i think really from the late 20th century right until copenhagen in 2009 the last round of the talks this would be solved by some magical big deal. In fact, you have been covering Climate Change for 30 years and i think the question people are asking is where do we stand today and how real is this threat we have now reached the point of no return . The point of no return has been there a long time because greenhouse gasses are cumulative and kind of like not paying your Credit Card Debt and spending less doesnt make your debt go away and c 02 gets in the atmosphere and the forcing on the atmosphere has been building for 30 years as the world has gotten industrialized and have a multi, thousand year impact and we dont know how warm its going to get still and science is uncertain on extent of warming and one of the reasons it becomes a value judgment, how much do you value the future. In laymans terms what is going to happen to the planet if we ignore the warning of two degrees celsius . This two degrees threshold is sort of a political threshold and masquerading like this but the big science body that has been in existence since the 80s has never really said there is a line in the sand, once you pass it and things go awry in a bigger way and its a rising risk, rising emission risk with temperatures and president obama science advisor says essentially you get several options and can mitigate the gasses and cut emissions and adapt to impacts and you can suffer. That brings us back to politics so how concerned are writers like you who cover this with the Political Climate no pun intended in washington d. C. Where they do not believe there is a Climate Change problems and problems in paris could be done away with if a republican wins the white house and controls both houses of congress one of the issues in the system of government the next president and because this only has been executive order so far and restriction on power plants that obama has done can be undone, sure and that is why skirting the legislative process is sort of a real stop gap measure and doesnt give you the initiatives you need and there is good news and look behind the yelling and there is a lot of agreement and a yale study says in 50 states there is no redblue with Renewable Energy and no redblue divide regular laying c 02, its a pollutant. Yesorno questions and so much said about china are they really in or are they just sitting on the fence . Well, they are in to the ex extent we are in and everything is voluntary and everything is measurable and hopefully reportable and verifiable and are the terms. China as people just saw on the smog forecast from beijing they cant keep burning the coal the way they have and need to clean it up and moving to natural gas which is cleaner and nuclear and china is on the trajectory from deep reliance on dirty coal and will happen with or without Global Warming have to do that. Thanks for being with us this morning. My pleasure. A vote of my confidence students at another school putting pressure on their president to address race issues on campus and a data breach at a popular toy maker that may have exposed the information of children. Every monday night. I lived that character. Go one on one with americas movers and shakers. We will be able to see change. Gripping. Inspiring. Entertaining. No topic off limits. cause im like, dad, there are hookers in this house. Exclusive conversations you wont find anywhere else. These are very vivid, human stories. If you have an agenda with people, you sometimes dont see the truth. Talk to al jazeera. Monday, 6 00 eastern. Only on al jazeera america. Welcome back to your world this morning, it is 7 28 eastern taking a look at todays top stories, tensions between russia and turkey are over shadowing some of the talks at the Climate Summit in paris and a few hours ago president obama met with turkeys president on the sidelines and russian president Vladimir Putin accused them of shooting down a war plane to protect oil trade with i. S. I. L. A chicago Police Officer who shot and killed a black teen last year is free on bail, Jason Van Dyke was free after posting 150,000 of cash and cases charges of shooting mcdonald 16 times. Exwife of the leader has been released in a prisoner swap and part of a Major Exchange today between lebanese and members obama alnusra front and released 16 captive soldiers in exchange for prisoners held by lebanon. Marine guilty of killing a philippine woman after finding she was transgender. Convicted of homicide and sentenced 12 years in prison and we have more from manila. Reporter in the decision the trial court said it hoped the verdict would serve as deterrent and warning men they are not above being accountable for crimes under philippine law and this is closely watched here as many philippine people have been critical of their own government and accused of giving preferential treatment to the United States and servicemen and several hundred u. S. Troops at present and the number could increase if the Supreme Court decides on the legality of an expanded agreement that the philippines want to sign with the u. S. And mean more servicemen coming in and out of the country and u. S. Facilities being built within Philippine Military camps here and many philippines are not happy about the u. S. Armed presence in the country and basically want them out and see this as an example that at least philippine sovereignty has not completely been under minded, however department of justice has gone against a court ruling which has ordered u. S. Marine to be brought to a National Penitentiary institution here in manila and department of justice said he is to be held within the military camp in u. S. Custody pending his appeal and final decision on that. Al jazeera reporting from manila, the philippine Supreme Court rules in 2009 that convicted u. S. Personnel must serve their sentences in the philippines. Puerto rico officials have a few hours before a band payment is to be paid and 355 is still there and has 72 billion in debt. [switching captioners] police in alaska investigating the disputed death of the newly elected mayor of juneau. Steven fisk was found dead inside his home. He was elected in october. Police say there was no evidence of forced entry. An autopsy will determine the exact cause of death. The iowa caucus in two months away, Hillary Clinton receiving a thumbs up from 13 to 14 female pen stores, the loan hold out, elizabeth warren. Clinton has been endorsed by 83 of the senator caucus, Bernie Sanders not receiving any endorsements from his colleagues. Donald trump is in New Hampshire for a Campaign Event a day after he sat down with a meeting with africanamerican pastors in new york. The meeting was for the pastors to endorse him. Afterwards, trump tried to down play the controversial a. J. Tone has taken me to first position in every single fall including state and national polls. The beautiful thing about the meeting is they really didnt ask me to change the tone. I think they want to see victory, because ultimately it is about we want to win and win together. We had meaningful dialogue and we voiced concerns that were sensitive to the africanamerican community, and we ask questions and the question were answered. We were satisfied with the answers and youre a unified front right here. Trump expects many pastors who attended the meeting to endorse him for president. Students at an upstate new york college have given the president a vote of no confidence, saying the that College President has not done enough to fight racism on the college. What can the students and school do about the issue . Well, at the moment, this vote is nonbinding, but the faculty have ithaca will hold a vote. If that comes back against the president , that could be a problem. Protests have flared up at ithaca college. Students complained of racial insults at campus meetings and a party advertised at cops and crooks. There are things said that reduce the dignity of students and faculty that are not acceptable. Students pay a lot of money to be part of this institution. An on line student vote was launched, students asked to vote on whether they had confidence in the leadership of the schools penalty to address the problems. The fact that people are voicing their discontent and their worry about whats going on, because, i mean, speaking personally, im aware that there is racism around here. She admits she didnt really feel those tensions at ithaca until the protests started gearing up. Is it Political Correctness run amok . I want go that far. There are people who are going to say that, these are pampered kids and cant handle the reality. If youre going to vouch that these issues arent issues, thats pretty crazy to vouch. Steven wrote a column in the Student Newspaper warning that Political Correctness not trample all the voices on campus even those that disagree with dumping the president. People arent going to agree with what i say in many situations, but having that out there ensure that is there is a better, a more equal Playing Field for all parties. Another student, Leanna Campbell admits she hasnt felt racial tensions, but said want president has had the chance to address racial issues on campus and just hasnt. Its not just a racial thing. Its just he and his administration in general havent been doing anything that the faculty and students both want. If the vote from the faculty here at ithaca comes back as no confidence, and everyone agrees the board of trusties will take a hard look at making possible changes at the top. It makes it look like theres been nothing done. Have there been any changes so far at ithaca . The administration released a Statement Last night saying that it supports the process here but they have always said look, we have been addressing these issues in campus meetings. We have hired a diversity officer. They brought in body cameras for campus police, all these changes, but will it be enough for the president to keep his job. Andy reporting live from ithaca, new york, thank you very much. For the first time in 10 years, congress is close to approving a long term highway bill. Its meant to tackle traffic and crumbling roads, but not everyone agrees with the approach or whether it gets the job done at all. Al jazeeras lisa stark has more from washington. Its been a bumpy ride for transportation bills in congress at that members have failed for a decade to pass long term funding agreeing to only short term fixes. Eight months, two weeks. Another one day, four days, very unpredictable, difficult for the states and cities to count on the federal government being present. This year, a legislative miracle. The house passed a six year transportation bill. So did the senate. This is a moment in history, folks, that doesnt come along very often. We can actually Work Together now on this. Its been up to this enormous conference committee, 65 lawmakers to resolve the differences in the two bills. Once they do, congress will vote on the compromise and president is expected to sign it. I believe everyone understands how critical our Transportation System is to our economy and constituents quality of life. 60,000 bridges in the u. S. Are in bad shape and a third of major roads in poor or mediocre condition. The big bottleneck, how to pay to fix all this. The reality is that we cant use yesterdays funding levels to solve tomorrows challenges. Traditionally, the federal gas tax covers the tab, but it has not been raised since 1993 and given inflation and better fuel economy, the tax now bricks in billions less than whats needed. Still, theres little desire in congress to raise the tax. Drivers we spoke with had mixed views. It obviously would directly impact my bottom line in terms of, you know, my disposal income, so of course im sort of against that. I think its a good idea, but if it keeps the roads and bridges and everything safe. If i was forced, i would have to say no, i am not. Congress is cobbling together 300 billion with the help of creative financing as the Committee Chair puts it, by finding coins under it is cushions. Washington deserves credit for passing a bipartisan bill, but its the bare minimum of what they had to get done. They really shouldnt be that congratulatory, because its really kicking the can down the road. It tackles safety issues, which congress has been up in arms over after a Record Number of recalls involving tens of millions of drivers, but despite that tough talk, critics say the bill flunks on safety. You do find that when the camera lights are on, and these members have a microphone. They roar like a loy i dont know, but when theyre in the back room writing the bill and their friends from industry are lobbying them, they become weak as lambs. Gillen said the house bill short changes the Government Agency responsible for auto safety and that neither bill allows hefty enough fines against automakers who cover up safety defects. Yes, congress has at long last jump started a transportation bill but as for moving forward on significant funding and safety changes, those are left for another day. Lisa stark, al jazeera, washington. Nicole mitchell says when is a lot of rain a good thing, she said when it is moving into the west coast. And of course when its days and days that are rainy and gloomy, you might not appreciate it as much. The big system coming from the midwest bringing the rain to the east coast, rain and heavy snow and our eyes have been on this. If we look all the way back to the west coast, you can see more clouds and a little more moisture coming in and that is the next system. This one right now and its really not until the final frames that we see more of that rain coming in, so were just getting it today and it will intensify. This isnt a system that may make its way across the country. Will confine to the west coast. In the meantime, were going to have a couple days where its the coastline. The closer to the coastline, the likelier the rain and snow in higher elevation, so we already have different Winter Weather advisories. Higher elevations could see a half foot, lower elevations through the mountains, two or threeinches. Thats not so much. We also have high wind advisories and warnings up. Some winds through terrain could gust 5070 miles per hour, so this is a potent storm system. As i mentioned for the coastline, all that rain starts today but as we get through the next three or four days, some places next to the coastline could get a half foot, some isolated places much more than this. Most of the region is in drought conditions, but this is going to be a lot of rain, so this could be flooding potential. If you want the core of warmth, it is still isolated back in the southeast. Today is World Aids Day and there is a renewed push to increase awareness about the diaz around the world. While probably cases have declined significantly, the United Nations said there is still problem areas. The Asia Pacific Region faces a hidden epidemic of h. I. V. Among adolescents. There were 50,000 new h. I. V. Infections there last year, a 15 increase. There are now 220,000 people between the ages of 15 and 19 that have h. I. V. In that part of the world. Bangkok and jakarta are hubs of new infections. Joining me now is an Infectious Disease physician between 1998 and 2012, the doctor to died tuberculosis and h. I. V. In africa, mali, ethiopia and brazil. Thats just a piece of your resume. 35 years since the first case of h. I. V. Aids was discovered. In this country how much progress has been made and how much hasnt . We have made tremendous progress but there is a reason we still see 50,000 new infections in this country per year. The historically, it has been centered among africanamericans and gay men, urban areas. Part of it is fueled by a heroin epidemic fueled by Prescription Drug abuse. You are seeing different places in rural places like indiana. Also, the elderly, you have baby boomers who maybe lost a spouse, got divorced and they didnt come of age during the era of safe he sex and h. I. V. They dont think i dont need a condom, im not going to get pregnant. We are seeing cases among the elderly. Lets see about the trends, which is the rise in adolescents. Particularly in asia. What is driving that trend . If you look at the numbers from china, you have a large proportion of people in the earlier phases of the epidemic who reported no risk factor. Some were men who werent reporting they were. As it becomes more acceptable societally, people are reporting it. I want to get to advanced Treatment Options that werent available 35 years ago. Are they enough to end the epidemic . We like to see we need to spend more money on research and science. Unfortunately the science for h. I. V. Is one of the areas in medical research where weve advanced about as quickly as we could have. The add canses are friends what weve accomplished in just a couple of decades. It really comes down to political, social, economic problems, and its not enough to just have drugs. You need to have the political will and commitment to really bring h. I. V. To an end. The u. N. Aid declared a goal to end the disease by 2020. Is that realistic . Weve done a very good job with women. Women are tested for h. I. V. When they get pregnant throughout the world and we get them in care, start them on treatment for h. I. V. Men are harder to get in for testing. Often they just send their wife in for testing and say thats my result. Children if infected after sort of the very early years are also very difficult to get in for treatment. Thats one area we really need to work on if were going to end h. I. V. The other area is tuberculosis. H. I. V. Kills by weakening your immune system. You die from other systems and many die from t. B. Worldwide and yet the same level of funding or commitment to tube burke closes is not there. In fact, it has been cut the last few years. Health officials reporting this morning they have good news in stopping diabetes. They say there has been a decline of cases in the u. S. C. D. C. Said new cases dropping by 20 between 2008 and 2013. A 33 decline in the amount which owed da that americans drink. The drop in new cases mostly among white americans, the rate of diabetes in africanamericans and hispanics is largely unchanged. Today, new York City Restaurants warn diners about salt content. It is the latest attempt by the big apple trying to take a bite out of our poor eating habits. New york city holt officials hope putting this icon on the menu will help with health problems. Our Blood Pressure can go up when we eat too much salt. These icons can help consumers. New york is the first city to make chain restaurants put that warning label next to menu items that contain more than 2300 milligrams of sodium. Thats the recommended daily limit and some Officials Say popular items like a subway foot long spicy italian sub or an applebees grilled shrimp and spin nash salad can put you over that limit. The Blood Pressure and sodium work alone and together to create vascular damage. This vascular damage allows the body to then start creating plaque. It gets bigger and bigger causing either heart attack or stroke. The salt warning logo was displayed after month. We are not telling them what to do, but i think its important that we give them the opportunity to make the right decisions or wrong decisions, if thats what they so choose. This is just the latest. Health initiative connected to food in new york city. The city requires many restaurants to show calorie counts and city lawmakers ban transfats, an ingredient thats also been linked to heart disease. The new york city board of health unanimously passed the salt warning measure in september. It will apply to restaurants with at least 15 locations nationwide, as well as to many feeder and Concession Stands hold the salt. I am sure this has its critics. As you might expect, the National Restaurant association is not thrilled. In a statement, it says the salt warning label requirement puts an overly onerous and costly burden on chain restaurants. That group plans to challenge this new law in court. You had to go to that movie popcorn. Love that popcorn. Down the touch the popcorn cradle to grave. The program thats working to reduce gun violence among young black adults by letting them look at the consequences. Well talk about the act of courage that defined an entire movement. Civil rights activists are saying 50 years later, the fight still has to go on. We are awaiting president obamas News Conference in paris, we will bring that to you live when it happens. Gun violence is the leading cause of death for black men between ages 1824 according to the c. D. C. Leaders launching a new program in philadelphia they hope to change the trend by targeting young africanamerican children. The project is called cradle to grave. Then hell see the young man pointing a handgun towards his back. That young man will shoot him four times and drop him and that young man will stand over him and shoot lamont 10 times more. The final moments of 16yearold lamont adams young life. Those bullets are fired at such close range with a high powered weapon. Recalled in disturbing detail. Lamont is going to have a bullet wound right here, right there, right there. He is the outreach scored nature at Temple University hospital. His audience a group of atrisk teens. They have come to the hospital as part of the cradle to grave program scott created in hopes to reduce gun violence in what is supposed to be the city of brotherly love. Young people in philadelphia, especially young men, are at the greatest risk of dying from gun injury. For black men between the aimings of 1524, gun violence is the leading cause of death. With gun violence at epidemic levels, Many Public Health officials argue it should be taken as seriously as a contagious disease. How many of you know somebody who has had ebola . How many of you know somebody who has been shot . This is a Public Health crisis. We can count every night that we are going to see a new gun victim come through these doors. The hospital chief trauma surgeon helped start the cradle to gave program. What is your motivation . The kids and students, what they see on t. V. , hear on the radio, might see on a video game is what they think happens if they were to sustain some kind of gunshot wound. We felt that we needed to give them the real education. Greek philosopher aristotle once wrote that poverty is the parent of crime. In philadelphia, a city plagued by poverty and gun violence, all you have to do is look at the statistics. Nearly 20 of philadelphians live below the poverty line, with Child Poverty hovering at close to 36 . Some 60 of children here live in a household headed by a single parent, while just 61 of Philadelphia High School students graduates in four years. I remember when i started doing this 10 years ago. Two months in, i said i dont know that i can continue doing this. The doctor said why . I said i find myself crying, frustrated. Ill never forget. She said its ok to cry but just dont cry. You can cry and be upset and frustrated and be put off, but youve got to do something about it. Sarah hoye, al jazeera. 60 years ago today, rosa parks made the decision that eventually made her a civil rights icon. December 1, 1955. She boarded a bus in Montgomery Alabama and refused to give up her seat. It sparked the montgomery busday cot. Civil rights leader usually americans to continue working toward her goal of equal rights. We are still in the struggle. Its not as overt as it used to be and weve made progress, but the struggle for equal justice continues. Freddie gray was one of the lawyers who represented parks. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton will join gray to mark the anniversary. You met rosa parks. It was about 12 years ago. You talk about a class act, gracious, so many adjectives to describe a woman who made history. An activist. A massive data appreciate on v tech, hackers accessed the profiles of five mill customers, including the names of children, their gender and birthdays. Photos may have also been compromised. No credit card numbers were stolen. The Long Congress based company is investigating. Here is a price tag for the holidays. If you ever thought of buying your true love all the gifts from the 12 days of christmas, you better save up. The combined cost this year adds up to 34,000. Thats up 198 from last year. Its the lowest increase in the cost of partridges and gold rings and the rest in six years. My wife has a birthday in december, so double that. Dont get her a partridge. There you go. Ahead, were going to talk about defending turkey and tensions with russia, president obama sitting down with turkeys leader calling the nation a partner in fighting isil. We expect president obamas News Conference in paris shortly, discussing the fight against ice pill. We will bring that to you live. Well be right back. They believed in what they were doing but they were not scientists. It wasnt science at all. Theres a lot of lives at stake, a lot of innocent people. How many are still locked up . The integrity of the criminal Justice System is at stake, plain and simple. Faultlines. What do we want . Al jazeera americas hardhitting. Today they will be arrested. Groundbreaking. Theyre firing canisters of gas at us. Emmy awardwinning, investigative series. We have to get out of here. The United States supports turkeys right to defend itself and its air space and territory. President obama standing behind turkey over the do you think of that russian war plane. He is scheduled to talk to reporters in just a few minutes. Protestors demand more change in chicago as the Police Officer who killed an unarmed black teenager is released on bail. The unpayable debt, puerto rico owing millions of dollars to creditors today may not be able to pay up. Placing blame for a deadly crash, the human and electronic error that is brought down an air asia jet. Welcome to your world this morning. Im receive city. Im deem walters. The president is getting ready to leave the Climate Change summit in paris. We are expecting to hear from him later in the hour. We will carry that live as soon as it begins. The president has already had a busy day dealing with International Conflicts on the sidelines of the Climate Summit. President obama earlier met with turkeys president and talked up ankaras role in defeating isil. He is trying to diffuse the tensions over the downing of a russian war plane. We all have a common enemy and that is isil. I want to make sure that we focus on that threat and i want to make sure that we remain focused on the need to bring about some sort of political resolution in syria. Al jazeeras Senior Correspondent Mike Viqueira i go monitoring the talks. Good morning. What did president obama say about this rising tension between turkey and russia . Well, good morning, stephanie and good morning, del, president obama striking the same tone he has over the course of the last two weeks, of since that turkish f16 downed the russian war plane over turkish territory, even if it was only 17 seconds, landing inside syria, the pilot beset by turkman backed by the turkish government fighting the assad regime and killed. The president drying to deescalate tensions. No one needs to be reminded that turkey is a nato member. Turkey could invoke article five, bringing all of nato to its defense if things escalated in terms of a military confrontation with russia. At this point, it doesnt seem to be the case. R. B. I. Is taking economic retaliation, not military and Vladimir Putin is making a charge against turkey that it essentially sought to bring down that russian plane as a means of covering up turkeys Illicit Trade in black market oil from isil. Isil of course graining revenue by selling oil in the territory it occupies been iraq and within syria. Vladimir putin alleging as he has several times in the past, most recently yesterday at a press conference in paris that that is what turkey was up to, that was the motivation. President erdogan and president obama met, president obama calling for a deescalation, a calming of tensions between these two regional powers. We did not hear president obama address these allegation that turkey is somehow involved in illicit oil trade with isil, but turkeys president has certainly reject that had. Absolutely. He told reporters today, he is reported to have said if Vladimir Putin really believes that we are engaged in this military operation and we are in fact importing this black market oil from isil, in effect aiding and abetting isil by supplying them with revenues, president erdogan said he will step down as the president of turkey and he says as a core layer to that if it turns out not to be true, if anybody goes to the trouble of investigating this charge and it turns out not to be true, then Vladimir Putin himself should step down. Certainly this conflict is becoming personal, but still stopping well short of a dramatic crisis that would involve a military confrontation between turkey and russia. Again, these talks about isil are happening on the sidelines of this major Climate Summit. These are high powered leaders, day two. How is the u. S. Position progressing on Climate Change there in paris . Remember, this is a two week summit. There was a plan we would go forward in the wake of the paris attack and it has gone forward. 250 leaders gathered in paris, high stakes, the president saying this could be the last best chance to reach an agreement. The goal was to get those countries agree to reduce their carbon footprint. Many Scientists Say it wont be enough to reduce Global Temperatures that have been on the rise for several years now. Many believe that there is going oh be a concrete commitment coming out of this and well expect president obama to tout that. We expect to hear from him momentarily as a press conference before he leaves paris. We are awaiting the president. He will be coming out and addressing reporters in just a moment but talk for a second about the political divide in washington between the republicanled house, the senate and the fact that if the president signs any type of an agreement, it may be undone if the republicans take the white house. Many point to the fact if the president were to agree to something that was binding in the form of a treaty and make serious concrete commitments, it would have to be ratified by the senate if not the entire congress. The white house insists this is no such treaty, this is not happening in a manner that would require the president to go to congress and he is within his executive authority. That is an ongoing controversy, the use of president ial actions to agree to programs the congress is unwilling to pass. There is no shortage of Climate Change deniers, within congress. Theres no chance that anything to the president agreed to in paris would be passed by the republican controlled house and senates to the least. There is a great deal of controversy here not only about whats going on in paris but also about the president s past actions. Recall that he put forward rules for reducing emissions from coal fired power plants here in the United States. Many ve them at draconian restrictions, but the white house insists the president is well within his executive authority to do that. Its become an issue in coal country and West Virginia and the republicans have taken him total courts to try to roll that back. Add to that the president s decision taken just a few weeks before, making this trip to this much anticipated Climate Summit. Remember, this has been on the books for quite some time. Environmentalists have been pointing towards this for quite some time to reject the key stone, the application to build the key stone pipeline from the tar sands of alberta through the United States and down to the gulf of mexico. These are the issues we can expect the president to address at least in his Opening Statement here as his press conference is about to begin. Yes, we continue to watch and wait for the president. We want to go back to the tensions between turkey and russia before he speaks. They threaten the economies of both countries. A big part of it all comes down to an apology. While russia seems to be ratcheting up the rhetoric, turkey seems to be trying to calm things down a little bit. Again repeating, calling on russia and turkey to open channels. Saying lets open diplomatic channels to mend our relations. As we have been saying, the president is going to address reporters and that is what he is doing right now. This is the president of the United States. Hosting nearly 200 nations is an enormous task for anybody, but to do so just two weeks after the terrorist attacks here is a remarkable display of resolve. Thats why the first place i visited when i arrived on sunday night was the bataclan to pay my respects on behalf of the American People who share the french peoples resolve. It was a powerful reminder of the awful human toll of those attacks. Our hearts continue to go out to the victims families, but here in paris, we also see the resilience of the universal values that we share. Based on my discussions with president hollande and other leaders, i am confident that we can continue Building Momentum and adding resource to say our efforts to degrade and ultimately destroy isil, to disrupt plots against america and our allies and to bring about the political resolution necessary to resolve the situation in syria and relieve the hardships on the syrian people. Now, this has been a quick visit. Of course, all visits to paris seem quick. You always want to stay a little bit longer, but we have accomplished a lot here, and i have high hopes that over the next few weeks, well accomplish even more. Some have asked why the world would dead indicate some of our focus right now to combating Climate Change, even as we work to protect our people and go after terrorist networks. The reason is because this one trend, Climate Change affects all trends. If we let the world keep warming as fast as it is and Sea Levels Rising as fast as they are and weather patterns keep shifting, before long, we are going to have to devote more and more and more of our economic and military resources not to growing opportunity for our people, but to adopting to the various consequences of a changing planet. This is an economic and security imperative that we have to tackle now. Great nations can handle a lot at once. Americas already leading on many issues, and climate is no different. Weve made significant progress at home, increasing production of clean energy, working to reduce emissions while our businesses have kept creating jobs for 68 straight months and weve been able to lower our Unemployment Rate to 5 in the process. Since we worked with china last year to show that the two large evident economies and two largest emitters can cooperate and climate. More than 180 countries have followed our lead in announcing their own targets. The task that remains here in paris is to turn these achievements into an enduring framework for progress that gives the world confidence in a low carbon future. As i said yesterday, what we seek is an agreement where progress pavion the way for countries to update their emissions targets on a regular basis. Each nation has the confidence that other nations are meeting their commitments. We seek an agreement that makes sure developing nation have the resources they need to skip the dirty phase of development, if theyre willing to do their part and to make sure the nations most vulnerable to Climate Change have resources to adopt to the impacts we can no longer avoid. We can assure the economy is on a path to a low carbon future, spurring the investment vital to combine reduced emissions with economic growth. Thats the goal. Not just an agreement to roll back the pollution that threatens our planet, but an agreement that helps our economies grow and our people to thrive without condemning the next generation to a planet that is beyond its capacity to repair. Now, all of this will be hard, getting 200 nations to agree on anything is hard. Im sure there will be moments over the next two weeks where progress seems stymied and everyone rushes to write that we are doomed, but im convinced that we are going to get big things done here. Keep in mind, nobody expected that 180 countries would show up in paris with serious climate targets in hand. Nobody expected that the price of clean energy would fall as fast as it has or that back in the United States, the Solar Industry would be creating jobs 10 times faster than the rest of the economy. Nobody expected that more than 150 of americas Biggest Companies would pledge their support to an ambitious paris outcome, or that a couple of dozen of the worlds wealthiest private citizens would join us here to pledge to invest unprecedented resources to Bring Clean Energy resources to market faster. What gives me confidence that progress is possible is somebody like bill gates, who i was with yesterday, understands that tackling Climate Change is not just a moral imperative, its an opportunity. Without batting an eye, he said were just bog to have go ahead and in vent some new technologies to tackle this challenge. That kind of optimism, that kind of sense that we can do what is necessary is infectious and you tend to believe somebody like bill when he says that were going to get it done, since hes done some pretty remarkable things. I believe that a successful two weeks here could give the world that same coffee optimism that the future is ours to shape. So, with that, im going to take a few questions. Well start with jerome of a. P. There he is. Good morning, sir, thank you, mr. President. For months now, youve been asking mr. Putin to play a more constructive role in syria, shifting from defending assad to attacking isil. It appears your calls have not been heard. Whats your strategy Going Forward . Well, im not sure thats true. The fact that the vienna process is moving forward steadily, not conclusively but steadily i think is an indication that mr. Putin recognizes there is not going to be a military resolution to the situation in syria. The russians have now been there for several weeks, over a month. I think fair minded reporters who looked at the situation would say that the situation hasnt changed significantly. In the interim, russias lost a commercial passenger jet. Youve seen another jet shot down. There have been losses in terms of russian personnel, and i think mr. Putin understands that with afghanistan fresh in the memory, for him to simply get bogged down in a inconclusive and paralyzing civil conflict is not the outcome that hes looking for. Now, where we continue to have an ongoing difference is not on the need for a political settlement. Its the issue of whether mr. Assad can continue to serve as president while still bringing that civil war to an end. Its been my estimation for five years now that thats not possible. Regardless of how you feel about mr. Assad and i consider somebody who kills hundreds of thousands of his own people i will legitimate, but regardless of the moral equation, as a practical matter, it is impossible for mr. Assad to bring that country together and to bring all the parties and do an inclusive government. It is possible, however, to preserve the syrian state to have an inclusive government in which the interests of the various groups inside of syria are represented and so as part of the vienna process, youre going to see the opposition groups, the moderate opposition groups that exist within syria, some of which, frankly, you know, we dont have a lot in common with, but do represent significant factions inside of syria, theyll be coming together in order for them to form at least a negotiating unit or process that can movie inin a forward, and were going to just keep on working at this, and my hope and expectation is that that political track will move at the same time as we continue to apply greater and greater pressure on isil and with the contributions that the french of made, the germans have recently announced Additional Resources to the fight. The brits have been steady partners in iraq, and i think are now very interested in how they can expand their efforts to help deal with isil inside of syria, with not just the cohesion of the coalition that the United States put together, but also the increasing in tensity of our actions in the air and progressively on the ground. I think it is possible over the next several months that we see a shift in calculation in the russians, and a recognition that its time to bring the civil war in syria to a close. Its not going to be easy. Too much blood has been shed, too much infrastructures been destroyed, too many people have been displaced for us to anticipate that it will be a smooth transition, and isil is going to continue to be a deadly organization because of its social media, the resources that it has, and the networks of experienced fighters that is possesses. Its going to continue to be a serious threat for sometime to come. Im confident that we are on the winning side of this and that ultimately, russias going to recognize the threat that isil poses to its country, to its people, is the most significant and that they need to align themselves with those of us who are fighting isil. Justin sink. Thanks, mr. President. I guess i wanted to follow on that shift in calculation that you discussed in terms of president putin. Did you receive assurances from either him or president hollande who said earlier this week that, you know, president putin had told him he would only target jihadis and isis, that that would be the focus of the military campaign Going Forward and secondly, i wanted to ask about climate, the outstanding issue seems to be whether republicans who of kind of voiced opposition to your agenda could somehow submarine funding for the Green Climate fund, its a pretty crucial part here. Im wondering both how you prevent that in the upcoming probations process and if youre concerned with what senator mcconnell said yesterday that a republican president could undo what you are trying to accomplish here in paris. First of all on mr. Putin, i dont expect that youre going to see a 180 turn on their strategy over the next several weeks. They have invested four years now in keeping assad in power. Their presence there is predicated on propping him up, and so thats going to take some time for them to change how they think about the issue. So long as they are aligned with the regime, a lot of russian resources are still going to be targeted at opposition groups that ultimately are going to end up being part of an inclusive government, that we support, or other members of the Coalition Support and are fighting the regime and fighting isil at the same time. I dont think we should be under any illusion that is somehow russian starts hitting only isil targets. Thats not happening now. It was never happening, its not going to be happening in the next several weeks. What can happen is that if the political process that john kerry has so meticulously stripped together in concert with foreign minister Sergey Lavrov of russia, then its possible given the existing accord that the parties have already agreed to that we start seeing at least pockets of cease myers in and around syria. That may mean, then, that certain opposition groups no longer find themselves subject to either syrian or russian bombing. They are then in a conversation about politics, and slowly, we then are able to get everybodys attention diverted to where it needs to be, and that is going after isil in a systematic way. With respect to climate, and whats taking place here. I dont want to get ahead of ourselves, we still need a paris agreement, so my main focus is making sure that the United States is a leader in bringing a successful agreement home here in paris, and there are a number of components to it. I want to repeat so that everybody understands what we will consider success several weeks from now. Number one, that it is an ambitious target that seeks low carbon Global Economy over the course of this century. That means that countries have put together certain targets and although those are selfgenerating, there is a mechanism in which they are presenting to the world confirmation that they are working on those targets, meeting on those targets, so there is a single transparency mechanism that all countries are adhering to and that those are legally binding, that theres periodic reviews, so that as the science changes and as Technology Changes five years from now, 10 years from now, 15 years from now, in each successive cycle, countries can update the pledges that they make and that weve got a climate fund that helps developing countries to not only adopt and mitigate but also leapfrog over dirty Power Generation in favor of clean energy. If we hit those targets, then we will have been successful, not because, by the way, the pledges alone will meet the necessary targets for us to prevent catastrophic Climate Change but because we will have built the architecture thats needed. We will have established a global consensus of how were going to approach the problem, and then we can successfully turn up the dials as new sources of energy become available, as the unit costs for Something Like solar or improvements in Battery Technology make it easier for us to meet even higher targets, and systematically we can drive down Carbon Emissions and the pace of Climate Change over the course of several decades. I want to emphasize this. I know in some of the reporting if you add up all the pledges and they were all met right now, we would be at a estimated 2. 7 centigrade increase in temperature. Thats too high. We wanted to get two centigrade or even lower than that, but if we have these periodic reviews built in, what i believe will happen is that by sending that signal to researchers and scientists and investors and entrepreneurs and venture funds, well actually start hitting these targets faster than we expected and we can be even more ambitious, and so when you look at the cumulative targets that may exist 10 years from now, we may well be within the 2 centigrade increase. By the way, thats not just foolish optimism. When you look at the experience of the United States, for example, i came into office, i prioritize clean energy. I said were going to double our Clean Energy Production through the recovery act. We recognize that making these Big Investments were also good for the economy in helping us get out of recession and could create jobs, so we made a big investment, and it turned out that we met our goals a lot quicker than we expected. If you had asked me when i first came into office my expectations for the price of solar generated power versus traditional coal or other fossil fuel generated power, i would say we would make some progress, but that solar would still require substantial subs decease in order to be economical. The cost of solar has gone down much faster than any of us would have predicted even five years ago, so the key here is to set up the structure so that were sending signals all around the world. This is happening. Were not turning back. The thing about human ingenuity is that it responds when it gets a strong signal of what needs to be done. The old expression that necessity is the mother of invention, well, this is necessary, and us getting a strong, high ambition agreement in place, even if it doesnt meet all the goals that we ultimately need to meet, sends a signal that its necessary, and that will spur on the innovation thats going to ultimately meet our goals. Nancy bank. Thank you, mr. President. One follow up on the Climate Change issue. Are you confident that you can hold the u. S. To its commitments under existing treaties with no new vote needed, and separately on planned parenthood, i wonder if you can share your shots on that shooting and any thoughts in the context of sharp political rhetoric in the country at this time. I apologize, i didnt address that, but fortunately, nancy was batting cleanup after you. On the issue of the climate fund, we already in assistance to countries for adaptation, mitigation, sharing technology that can help them meet their energy needs in a clean way, and so, this is not just one slug of funding that happens in one year, this is multiyear commitments that in many cases all right embedded in a whole range of programs that we have around the world, and my expectation is that we will absolutely be able to meet our commitments. This is part of American Leadership, by the way. This is part of the debate that we have to have in the United States more frequently. For some reason, too often in washington, American Leadership is defined by whether or not wii sending troops somewhere, and thats the sole definition of leadership, and part of what ive been trying to describe during the course of my presidency is that where we make the most impact and where by the way, we strengthen our relationships and influence the most is when we are helping to organize the world around a particular problem. Because were the largest country, because we have the most powerful military, we should welcome the fact that were going to do more, and oftentimes, were going to do it first, so during the ebola response, other countries could not respond until we had set up the infrastructure to allow other countries to respond, and until we had made the call and showed that we are going to make that investment. The same was true with respect to making sure that iran didnt get a nuclear weapon. We had to lead the way, but ultimately, because we reached out and brought our allies and partners together, we were able to achieve goals that we could not have achieved by ourselves. The same is true with climate. When i made the announcement in beijing with president xi, i was able to do so in part because we had led domestically. I could put my money where my mouth was and i said here are the tough political decisions we are making, now what are you going to do. Once we were able to get china involved that gave confidence to other countries that were in a position to make a difference, as well, and that they needed to be involved in the process, as well, so whether its organizing the coalition thats fighting isil or deal with Climate Change, our role is central, but on Large International issues like this, its not going to be sufficient, as least not if we want it to take, if we want it to sustain itself. Weve got to have partners, and thats the kind of leadership that we should aspire to. With respect to planned parenthood, obviously my heart goes out to the families of those impacted. Nancy, i say this every time weve got one of these mass shootings, this just doesnt happen in other countries. We are rightly determined to prevent terrorist attacks wherever they occur whether in the United States or with friends and allies like france, and we devote enormous resources and properly so to rooting out networks and debilitating organizations like isil, and maintaining the intelligence and improving the information sharing that can identify those who would try to kill innocent people, and yet, in the United States, we have the power to do more to prevent what is just a regular process of gun homicides that is unequaled by multiples of five, six, 10, and i think the American People understand that. So, my hope is that once again, this spurs the conversation and action, and i will continue to present those things that i can do administratively, but in the end of the day, congress, states, local governments are going to have to act in order to make sure that were preventing people who are deranged or have violent tendencies from he getting weapons that can magnify the damage that they do. With respect to planned parenthood, i think its clear, ive said it before, they provide Health Services to women all controls the country, have for generations, in many cases its the only Health Services that provide services to impoverished women. I think its fair to have a legitimate honest debate about abortion. I dont think that thats something that is beyond the pale of our political discussion. Its a serious, elect mat issue. How we talk about it, making sure that were talking about it factually, accurately, and not demonizing organizations like planned parenthood i think is important. Jeff mason. Thank you, mr. President. Do you believe that turkey is doing enough to strengthen its northwest border with syria . How is it that with as large a military that turkey has it has not sealed this bored and did you raise that today with president erdogan. To put a final Climate Change question, can leaders gathered here believe that the United States will keep its commitments even after youve left office if a republican succeeds you not white house . You know, just with respect to my successor, let me first of all say that im anticipating a democratic succeeding me. [ laughter ] im confident in the wisdom of the American People on that front. Even if somebody from a Different Party succeeded me, one of the things you find when youre in this job, you think about it differently than when youre just running for the job, and what you realize is what i mentioned earlier, that American Leadership involves not just playing to a narrow constituency back home, but you now are in fact at the center of what happens around the world, and that your credibility and americas ability to influence events depends on taking seriously what other countries care about. Now the fact of the matter is theres a reason why you have the largest gathering of World Leaders probably in Human History here in paris. Everybody else has taken Climate Change really seriously. They think its a really big problem. It spans political parties. I mean, you travel around europe, and you talk to leaders of governments and the opposition, and they are arguing about a whole bunch of things. One thing they are not arguing about is whether the science of Climate Change is real and whether or not we have to do something about it. Whoever is the next president of the United States, if they come in and they suggest somehow that that global consensus, not just 99. 5 of scientists and experts, but 99 of World Leaders think this is really important, and i think the president of the United States is going to need to think this is really important. Thats why its important for us to not project whats being said on a campaign trail, but to do whats right and make the case, and i would note that the American People, i think in the most recent survey, two thirds of them said america should be a signatory to agreement that emerges that is addressing climbs change in a serious way. The good news is the politics in the United States is changing as well. Sometimes it may be hard for republicans to support something that im doing, but, you know, thats more a matter of the games washington plays, and thats why i think people should be confident that well meet our commitments on this. With respect to turkey, i have had repeated conversation witness president erdogan about the need to close the border between turkey and syria. Weve seen some serious progress on that front, but theres still some gaps, in particular, theres about 98 kilometers that are still used as a transit point for foreign fighters, isil shipping out fuel for sale that helps finance their terrorist activities, and so we have been having our militaries Work Together to determine how a combination of air, and Turkish Ground forces on the turkish side of the border can do a much better job of sealing the border than it currently is. I think president erdogan recognizes that. Im also encouraged by the fact that president erdogan and the e. U. Had a series of meetings around or turkey and the the e. U. Had a series of meetings around the issue of the turkishgreek border. We have to remind ourselves, turkey has taken on an enormous humanitarian effort. There are millions of syrians who are displaced and living inside of turkey, not just refugee camps, but they are now moving into major cities throughout turkey. That puts enormous strains on their infrastructure, on their housing, on employment, and turkey has continued to keep those borders open for people in real need, so im proud that the United States is the single largest contributor of humanitarian aid for Syrian Refugees. Im glad that the e. U. Is looking to do more to help turkey manage those refugee flows, but i also think the e. U. Rightly wants to see the kind of orderly process along the turkishgreek border thats necessary for europe to be able to regulate the amount of refugees its absorbing and to save the lives of refugees who oftentimes of taking enormous risks because they are being ferried back and forth by human traffickers who are now operating in the same way that you see drug traffickers operating under at enormous profit and without regard for human life. [ inaudible ] we talked about it today. This has been an ongoing conversation. We recognize that this is a central part of our anti isil strategy. Weve got to choke them off. We have to choke off how they make money. Weve got to choke off their ability to bring in new fighters, because weve seen tens of thousands of their fighters off the battlefield but if new ones are still coming in, then they continue to maintain a strangle hold over certain Population Centers inside of iraq or syria, so weve got to cut off their source of new fighters. Thats also partly of the great danger for europe and unit mali, the United States, as well and countries as far flung as australia or singapore. If youve got foreign fighters coming in that are getting not only ideology hardened, but battle hardened and then returning to their home countries, they are likely candidates for engaging in the kind of terrorist attacks we saw in paris. This has been an ongoing concern, and were going to continue to push hard among all our allies to cut off the financing, cut off the foreign fighters, improve our intelligence gathering, which allowed us to accelerate the strikes against isil. A lot of the discussion over the last couple of weeks was the pace of airstrikes. The pace of airstrikes is not constrained by the amount of planes or missiles that we have. The pace has been dictated by how many effective targets do we have, and our intelligence continues to improve, and the better we get at that the, the better were going to be at going after them. Scott horsily. Thank you, mr. President. In terms of sending that market signal you talked about today and a couple times this week, i wonder if you see any political path back home towards putting an explicit price on carbon. I have long believed that the most elegant way to drive innovation and to reduce Carbon Emissions is to put a price on it. This is a classic market failure. If you open up an econ 101 textbook, it will say the markets very good about determining prices and allocates capital towards its most productive use, except theres certain things that the market just doesnt count, it doesnt price, at least not on its own. Clean air is an example, clean water, or the converse, dirty water, dirty air. In this case, the carbons that are being sent up that originally we didnt have the science to fully understand, we do know, and if thats the case, if you put a price on it, then the entire market would respond. The best investments and the smartest technologies would begin scrubbing effectively our entire economy. Its difficult. So, i think that as the science around Climate Change is more accepted, as people start realizing that even today, you can put a price on the damage that Climate Change is doing, you go down to miami, and when its flooding at high tide on a sunny day, the fish is swimming through the middle of the streets, you know, theres a cost to that. Insurance companies are beginning to realize that in terms of how they price risk, and the more the market on its own starts putting a price on it because of risk, it may be that the Politics Around setting up a cap and trade system, for example, shifts, as well. Obviously im not under any illusion that this congress will impose Something Like that, but it is worth remembering that it was conservatives and republicans and center right think tanks that originally figured out this was a smarter way to deal with pollution than a command and control system and there was folks like george h. W. Bush and his e. P. A. That effectively pushed this approach to deal with acid rain. We ended up dealing with it a lost faster than anybody anticipated. More than anything, thats the main message i want to send here is Climate Change is a massive problem. It is a generational problem. Its a problem that by definition is just about the hardest thing for fly political system to absorb, because the effects are gradual, theyre diffuse, people dont feel it immediately, so theres not a lot of constituency pressure on politicians to do something about it right away. It kind of creeps up on you. Youve got the problems of the commons and youve got to get everybody doing it, because just one nation is helping but the other nations arent doing it, then it doesnt do any good, so you have this huge coordination problem and the danger of free riders, so on all these dimensions, its hard to come up with a tougher problem than Climate Change, or a more consequential problem. Despite all that, the main message ive got is i actually think were going to solve this thing. If you had said to people as recently as two years ago that we would have 180 countries showing up in paris with pretty ambitious targets for carbon reduction, most people would have said youre crazy, thats a pipe dream and yet here we are. Thats already happened. Before the agreements even signed, thats already happened. As i said earlier, if you told folks what the cost of generating solar energy would be today, relative to what it was five years ago, people would have said not a chance. With relatively modest inputs, thats already happening. Imagine if we were starting to put more r d dollars into it, which is why it Emission Reduction announcement was so significant. Youve got bill gates and other extraordinarily wealthy individuals saying we are going to put our money into this. Im optimistic. I think were going to solve i have the. I think the issue is going to be the pace and how much damage is done before we are able to fully apply the brakes. In some ways, its akin to the problem of terrorism and isil. In the immediate aftermath of a terrible attack like happened here in paris, sometimes its natural for people to despair, but look at paris. We cant tear down paris because of the demented actions of a handful of individuals. The beauty, the joy, the life, the culture, the people, the diversity. Thats going to win out every time. We have to be steady in applying pressure to the problem. We have to keep on going at it. We have to see what works. When something doesnt work, we have to change our approach, but most of all, we have to push away fear and have confidence that human innovation, our values, our judgment, our solidarity, it will win out. I guess ive been at this long enough where i have some cause for confidence. We went what, a month, month and a half where people were pretty sure that ebola was going to kill us all . Nobody asks me about it anymore. Although, you know, we still see flickers of it in west africa, we set up an entire Global Health security agenda, part of American Leadership to deal not only with ebola, but to deal with the possibility of future pandemics. Its not easy. It takes time and when youre in the midst of it, its frightening, but its solvable. All right . If were done, im going to go home. Viva la france. Thank you very much. The president of the United States speaking for about forth eight minutes, asked why Climate Change and why now, the president said terrorism is on so many minds, but he reminded the reporters there that administrations can do more than one thing at once. They want to help the developing nations skip the dirty phase of growth, but the early questions involved syria. I want to turn to al jazeeras correspondent Mike Viqueira. In some ways there are two quagmire the president faces in paris. The Climate Change issue and the syria issue, with so many regional players now involve with their separate interests all trying to get on the same page with isil. It was interesting the way the president tied those two issues together, tying together the issue of claims change and fight against isil and terror. First of all, the news im picking up is president obama said that despite all of the arm twisting and cajoling hes done with Vladimir Putin, dont expect a 180degree turn from russia in their strategy anytime soon, they are committed to backing the assad regime and that is the main Sticking Point between the United States and the west and russia on that. On Climate Change, the president said i actually think were going to solve this thing, conceding that the commitments made in paris wont be enough to avoid catastrophe, he said it will establish a frame work as Clean Technology advances around the world. All right, mike, i think i have about 20 seconds left here, so were going to leave it there. Youve been watching al jazeeras special coverage of president obamas press conference in paris. Well have much more from doha right after this break. Hotel to help feed new arrivals. The reality for many is bleak you think it cant get any worse it this has to be better. You come with that in your mind, it has to be better. Youre waiting for that moment where it is going to be better, but it actually just never happens. Reporter the numbers of u. S. President barack obama lays out his destroying bring an end to syrias civil war. This is al jazeera live from doha. Also coming up, prove it, turkey challenges russia over claims it shot down a russian jet to protect oil trade with isil. Plus free at last, lebanon exchanges prisoners held for more than a year by syrian rebels. A tryout for democracy in burkina faso as a new president is elected