Crowded market in northeast nigeria. Boko haram killing several hundred people. Libya is falling apart faster than we ever thought it would. As fighting continues for control. Between militias and progovernment forces. Through the region. Violence erupting throughout mexico. Protesters are demanding answers. Killing of 43 students. Approximately 100,000 people have been killed in mexico drug violence over the past decade. Satellite images reportedly showing China Building an island in north china sea big enough for an airstrip. Critical of their countrys human rights record. Dont get along with each other. Dispute, this cannot return to subcontinent. The arab springs promise of a middle east where dictatorships would be replaced by democracies have instead seen the region marked by civil war and conflict. Among the worst hot spots, libya, two governments continue to fight over the spoils of their oil rich country. And al qaeda and i. S. I. L. Threaten the entire middle east region. Im joined by fawaz gurgis, London School of economics. Also the author of several books and most recently served as the editor of the new middle east, protest and revolution in the new middle east. Fawaz, good to see you. The irony of libya is its descent into, when it helped officials topple Moammar Gadhafi. Isnt it in a civil war already . Almost. I think libya is almost descending into all out civil war. You have two authorities, you have two governments, you have many militias, many tribes fighting one another. Its a civil war seen as exist tension existential. I fear that libya is following in the foot tips of syria. You could footsteps of syria. This would be catastrophic, not only for the libyan people who have great hopes, but also, for the region as a whole. All right, lets break down whats going on. The numbers are astonishing. 1700 estimated militias and fighting groups. As you said, you know, these two governments, libyas elected government got kicked out of tripoli the capital by an islamist faction that has control there. Theres another islamist faction in benghazi, that killed the u. S. Ambassador then theres a nationalist militia led by retired general, halifa haffar. Here . I dont think so. What you have is a rough balance of power. This particular conflict could go on for years, even a decade, unless the International Community intervenes and tries to resolve this particular conflict. Its not only a civil war between two identities, two world views, two authorities, one islamist and one nationalist, this is a civil war thats taken place antonio, not just in libya. Its taking place in egypt, its taking place in yemen, its taking place in syria, its taking place in iraq. Its an arab civil war, activist and nationalist, what you have now in libya is also a regional war by proxy. Regional powers are pouring gas on the raging fire inside libya itself. Thats why this is a very complicated situation and the challenge is for the International Community to really invest considerable forces in order to rescue libya from deof the sent into all descent into all out war, because libya is descending into all outwar on a daily basis now. Part of the problem, it is a proxy war and the people who are waging that proxy war are American Allies in the gulf who are supporting different groups. This is the reality. You put your finger toing antonio on the pulse of the problem. Yes, there is an internal divide inside libya. Yes, libya is deeply polarized, yes, Moammar Gadhafi the former dictator basically bled libya dry, destroyed the basic institutions, the army dry. The real libya doesnt exist, on the one hand, you have egypt, you have the United Arab Emirates and you have turkey and qatar. This particular civil war, this particular are regional war by proxy is aplaying out in libya, playing out in syria, yemen and iraq, unless this regional war by proxy is basically put to an end, unfortunately i dont see how the libbians can put their house in order. We should not blame the libyan people. The libyan people are courageous, they have had hopes and a aspirations, their views were gone in 1970s, 80s and 90s. But the regional war complicates and aggravates a deepening and widening islamist divide insides the dun. And another aspect is i. S. I. L. Has managed to raise its black flag over a significant city, durna and other parts of libya. Is there danger that i. S. I. L. Could expand and include this in its caliphate at some point . Look, for your american viewers, i. S. I. L, i. S. I. S, al nusra front, are parasites, they feed on civil chaos, wherever there is civil war, chaos, they exist. Afghanistan, syria, iraq and libya, of course they can. I would fear and not just speculating, there is a real fear that if libya descends into all out war, this is the early stages of all out war in libya, libya could become a base not only for i. S. I. S. But a base for selling arms for sending fighters, it could really destroy north africa, tunisia, not to mention the mediterranean. Remember libya has a huge coast with europe including italy itself. So there is a fear a real danger that the socalled the Islamic State could easily establish base inside libya and basically do a great deal of damage to this fragile country. Final question fawaz is there an important lesson to be learned from libya . The United States didnt go in didnt bomb, they in effect got rid of gadhafi to help the rebels but in the end weve seen this catastrophe because the country didnt have any institutions as you said because gadhafi had eliminated them so there was no way of this country being able to get its act together. Absolutely. Its not just about getting rid of dictators. The bigger challenge, the greater challenge, antonio, is to rebuild the fragile institutions, to rebuild productive bases, to give a stake for the people, to assist the people in creating a security base, an army of police putting the country together, of course nato, got rid of Moammar Gadhafi. But as soon as gadhafi was gone, the International Community was gone. A vacuum of security, of legitimate authority and competing tribes regions and ethnicities, fighting for oil. As you said this is a very rich country and here also complicating this basic internal mosaic of political players a regional war by proxy that is really adding a great deal of tensions and prolonging this particular civil war that could easily plunge libya into a situation like syria and iraq. Certainly an alarming situation there, nawaz thank you for being here. Thank you for having me. While the world has focused on the deadly ebola virus, bloody campaign to create their own caliphate in the regions powerhouse nigeria. Male and female suicide bombers blamed on boko haram have killed nearly 140 people just in the past month including at least 44 people at a market tuesday, 45 more in an attack on a village thursday and 48 people at a Boys High School assembly on november 10th. A local politician from the ravaged village told reporters he was still searching for motives behind the mass killing and destruction. For more im joined from washington, d. C, by Robin Sanders and is the u. S. Envoy to the democratic republic of congo, currently a ceo of needs, her latest book is the legendary uli women of nigeria. Ambassador great pleasure to have you with us. Nigeria seems to be incapable of stopping boko haram from doing what it wants in the northern part of the country, mass murder, the mass kidnapping of girls, thousands of people dead, suicide bombings, theyve taken over small cities. The economist has said boko haram has grown in stature and gruesomeness. Why cant they be stopped . Any time you deal with asymmetrical warfare which is what the military is dealing with with boko haram, they are trying but still behind the curve. They primarily have two play books, one is a Peace Keeping play book and one is how they handled the low level issue in the niger delta in the last few years. The distance between where Central Command is and where the fight is, long logistics to get there. Theyre going to have to rejigger and regroup and become a more flexible military to be able to respond quickly and to respond effectively. Well, how big a problem is the government itself . Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan is running again. A New York Times op ed says its the most corrupt government since nigeria gained independence in 1960. Whos right . The corruption has always been there. Every government ive followed has been, they were corrupt, corruption is out of control. Corruption in nigeria is a fact, there is no question about that. Unfortunately, nigeria seems to be moving down the list on transparency, international, instead of improving on the list of transparency international. They have to improve that not just for the boko haram but for the overall good of the country. Theyve made some strides, the economic issue out there is quite good, theyre working well but overall, the undergirth ever corruption is still there and thats something they have to address as a nation. Stopping the military, to be as flexible as they need to be, because not enough money is going to finance the Nigerian Military . I dont believe that, actually, ive worked closely with the Nigerian Military over the years. Corruption aside, whether or not that money is getting down to the are rank and file on the ground like it should be is a different issue. But overall, i think they need to be more flexible, they need to have better human intelligence, knowing where boko haram is going to strike, and they need to have better intelligence sharing among their neighbors. Aside from the government corruption how concerned are you that this is a country that is so split that it will be difficult to end up reconciling the north and the south, the south being mostly christian and wealthier, the north being more muslim and poor . Thats an argument that has while. I dont feel, at this time, that there is any split thats going to happen in nigeria in terms of a northsouth split. Definitely there are views in different political factions for each. But youre asking a broader plaque roquestion whether i think macroquestion whether nigeria is going to split up and divide. I dont see that happening. And then the girls. Despite the bring back our girls campaign, the hundreds of girls kidnapped from chibok, there was talk of a ceasefire, the Nigerian Government said they were going to have a ceasefire with boko haram and get the girls back, boko haram said no we havent agreed to any ceasefire. What do you think, any hope of seeing these girls freed . Certainly for the pain and suffering of the parents you dont want to take that away, that hope away from the parents but in reality i think its going to be very difficult. I do think that nigeria got duped with this ceasefire flowment. Announcement. One of the things i said in my testimony on the hill, they need the stop having these ceasefire announcements. They need to do the right thing and theyre responding quickly. Im worried about the girls being involved in suicide bombings. There were two female suicide bombings in vudugery and conroy during the year. Im wondering if there were already females in the ranks involved with niece, it might not have had a lot of International Focus but definitely on the ground, im heading out there actually on friday. Definitely the bring back our Girls Movement is still very active on the ground. I actually give them credit for at least trying keep the issue in the eyes of the media and in the eyes of the politicians but i am worried that the girls have been dispersed. And the ones that havent been dispersed unfortunately im worried theyre being trained, certainly, maybe being forced in some of these horrific acts. There are a lot of things to be worried about. It is an important country for the u. S. And the continents most populace state. Ambassador thank you very much. Thank you. Coming up our look at global hot spots move to asia, also mexico is being terrorized by drug cartels, that may be more violent than i. S. I. L. What do you think . Were following stories of people who died in the desert. The borderland marathon. No ones prepared for this journey. Experience Al Jazeera Americas critically acclaimed original series from the beginning. Experiencing it has changed me completely. Follow the journey as six americans face the immigration debate up close and personal. Its heartbreaking. Im the enemy. Im really pissed off. All of these people shouldnt be dead. Its insane. The borderland thanksgiving day marathon. On Al Jazeera America. Welcome back to a special edition of consider this, looking at the conflicts in underreported hot spots around the world. We turn now to east asia. Is china a force for peace or conflict . Specifically in its maritime backyard the South China Sea, president xi jinping said that china was standing on uphodding peace and dialogue and consultation. But action speak louder than words and satellites show that china is building an island in the separately chain, big enough to hold an airstrip. Demonstrators, and china continues to where support the government of north koreas kim jongun. Im joined in new york by gordon chang, a rg contribute to daily beast. Gordon, good to have you with us. Lets talk about the provocations that china is carrying out in the South China Sea. Specifically this latest one ton separatel sprat l ly islands, islands s. Unimpeded and that means it needs to go through the first island chain like japan, taiwan, philippines. And really what it wants to do is to dominate this area. Now of course that brings into conflict with countries that constitute the first island chain because china is trying to grab territory from them. And also it brings into conflict with the United States. Because chinas ambitions try really close off the South China Sea, the East China Sea and the United States has always stood for freedom of navigation. Thats been a consistent policy for the last 200 years. Its making everyone nervous including the japanese. And the conference, xi jinping and shinzo aib, shook zo abe, but how big are the tensions between these significant leaders in these areas . Tensions are high are than they have been in a long time. Japan actually went out and grabbed large chunks of china twice in the last couple hundred years. The problem is that when you had strong leaders in beijing like mao se tse tung and dung chao ping, you dont see china getting any stronger in a sense, you see the communist party really insecure right now and that means it needs to demonize the japanese. This is going to be a terrible story going forward. You dont want a major power with insecure politicians at the helm. They are also throwing their weight around in different ways to trying try the appease things with trade diplomacy or dollar diplomacy, is that having an effect . Are some of these smaller countries say hey lets play nice with china because theyre helping us out economically . Countries on the periphery of china certainly want to have good relations with beijing. There is no sense of putting yourself into conflict with the major continental power in the region. So therefore we are seeing these trade initiatives like the new silk road, and the maritime silk road going through the straits of molacca, countries want to take advantage of that. That doesnt mean theyre going to give up their territory to the chinese, or ever even defero them. How big of an issue is the perception by the chinese that there is american weakness and that they can take advantage of that to further their power in the region . Well, Chinese State media talks about that all the time. In private conversations chinese diplomats remind their counterparts in Southeast Asia that United States is not going to be there to stay. This is part of what china wants to propagate. You look at the United States, with the recovery economy, it is not a country in decline. But may be a country in retreat. Those may be two different things. Relations in china, has china won that battle . They were worried that this kind of prodemocracy protesting in hong kong would spread to the maimainland, and that may have fizzled out too. Basically, china has lost the argument in hong kong, can they clear the protesters . Yes they can. But the issue is no longer the protest, but the underlying one which is democracy for hong kong, beijing has lost that argument. Nobody want to be infantilized. And thats what china has said, youre too insecure and not knowledgeable enough to govern yourself. That doesnt sit well in a society like hong kong. People in taiwan have seen what is happening in hong kong. Now you see more protesters in the mainland itself. They have detained more than 100 people for sympathy actions to hong kong. That doesnt set well for beijing right now. Nortnorth koreans had a minr charge offensive by releasing two american hostages, did some lobbying at the United Nations, but the United Nations ignored north koreas efforts and they have issued a report thats really quite powerful about their crimes. And saying that it is the that their human rights record is without parallel in the contemporary world. And kims response last been to just threaten to have more nuclear tests. And thats not working because next month the General Assembly will accept the report of its Third Committee and they will refer there to the Security Council with the recommendation that north korea be sent to