powerful multiple rocket launchers to the separatist forces. >> this border surge didn't happen overnight. >> rick perry sent a letter in 2012 warning president obama. >> they are refuse to go take responsibility for the failed policies. >> the department of justice are working around the clock to address the increasing number of migrants. >> another botched execution. this time in arizona. >> a convicted killer was seen gasping for air for almost two hours before he died. >> should have only taken 10 minutes. >> one judge who heard wood's appeal said a better solution might be the fire squad. >> when we look at the school to prison pipeline it's filled with black and brown boys. >> when you sus stphaepbs child you ingrain in their head this their not good enough. >> are moore like to go to jail aas as adults. >> we have to think about a country that would rather build prisons than schools. tensions continue to rise in ukraine. in the aftermath of the downing of malaysia flight 17. when the u.s. state department claimed russia was increasing its aid to the pro-russian separatists. the u.s. holds responsible for shooting down the plane. >> we have new evidence that the russians intend to deliver heavier and more powerful multiple rocket launchers to the separatist forces in ukraine and evidence that russia is firing artillery from within russia to attack ukraine positions. >> in eastern ukraine australian investigators joined international monitors examining the crash scene and in kiev ukraine's prime minister and his cabinet resigned thursday. joining us now via skype from kiev is time magazine correspond enzyme unshuster, he's usually based in moscow and wrote the cover story for next week's magazine entitled cold war two. the west is losing putin's dangerous game. simon good to see you again, before we get to your article. the fighting continues in ukraine. there is also fighting inside the government. the prime minister resigned thursday as ukraine's prime minister after the ruling coalition in parliament collapsed. we have actually seen brawls inside parliament. is the government in disarray or is this am live a goo actually ? >> i wouldn't say it's a good sign nor a sign of disarray. it cements like the various parties in parliament that came to power came to prominence after the revolution in february, they want to lock in the patriotism that has come with the war. the perceived war against russia is certainly the civil con flick in the east. that's created a great wave of patriotism and sport for the president's fledglings political party and the other political forces that came to power after the revolution. so what they seem to be doing is breaking up the coalition to spark early elections. and that will allow thome capitalize on that patriotism and lock in again for the next five years the support and the patriotism that has arisen in ukraine. >> let talk about what's going on militarily. you saw ukrainian planes shot down. ukraine claims they came from russian territory. the u.s. says they have been fight ago cross the border to attack military targets. nato says more weaponry is being sent in to ukraine by russia. this is the opposite of what you would think would happen after 298 innocent people were shot out of the sky last week. >> yeah, it seems like president putin feels like they allowing the international investigators access to the site, you know, he in the last few days has told the rebels to allow observers and investigators unfettered access to the site. and telling the rebels to send the bodies of the victims home. it seems like from russia's perspective that was enough of a concession, enough of a step back from their earlier position which is even more hard line. and with that, they have immediately resumed and even intensified what they were doing before, which is really escalating the conflict, feeding it with weapons and even apparently trying to provoke a cross-border conflict by firing missiles across the border. you know, there are now multiple sources that are confirming that, you know, the ukrainians have been saying it for a while think now u.s. intelligence says it to nato and if we get confirmation that have, that will be a serious escalation of the conflict. >> now, it sounds crazy, but you make a good argument if had your time magazine cover story, that vladimir putin has been actually strengthened by all these cris crises? >> yeah and the argument that if he found our self over the last year several times in a position where vladimir putin is the man to seek. over syria, after the crisis in crimea, over ukraine's decision back in december, january of whether to side with europe or not. and now with the crisis in eastern ukraine, consistently he has fanned the fires of conflict, con tpwhreubgts that only he can help resolve. and the result of that is western leaders have pretty much no other choice but to constantly demand, plead, ask him to cooperate to stop the various crises and conflict that his russia is, in fact, fueling. and that puts him at the center of the an geopolitical arena. he certainly enjoys that role as a geopolitical force to be reckoned with. and domestically inside russia, that is extremely good for him. >> you are right about how his popularity is still, you know, higher than any western leaders by a long shot. and even in the days after the horrific plane crash, outrage was spreading, the question became whether putin had finally got too far. and you right as the days passed and the stretch rose the coldly come crating russian president got his answer, apparently not. while state media buried russia's role in the disaster under a avalanche of western prop began a. the u.s. was stymied once again by putin's brazenness, is the west's weakness and indecisiveness emboldening embo? >> i think it is. in some ways these various crises have allowed putin to test a theory that he is and, that theory is that really the divisions within europe and between europe and the united states are intense filing. the nato coalition is drifting, its lost its purpose since the cold war. the unity is devolving and we saw it after the elections in may. and through these crises he is challenging the west to sho*eu show unity and time after time they have failed to do that. in that way also it's sort of confirming some of his wishful thinking about where the west is headed. >> again, simon shuster's new cover story for time magazine is in the magazine's august 4th issue. simon good to see you then agai, thank you. >> thank you. >> with vladimir putin drawing strength from the ukrainian crisis with the west pressure russia to stop the war? for more i am joined from washington, d.c. steven hadley former security adviser to president george w. bush. as we were just discussing time magazine's covering is calling what's going on cold war two. you published an opinion piece in the washington post on tuesday entitled russia should be punished for did he stabilizing ukraine but not isolated. hasn't putin isolate himself and created a new version of the cold war with his own actions? >> he certainly has. and i think that the challenge we have is to use sanctions and other things to try to pressure him to stop supporting the arms and material and stand down. but we have limited leverage. and i think if we are going to prevent putin from reproducing elsewhere, what he's doing in ukraine, we do have to do a whole series of measures. as an integrated strategy. that deters him by threatening punishment, that reassures our friends and allies in the region that we are behind him. and that takes away targets of opportunities. putin is very good alex lighting divisions within and among states. and we mean to do a series of measures to take these states between russia and the west and bring them safely in to the west and outside and away from putin's influence as much as we can. >> well, to your points, it does seem like putin's strategy, where the west is concerned, is to divide and concur and it seems to be working. british prime minister david cameron calling the french sale of two helicopter carriers to russia unthinkable. then we hear the news despite a ban of arms sells that britain is selling 10s of millions of pounds of arms to russia, including all sorts of different things, so without a truly united front from the west, is putin going to have his way? >> he has a lot of leverage and, it is why the sanctions which everyone is focused on is something that we should pursue. but i think the sanctions will never be powerful enough in themselves to get putin to stop what he's doing. it's a problem. the french don't want to cut off their military assistance to russia. germany is afraid they'll loose the source of gas from russia and europe and the u.k. is very concerned about jeopardizing its financial ties with russia. so that's why we should push them on sanctions, sanctions won't be enough. and in the piece you mentioned i list about six or seven things that we need to do now even know they will take time that over the long-term will reduce, putin's leverage, will reduce the strangle hold that he has on european energy, as the source of european energy, and will bring countries that are now stuck between russia and the west in to the western family of nations, strengthen them economically in terms of security so that they will not be easy pickings for putin in the future. >> you also call for more engagement with putin in the context of the piece, not isolating him. but then flight 17, that horrible disaster it would have seemed to be the perfect opportunity for putin toe back off and instead we hear from the state department today that he's doing the opposite. that not only is he continue to go back the separatists sending more arms in to ukraine, that we may be seeing artillery, you know, being shot from ukraine, from russia in to ukraine, so it seems like he's doubling down instead of backing off. >> i think he is. i think he is. i think this is a guy who will not back down unless he's really forced to. hhe has also made the separatiss in ukraine great russian-y hoes. the embodiment of russian nationalism. it will be very hard for him to step away from it. but my piece was not staying that we should not isolate putin. i think we should do all we can to pressure putin and those around him. all i wanted to say was that in the series of measures that i am talking about, which is a trade agreement between europe and the united states, and energy deal, a strategy between the u.s. and europe, that reduces dependence on russia. in a number of these things, we need to recognize that ukraine, if it becomes a member of the e.u., will also have some historical economic ties with russia and we should find a way to a accommodate and leave the door open for a post-putin russia that is more democratic in the future. at this point it seems like a faint hope. but my only points is to leave the door open for a better russia sometime in the future. >> only have about 30 seconds left n that content, how does that work? because you write about how putin wants to restore russian greatness with his so-called our asian union, isn't ukraine key to that? >> it is key to that. and that's why he is so loathe to give it up. that's why it's so important that we do all the things that i list in that piece that would help tie ukraine to the west. because about ukraine the eurasian empire is huge without it struggles. that's why the struggle for ukraine is so important that we support the ukrainians to have a successful state. if they choose a successful state part of the west and european union. >> steve hadley thank you very much for joining us, we really appreciate your time. thank you. "consider this" will be right back. >> we always have strikes... people should never be allowed... >> what started as a peaceful protest >> police seem to stick to the self-defense story >> became a horrific moment in south african history >> i don't think any organization in this country would ever anticipate this type of violence >> what really happened that tragic day? >> it is the time to point finger at those whose fingers pulled the trigger >> al jazeera america presents miners shot down only on al jazeera america >> al jazeera america >> this is the very tail section it was burning when we got here >> unbiased reporting... >> the violence has continued >> the violence has continued just a couple of miles from here >> in depth coverage... >> we've got a military escort allowing us to feel a further than everyone else... >> real global perspective >> this was clearly an attack against them... >> from around the world, to the issues right here at home >> ...shouldn't been brought here in the first place... >> we're not here to take over >> real stories... real people... real understanding... >> where you scared when you hear the bombs? >> al jazeera america real... news... ♪ i voted for culture... ...with a 'k.' how are you? i voted for plausible deniability. i didn't kill her, david. and i voted for decisive military action. ♪ america, you cast your votes. now, go to xfinity on demand and select the people's hotlist to see this summer's top 100 shows and movies. i voted! the surge of unaccompanied minors swammin swamping our soun border is overwhelming the government to deal with the crisis that's developed. but could the problem have been avoided by heeding warning signs from years ago. a report from the university of texas el paso says not only was the obama administration aware of influx of accompanied minors in 2012 and chose to ignoring it in favor of more politically ex-peed vinnie solution says. joining us from el paso texas, and lead researchers of that report. the unaccompanied alien children project. he has more than 20 years in the field and headquarters of experience in the united states boarder patrol. victor good of you to join us, fewer than 5,000 central american children were being apprehended crossing the border illegally every year for most of the first decade or so of this century, that grew to 10,000 early this decade. then in 2013 that crew, 57,000 already in 2014. when it was projected to be 60 for the entire year. people thought it would keep growing as a problem but not as intensintensely as has happened? >> that's correct, antonio. when we did our study we were projecting it at about 60,000 apprehensions for unaccompanied children nationwide. as you know that number has been surpassed last month with about three months left to go in the federal fiscal year. >> and 2012, again, was the year that's issue really began gaining attention because the numbers were increasing enough that governor perry wrote a letter to president obama, 31st ladies from central america spoke about it at a conference in washington. you bring all this up in the report. so why were we blindsided with this problem i this year considering we have had years of warning? >> i am not certain what the answer is on that. i know as you stated this has been a going problem at least from 2012 when we were asked in august of last year to actually do the research and the breadth and cop scope of this issue wasn august of 2013. we delivered our find this goes late february of 2014 with some recommend fashions, but we were one team of three teams and the other team was rutgers university, the other university of southern california, who were going to handle different aspects of the research problem. >> it's difficult to understand, though, 60,000, 90,000, you are still talking a matter of significant number that was, you know, clearly forecast by people like you looking in to this. how much did politics play in to the problem? the democrats were wored in 2012 that the issue would damage the chances for immigration reform? >> i really couldn't tell you that. i can only tell but the history of what i have seen in my time with the border patrol. in the early '90s we saw something very similar. they weren't children, but other than mexican nationals, we saw this in 2004, 2005 time period. other than mexican nationals and again we are seeing this the last couple of years the only difference and the significant difference that these are unaccompanied children which adds to the plex a complexity oe issue that the department is handling. it shouldn't have been a surprise but there has been a history of this type of issue long the southern border. >> yeah, and the complexity adds to the cost too. now, you said that federal -- in it the report, you say that lack of deterrents at the u.s. mexican border is one of the real big problems here. so what needs to be done in order to avoid this problem? >> well, as a process starts now, when these individuals were crossing the border, and still cross the border, is that they were in essence giving couple there were no deterrents, not a thought of a consequence for actually entering the country illegally. knowing that they would soon be processed and then after processed they would be placed in a shelter to await their formal removal proceeding. as they overloaded the system they were being release today family members with the idea that they would show up at their immigration appointed time. and again, history has shown that the numbers really don't sustain that they will actually come back on that. so it was the idea of crossing, facing a little consequences and then soon being released in to the entir interior of the united states. >> so what do do then? once they step onto u.s. land, they can pretty much stay. >> that's the real issue, antonio. the way i look at the long-term effect is really a policy issue. but it's a policy issue of those here, those that are coming and those that are over there. you got three significant problems that must be dealt with. >> such a completed issue and involving a lot of people and a lot of children are suffering and costing the united states a lot of money. victor, really a pleasure to have you with us. it's a very interesting report from the university of texas el pass oh, thanks. the senate and house are considering very different plans this week for tackling the child migrant crisis on our southwest border. the senate plan offers $2.7 billion mostly to detain, transport and deport migrants and care for migrant children. but rejects changes to a 2008 law that would speed deportations for the children, something house leaders say is essential for any bill to pass and while it's uncertain if the house plan to boost border security can actually reach the floor, speaker john boehner tells reporters that he would like to act. >> we have a humanitarian crisis on the board, that has to be dealt with. the president clearly isn't going to deal with it on his own, even though he has the a authority to deal with it on his own. but i do believe that the congress should act and i am hopeful that we will. >> for more on the migrant issue and the rest political news i am joined from los angeles by al jazerra america political contributor michael shore and bill schneider rez hasn't squalor at the think thank third way, good to have you on the show. bill start with you. senate democrats are asking for $2.7 billion think but the president wanted $3.7 billion. the house is only talking about $1.5 billion they all go on vacation next week. will anything get done? >> well, the question is are they able to separate the funding from the issue you of revising that 2008 law, that means that the child migrant have tmigrantshave to be treates and given a hearing in court to see if they should, returned or not. president's basic point is do something this is an urgent crisis, you heard speaker boehner say that. do something and pass the money so we can deal with it right now. >> michael, as bill said, the senate bill doesn't including an amendment to the 2,008 law that allows deportation of central american kids more easily. barbara senator from maryland who chairs the appropriations committee says it's a funding bill so it does not include immigration legislation. without that it will never pass the house, is this again political games a chance to tell the democratic hispanic base we tried. >> i don't think so. you can look at everything and say it's political gain says. this is a spending bill. if they are able to bifurcate the actual changing of that law from the spending bill which is what the president seems to want do now, what the democrats want to do now, then that would be a successful bill. and, again, getting some money, getting some emergency funding, it behooves both sides to do that. so, yeah, it's a political games. this is actually what they are supposed to be doing. they are having, you know, an argument over how to get the money, spends it. some people don't want money at all. some people want too much. this is what happens. this is the deliberation that goes on in congress and it should in a healthy congress think what doesn't generally happen is any kind of legislation or bilk passed and that's been the problem with this congress it's a hallmark of this congress and some that have preceded it. and so i think now they have to look at getting something done and i think they will. >> but also mixed signals from the white house, bill, but president obama had sure seemed to be supporting a measure that would allow him to speed deportations now it looks like he is against that. so what is happening here? is he following the lead of the senate caucus? >> well, the democrats have gone in open rebellion against the president and republicans certainly, because they oppose any revision to his the wilber force act which treats these migrants of refugees. the democrats are determined to resist that. republicans you just heard speaker boehner say the president should act unilaterally on his own, there is a marvelous irony here. the republicans are suing the president because they say he acts unilaterally without consultation from congress. and here speaker boehner is saying, go ahead, mr. president, do something. >> right. good point that bill makes there, michael. the speaker says he can act without congress, yet he's threatening to see him for actioning without congress. so what can the president do? >> yeah, i mean, just listening to the president, listening to john boehner tell the president, you know, you can act alone. what the president has done is exactly what the republicans have wanted him to, come to congress, talk to us about what you want. tell us what you want. and outline that. short of that, the president can do some executive actions on this. and, you know, he i think has his legislative staff working very hard in the white house now trying to figure out what that is. but he does not want to show those cards now. it wouldn't help him to show those cards now. in a threatening way, he's working with congress and going to see what they come back to. you have to remember one thing here antonio if they leave for the summer recess on july 31st without getting anything done, many republicans agree it will be on the republicans. that failure would be on the republican's shoulders because the president did come to them with an outline plan and if they leave it will seem as if the republican congress did nothing. >> let's turn to foreign policy, bill. you know, you and i have been around for a while. michael is younger than we are. i don't remember any time, certainly not since the cold war ended, where there seems to be so much turmoil in so many different places in the world. we are taking ukraine, iraq, the iran nuclear program. the problems with russia. chinese expansionism. israel and gaza. the world seems to be on fire. the president has said that a world in turmoil demands american leadership. and critics are asking where the leadership is. >> not clear what the united states can do in a situation like this. we are in a world of complex competition, much more so than during the cold war. look at russia, russia is helping us negotiate with iran over their nuclear weapons program. but we are against russia in ukraine. the europeans are with us in imposing sanctions on russia for the most part, but they are not with us because they oppose what israel is doing in gaza. iran actually is on the same side as the you had in iraq, resisting the expansion of the sunni-iraqi state, but they are not with us on a lot of the other issues. it's a very complex world. the problem here, i think, is people get very frightened if it looks like the president of the united states, our elected leader, is not able to influence events. is not in control of events, that's a very scary proposition. he has to appear to be in control of events, even though the president of the united states rarely really is. and this president does not give that impression. >> yeah. and certainly it's a complex world and the complexities in many of these areas are beyond the comprehension of most people. but michael, we are six years in to the obama presidency. the american people by almost 2-1 think he's not doing a good job on foreign policy. john mccain is saying his foreign policy is cowardly, that the president has failed the leadership test. is that fair? >> you know, listen to fail john mccain's leadership test, i don't know what that test is. i think when you hear the people speak 2-1, you can't argue with that. but this has also been a very different time of leadership. it's also been coming off of very decisive almost knee jerk leadership that you got for eight years you were the george w. bush president civil he's sending people to perlin to talk to angela merkel on how to deal with russia. but at the same time they have to convince all of europe on their position in israel and what's going on in gaza right now. as bill alluded to this is a very difficult balancing act where out ride leadership and what we were a customed to before is very difficult now. haves a very deliberative lead they are president and deliberative leaders don't seem like leaders and i think that's where he runs up against a lit bit of trouble with the american leak, so, it remains to be seen how his leadership will be remembered. just a different kind of leadership and left some people feeling cold. >> quick final question, bill, one of the big criticisms is that he seems to be going off on fundraising trips in the middle of all these crisis. is that a fair criticism? >> i think it is. i am not sure fundraising is he had best thing to be doing rights now. he didn't want to appear to be like jimmy carter during the hostage crisis who was trapped. held powerless in the white house unable do anything. he has to strike a balk deliberative and not being captured by the crisis and unable to do anything. >> so much going on in the world. certainly a difficult time. michael, bilker as always go to see, thank. we'll be back with more "consider this." another botched execution. this time in arizona, has revived the debate overuse of lethal injections in this daze it took over two hours for the inmate to die which even allowed his lawyers enough time foo file an emergency motion requesting the execution being halt the. what constitute cruel and unusual punishment as defined by the eighth amendment? if we can't make lethal injections quickly and painlessly, should we considering returning for fire squads or hangings? joining us from pittsburgh is matthew an attorney and former district attorney for penn. he's the author of the execution's toll. great to have you with us, let's begin with this most recent case in arizona. drug companies are refuse to go provide the drugs effective in the past. other ways case where his the newer combinations of drugs don't work leaving the person lying there dieing for long periods. why can't they get it right? >> well, there is obviously a problem. lethal injection has been around for 32 years. yet in the last six months we have botched executions in arizona now, oklahoma, and ohio in january. so there is a problem and it has to be looked in to. >> and, you know, doctors aren't involved in administering the drugs because it violates the hippocratic bot oath to do no a. isn't it like lick we'll haven't to have problems because some numbers say 7% of all lethal injections of botched and some experts predicted this arizona execution would not work. would go awry. >> well, yeah. there is been a problem with obtaining the drugs that have traditionally been used in lethal injections. for a number of years, decades we have used a three-drug protocol for lethal inning jokes. as those drugs became more scarce, ohio, for one, moved to a single drug protocol, some states moved to a two-drug protocol and the problem is we are not able to get some of the drugs that we have used in the past. europe where we have imported some of the drugs have stopped the flow of the drugs in to the united states for purposes of executions. some united states manufacturers don't want their drugs used for health care to be used for executions. so states have begun to scramble to find drugs to carry out scheduled executions. >> but, you know, but, again, it seems to, you know, when you hear about michael jackson dieing of an overdose of probe e follow. just put him to deep sleep and dogs are euthenized every day seemingly in painless ways, it's different to understand why they can't figure out how to do this properly for for people convict today death. now the chief judge of the ninth court of appeals look at the arizona case is among those looking to what he called more primitive but foolproof form of execution. do you think we should? judge kusinski has indicated that a firing squad may be the most humane way to carry out execution. academic studies find a firing squad may be the best means of carrying out an execution. it's not as far fetched as you might think in my book which a chronicled all the execution in 2010, there was one in utah ronnie lee gardner carried out by firing squad. there was an electric chair execution in the state of virginia, so these alternative forms, other than lethal injection, are not that far fetched. and they have been used in recent years. >> but you think that the american people won't stand for it? that even if a firing squad is one of the more efficient ways of carrying out executions that americans would accept it? >> well, here is the problem. lethal injection, the reason they have used the three-drug protocol over a number of decades as not so much -- well, of course it's more humane, but it's also more humane for the witnesses, a firing squad is a gruesome process. but lethal injection with three drugs one being a pair lit pars used primarily so the witnesses wouldn't have to observe certain movements and gestations by the person who is being executed. it was for the purposes of the witnesses that we use the three-drug protocol. certainly the most humane form of execution would be an execution that's carried out immediately. that there is no prolonged process. and a firing squad provides that. so why not -- why report we looking at the most humane way, which would be immediate death for carrying out executions? and that's the question that judge kusinski asked. >> right. most americans still support the death penalty. so what about those who say who cares, these killers inflicted terrible suffering on victims and their families so if it takes a them a little long tore die, what's the big deal? >> well, the united states supreme court says per saoupbt to the eightpersur sueper saoupt they can't suffer but you have to ask yourself someone laying on a till for two hours snorting and grasping for breath is that the most humane way to care out an execution. 60% of americans still support the death penalty, and certainly people who have direct contact with cases, you know, evening if it's indirect contact from what they know from television, like sadam hussein, or timothy mcveigh, you know, 80% of people supported the death penalty when it came to those particular individuals, so there is support for the death penalty and not as much compassion as one might think for those people laying other gurney who committed a heinous act against a friends and family member. >> certainly what happened in arizona did not seem to be human given the descriptions of what happened. matthew, pleasure to have you with us, thank you. >> thanks for having me. are many children being pushinged ipushed in to prisons? according to the experts the answer yes. and the practice he is is starting in schools what is referred to as the school to prison pipeline in a nation that already has the highest inning course raise rates in the world that pipeline is impacting minority students and students with disbillment actor, play right and professor an anna join take own that issue and joins us notes from the field doing time in education, the california chapter. which focuses on the school to prison pipeline and its impact on schools, kids and our society. you may recognize her from her extensive work in film and television including the west wing and nurse jackie, annie great to have you with us, thank you. >> thank you. >> let's begin with the school to prison pipeline. describe that to viewers and how did it inspire your latest work. >> sure, this idea of the school to prison pipeline is the ways in which some discipline practices in schools. put kids on what is called the school to prison pipeline. data shows, suspensions a certain number of suspensions increase the likelihood that kids end up in front i've judge and the number of times they end up in front of a judge is well can't to how long they stay in a cycle of incarceration. if a kid not in school they are this trouble. the chief justice had a summit in anaheim last december in which they really looked at truancy and looked carefully at this. a lot of judges understand that the judicial system can't even handle everything that's in front of them. so from a lot of points of view, governors, teachers, parents, really know that we immediate to turn this around. >> so do you think the schools are failing or kids? our legal system failing our kids? what should schools and our courts do? >> i think it's more than that. i think many of our ins institus are failing kids, we blame the schools and teachers, very hard working people. but they don't really have the resources. science is just now coming to understand the effect, for example, of communities, what it means to live in a community where there is chronic violence, how this affects kids' development. there is something called toxic stress, which a pediatrician here in san francisco speaks about very elegantly, dr. nadine brook harris and scientists have done studies to show the effect of stress and trauma on not just emotional development but cognitive development. so there are things that we can start to do and resource that his we can bring in to help kids. and you know, the really progressive people would really just point blank we need to stop building prisons and spends the money on making schools better, if schools are going to be the place where the responsibility lies to keep kids healthy and subsequently keep communitys healthy. >> it begins a vicious cycle early. one of the policies that fuels the school to prison pipeline is the zero tolerance policy that has become common across the country. in this environment where school shootings seem to be a weekly occurrence, what do you say to those that argue that the focus should instead be on school safety? >> absolutely. i completely understand that. and you know, you probably know that the zero tolerance policy some people date that as beginning with columbine. we all want safe schools. the irony is that most of these very troubling incidents don't afternoon live happen in inner-city schools where the greatest amount of vulnerable students. so i think that we have to find a way to keep schools safe, and at the same time find a way not to have disproportionality in black, brown and native american youth in terms of the ways that enter the criminal justice system and i also think apart from that we have to think differently about what is punishment. do our prisons do a good job. or are they about something else, rep pwraoupbgs rather than repping bring kids along, kids that neita lot of help. school is hard for all economic background the whole way enduring testing and everything else when i look at the resources that some of the students have i teach the new york university i teach wonderful people the kind of resources that they had in their lives to get where they are took a the lot. kids that are poor, they should have exponentially poor more and we have to find a way to provide that. as a moral reality we have to find a way to think about what punishment is meant to do. also for those who are adults in the system in the criminal justice system. >> i know you raise a lot of those questions in notes from the field doing time and education. i know you conducted 100 interviews with people throughout the justice system in schools to bring up those issues and i wish you the best of luck with that. i look forward to seeing it and where the project goes in the the future, anna pleasure to have you with us. >> thank you. "consider this" will be right back. >> on tech know, >> scientists go up in the sky, >> we're flying over a fracking field in texas >> using ground breaking technology to check air quality down below. >> formaldehyde levels were astronomical...it's bad. >> tech know, every saturday go where science meets humanity. >> this is some of the best driving i've every done, even though i can't see. >> tech know. >> we're here in the vortex. only on al jazeera america. >> it's a chilling and draconian sentence... it simply cannot stand. >> this trial was a sham... >> they are truth seekers... >> all they really wanna do is find out what's happening, so they can tell people... >> governments around the world all united to condemn this... >> as you can see, it's still a very much volatile situation... >> the government is prepared to carry out mass array... >> if you want free press in the new democracy, let the journalists live. today's dave a dive looks for happiness in the u.s. and sometimes find the opposite. new york city is the unhappiest city in america. researchers found the big apple has what's called low subjective well being. and it's the area in general, jersey city a right across the hudson river was among the country's most unhappy places, researchers from harvard and vancouver school of economics looks at a huge ongoing study from the cdc. some results of surprising. new york is followed in unhappiness by st. joseph, missouri and south bends, indiana. why are people so unhappy around notre dame. over all the south is pretty happy. the happiest places in the country are blue and green, orange sunday got. red is the worse, you see a lot of that in the northeast, chicago, michigan, detroit among others. it's not just a urban problem, not all big cities are unhappy. lafayette, louisiana is the happiest city. louisiana is the happiest state in the union. the top five happy cities come from cajun country, but money doesn't buy happiness. the average medium income in those towns is less than $41,000, about 12,000 less than the national average. in general, researchers found women are more cheerful than men. married people are happier than single or divorced people. and retirees are slightly less joy. than people who are working. there is one bright side for the more downtrodden cities, the more unhappy the place, the lower the rent. one exception, of course, new york city. we'll be back with more of "consider this." promises to be much substantial >> untapped resources... >> the really big expense hasn't been tested in the arctic >> could climate change reveal new battlefields? >> countries are developing combat capabilities fault lines al jazeera america's hard hitting... >> they're blocking the doors... >> ground breaking... >> we have to get out of here... truth seeking... award winning investigative documentary series the battle for the arctic only on al jazeera america al jazeera america. we understand that every news story begins and ends with people. >> the efforts are focused on rescuing stranded residents. >> we pursue that story beyond the headline, pass the spokesperson, to the streets. >> thousands of riot police deployed across the capital. >> we put all of our global resources behind every story. >> it is a scene of utter devastation. >> and follow it no matter where it leads - all the way to you. al jazeera america, take a new look at news. an american tonight investigative report only on al jazeera america for hollywood summers are crucial and the movie industry depends on you want to go escape the heat to an air conditioned theater to watch big budget blockbusters. but nerves are on edge in la because ticket numbers have plunged in the way that we haven't seen in third years, while there are some hits still to come possibly, box office receipts have been so bad, some are asking if the summer blockbuster is dead. let's bring in al jazerra culture critic and former npr arts editor will why man joining us from phoenix. bilker always good to see you, you know as well as i do. that there is a tendency for hollywood observers to start screaming the sky is falling when anything goes wrong, but things have been so bad this summer, including a horrible fourth of july weekend when which i think was the worse since 1987. that it might be fair to ask for the sky is falling. >> its really valid question. and i think we should say that most of the people in hollywood are smart people and good at their jobs because they get fired if they are not good at their jobs and it's easy to sit and second-guess. that said, i think you can really see that some of these summer blockbusters the well they keep going back to is running a bit dry. spider man two, i think we talked a few weeks ago, when you look at the numbers about half as many people saw that movie as in previous iterationses and transformers too, half as many people saw the new iterations and i think we are seeing those are the things that tank your box office. >> to be fair, last summer was a record-breaking season. it had somewhats i have blockbusters. ironman three, fast and furious six. star trek in to darkness. you know, a few others that all grossed more than this year's top grossing film so far, which is the most recent version of the x-men franchise, you had to expect ticket sales would drop compared to last year, but 20%? >> right. it's really, really crazy. and again, if there had been one big more block buster and if transformers and spider man had done their usual number of tickets, we wouldn't be having this o conversation. that said, transformers is basically driven away half of its audience over the past three or four years. and i think we are beginning to see a little bit of audience fatigue when it comes to that. and, again, we have to go back. it's these guys' job to put the butts in the seats and get them to see the movies and they didn't do it this year. >> the audience fatigue young men because that's what these big budgets action blockbusters usually target. it seems some of the films that have targeted well, ma live sent, the fault in our stars, those have done well. >> right. and you have to understand the blockbusters are basically movie industry crack. i think it was four or five years ago the entire top 10 box office movies for the year were all reboots, franchises, sequels and the like. and about 17 of the top 20. so this is what the industry has evolved to be doing. but they also get 3d tickets sales and imax ticket sales that's one of the most important things facing the industry movie goes going ticket sales have been steadily declining for 10 years, at least 15% fewer tickets sold today than 10 years ago. and the population has grown by 10%, the per capita movie going over all the movie industry is basically losing the fight. even though box offices disidentifiess it theidentifies. they are losing keeping kids way from tv and video stkpwhraefpls >> could they be losing their budget instead of targeting the american audience more intelligent targeting overseas. >> that's important. that's part of it. in rauch and china the sheer number of screens are growing. transformers di terrible soft business in the united states doing gang bust never china but the economics are incredibly complemented. paramount is only getting a small percentage of the money out of a place like china. so those big box office figures are doubly disguised in terms of the future of the industry. however, you are right, overall, the global marketplace is going to be growing. that's where the studios are going to be are to be focusing their attention to his the detriment of movie going here in america i think. >> and you brought up television, we were talking -- we have talked here about the golden age of television before that we are going through this wonderful renaissance in tv. and the hollywood reporter quotes an unnamed studio he can executive that he or she wished they worked at netflix. is that part of the problem? is that part of the problem it's so easy to, you know, just watch a whole season of tv show at once on your computer if you want to? >> exactly. and you know, i have talked about this a lot over the five or six years, two movie going audiences in america, two movie industries one are the big blockbuster sequel franchise jazz, which, again, is for kids they want to go out on friday nights and the movie industry is really good at front loading that first weekend and 10 days of movie going, right? and then i think they are people like us that just want to see good movies, no kids texting, no blare commercials at us and we are content to wait and watch better movies at home. and remember there is still a lot of good movies coming out this year i saw bod dow hood the other day. that is a great movie. that's a move that i just drills you and it's almost a technologically brilliant move i but has no technology in it at all think i think there is still thrills to be a had just not in the darn si cineplexes. >> it's not just people like you and me waiting to see movies a lot of kids report going anymore because of all the access to technology. could this just being cyclical. x-men producer is predicting that will be the biggest box office sumner history. >> for his sake i hope it is. and it could be true when which comes to actual dollars, but all the box office press coverage should be about numbers of tickets sold and not evening about the grosses, but that's what has been disguises big problems. again, when you look at population trends and ticket sales trends you are seeing an industry that is losing its grip on the american psyche. >> right. people just aren't getting in to those movie theaters, they are not getting our butts in to the seats, bill. good to see you as always. >> thanks antonio. >> thanks. the conversation continues on our website aljazerra.com/considerthis or on our facebook or google plus pages, we'll see you next time. >> are you guys ready? 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