Dig its way out of debt. America tonight investigation finds some waiting years for city payments could be the biggest losers. Ever since the city filed for bankruptcy. The lawyers wont return emails or phone calls. On a school day well have six or seven kids in the office. She says bring them in, raising debate about work, and finding the allelusive balance. Good evening, naption for joining us thanks for joining us, im chan when joie chen. We begin with a rash of police shootings, 75 are mentally ill. We speak to a woman whose mentally ill son was shot and killed by the police. I decided to keep his door locked because i feel its his space, and i dont want anybody intruding in it. Mary visits her son keiths room when she wants to feel close to him. Come in. Its keiths room. This is keiths new drum set, which he got for christmas, and he was so delighted. I used to love to listen to him playing the drums. I miss him. He was a good kid. He was very loving. I miss hearing him, saying every night mum, i love you. Sorry. No. Keiths memory haunts every corner of the house. Reporter what were some of the challenges as a mother, schizophrenic. He tried to hurt himself. Decided to drink bleach, which i knocked out of his hand came out here at the vacuum. Took the cord, wrapped it around his net. That day, with the help of police, she was able to get him to hospital for treatmentment much on january 5th. He picked up a small screw safety. He wasnt right. I felt he needed to see a doctor. I asked my husband to call 911. Mary says the first two officers established a dialogue with her son. A third officer entered the whom. Mary said he escalated the situation. Less than a minute later keith was dazed and struggling with two other officers. Out of the corner of my eye i thought i saw something brown. It didnt connect in my brain that it was a gun. Then i heart the gun go off, and saw my son start to bleed. A third officer shot keith. He died on the way to the hospital. The officer, brian vassie was indicted for voluntary manslaughter. His lawyer claims he had to make a split second decision and was protecting the lives of the other officers. When you called the police that day, did you imagine that this would end in a scenario like this is this. No. No, because it shouldnt have. Because they should within trained to handle this. Keiths death is part of a troubling trend. Recent shootings, like this one in march, of a homeless man in albuquerque mexico have shined a spotlight on what many see as the excessive use of force when dealing with the mentally ill. According to a 2013 report by the National Sheriffs association, half the people shot and killed by police in the u. S. Have a psychiatric disorder. The report blames a broken Mental Health system, forcing Law Enforcement to play the role of Mental Health provider. The community Mental Health system is a bare bones lastlevel safety net that is not adequate for providing a level of care needed in the community. When they are not getting treatment they come in contact with Law Enforcement. The captain spent much of his career improving Police Interaction with the mentally ill. We equipped officers with no training in how to deal with the calls that are complex, volatile, emotionally stirred up and dangerous. Thats a recipe for disaster. In fact, conventional Police Training can inflame encounters with the mentally ill. Traditional Law Enforcement are rooted in logic, reasoning, and we can make the situation safe by taking a person into custody. Barking orders at a person with work. After two High Profile Police shootings of mentally ill people in 2002, colorado tried a new approach. Crisis intervention training for cit. When we became exposed to cit i recognised it was a faster, smarter way of dealing with the problem. Why not train officers in how to effectively situation. Are you okay . With cit officers are trained to look for signs of Mental Illness and just the approach. We have two coming up. I have two coming up right now. This is a weeklong course, in which we are trying to teach officers to deal with folks that are mentally ill. When is the last time you took your med indication. I give it to my brother. He likes it more. You have to do five role play, where they apply skills and what they learnt. If i were to take you to talk to someone. Im talking to you. You can talk to [ bleep ]. Dont you call me. Not at all. Watching this, it seemed realistic. How was if for you . They are very realistic. During a scenario you can feel the sweat dripping down inside your shirt because you put yourself this that situation. Officer chad walker found the training left him better equipped to handle the growing number of calls involving the mentally il. Its more prevalent. We handle three or four calls, and one of them off the top of bipolar. Can you give me an example of a call you have gone on where you had to use your training. Absolutely. There was a call of a 10yearold with autism that we have dealt with before, and had a knife and was chasing his mother around the house. He looked at u and started walking towards us with the knife in his hand. We knew the person by name. Called him by his first name. Asked him how he was feeling, and he dropped the knife, came to us and lisped to us. It is listened to us. It was awesome. It was possibility a deadly force situation. Training. Half of colorados plifs are Trained Police officers are trained in cit. Colorado deploys fewer swat teams and saves money. Nationwide c it officers are officers. Its about keeping the officer and the Community Safe and the person in crisis safe so we can deescalate the situation, get the person into custody and connected with whatever outcome is appropriate in that situation. In spite of its proven track record 10 of the nations 25,000 police dets require intervention training. In north carolina, where keith was shot, one in five officers received the training. I noticed there were more vet rap soldiers coming back from the war. They have Mental Illness problems. We are having to deal with that the best way that we know how. The chief of police wants to provide officers with cit. Theres no money. Thats the training as a police chief that i would like for all officers to have at some point. Because im a small agency with hard. How concerned are you that something under your watch could end in tragedy if the guys dont get the training they need . Its a big concern. If i cant send an officer to the range to learn his weapon, and if hes in a situation where he needs to use it but didnt borderline. Since keiths death mary is an advocate of crisis intervention training. What happened in my home, i felt there was people not qualified to handle a mentally ill person. And if you are not qualified, what the heck are you doing in my home, get out. You should not be here. She has submitted a bill to her state representative called keiths law, making c it mandatory to all officers in north carolina. This programme is a commonsense programme. Train them so they can handle the population that they deal with every day. My goal is to prevent another family from going through a terrible tragedy that has ruined our lives. This is not going to bring back my son. But it might save somebody elses son or daughter. Our story from america tonights correspondent. Next short changed again. A bankrupt detroit faces its creditors. Why some waited years for the drug wars in mexico this guy saw someone they suspect and they just went after them now vigilantes have joined the fight i dont want to do this. Is it a Popular Uprising . Or a new wave of violence . Fault lines. Al Jazeera Americas hard hitting. Theyre locking the door. Ground breaking. We have to get out of here. Truth seeking. Award winning documentary series mexicos vigilante state only on Al Jazeera America real reporting that brings you the world. Giving you a real global perspective like no other can. Real reporting from around the world. This is what we do. Al Jazeera America. The stream is uniquely interactive television. In fact, we depend on you, your ideas, your concerns. All these folks are making a whole lot of money. You are one of the voices of this show. I think youve offended everyone with that kathy. Hold on, theres some room to offend people, im here. We have a right to know whats in our food and monsanto do not have the right to hide it from us. So join the conversation and make it your own. Watch the stream. And join the conversation online ajamstream. Now following detroits bankruptcy case, pensioners and retirees have been pitted against bond holders and financial institutions. Theres another group of people forgotten in the fight. Creditors, who stand to become casualties through no falls of their own and little means to do anything about it. We have this report in this america tonight investigation. Reporter this may look like an ordinary family moment. For dwayne its a pleasure he was denied for almost a decade while in prison for a murder he did not commit. Its a nightmare that began 14 years ago. I thought i was getting pulled over for a traffic stop. I looked through the rear view mirror, and cops were jumping out the car with guns raised up at my car, telling me to keep my hands on the steering wheel. Next thing im getting smashed out the car. Police arrested dwayne for the murder of a local drug dealer named hunter. I didnt know him, i thought it was a mistake that would be cleared up in a day or two. Instead the case went to trial. Please. Larry wylie, the progresss only witness was a homeless man that did handiwork in dwaynes neighbourhood and accused dwayne three months after the murder when Police Arrested him for a breakin. His testimony was inconsistent but dwayne was made guilty. I heard guilty. Everything went blank, like an out of body experience. Dwayne, a 26yearold father of three was sentenced to between 32 and 62 years. It was very, very, very hard. You know, i broke down plenty of files in prison. Im scratching my head. By the time i get out, my kids will be grown and have kids on their own. Is this reality for me . Dwayne appealed his conviction, with no result. Then a group of law students from the university of michigan innocence clinic got involved and discovered police notes caghting key contributing key witness testimony and never got team. This is evidence that shows of the person arrested didnt do it, excull pattery or something that might impeach the witness. If that had been used in the convicted. No, if the prosecutor had seen it, he would have dismissed the case. Thats how powerful that was. Had they been turned over to dwaynes defense council, a rookie lawyer could have got an acquittal. There was another important revelation from the key witness larry riley. Reporter can you tell us what happened . No, i cant, i was not there. Not only that, whilie made a charge. He said he was coached by the Detroit Police officer leading the investigation. Soon affidavits is a judge afterwards a judge threw out dwaynes conviction. It was a happy day of my life, a day i dreamed of, that i doors. The city he returned to was different to the detroit he remembered. When i got out of prison it was like a culture shock. It was wow, what the hell happened. Like someone dropped a bomb on the city. He began to put his life back together and found a lawyer to sue the city and the officer that led the investigation. In the summer of 2011 a case. That panel with a collective experience of probably 70 years doing nothing but civil right cases decided the case was worth 5 million. The city rejected the amount. The case was headed for more negotiation or in to court trial. We were right there at the goal line. But less than later. The city of detroit has made history, but not in a good way. Its become the largest city in the u. S. To file for bankruptcy. With the bankruptcy, dwaynes case stopped in its tracks. So did more than 500 other lawsuits against the city, filed by ordinary citizens with grievances, with no place at the table in highstakes negotiations over detroits bankruptcy. One of them it 72yearold jessie payne. Jessie is happiest when with her dozens of grandkids and great grandkids. Family and church have been the mainstays for her life. And to get around the city she used the bus, better known as the d dot. Two years ago she took the bus that changed her life. I started to cross the street to go to the doctors office. And as i started across the street, the bus backed over me and i fell to the ground. And when i looked down at my leg, it was split open. It looked like mag ots was crawling in my leg. When jessie woke up, she was in the hospital. I didnt feel nothing. I couldnt feel my legs. They told me they thought i was doing to losely legs. Jessie was in the hospital for a year before moving to a rehabilitation home. She undergoes physical therapy five days a week. I still have pains today in my legs. I wake up a lot of nights with pain in my legs. You should see the scars. Jessies injury is permanent. Before the bankruptcy the city of destroyed agreed to pay her. We have several judgments, all of which are affected by the bankruptcy. Its roughly 3. 5 million. Jessies lawyers were on their way to pick up the check when the city halted the payment. Now jessies money is entangled in bankruptcy law. Right now we have pieces of paper, essentially, that need to be converted into monetary dams for jessie. In the bankruptcy process, thats a complex process. Its upchartered territory for virtually everybody involved. The task of coming up with a plan for the largest municipal bankruptcy falls to kevin or. His job is monumental. The issues talked about have been coming this way years. Kevin orr are puts the debt and unfunded liabilities at a staggering 18 billion and pushes a plan of the cuts and investments to change that. I dont want to do it. Im here to make the hard call. Thats my job. Detroit had been in decline for years. It wasnt until the bankruptcy that individual creditors started to take a hit. In every bankruptcy there are losers. In this one some may suffer more than others. Under the citys counter plan plifs and firefighters could give 100 of their pensions. 20 . Jessie. That would mean she wasnt fairly compensated. Jessie payne is not a sophisticated wall street bank or large bond holder. Shes a woman walking in a parking lot, got hit by a city fairly. Banks, bond holders and Pension Funds blamed for contributing to detroits decline had a seat at the sneghting table. Jessie and dwayne, do not. Being falsely incarcerated for something i didnt do. I didnt put the city in the situation they are in now. I think its a little unfairle. Has the city reached out to you about negotiating or having input into how claims like dwaynes are treated. You cant get a lawyer on the phone. Lawyers wont return an email, a telephone call, bankruptcy lawyers will not return a call, not my call. They didnt return our calls either. Despite requests. Emergency manager kevin orr are would not comment. They are taking meetings, they are in negotiations with bond holders and unions . Thats where the focus is. Pensioners have attention because of their unions. The or people like dwayne dont have that. They dont have the union behind them. Dwaynes story has a costly twist. While in prison, the state billed him for child support. The only time they cut it off, it was 8. 5 years when i was in prison, waking up and hes in prison, lets stop it. At that time i was almost 100,000 in debt, child support. Undermichigan law hell owe that amount. Dwaynes only hope is to get him. Right now im basically riding a wave to see how it will all pan out. If you could telekevin orr anything tell kevin orr anything, what would you say . I know hes doing a job he has to do to get the city back up to viable and i applaud him for that. If i can speak to kevin orr , i would let him know to give us more meat on the bone so we can if feel vindicated for what we went through. There are more than 500 other cases covering everything from police abuse and wrongful incarceration to employment discrimination and unfair dismissal. Like jessie pain, many never told their stories and emergency manager kevin ore is yet to talk about any of them. When we return, sparking controversy, ecigarettes and effort to keep them away from kids. Al Jazeera America presents borderlands dramatic conclusion no ones prepared for this journey. Our teams experience the heart breaking desperation were all following stories of people that have died in the desert. And the importance. Experiencing it, has changed me completely. Of the lives that were lost in the desert this is the most dangerous part of your trip. An emotional finale you cant miss. We got be here to tell the story. The final journey borderland continues. Only on Al Jazeera America tropingic cigarettes Electronic Cigarettes or vapours are really very popular. Users say it can help smokers quit. Theres no consensus about the Health Effects. And until now zero regulations. Years after the ecigarettes exploded to the market the f. D. A. Moved to label them and stop them being sold to minors. People are disappointed. In february 2013 the unthinkable happened. For the first time in half a century an ad for cigarettes appeared on tv. Do you know what the amazing thing about this cigarette is . Is isnt one. A team of executives in scottsdale arizona found a loophole in tobacco advertising. The law defined cigarettes as loose tobacco rolled in paper. Of the 200 stations that screened the ad 10 aired it during the superbowl. Enough to make sales rise by 10 . Suddenly the handcuffs were off. I have never seen it. It has a bejulied bottom. Its remarkable. I know. Theres nothing in this world. At a yearly meeting of tobacco selling ecigarettes are the rage. The f. D. A. Has been mulling regulation for years. Ready. We are acting in a responsible way now with an eye on where the regulation is going. The reality is f. D. A. Regulates everything in the store today, whether its food, tobacco, beverage. Companies that are responsible can be highly successful in a regulated environment. What has not changed is the loss surrounding marketing. Ecigarettes are free to use tactics that had been banned. Some of the acts appearing in magazines was identical to big tobacco 40 years ago. Its the marlborough man, the vi