SunStar May 22, 2021 In pre-Edsa Philippines, the media fell into two groups: establishment and alternative. In the first were mass media owned by the cronies of the dictatorship, who practiced the freedom of the press for as long as the reportage did not antagonize the censors and lead to midnight visits, disappearances and shutdowns. Like many Filipinos who turned to alternative media for realities denied or glossed over in the “komedya (farcical media),” Papang and I listened religiously to the AM radio broadcasters who did not water down their “bomba” like the attack-collect, defend-collect (AC-DC) “balimbing nga oposisyon (starfruit representing turncoats and the fake opposition).”