Brunson); University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing and Perelman School of Medicine ( Buttenheim); Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale School of Medicine, and Yale School of Public Health ( Omer); University of Maryland ( Quinn) "Ensuring strong demand for and promoting acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines is critical to achieving herd immunity, protecting the most vulnerable populations, and reopening social and economic life..." Since the first COVID-19 vaccine was authorised in December 2020 in the United States (US), public confidence in COVID-19 vaccines has risen relative to reported attitudes regarding a hypothetical vaccine in early 2020. However, some people are hesitant, reluctant, distrusting, or otherwise not motivated with respect to being vaccinated. It is this group who may be most receptive to communication intervention: to resources, information, and support for making the vaccination decision that is right for them. Produced through the Societal Experts Action Network (SEAN), an activity of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, this guidance for combatting mistrust and building confidence in COVID-19 vaccines is based on research on making decisions, changing beliefs/attitudes, and reaching and engaging diverse audiences. The rapid expert consultation describes a variety of public engagement and communication strategies that can be implemented at the national, state, and local levels to change patterns of interaction with the public, address hesitancy about the vaccines, and build trust.