A giant bird cage above the old bailey can actually see that there was in the run up to the referendum a preponderance of until you pull breaks it pieces on to and sputnik what the report does not do is make any criticism of any individual program a cold commentator present or thats not what this is of no mention of going underground in britains finally released no redacted russia reports oliseh more coming up in todays going underground but 1st as more and more people go back to a life precode with 19 or hopes for a vaccine obscuring the imminent threat posed by a socalled winter spike that could cause another 120000 coronavirus deaths in the u. K. Where the worlds most respected virologist dr robert gallo who is pivotal in discovering the link that hiv has to aids suggests that a much cheaper option a polio vaccine could be used as a stopgap until a grown a virus vaccine. Found he joins me now via skype from baltimore in the United States thanks so much robert coming on before we even get to the perils of seeking medicine become a death 19 and a vaccine for hiv both of which we hope will come just tell me about dr fauci one died a few days ago yes sure she was brilliant and. Curse of earring in tough problems and resilient resilient to the ups and downs that go in basic experimental medical science she came to me as a postcard gruffalo in the early ninetys certainly salute your believe it was in the in a very short time it was clear that she would be a very important cog in offered or permitted to zisha here there are many many good cause doctor of those who agree that kind of a great group and a significant sized group a group into that i think she was at the top of the list well that i think i think of it if you with her when she says that when she began working on this have people didnt believe in the human retrovirus as an industry is it i thought i had a very tough time in the 1970 s. When you know she came right in the middle of that kind of whirlwind controversy yes there were just a couple laps of the world that continued this kind of search we had to do some research that was standard you know that we were interested in but that would not be. Controversial or there were other elements finance courses that shows how science changes because the evidence suggested antibodies for covert die out thats what the evidence seems to be suggesting right now does that mean the scientists changed since we were talking about herd immunity on this program and in fact top government scientists here in britain were talking about herd immunity and a pointless strategy against coronavirus yes no yes i really think that could have been there. Was early warnings about that let me say this number one the structure of the coronavirus spike is very similar in some respects to hiv kind of spike protein the heavy sugar coating of the protein itself in men outside chain suggested to us that this could only be a short lived antibody response to it we had learned a lot about this and focused our research on it in the last 567 years actually maybe longer a why these antibodies dont last long and we kind of i dont want to say we were up there yelling and making predictions but among ourselves we really said these antibodies pleaded have been yelling arguably nothing in the whole people hearing about it cant be sure but one thing that added to that is that the seasonal coronaviruses that cause the common cold which are related to sars to this pandemic virus they were shown by i think was a dutch group months ago did not less than the chinese evidence without yelling it was also indicated that these were not going to last so you know i used to make some killing jokes you know live by this bite you die by this bite but on the other hand you know because i didnt think it would last they wont give durable immunity the paper really which i consider one of the strongest paper ive seen and the action is very well done and very thoughtful and they they had the sense to also look at t. Cells which would know most people have not been thinking of in terms of this by these kind of proteins usually you dont think of so much for getting a big piece of his and i have to you have to describe the difference between the life of sites and i should just add of course most Vaccine Research is apparently targeting the antibodies that the has you say die out of this ill check a there is news that ted talks about if he has particular that is that they really hit hard also on the t. Cells and ill say what the t. Cells are but keep in mind when we make of that seen candidate and thats what we have to make keep in mind all the time when you hear news these are candidates you dont know you have a vaccine and the avalon very often we have protect the vaccines they protect but we dont know why we thought maybe it would be at the body so called neutralizing antibodies then im glad we. They didnt give it the virus but when the end comes that often is we have no correlate all the most common correlation is we dont know and so the but theres 2 types of what we call the adaptive immune response which classical back scenes involve one of of the lymphocyte called the piece of they make antibodies and then t. Cells a different kind of lymphocyte as you know they help by doing a variety of things including releasing molecules there are regulatory in nature that do things that can inhibit the virus but they also have in in the group of t. Cells are killer t. Cells and they will kill virus infected cells and if you have enough of them and if they can hit the variation of the virus as the viruses mutate then you can have a very effective that scene because they likely will be more durable and the outer group showed that those t. Cells are more durable of course those in oxford and those working on other vaccines are going the big multinational Big Pharma Companies all saying. We are some way off yet until we get that vaccine youve suggested something so cheap so ubiquitous not perhaps in some developing countries despite there or you may quickly yes yes i have the oral polio vaccine not limited to that in theory because there are others that have been shown that have been shown effective in preventing other viral diseases michigan of the polish or the q the thats right now its a tablet without sugar so it is they dont want to get obesity right. But the but an 80 vaccine doesnt have to be oral but it has to be lived like an attenuated so as not to cause disease has been shown to protect across the board when it was 1st described in singapore and in russia it was referred to as interference virus interfering with another virus in really right at that time came the discovery of interference with. I think so got its name from that and interfering is part of this immune response its called in native unity its what invertebrates have and the only thing they have is an Immediate Response its within hours not days weeks or months and its highly effective at hitting them a wide variety of infectious agents with measles with b c g p c ds not i dont think its effective and cost too much and you have to inject it. In is not as available but the oral polio vaccine look at prevented flu in russia and in singapore better than the flu vaccines did in the 1970 s. Discovered by that human core family then and look this is as safe as anything and anybody who or why do you think i mean isnt there i mean theres obviously money to be made out of a much more complex molecular and alice s a how to a combat coronavirus is it a money thing because this is not something you can make money out of because youve really said that Something Like that could at least enable people to get back to work or has that ended the on that hasnt because of the edward infection risk i really dont know weve received a lot of enthusiasm when i presented my readers edited for the committee that n h organize the socalled work Speed Committee and the Scientific Advisory group you know i can only tell you very positive when we were site visit by a group from an age 14 people who are very excited when i talk to barbara feel the c. D. C. Very very positive enthusiastic doctor a few days ago still is the one to get funding from an agency ended didnt get funded for Clinical Trial so we turned to the u. S. Army and a collaboration with a group in actually in london for delivered infection not with the sars to but with the the seasonal coronaviruses which should not cause any harm they would cause the common cold and the flu once again and deliberately show upon infection that we could prevent that to get the noise built up again i a mean everybody agrees that we. Enthusiasm its cheap 0. 15 its a pill its available its so feasible its safe and when people are brought up well see it is that the other weve been able to easily counter it there is no problem with safety the government here came on a criticism for confusing the coronavirus in the 1st place with seasonal flu in terms of its reaction to it youre sure youre not confusing polio with corona virus no of course not well i mean come on it has people will be surprised when some experience you know any of the 75 viruses where you are from such you know you are actually fighting for your offices are said to achieve so i think offices have a temper that you might just have to explain perhaps if you see how it actually happened actually where it calio virus protects against polio of course thats by your classic vaccines of adaptive immune response which takes some weeks you get antibodies some you know you get the maybe longer to get the right antibodies your t. Cell response and its the civic for the virus in question what happens is we have sensors in our cells for any form r. N. A. Or d. N. A. When you see the foreigner in a you react immediately and you set up cytokines like interferon and other cells that are called in k. T. Cells other killer t. Cells that dont require the depth of immune response that gives the sophists and they just say react now protect the enemies at the gate weve got to swallow it it is said right now that the vets who live with coronaviruses do so mainly if not solely through the innate immune system it is known that interferon is really hits hard this particular virus it is known that viruses have you know minimal Genetic Information they dont like to give any of it up but the coronaviruses in this case are astute this pandemic virus has given up some of this Genetic Information just to avoid d. N. A. To me in system so the innate immune system is an. Regency response that crosses various viruses we are pretty confident it would get a 6 months of emissions i do think it might get us out closer to a year i cant promise that but what youre struck the data strongly suggest you can get several months out of this and be available for the 4 are where with the flu vaccine it could also be greatly helpful for influenza well we can devote a whole program to your work on h ive even i think i can hear on the show i got to ask you just one quick question i mean 14000000 according to the un aids and geo saying 40000000 have a chevy and 2019. Why is it that there are 40000000 people far more than with coronavirus currently living with a shiny because they dont have enough education thats convincing enough people that are hard to reach whether it be africanamerican or Hispanic Community for example in the United States or whether it be some other parts of the world obviously and especially parts of africa. Its the it requires an enormous amount of medical Health Education we in our institute in baltimore and its the majority a part of the university of Maryland School of medicine are in 8 different african countries we would be in none if it wasnt for the former president bush creating the president s Emergency Program for its relief so its a function of inequality not medical science. Thats right yes of course we have this group in baltimore that we can never reach and it goes on and on the matter what we do even with clinics in the outlying areas so its a trouble of education its a problem of reaching families its a problem that at stations of these causes and having more people. To help in this medically. Dr alex thank you ok youre very welcome after the break what actually was in the long delayed russia report now released by the intelligence and Security Committee of the British Parliament we often the daily mails consultant editor at jupiter and vic an area in the coal mine for the future of free speech ahead of the anniversary of the publishing of the afghan war logs which revealed evidence of us war crimes well ask a question i go on Vivienne Westwood if theres any hope for the worlds most famous publisher Julian Assange only a small coming over but 2 off going underground. Ah no team no crowd. No shots. Actually well to be. Dragged no 1st. Point should your thirst for action. According to even fox news trying is like going to the polls is this because joe biden is such a brilliant candidate or because the harmony consensus that tend to make has been badly handled by the president still another the trump brand is a populist in 2016 is he governed as one. Welcome back in the past 24 hours the socalled russia report has been released by the British Intelligence and Security Committee and while the biggest target of the report appears to be the u. K. Government and Intelligence Services some journalists children see any smoking gun that implicates u. K. Prime minister bars johnson one of those the daily mail consultant as a 100 piers he joins me now via skype from london or thanks so much for coming back on so less of there being no smoking gun as theyre not looking for smoking guns probably well i mean this was this was and if you just talked to some labor m. P. s at all the election when this report was actually suppressed 5 or johnson they thought there was obviously enough in there that could potentially bring him down it was in a pretty do and glue it was going to show that russian intelligence conspired with him to get grex it done as you know i voted for greg i have to tell you i wasnt persuaded by anybody in russia it would be moscow just have my Great British in stay do whatever i tell you surely know but its Forrest Johnson did suppress the report and he said clearly when he presumably read it that there is no evidence of meddling for any elections whatsoever so well is this just criticism of one why did he want to suppress it that theres another series to be up to go back to the report the Intelligence Report that suggests that there was russian attempts to interfere in the Scottish Referendum that when scotland voted to remain in parts of the United Kingdom something i was very pleased about and they said as for the Referendum Committee said there wasnt enough effort by Boris Johnsons reason may to try and establish the pair was any and spits rusty so its not a completely invalid help if sense that there was a lot of frustration in the Intelligence Community that they couldnt find anything more substantial than that one reason one theory why they wouldnt publish the report soon enough for 10. They hated it with a vengeance the chairman and the man who dominic greet was the attorney general last september he was one of those trends you were on the orient gays were kicked out of by bars johnson because they kept rocking the boat and they didnt want to give you news day in giving that give him his 15 minutes of fame as borehole might say not least because equal and to run as an independent against the tory cancer in the december general election thats just one siri another theory is he just couldnt recall that the president had his julian lewis and the way theyre all talking about the report afterwards at the press conference they exaggerated presenters on this channel didnt mention our actual name but they in the report they seem to be saying m i 5 initially provided just 6 lines of text why this antagonism between the Intelligence Services intelligence and Security Committee and m i 5 that is after all of us were protecting as the job of that committee is to give an independent oversight in some of the activities of the Intelligence Services m i 5 and m i 6 cs way and so theres also an uncomfortable relationship between them because they dont always agree with whats going on we dont know a lot whats going on because as you would have seen that box im sure you read it from up the other kind of the rest of it was a lot of it was redacted so they are privy to lots of intelligence secrets that we will never know about so has always been and of course you know this is coming as the new germany is not the chairman numbered sundowns or do they want it Chris Grayling the former tribes who were just the secretary known universe against failing grade as he was a minister in the internal politics i thought that i was going to read about. If you believe the manichean the evil Russian Oligarch riri their names in this report the only Political Party donor i could see was aaron banks in. You mention breck said were going on with that why no russian names wages are in banks it wasnt just that the report also criticizes the house of lords where they point out is a number of members of the suit got extensive business interests in russia with russian businessmen and women but it doesnt name them and i could name them one or 2 of them im so i think i would sooner i thought they were talking about and as you say any person name is out banks who was accused by his many enemies of being perhaps even in receipt of money from russia questionis systems he was a footnote in the report and they found absolutely no evidence