A target in wilson scottish martyrs for some of our strategic onslaught lookup was also the target of the cattle street conspiracy at that time but you know most members of Parliament Making the 1st speech in the house of commons the latakia but the dream is wirelessly the lovely countryside the dhoti people of the constituency that not many people to the fair to the repression and massacre of well part of this is trying to court the radical memory in what is a sport perhaps inspired me for the book because it became quite clear that after the 820 writing there was a concerted effort by this stablish mint to the Court History as they saw it because after all all history is recorded to some extent by the victors and scotland hasnt been afford an invading army its been a lot and ladies and the radicals saw streets going down into the one of those to frederick to Princes Street or whatever they saw statues to wellington to nelson and to others the lords and ladies the desperate henry didnt pass and the. Theres an enemy the some advantages also having a. Mental regnum between your peers just the set transco on the member of the Scottish Parliament and newly elected as a member of the Westminster Party youve written 7 booths all of which of a constant theme in scotland radical history of boulder fee of jimmy reed and no this latest book is scotlands radical history between the the pulled on it wards and the 820. 00 rising which is just a fact of why did you choose that period fielitz but glasgow 1900 boot was inspired partly by those who conspired jim you didnt the right of lay claim to say but do not inception became quite clear scotland tried to call routes went far beyond the way like youre working your way but went back to 17 nineties into thomas viewed it became quite clear that thomas butin speired those who fought in rows and 820 thomas moore was the the radical of the early seventys ninetys who famously was transported to to a still year became the the worlds most wanted man as he was hunted grown the globe by the british ended up in revolutionary france was was plotting an invasion of scotland another radical rising one unfortunately he died a very calamitous heroic figure and of course as you point the people cope with all the station in edinburgh as a monument you cant mess and cant cemetery that is published it was about thomas meudon the other scottish martyrs ironically 3 of the 5 of whom were english i think a lot of people of scotland dont realise that we fought together albeit distinctively and scotland but thomas obl asc and i think that sure is partly why ive written this book because i read an article from stiliyan academic that pointed out the difficulties in even picking that mark memorial up because after 828 when all these statues to lords and ladies and the greater good of the budgeting British Empire were going up there was a desire. The court of radical past that was being written out so they decided to try and put the obvious can top of cotton hill in edinburgh that would be invisible to all and sundry in the tory council objected the portland cult and cemetery and some of the tories litigated because they thought this would disturb the peace of the dead including obviously humans mausoleum thats within the same cemetery but they were overcome that and thats why it was unveiled in the early forties to show that there was a different history to the statues to the lords and ladies but isnt that 70 itself and occasionally of to scotlands because of not bob but within yards of the mule and the other friends of the people those david humes muslim as you rightly say you are youd have to disclose david hume one of the fathers of the enlightenment as the as the radical in the sense that he wanted to see uprisings are against the established authority well i dont think its either or i think its both i think its right that we should have statues as well as the most ileum to david hume but i also think we should record radical poster in the radical memory and sadly Scottish History has tended to focus upon some of the romantic aspects of bonnie prince charlie and maybe queen of scots and its not focused on those that were driving forward the history of a better scotland because after the 820 those who were executed but youd been transported to came by the evil revered feted by the chartists. Hard in the fledgling Labor Movement marx tobias included had been used in 1820. 00 rising of scotland feet on a desert that followed on to the red clay inside us thats why as were seeing eliot the radical roots of scotland dont just go back through jimmy reed to replace 8 they go back to thomas moore and to that time when the french revolution ignited the working people of scotland who saw for the 1st time that there was another we that it wasnt just a Promised Land and havent that there could be a different we here on the earth how do you reconcile the figures of the late many of whom like adam Smith David Hume. Came from humble upbringing but the patronage of the of the establishment of the lords and ladies often doesnt happen in the the working class radical that the skilled tradesmen who have the the cabin often supported of course by the radical lawyers like yourself is that the latent scotland fitted in the great figures many of whom came from very humble origins or they did then they continued to come through the even through the British Empire people who wait to broaden their great works came from very humble backgrounds but i think what we saw as we moved out of the enlightenment in the 18th century we saw the beginnings of the rise of the Industrial Age and thats why Manufacturing Processes were coming in more perhaps in england in mind chest in london than in scotland but the weaving industry was taking off and it was changing and long before the the miners became the backbone of the scottish Labor Movement it was the weavers they were after zines they didnt consider themselves as perhaps as what king man but they were educated they were literate these were people who saw that the french revolution offered a different way so they were of the working class made good they didnt have the patronage of the lords and ladies and indeed they wanted to challenge them so i think that history runs in pollo the problem scotland is weve tended to ignore them and concentrate on the lords and ladies but the very few people know who. I would think would have weve been dust the toting figure of. The prime ministership of the younger run scotland for put the younger was the last the westminster politician to be teached and incidently for mafia since in the levy he was accused of but the wealthy people would regard their history. As the be all and end all but a lot of people would argue the terms of impact on humanity the latent figures for more impact than the working class. Like lakeview bailed them hard defeated 20 as their legacy really had that sort of that you could claim for adam smith from the wealth of nations or the moral philosophy of the would you or i think recording the enlightenment as. Is necessary and vital i dont necessarily think that henry didnt dast or king had any he was a despotic figure and indeed i think his contribution to the British Empire was shameful in many ways given that people spawned action being taken against slavery he basically ran scotland as a despot tvs and control of Something Like 410 to 43 tory m. P. s at one stage in scotland he ran it as an oligarchy on behalf of. Sometimes i look at the names of the rich landlords that he represented and i look at the house of lords and they want to ship of land in scotland and i wonder whats changed after all these years so i think in a different category than i would for example you know im Smith David Hume and its the people that challenge the dice that need to be recorded thats why the bicentenary of the 820 rising when the henry didnt dass were taken on is so important because das and his nephew the lord advocate also sought the dash robert and asked were shameful going back to the massacre to meant you read the state archives they knew it was a military trial city they covered it up the only person to be prosecuted were in fact a magazine that ran a letter from one of the victims would do it or would do and who told 4 top and and they were sued for defamation but one of the military. Officers involved so they knew what had happened they covered it up and that was why they were building got a sense all across Central Scotland because they knew that the people of scotland didnt as we know you see in terms of hornblower and chopped if you francis the enemy the and 7094 as with thomas you saw france as an opportunity for working people ordinary people. Control of the room ladies and destiny but will it be the case that people like the 1820 year after they were appealing to working class people across britain as they put it in the proclamation case that we were actually looking perhaps as the labor party has done looking for for a change across these islands as opposed to seeing scotland as a distinct entity i think its both i mean scotland was a distinct entity scotland was a different country different laws different chuch even the language was significantly different people were all spoke english and who lived in their own world because transport and mass media hadnt come along but said what they were fighting for was universal franchise which was based at westminster because lets remember that the franchise in the seventys ninetys in scotland was available to 4000 people it was reckoned that half of them were fictitious and this was a country that had a population approaching 2000000 this wasnt a democracy it was an oligarchy of landlords or graham story of the lection the. Fantastic story of the constituency then as you move the drug to scotland busa d butte ross and cromarty which extended dont east coast of scotland where there was an election and the election was to take place in ross in the aisle of butte because of bad weather that was only one candidate on the island and he turned dont not only to be the only candidate but the only voter and without any sense of shame of irony he normally to themself he then 2nd himself in a different capacity being a local bartley he voted for himself he then had themselves declared the winner by the sheriff and off he went to waste minister that was democracy in the 1790s i think probably what will see today is his silence and has helped probably sitting in the house of lords get a look at school thank you very much thank you. Scoldings tragical history could fill many volumes and by the saying of it Kenny Macaskill may yet contribute a few more join us after the big weeping the story of politics of radical scotland buying up to date will see that. Time after time corporations repeat the same mantra sustainability its very important its accelerating transition sustainable transport sustainability stay number man at a more equitable and sustainable well. They claim their production is completely hamas. It does not the Companies Want us to feel good about buying their products while the damage is being done far away and this is something this must be done to anyone and i mean look. This is the moon and you mustnt be doing to me man im stung seemed to be understood so when. Do you believe in miracles it would seem democrats do after the job id be surged on super tuesday for them the fear of the Bernie Sanders candidate see may now be contained however this is far from over taking on trump no easy task. Were feeding our hopes our dreams our desires our money to compete this creates a war do we get back to no i like it thats thats a bad deal so when is technology jumping out of this week when is that going to be helping me to keep you healthy to keep me informed or to keep me you know you connected and i missed it so we will live in an area of the post screen area where we will live with less at all these screens and it will be more in harmony or it will help us with. The question as well as ben what do you do with a Global Economy that relies on just in time to live array of parts and Services Mostly from play wage china is interrupted by a Global Pandemic and cant be overcome with more money printing thats the big question. When. Im back off the name p. K. Mccaskill has released a bit on scotlands radical political history but to other radicals not in scottish politics and rugby winning or losing alex turns to someone who is both a libra kind sir and then and i simply am p. Economist and columnist george ketchup and. Just get over the far lower lip of this love for law school its national be associated with love a lot of left of Center Left Wing groups through the last generation of scottish politics what do you think of the scandal macaskill thesis of the us or radical thread running through scottish politics over the last couple of centuries how alex and thanks for having me back and yes you remind me you and i have been through a few organizations together on the radical left candidate can recast is doing as a Great Service i dont know where he finds the time but hes churning out these books and what hes doing hes recovered a whole a whole red line of history radical history its called and go way back several 100 years a line that right down to the present day did can you just been elected to westminster from from radical the slogan and hope we still find the time to go on writing so thats our various tables through the last couple 100 years that radical forces of coalesced behave in the either a Movement Like the flames of the people or the 820 rise at a Political Party in the 20th century like the independent labor party and though the the s. And p. How credible is that argument i think when theres theres a kind of religious tradition we call it began socially and in religious communities where people may every week and they discussed the bible and they discussed it and it was the Old Testament where the kings of israel were held to account if they didnt to do right by the people and by morality and i think that that tradition. Is deeply beauty in Scottish History and even more than it is looking more days the revival of nationalism in scotland and a radical left in scotland actually began in the 1960 s. It began with the the Folk Music Movement and people marching against against Nuclear Missiles were in the client and recovering their old. Theyre old folk songs and putting new lyrics on to them and that then morphed into opposition to the then labor government and that led to the the occupation at a quite shipbuilders and in opposition in 1000 seventies to the turn of mass unemployment now or all of this traditionally was from below and its quite often the case is the politicians who have to react to the people rather than the other way around and the healthiest movements and parties but not the most powerful person live money is to unite the Labor Movement with the National Question has that been the the secret of various statements different parties different forces coming to preeminence as scholars politics we just had a general election and in scotland the left party its gained Something Like 2 thirds of the popular vote in the rest of europe the left wing parties collectively in any election are lucky if they get up to 45 percent so theres a deep movement and once what i think puts called ahead of the game rest of europe is the combination of a revulsion at her stare t. Combined with a desire for our independence for scotland to take back its ancient wait of of selfdetermination so youre absolutely right when the 2 come together was supposed to say not only that theyre morally outraged but it want to do something about it by taking back control to current point of phrase and run their own affairs then politics becomes polluted north of the border but what about the other scotland in the in the times that kerry mccaskills writing about than the pully early period the time robert burns of course is the great radical people spoil it for the 1820 year rising theres another scotland the scotland who are firmly attached to the the the state of the United Kingdom for firmly in charge it has to be said of scotland and even the present that the 2nd party of scotland is no longer the labor. But the conservative party were foremost a quarter of the vote is a another scholar who likes to equate content with the state of the later kingdom and its nature of its politics even with black certain barely examples how does the radical forces of the National Movement reach out to that scotland of the beyond the pale well i mean the great radical poor human dermod. One of the founders of the s. N. P. And when he used to talk about used to write about this these these 2 halves of the scottish psyche that we are we are radicals on the one hand when we act collectively out of some more out ridge but as individuals we can be quite doer and conservative and when we dont see a way forward we tend to get very very candid inward looking and that leads to conservative politics i think some of also goes back to the fact that when when when when the act of Union Happened 7 of 7 when scotland joint joined in with the rest of you key rather against his will part of the deal was that much of scott was left in the hands of a very narrow conservative establishment and whenever they get in control they tend to support the status quo so look back to as recently as 1955 general asian majority a majority of scots voted tory which you would think unusual from todays perspective but that usually reflects a p. D. Of questions when where one individual scots are demoralized dont know where to go politically and then they suddenly they wake up and they get angry there are these 2 schools but what always dominates in the end is this this radical sense of fairness and Justice Social justice and that always triumphs i think in the end but how could tell the struggles of radical politics in scotland with the electoral preeminence of the s. N. P. Are they quite happy with that or are some people walking for stronger policies in terms of the radical position theres a beautiful stream. I mean ive heard most will talk about you know looking back to the 1920 s. Where after the great light side which Kenny Macaskill wrote about very very eloquently the independent labor party 0 pm piece and elected on the back of the Great Movement and red cloud side after the 1st world war and when they way down to westminster when they distanced bruce themselves to making speeches they made a nuisance of themselves they were raged they were stuck in a chamber that was unwilling to do anything about mass unemployment and mass hunger was a feeling up here that now today in scotland. Maybe maybe the maybe the kind of anger that the the red clay site has showed that we need that anger back again in the in the chambers both at holyrood in westminster. Degrading politics of feminism in that these forces part of this great radical coalition and thats the arc of that great radical caution hold together i think the coalition has to hang together as a hang separately to remember an old phrase there are new forces in play and i i was out of Mass Assembly the other week called by an Organization Called all the one banner which is the organization has been organizing the mass demonstrations that weve seen in scotland over the last. 18 months the biggest demonstrations i have seen in my lifetime calling for independence and that the this this assembly which had delegates from all across colton there was a lot of talk about what we need to bring together the movement against Climate Change with the movement for independence because weve got one weve only got one nation we want to go one earth and only people are going to look after scotlands environment are the scots and selves and for that they need to have independence so theres a very clear understanding in the movement that it has to be asked to act together and theres lots of discussion going on at the moment that maybe the time has come for the different organizations in the movement or under one banner well. The Independence Foundation and all the all the local yes groups which i know very prominent theres a hunger and feeling that they need to come together in some way and organize themselves separately from the elected politicians in the various chambers and we need to move beyond talk to action or you make the point about these great huge demonstrations taking place in scotland but often lead this in to be taken place not with the sanction of the s. N. P. Leadership but many in the s. N. P. Leadership are some at least a little bit leery of these demonstrations are not quite sure if its the right thing to do as strongly example of a Grassroots Movement uprising or sort where well fight the big out of your eyes by a fish a leadership is that a good thing or a bad thing. Well its a good thing in the sense that nobody is you know nobody is sitting in front of the telly waiting for some elected member im allowed to post in to tell them what to do the ordinary working class courts are getting out there not just you know once a year but theyre getting out there month after month after month demonstrating last year we had a whole bunch of demonstrations 200000. 00 people marching flags waving through red next big demonstration is in april in our booth. Commemorating the declaration of arbroath which is really the kind of written foundation of scotlands demand for nationhood or on the basis the april the 6th declaration of theft and 20 the declaration of arbroath some people argue is the the fasted none see a ship of the the concept of popular sovereignty or scottish days to the right of the community of the realm to take action you positive are you confident that the community of the realm of scotland is going to find this way forward well and to go back to that very very incidents you know go to impact into 13 to. Anti i mean the declaration of our both as it was written by by the barons by the norman barons but the whole initial Scottish Independence movement was a veritable prison uprising it was political it was from below just the the big barons took advantage of it so the scores were burnt 2 of them have been you know have been a people who are certain from below their right to be a nation were still fighting and i think will go on fighting until that nation is reestablished hopefully soon the my old professor geoffrey bottle told me once a long time ago that the key phrase of the declaration is the community of elves a good job scalable is the community of the red he was scotland you think its unfair in seattle to progress its because you know you are what were off our knees and were fighting yes hope to see everyone watching our breath thank you it was george when one thinks of the history of radical scotland one thinks of the brave part tales of prison wallace done to the bad quite status of the 1920 s. And thirtys Kenny Macaskill argues that there is a thread running through Scottish History and the history of radicalism and scottish nationalism i deeply intertwined from the friends of the people to the early Labor Movement in scotland all had home rule at the top of their masjid and i scotlands modern swing to radicalism faces the equally triumphant english populism of partition johnson and the brick city or however with the s. N. P. Now electorally dominant over the country i todays radical forces fully comfortable under that independence banner or are they restless for a more radical approach and what of the other scotland the one which is deuce and conservative could some of their still substantial numbers except Scottish Independence but fear politics of the left in the ability to reconcile these forces lies a feature of the nation. Next week we tell the story of a mark couple trying was too short to fade 20 years ago when she was captured by the taliban alex speaks to bournemouth lee and feinstein what shes doing but for now from alex myself and all of the show its good bye i mean hope to see you there thank. God thank. You. And there are not ones out to kill him off limbs off let down one might have been a tough the definition is enough im back and the next one seeking out a new south. Take in the not equal city in the south just intimate with docs to give them an onion get ready for it. Now is a kind. Of. Movie it might not be. Good if you know what that beach yeah he sounds out. Into the mist just kill him if one means a leftist i know be deep but not him he said this now tokyo find it hes going to happen to go back to. His work was because did a piece against him call cultural pretty high on the premise. It was all trying to be all. So yeah. L. O l. O please. Get solutions out of to food. Clothing. Why do we go to war because. The key to Economic Growth is oil and energy we go to war is Vice President cheney said for the oil thats why they invaded iraq for the oil thats why trump says the one thing we want syria we really dont want to go to war with russia we want to just control the oil. And the gas lines and the pipelines through afghanistan so the military is really an extension of controlling a world of energy and oil. A ceasefire comes into effect in syrias hours of crisis talks between russia and turkey yield a temporary peace for the war torn province. On the northwest frontier of turkey a dispute with greece over refugees deepens as tens of thousands of Asylum Seekers attempt to cross into the e. U. Those who have made it through are being rounded up and deported are reports on the ground there elsewhere tonight. This is a truly worth taking action. On account of political history to show masquerading as a legal body. Americas top diplomat launches a scathing attack against the International Criminal court after it gives the green