hours to go. >> now, we have to see wha comes of the negotiations that ar going . hopefully it will reach the level that we need in order to pass both of them. but we will pass both bills. >> the question now is whether progressives will still work to defeat the infrastructure bill. congresswoman pramila jayapal, chair of the progressive congress caucus, says she believ somewhere around 60 members were willing to vote no. remember, progrsives wanted a vote on the social spending package first and they threatened to tank any infrastructure vote unless that happened. but the issue with that sweeping package remains the $3.5 illion price tnd opsition fromwo demratic setors. it'so rpriseth, that th j manch and ksten sine are bh inved to t whit hou today as legistion that wld beignifint achiement for thi president hangs i t lance. this demratic stalemate persists even as coness also faces dn a potential government shutdown and an unprecedented default on the nation's debt. senate republicans blocked a house bill that would have funded the government and suspended the debt limit. in a letter to congress, secretary janet yellen warned congress to act soon and not wait until the 11th hour. she wrote this, quote, waiting until the last minute can cause serious harm to consumer and business confidence, raise borrowing costs for taxpayers and negatively impact the credit rating of the united states for years to come. that is where we start this hour. joining us are nbc news correspondent lee ann kald well, shannon pettypiece and white hous reporter eugene daniel. let's start with this strategy shift frompeaker pepelosi, her decision to muscle ahead with the infrastructure bill without the spending bill in tow, which is a pledge she made this summer, to pass both at the same time. help us to understand why and is there any sign that she'll be able to bring her party together in time for thursday's vote? >> reporter: jeff, so speaker pelosi's explanation is that she made a commitment to the moderates to hold a vote on this bipartisan infrastructure bill the week of september 27th. so she has to maintain that commitment. but there is some politics that are involved here, too. speaker pelosi is well aware that president biden needs a win, he needs a win in his agenda, he needs something to help him with voters and he knows that -- she knows that this bipartisan infrastructure bill will do just that. but the problem is, does she actually have the votes to pass this bipartisan infrastructure bill, especially, as you mentioned in your lead, that progressives are balking. progressives still want a vote on this multi-trillion-dollar reconciliation bill that's not a bill yet. it's not a thing at all yet. and there is no time for that to happen. that's something that speaker pelosi has outlined to her caucus. she did it behind closed doors last night, and she's done it now publicly to the press. now, the progressives are starting to soften their stance just a little bit. istead of perhaps a vote before thursday, now they're saying they need some sort of commitment, and that is what speaker pelosi is saying that she is trying to get, and she is now putting the onus on president biden to take the lead in these negotiations. she just sent a letter to her colleague saying that this is in president biden's hands, to find out what senator sinema and senator manchin are willing to spend and what they want in these pieces of legislation, because she says until they get that, it's very difficult on how to know how to move forward. the bipartisan irastructure bill is on the line until they get that, jeff. >> yeah. and on that point, shannon, we know that president biden m today with senator sinema. he's going toeet with senator manchin separately this afternoon. by my count this is the third time in as many weeks as these two democrats areoing to the white house to discuss the present's agenda. we know tt democrats in the house want to hear from these two docrats in the senate. how is president biden going to get some clarity from these two senators? >> well, and you mentioned the house. i will say theresident also talked last night to pelosi and schumer to talk about what they can do to get everyone on the same page here. it's interesting when you talk about the different relationships between the parties and the white house. joe manchin has been no stranger to this white house since the early days of this administration. there's been no shortage of phe calls and outreach to senator manchin as well as senator sinema. those two figures have been on this white house's radar really strongly. what hasn't been as strong on the white house radar is those two progressives they are taung -- talking about. they don't necessarily need them toelp fundraise. they're looking beyd hou speaker pelosi wh we talkbout thrding the needle, you see schumer a pe pelosi the president see himse as a honest broker here, as a middle man who can bring these sid together, but they acknowledge that they are not naive and the president is not nai about what difficult task there is ahead, what moving pieces there are and that this is something big. the white house says when you want to do big ings, it's difficult, it takes hard work they're not discouraged, though, they're going to keep pushing. ere was a little slippage from the president on the timeline yesterday. i know nancy pelosi was mentioning end of the week. the president kind of hinted, maybe not the end of the week. as long as we're all still talking, that will be good enough for him. >> when you hear democrats say they could be more involved here, my takeaway is legislating is messy, we're in the thick of it, and there is this overriding sense that these infrastructure bills, the overriding infrastructure bill and the human bill, are democrats assuming that at the end of the day we won't take this thing? >> the power of washington, d.c. has the ability to do these two things they promised the american people that they would do. but like everyone has been saying, people on capitol hill are wondering, they're waiting for president biden to put his thumb on this, still. do you want this don by thursday? howmportant is this to you other than saying pass my entire agenda. they want to see more work and they want to see more public support of different things. where does he stand on, you know, making the reconciliation bill stronger or bigger? what needs to go in, what needs to come out? those are questions people have of this white house. outside of this white house, i think there is a hope that, no, there is no one on capitol hill who else a democrat who wants at that take president biden's agenda. however, they didn't think it would be this hard. you talk about legislation being so messy, there were moments where it looked like we were kind of sailing into september, october and wrapping this up until joe manchin wrotend started talking about strategic pause. then you started to see the wheels fall off. you saw moderates kind of saying what they wanted little bit more, and that has thrown a wrench into a lotf concerns and questions about both of these bills moving in tandem. >> lee ann, what about that? based on your reporting, why haven't manchin and sinema been more transparent about what they want to see in this reconciliation bill? here we are the end of september, and you have democraticeadership saying, we need to know where they stand. >> reporter: well, senator manchin and senator sinema are actually two different case points. senator sinema argues she is being very clear, just not with the press. but the problem with her clarity, still, we are told, is that she is not getting a top lying number, and someone close to her told me she doesn't believe in arbitrary red lines and she refuses to give one. and that's where she's coming from. so the number -- the top line number to her is less important. what is most important to her is climate change proposal. if this bill is to be scaled back, which it is likely going to be, she wants the climate change proposals first and foremost. senator manchin is a whole other situation. he's being vague in part because he doesn't want this bill to pass now. he has said over and over again that there is no rush, it's not necessary, and he told me yesterday that he has concerns about the country moving to an entitlement mentality with this legislation. and in large part, he just isn't on board with this yet. there are two different pressure points that you have to put on these members separately. they are not a monolith, jeff. >> lee ann, let's talk about the looming shutdown and the government fight. texas senator ted cruz says he's willing to step in and block schumer's attempt to raise the debt ceiling for something called unanimous consent. we're going straight into the legislative weeds here, lee ann. what's happening here? >> i'm getting out my senate rule book here. it takes 60 votes for the debt limit increase to pass the senate. what senator schumer is about to do on the senate floor in the next hour is ask for unanimous consent for support of all 100 senators to allow the debt limit to pass with just a simple majority. what that means is that would fulfill what republican demands are, that they want to have no part in increasing the debt limit that will allow democrats to do it on their own, but we already know that senator ted cruz and other senators, they won't allow it. they are going to block that attempt of senator schumer, so he will still need the 60 votes, which would need 10 republicans that republicans are not going to give them. so they have to figure out how to move forward, and it's interesting, because the house democrats and senate democrats are not exactly on the same page on how to move past this upcoming crisis, jeff. >> eugene,hat's your reaction to this? because mitch mcconnell, the minority leader, said i democrats want to raise the debt limit, they have to do it on their own. so chuck schumer says, we found way to do th, here's this workaround. in the senate you can do anything by consent. we'll do it this way. th senator ted cruz says, not so fast. m going to block things. you won't be able to use that avenue to reach the debt limit. this speaks to how republicans are tacessly ruthless in the way senate democrats are not. >> this is all about politics, right, not so much the policy or th debt limit. i think that is the biggest thing here, is that first and foremost it's not as if republicans have not been in power when the debt limit has needed to be increased, you know, the debt ceiling has needed to be raised. that has happened, they have voted for it. democrats have been on their side in doing this. mitch mcconnell has said over and over about how when he was majority leader, america cannot default on our debt, how detrimental it will be to the economy. but that doesn't mean even now him saying, if you can figure out a way to do it on your own, the rest of his party is not on board. so you have these people like ted cruz, i assume there are other 2020 hopefuls in there who arethinking about their base, right? their base is not interested in them going along with anything. they want tsee them vote no, they want to see them be stern. some of this is from the trump years, right? some of this is from the double down, be as tough as you can, beat your opponent, not so much about compromise. that part of the party is rearing itsead over and over and over again, and now it seems like it's going to be almost impossible f democrats to not have to use reconciliation to do something with the debt limit. i'm not sure how you get past the ted cruz of not allowing it to get to unanimous consent, and most importantly, needing those ten republicans. i don't know what ten republicans in the senate are going to go on board with this. >> if the country does default on its debt, it's not democrats defaulting, it's the united states of america defaulting on its debt and all of us paying the cost of that. thank you all for being with us. as we shift the focus back to infrastructure is senator gottlieb of pennsylvania. thank you for being back with us. >> sure thing. >> i want to start with this because the house speaker is doing what you wanted her to do, bringing up the bipartisan bill first. how will ts progress? >> i would say the country is in the driver's seat because this is somhing democrats and republicans have come together around getting a bipartisan bill that came out of the senate with 64 votes in august. as you know, nobody is better than speaker nancy pelosi at bringing peopleogether here, uniting people. now the party is going to be united on thursday. we'll vote for the infrastructure bill, get it passed and get shovels on the ground. there is a lotn the line, resources to fight, climate change, building bridges, tunnels and roads is very important for me in new jersey, so the momentum is building. >> there is a vast gap between your optimism and the vote count. you have the congresswoman jayapal, chair of the progressive caucus. she says dozens of her members are prepared to vote no on infrastructure without agreement of reconciliation first. even without gop support, that doesn't get you to the majority that you need. what's you count? what giving you this sense of optimism? >> because i belve at the end of the day, especially how critically important this is to the president's agenda, not just to the country, the fact is we need t get this done. when this comes to the floor, and the speaker brings it to the floor, the votes will be there. i think it would be very hard to press the no button on hard-working men and women labor jobs and fighting climate change and fixing our roads and our bridges and o tunnels. i just don't believe when you have the largest infrastructure package in a century sitting there waiting for action that folks will vote no. listen, i understand the people's consternation and working so hard to also get a reconciliation package done, working around the clock to me that happen. i'm completely committed to what's in there, reinstuting child care, and the important thing is we have a bill that the country needs. we just had hurricane ida hit us in new jersey so hard, how do you vote against that? that's why i believe ultimately when the speaker brings it to the floor we'll get the votes there. >> there is still a question of where these votes are going to come from. do you have any sense of what your self-professed moderates, manchin and sinema, want to see? manchin has not given a price tag that he's comfortable with. >> i'm uncomfortable speaking for them, but i know everybody is working incredibly hard to get to a good place. that's the whole thing, we're all committed to getting to a reconciliation. i keep saying that because i think it's really important that people understand that we will get there. that said, in the meantime, these are two separate pieces of legislation, and i don't believe a fraction of democrats should vote down a key priority of the president's right now. the country needs the win, people coming together. this is exactly the kind of bipartisan governance the president talked about in his inauguration speech and it ran on. we're going to deliver for the country, we have to, and because the speaker is the best at counting votes and bringing folks together, i have total optimism she'll unite us. we have democrats and republicans voting for this bill on thursday, and we'll keep working and get done a reconciliation package as well. >> i was going to ask you that. are you committed to working on and voting for the reconciliation bill once it's ready, because as you know, the concern among progressives is if the bipartisan infrastructure bill passes, then centrist democrats like yourself would try to shrink the reconciliation bill or just outright kill it. >> part of the what speaker pelosi said, we all voted in august, every single democrat in the house voted to bring the infrastructure bill to the floor this week. that's why we're doing it, debating it and going to vote on it. part of what we also said was we should vote on a reconciliation bill, we can get to agreement between the senate and the house, 50 democrats plus the vice president. it's part of what speaker pelosi also said. i'm going to be supporting reconciliation when it comes over here. i've said things like salt are a critical part of that and fight climate change. those are all critically important, so i'm going to be there. the question right now is can we get everybody to do what we should be doing, which is back in the president's critical part of his legislation on this thursday, support of his bipartisan infrastructure package that had 69 senators behind it, including 50 democrats, everyone from bernie sanders to joe manchin, as well as mitch mcconnell and the 19 republicans, right? it just doesn't make sense to hold one bill hostage for another. these are two separat bills. let's get them done and let's start this week with a gat win forhe country. >> scott gottheimer, democratic senator for new jersey. thank you for joining us. they said they would not try to use reconciliation as a vehicle to raise the debt limit, going back to the conversation we had with shannon, lee ann and eugene. the chairman of the joint committee about a new book in the waning days of the presidency. pfizer ha asked the fda to approve their vaccine for children ages 5 to 11. former president obama in his home city of chicago. n his home city of chicago rethinking how we communicate to be more inclusive than ever. with app, cloud and anywhere workspace solutions, vmware helps companies navigate change. faster. vmware. welcome change. who pays more for prescription drugs than anyone else in the world? americans do. and whose tax dollars does bi same drugs? that's right. our tax doars. it's a big pharma scam. they get rich and we get ripped off. and it's why pharma is spending millions on lies and scare tactics to stop a plan that lets medicare negotiate lower prices. congress, st the big pharma scam. let medicare negotiate lower prices. and there you have it- congress, st the big pharma scam. woah. wireless on the most reliable network nationwide. wow. -big deal! ...we get unlimited for just 30 bucks. sweet, i get that too and mine has 5g included. that's cool, but ours save us serious clam-aroonies. relax people, my wireless is crushing it. that's because you all have xfinity mobile with your internet. it's wireless so good, it keeps one upping itself. we're going tourn our attention now to the other breaking news this afternoon, because today the nation's top military leaders fou themselves surrodedacing a coming barra bore congss. secretary austin, general milley and the chief under the gun today. >> your top military advisors warned you against this timeline. they wanted to keep about 2500 troops. >> no, they didn't. it was split. that isn't true. that isn't true. >> they didt tell you they wanted troops to stay? >> no, not in terms of whether we were going to get out in a time frame, all troops. they didn't argue against that. >> so no one -- your military advisors did not tell you, no, we should just keep 2500 troops. it's been a stable situaon the last several years. we can do that, we can continue to do that. >> no, no one said that to me that i can recall. >> senator, again, i won't share my personal recommendation to the president, but i will give you my honest opinion, and my honest opinion and view shaped my recommendation. i recommended that we keep 2500 soldiers, and in 2020, i maintained we keep 4,000 forces. i also said the withdrawaof those forces would lead to the collapse of th mility and t afghan government. >> what i said in my opening statement and the memoranda i wrote back in the fall of 2020 remained consistent and i do agree with that. >> did you talk to the president about general miller's recommendation? >> sir, i was presenthen that diussion occued, and i'm nfiden that the preside heard a the recommendations and listenedo them very thoughtfully. >> we'll talk more about that in a minute. but general milley also defended himself about the secret calls he made to the chinese during the presidential transition. the revelation about those calls causing some lawmakers to accuse him of overstepping his authority, buthe gener plainshimself. ta a look >> i know, i am certa that prident ump d not iend to attack the chine. and it is myirected responbility and it was my directedesponsility by t secretaryo convey that inten to the chinese. my task at that time w to deescate. on 31 december, the chinese quested fa callith me. people attend tha call with m and it was distributed tohe legislation that se y. shortly aftery cl wh genel lee, i personally informed seetary of state pompeo and chief meadows abo the call, among other topics. >> joing us now are nbc news pentagon statement courtney kube, and retired four-star general and analyst barry mccaffrey. welcome to the three of you. courtney, let's start with that call to the chinese, because general milley said not because of his fears about the attack, but the fears that he thought they might. this pushed back against what were some of the more alarmist interpretations of the book "peril." >> right, and this is what we've been hearing from defense officials since the first excerpts of that book came out. general milley, this call was coordinated with the interagency, that there were other people involved in the call who were awar of , that there was a script involve and it was something planned or weeks. the ting of it, the chinese, actually, are the ones that came guard with seval dates to choose from. general milley chose tm before the january 6 insurrection. so many othe things that people tookut of the scenario laid out in the bob wdward and robert cta book, so many of the things laid out in there neral milley really pushed back on. i think the biggest thing we heard himefense himself against was the idea he was doing thi outside his existing authorities. this i something that he made it very clear was something tha as the chairman the joint chiefs, it's within his role to condt these phone calls with his counterparts. he didn't speak as much about this nuclear process meeting that's also laid out in the woodward book, but he did also fend his role in that and explained that, in fact, he called members of h staff together. they were going through the process. it was in no way him trying to usurp his authority or to ciumvent authority in the civilianontrol of the military. again, this is exactly what we've bee hearing from defense f ofcials,nd whas newere toda is t hea it direcy from genalilley himsel a general mccaffrey, on ghanistan, general milley repeatedly nott's the reonsibilities o generals to make recommdations. they're n the ones who mak the final desions. heaid thereside does not have to takehe aice that the generals give m. that said,oes the white house have to explain this st of -- this gap betwe the recommendaons and they say that ty made versus what president bin says he wa neverold about? >> they pbably have to p it in t reaiew mior as ickly ashey ca i' testied dozens of tim inhe hou and the nate. i thought this was a pretty civil, heahy exchang of views. it actually allowed secretary austin and gener milley t put on the table both written and verbally their own viewpoints. i think there was some shockg statemts made in the sense of general milley personally embraced the nion that it wa a stratic failur but,lo, athe end of e day, tre are t thing tha ar importt. both trump andiden mad legitite conitutiol decisions bas on politics to withdrawompletynd nearly immeatelyrom afghanisn. and, secoly, the doha agreement in whh we excluded our allies to the afgns set e deme of the afghan government. nobody w kw anythg aut ghanisn thought the afghan armyolice forcend gornmentould long surviv pretty good hearin tomorrow wilbe mor of a zoo, i'mre, wit the republicans in the house. this is a pretty civilexchange. >> kevin,icking up on one of the points that general mccaffy de. general mily said today that the afghanistan evacuation missio in his words, was a logistical success but a strategic failure given the enemy is controlled despite a 20-year war. was really striking t hear the chairman of the joint cefs say that in uform und oath. t taking his point, it was a ilure many yrs in the making. at was your iression of that? >> well, i think you're all right to note it. it's probably the most political statemt of all. this is a hearing about whether or not milley is being political. that says something. frankly, secretary austin gave him the leeway to do it in his opener. austin was pretty frank in his ener awell, saying there was a lot to accnt for. ey know theailures o that mission b they just tried to focu on celebrating thetrps, they perform it we,hey did fine i think t bigger pois are austin -- excuse me, are general milley coming out on the record saying that he did - he pushed ck on trump in the fall on this order to withdraw all troops before biden came to office and recomnded 2500 to 4500 then he said there was another review with the biden administration where they laid out several options on the table, finally got us to where we are today. but we have to be really careful to parse these words, because we ep hearing everyone on one side of the panel saying, i'm not going to reveal my recommendation to the president. but here's my opinion of what i thin we should have had. i think they're trying to say those might have been two ver different things, and yes, i think, to your early question, i think it would be helpful if the president will come out flatly and say, here's what they recommended to me and what i decided on. i'm the president. rather than playing this game of, well, we can't reveal it cause that's not our job, even though there is nothing preventing them from revealing what they told the president, opener the president himself. d the president himself saying, all right, this is what they said. in that clip with stephanopolous, he's very specific in saying, well, nobody said that number, or nobody said it in the context of his dese to get out by august 31st. so there is a lot of leeway and ggle room that is probably not helpful to anybody, but man, you heard tom cotton, one of the republicans, zeroing in hard on whether biden is either lying or doesn't remember right, and whether they should agree with the generals and whether the generals' advice should be taken. i don't think it was as clean of a hearing as general mccaffrey thinks. i think therwas a lot of political hotshotting, and there will be more of that tomorrow. >> kevin mentions some of the exchange involving tom cotton. i want to play one betweenom cotton and general milley. tom cotton asks if the general didn't resign if hisdvice wasn't followed this is general milley's response. take a look. >> senator, as a senior military officer, resigning is a reall seris thing. it's a politicalct if i'm resiing in protest. it would be an incredible act o politica defiance for a commissioned officer to just resign because my advice is not taken. this country doesn't want generals figuring out what orders we are going to accept an do or not. in addition t that justrom a rsonal stanoint, my dad didn't get a choice to resn at iwojim and those ks at abbey gate, they don't get a choice to resign, and i'm not going to turn my backn them. >> so resigning wasn' even a choice. tom cotton in the moment didn't seem to have a response to that. general mccaffrey, what's your response to what general milley said? >> i thought it was absolutely magnificent. i've sat in the chairman's office multipl times when 200 phone callsome in insisting that the chairman has to resign. some are comical over, why didn't we send the 101st airborne to invade panama? i think general milleyade a very strong point that basically there is full obedienceo the legal orders of the commander in chief. it's just not on the table. at the same time, what this hearing didn't focus on, and tomoow it probably will, is the end of the trump administration. we had a lawless rogue predent slashing around, threatening the constituti of the united states. in that case we need to debate do we actually want the president of the united states to have sole nuclear authority over the u.s. nuclear response capability? what do we think about the president's abity to use the armed forcesnder the insurrection act to take control of the streets of america? so there's further discussion that is probably legitimate. i think milley is a patriot. 're fortunate he was there, and i thinktoday's hearing was a positive step for the country. >> general barry mack calf rhee, kevin baron and courtney kube, thank you. many refuse to get vaccinated in ohio despite the state's new man date. we'll go live to chicago where we expect to hear soon from former president barack obama as the groundbreaking ceremony for his long-awaited presidential library is getting underway. d presidential library is getting underway -we are here! -for new homeowners, a football game can really bring out the parent in them. it's smart we parked near the exit. -absolutely. -there you go. that w, [whistles] let's put away the parking talk, maybe, for a minute. parking is where the mon is, though. can you imagine what this place pulls in on parking alone? alright, no more talking about parking lots. a lot of these are compact spots. it's not pretty. progressive can't protect you from becoming your parents, but we can protect yo home and auto when you bundle with us. we still planning to head out around the third quarter? let's not talk about aving before we're actually at the game. tonight, i'll be eating a buffalo chicken panini with extra hot sauce. tonight, i'll be eating salmon sushi with a japanese jiggly cheesecake. (doorbell rings) jolly good. fire. (horse neighing) elton: nas? yeah? spare a pound? what? you know, bones, shillings, lolly? lolly? bangers and mash? i'm... i'm sorry? i don't have any money. you don't look broke. elton: my rocket is skint! pfizer is formally asking the fda to approve its vaccine for young americans. pfizer submitted data to the fda from its latest trial in childrenges 5 to 11. it's all unfoing as the company continues to roll out covid vaccine boosters nationwide. the pace of vaccinations has slowed during the month of septemr despit a sustained drop i newer cases in months. in ohio, covid hospitalizations are once again on the rise one in six patients there are now being treated for covid, and they are younger, healthier and mostlynvaccinated. joining us now are nbc's maura barrett in columbus, ohio, and msnbc medical contributor dr. kavita patel. glad to have you both with us. maura, the spike in patients, what are health officials doing to get people vaccinated and slow the spread there? >> reporter: doctors here in ohio are hoping they have reached the peak of the surge around the delta variant. we're seeing cases drop here, but obviously the hoitalizations and deaths will come for months, the say, and nearly everyone in the hospital they're seeing is unvaunvaccina so this is something they're up against in ohio as only 50% of the adult population is fully vaccinated, the governor in the state putting together yet another lottery to encouge young people to win school sclor -- scholarships. what we're seeing is even though they're relatively healthy, many more are in the hospital. they're needing ventilatorsnd respiratory bypass. doctors are really emphasizing that the fir and second rounds of the vaccine, getting fully vaccinated at least as a baseline, is really important as variants continue to rise. i spoke to the senator in ohio, and here's our conversation. >> this virus is not going away, and for people who don't have any immunity, unless you're living in a bubble, you're going to come in contact with this virus somewhere and you really need to think about what layer of protection do you want to have when you come into contact with this virus for the first time. clearly the safest layer of protection you have is to get vaccinated. >> reporter: so doctors say they're up against misinformation on social media, as we've been talking about for months. also a resistance to mandates, so the doctor talking about the need to have these one-on-one conversations with people who typically don't have questions or the opportunity to get answers from their doctors directly. that's what he's pushing here. he also says we're going to see every letter of the greek alphabet when it comes to these variants and emphasizing being fully vaccited i what's going to protect these unvaccinated folks now. jeff? >> dr. patel, let's talk about covid vaccines for kids. dr. fauci gave his timeline on when we could finally see that. here's what he said. take a look. >> i would imagine in the next few weeks they will examine that data and hopefully they'll give the okay so that we can start vaccinaing children hopefully before the e of october. >> so hopefully by the end of october, he says. just a few weeks ago, the earliest estimates were at the end of 2021, possibly early 2022. what changed? >> jeff, great question. key things have changed, not just what the fda asked pfizer to do but that set a precedent for a press release and filing for an application starting today really came from over 2200 pediatric patients. but there are thousands more, but it was so compelling that an independent safety data and monitoring board that has nothing to do with pfizer or the fda basically said, look, you have enough here to move this ball forward. not the end of the story but enough to go forward and especially to get an emergency authorization. i hope everyone at the fda knows to do this safely, but they know there is a lot on the line to get kids vaccinated. predictably, jeff, november seems like a more realistic time frame, the fda has to take action, the advisory committees, so it's not overnight. >> i want to talk about pfizer starting these large-scale tests on anti-virus drugs. they said they hope they can prevent covid infections to people who have been exposed. the idea of using a pill as treatment against covid, that wod be a game changer. >>oh, huge game changer. by the way, this is kind of an experience pfizer has with hiv-related pills. i can now prescribe hiv prep, the pre-exposure' -- prophylaxis. they've been doing this along the way, thinking about it, but of course vaccines have become the most important treatment and intervention we can have. now we can talk abo pills. pfizer, merck, there are other compies that potentially have pills for mild covid. we don't have great solutions for that right now. very good for 2022. a positive outlook for covid in the united states and across the world. >> we will take the positive news wherever we can find it. dr. patel, thank you so much, and maura barrett, thank you for that reporting. in moments, former president barack obama will deliver comments for a groundbreaking ceremony of his presidential library. we'll take you live to his hometown of chicago, coming up next. coming up next stressed? 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[ applause ] >> to introduce the 44th president of the united states, please welcome trenton banks. ♪♪ >> good afternoon, everyone. my name is trenton banks. i'm a sophomore from south shore international college prep, and i call the morgan park neighborhood on the south side my chicago home and it's an amazing honor to be with you all today. like millions of kids across the country, i spent my entire freshman year at home taking classes virtually. it wasn't the way i thought it would be. but i held onto hope that it would and could get better if we worked on it. it was the kind of hope that our next speaker transformed into a movement back in 2008 when i was just 3 years old. for my entire life, our next speaker has been a shining example of what can happen when your goal and life is to make a difference no matter what's going on or what's happening. he reminds me of myself in that way. i'm not entirely sure what my future holds, but i know that i want to be and make a positive difference in the lives of others and to be successful in whatever path i choose. he's taught me that if you want to change the world, there's no matter place to start than your own community. and i'm just ready to do that. so, without further adieu, please join me in welcoming president obama to the podium. [ applause ] ♪♪ >> hello, everybody. this day has been a long time coming. we had originally hoped to hold a bigger, festive event, but the pandemic has other pla. so we're keeping this small for now. but to everyone who is watching, including so many who were part of my administration, so many who have worked tirelessly to make this day possible, please know how incredibly grateful i am and how much i'm lking forward to celebrating with all of you in person as soon as we can. iant to start by thanking trenton for that outstanding introduction. [ applause ] and zel for doing such great job introducing michelle. i would like zel also to give me tips on my gol game. we're so proud of both of you and i also want to acknowledge a few other people here today who have been so instrumental. our own governor of illinois, governor pritzker, the mayor of our great city, mayor lightfoot, alderman leslie harrison and gregory mitchell, thank you all for everything you've done to move this project forward. so we are here today on the south side of chicago in jackson park to officially break ground on the obama presidential center. as michelle has noted, we chose this location for a few pretty good reasons. it's close to where michelle grew up, where i started my political career. it is surrounded by vibrant neighborhoods and a community where we believe we can help make a difference. jackson park also happens to hold a special place in my heart because it was literally my entryway into chicago. in the summer of 1985, i packed up my car, which was a pretty bad car, i headed west. after i came off the skyway, i found myself driving through jackson park. at the time i remember thinking, this is a lot more beautiful than i expected. admittedly, it was not winter and i had not yet tasted the hawk coming off the lake. but at the time i was still trying to figure out who i was. still searching for a purpose to my life. and it was in neighborhoods not far from here where i began working with church groups in the shadow of closed steel mills, it was in communities across the city, from rose lynn, pullman, little village, north side, where i learned that everybody has a story to tell. that beneath our surface differences, we have common hopes and common dreams and common values that stitch us together. chicago is where i found the purpose i had been seeking. it's where i finally put my ideas about democracy and activism and social change to the test. most important, it's where i met the brilliant, beautiful daughter of the south side named michelle robinson. we were married here. had our reception right down at the south shore cultural center. our daughters were born here, right down the street, at the hospital. we bought our first home here a few blocks away. it's where i taught law and michelle worked with students at the university and patience at the hospital. it's where i announced my first campaign for public office at what at least known as the ramada inn on lake shore drive. it's where i first had the honor of serving constituents. all that happened within a few-mile radius of

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