Ago yesterday. Here is what President Biden said after the wreathlaying ceremony. Our son Beaus Service in the delaware army national guard unit, the year he spent deployed in iraq was one of the things that he was most proud of in life. Yesterday marked the anniversary of his death. And it is a hard time, a hard time of year for me and our family. Just like it is for so many of you. It can hurt to remember but the hurt is how we feel and how we heal. I all feel beau close to me on memorial day. I know exactly where i need to be, right here honoring our fallen heroes. After the congressional Recess President biden will be pressing congress on his legislative agenda including Voting Rights, Infrastructure And Police reform. Here is what Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said about the infrastructure negotiations yesterday. Between now and when congress comes back on june 7th, this is not going to be a break for these conversations, the conversations will continue. But as the president so often said, inaction is not an option. And we really are facing some serious time pressure as we look to that week following this week when congress is going to be back in d. C. Joining us now is Shannon Pettypiece for nbc news digit. And shannon, what is the order, the sequential order of the Biden Legislative Agenda when congress comes back from recess. Reporter well here is the Time Line at least as the White House sees it. They are going to be having conversations this week back and forth between congressional staff and White House staff. Their goal is by January 7th they want to have a clear path forward, some path forward on a piece of legislation. The house has said they want to act by august im sorry by July 4th and then the senate could pass something in august. That is on the infrastructure front. White house democrats know that everything they want might not be in that Infrastructure Bill if they are able to get some bipartisan deal. If t might be infrastructure light, it might be looking like a big highways bill, not everything the president would like to see. Then there is the reconciliation path. They could do both. They could do a Infrastructure Deal with republicans and their own reconciliation package. So that is another track. And that is a long process and it is going to mean keeping all of the democrats united in order to get something through. But that is another piece of the agenda. There is also Police Reform. That is on the front burner at this point. There has been a lot of optimism on The Hill about being able to get something done on Police Reform in the coming weeks, probably not in the coming days, but in the coming weeks. So that is another piece that could come together legislatively. All of the pieces could fall through or some could come together and they could all Line Up and the president could leave congress could leave with a number of big legislative wins that the president could check off on his legislative agenda. And where is Voting Rights in the Biden Legislative Agenda, especially after what were seeing happen in texas overnight . Reporter you know, obviously it is something that the president has said over and over again is so important to him. He called this Texas Bill that democrats walked out on in the Texas Legislation an assault on democracy. He obviously feels very strongly about this. There is only so much the White House can do, though, on that front. That is really up to congress and that is not an area where there is any sort of bipartisan coalesce around that topic. There is not a votes or a bipartisan deal and unlike reconciliation, you cant get that through with 50 votes you need ten democrats to come over in the senate and they dont have that right now. Thank you very much for joining us. Really appreciate it. Thank you. And joining our decision, President And Ceo of Vote Latino and Jonathan Alter columnist for the daily Beast And Msnbc political Analyst Author of his very best Jimmy Carter a life, the latest book, the latest of many. Maria teresa, shannon set it up for us, the Biden Legislative Agenda beginning june 7th, when congress returns from this current weeks recess, it seems like infrastructure is their Number One and i dont sense it is hard to tell what they what theyre pushing after that. I think your absolutely right. I think she mentioned they were going to try to push the Police Reform and the most important piece of legislation right now that you highlighted at the end of the day was this idea of the for the peoples act, reforming our electoral programs at the federal level so you dont have a Piece Meal happening at state level. But Manchin And Cinema dont want to go with democrats on that. So that is an uphill battle. So right now what biden an the White House are trying to do is cut their losses and try to push an Infrastructure Bill. But there is a huge distance between the republicans and the democrats on this because what biden offered was a 1. 2 trillion infrastructure that included some reforms at the social level and the republicans are saying we dont want any of that, we want to repurpose the 900 Million excuse me 900 Billion already in the budget and give you a quarter of A Billion dollars for this other infrastructure. But that doesnt meet the moment were in, lawrence. And what i mean by that is that what you saw the first part of the budget that we saw, the Family Plan that we saw, the emergency jobs plan, that was all trying to make sure that were in a state of emergency. That we were trying to create a Patch Work of covid. Now it is a state of recovery, recognizing that we need to have continued impetuous in our economy otherwise were not going to get out of the rut were in that were presently seeing. Lets listen to what the president s republican Negotiating Partner in the senate, republican senator Shelley Moore Capito said yesterday about the Infrastructure Bill. I think were building those blocks towards a really good solid Infrastructure Package that has bipartisan support. So were responding to what the president has said. He told me on the phone just day before yesterday, lets get this done. And i think that means that he has his his heart is in this. We have had some back and forth with some staff that have pulled back but i think were smoothing out those edges. Jonathan alter, as you know, in all of these kind of legislation, the thing that usually blows it up is the payfor. How do you pay for it. And so far all we know from the republicans is that they are opposed to every pay for idea that Joe Biden has and the republicans havent really advanced any real payfor ideas. When i spoke to the president two weeks ago, at that point he said they havent even discussed payfor. Which i kind of understand because as you know, that is the last thing and it is the thing that breaks it all apart when youre dealing with democrat and republican negotiations. Well i think the first thing to understand is it is not going to break all apart. There will be an Infrastructure Bill this summer. I believe there will be two bills. One that is bipartisan measure that mostly relates to Physical Infrastructure Roads and bridges, that republicans are now on the defensive, theyre the party of fiscal irresponsibility, which is a big change for them. They have no idea how to pay for it. The democrats want to raise taxes on the wealthy to pay for it. So the republicans are going to be in a position where they need a bill, they need something to take back to their constituents beyond, you know, mr. Potato head and their cultural kinds of issues, cancel culture issues. They have to bring home some bacon. So they have some real interest in doing what Trump Couldnt get done in all of those infrastructure weeks, and actually having a roads an bridges bill. That is only a small portion of the infrastructure that biden an the democrats want. They want a lot of what you might call human infrastructure, extending the child tax credit, a series of really important measures to strengthen the social Safety Net which is a form of infrastructure. That will likely go through with 51 votes reconciliation. But the big news, the good news is this is happening one way or another because the democrats have reconciliation, which they could use for any kind of infrastructure, they will get this. They might have to cut the numbers a little bit to please Joe Manchin, but there will be major legislation coming this summer. I would argue the american people are going to appreciate and that may well help the democrats next year. Lets listen to what Kirsten Gillibrand said about this. I think waiting any longer for republicans to do the right thing is a misstep. Would you go forward. I would offer President Biden has a huge bold agenda of so much he wants to do for the economy and the american people. Democrats should respond and vote together now through reconciliation to get it done and then move on to the rest of the bipartisan agenda. Maria teresa, that is kind of the way the democrats always used to operate in the senate when they were in power. And that is to publicly strategize about how to get this done at variants to some degree with the president. That is exactly what Chuck Schumer and President Biden have been hoping to limit. And im not saying that Senator Gillibrand did anything wrong there, but what they dont want is a bunch of voices, democrats in the senate suggesting here is the strategy you should do and here is what you should do and build some kind of impatience around Joe Bidens approach to this. Well, i think you nailed it. What this particular White House has been disciplined in their messaging both with what is happening on the White House and what is happening on the senate side. So to have this conversation so publicly makes for a bit of uncomfortableness because there is movement. You heard the senator from w saying i think were going to have something. Is it perfect . Probably not. But at the end of day, in the reconciliation process, that we mentioned earlier, if it is a 51 vote and it is the democrats and All Of A Sudden the republicans in the different states receive the benefits, the republicans will take credit for it any way and that is what Senator Gillibrand is trying to flag to say you are going to give the republicans all they need and at the end of the day the real hard work, The One that talks about the human infrastructure, that investment, that is going to come from the democrats and the republicans are going to walk away taking credit even though they voted against it. Jonathan, it seems to me that President Biden wants to move on infrastructure first. Get as much as he possibly can, if anything, in a bipartisan form. And all of these exercises seem to have the subtext and sometimes the overt text of a lesson to Joe Manchin about the Senate Coachure Rule and how we cannot continue to live with it. And so he it seems like the president is doing everything in the order that Joe Manchin wants him to so at some point he could turn to him and say, on Voting Rights for example, joe, the 60 Vote Threshold for this means we will never be able to get it done. We have got to change that threshold for this. I think that is exactly what is gooding on right now. A lot of this is an effort to say to Joe Manchin, were going as far down the road with you as we can. Were going to do it your way as long as we can, but you have to recognize that this party, this republican party does not want to play by the old rules where they come together in the national interest. And i was talking to a senior democratic senator this past week and he said a reckoning is coming on the filibuster. And manchin, i think was really taken aback by the fact that they used the filibuster to stop an investigation of the insurrection on 1 6. That commission which was so much in the american tradition, what we did after pearl harbor, after the kennedy assassination, after 9 11. And the fact that the republicans blocked that was a shock to Joe Manchin. You could tell from his comments, he was sort of really disturbed by that. So even though it looks like his feet is set in concrete on the the Voting Rights legislation, and by the way he has his own bill which is probably unconstitutional, which is a whole other question, but there is some room for compromise with Manchins Bill and if it is his bill that is facing this republican filibuster, this republican road block, maybe then hell really get the message. And biden is very skillful at giving members of his own party and in the other party some time. Let mem legislate. Their muscles are atrophies in legislation. They went there to legislate. So they want to be feel theyve been given their due and that is how what is going on right now. How it will end on Voting Rights, im not very optimistic but they could not be done through reconciliation. You have a republican party going into a Obstructionist Mode and it is cult of Personality Party and hard to do deals with people no longer in the reality community. Jonathan alter and Maria Teresa thank you for joining us on this special edition of The Last Word on memorial day. Really appreciate it. And coming up, democrats in texas stopped a Voter Suppression Bill from passing in a dramatic walkout last night denying the them a quorum in that body. Today texas republican governor is threatening to call the legislature back in a Special Session which could happen as soon as tomorrow. Thats next. Thats next. Y how Liberty Mutual customizes your Car Insurance so you only pay for what you need . I mean it. Uhoh, sorry. Oh. What . 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Late last night democrats in texas blocked republican legislation with some of the most rigid and sweeping voting restrictions in the country because the Texas Legislation is controlled by republicans, democrats in the Texas House of representatives walked out last night before a Midnight Voting Deadline which denied republicans the quorum needed to vote on the the legislation. Here is the republican speaker of the Texas House last night. A quorum is apparently not present. The Point Of Order is well taken and succinct. The Legislation Democrats blocked last Night Senate Bill 7 would add new restrictions on absentee voting, give more authority to partisan poll watchers, ban early voting on Sunday Mornings which is when many black churches encourage souls to the polls after Sunday Morning services and the bill would reduce evidence requirements for overturning an election, Ban Drivethru Voting and Ban 24hour Voting which was used for the first time in 2020 in harris county, home to a growing number of democratic voters. The republican governor of texas Greg Abbott who is up for reelection next year has said he would call a Special Session to get the bill passed. Joining us now, nbc political correspondent ali vitali. What is the next move for texas republicans . Well what has been really fascinating, lawrence, is the way in which republicans and democrats have reacted today. You mentioned that the governor is going to call a Special Session, that is because this is one of his top legislative priorities. We dont know when exactly that Special Session is going to be. But in the meantime, he has said that hes going to veto one of the specific articles in the budget that the legislature passed specifically saying no pay for those who abandon their responsibilities. Democrats in the meantime have really been focused singularly on making sure that people know why they think this bill is so dangerous and why they walked out on the House Floor last night so that the bill could not be voted on. Theyre focusing on things like what you mentioned. The impact that this could have by saying no early voting on Sunday Mornings. Which would directly impact efforts like souls to the polls, traditionally meant to get black voters out to their voting places and done typically after they go to church. Theyre also taking aim at the language in this bill that would make it easier to overturn an election by raising the spector of fraud and lowering the bar for evidence there. So democrats, including Texas Congressman Collin alred talking about this is not business as usual as far as democrats see it. Think our democracy is at a tipping point. We are tuking about Overturning Elections and stopping americans from voting. That is how you lose your democracy. Were having a sanitized conversation about this pretending as if democrats and republicans an the usual push and pull. This is not usual. This is not normal. Reporter democrats want to make the point here lawrence that they say this is not normal. But the reality is this kind of legislation is being normalized by republican lawmakers across the states. Florida and georgia have actually gotten a lot of the coverage on this but other states that we spent a lot of time talking about during our Election Coverage in 2020 are also moving bills that are similarly restrictive and sweeping. Places like michigan, pennsylvania, arizona, all of those places are now trying to look at what worked for democrats in 2020 and then trying to target and restrict that. A lot of this, too, and it has to be mentioned, is steeped in the nationalization of politics when it comes to how former President Trump lied out right about what was happening on the ground, alleging fraud that did not exist. And now republicans and legislatures across the country are saying we need to shore up an Election System that was secure in 2020, but theyre continuing to lay the seeds of doubt about. Nbcs ali vitali, thank you very much for your reporting on this tonight and for joining us. Really appreciate it. Yeah. And lets take a look at what State Representative Jessica Gonzalez said about this. It is a sweeping piece of legislation that we that was negotiated Behind Closed Doors from the getgo as being a member on the Elections Committee, we were silent, as especially the democratic women on the committee, we were silenced, witnesses were silenced. There has been dishonest broker in the entire process. Representative gonzalez will join us later in the program. Joining us now is elizabeth drew. Her latest piece in project is titled The Big Lie and its consequences. And elizabeth, i just want to read this passage to the audience to set up this discussion. You write in this article, by demonstrating craven loyalty to Donald Trump despite his lies about the 2020 election, the republican party is no longer simply playing for the base, by questioning the very integrity of americas Electoral System it now represents an open threat to the u. S. Constitutional order. And so you are making the point that this is a much larger thing than just trying to please donald Trump And Trump followers. This may be the period that well look back and say this is the period when our system of democratic leks was broken. And i mean that literally. If enough people dont believe that it works, you have some 74 of republicans who insist that biden is not a legitimate president , if you have people not believing that and if we if the courts and who knows about the supreme court, if the courts let these State Laws stand, then we dont have democratic system of elections so then we dont really have a democracy. Lawrence, you know this perfectly well, congress passes laws but the laws are not selfimplementing. People have to obey them and respect them and implement them. And if we have enough people and we apparently had enough in 2020 and now still going on who dont believe in it, who denigrate it, then we dont have a democracy, and that is what im worried about. Were setting horrible precedence. It seems that the most troubling aspects of these bills is what happens after people vote. Yes, they are trying to put hurdles in front of specific Voting Groups who they think they know how to block like block souls to the polls on Sunday Morning. We know what theyre doing there. But many of the bills contain provisions that basically make it relatively easy to overturn the results of an election that you dont like. That is the case in the georgia legislation, and that is what is going on in this Texas Legislation. Well that is the danger. That theyre passing laws and theyre not very hard to understand, theyre pretty obvious in what theyre aiming at, various states in a coordinated way are passing laws that blatantly are stacked against blacks voting. Theyve been trying to do this for a long time. And republicans have been talking about Voting Fraud and all of that for a long time. But trump, who really doesnt care, he doesnt care about the implications of what hes doing. He doesnt care if it wrecks the Election System. He doesnt care if a whole race gets discriminated against and in a lot of cities. And the 2020 election was a lot closer than people think. Yes, biden did very well in the popular vote. But as the world knows by now, i hope, that is not what is counted at the end. It is the electoral vote and that is much more narrow. It is narrower than it was in 2016. So it is not a sure thing that these kinds of actions wont overturn the result of an election. Elizabeth drew, thank you very much for joining us tonight and sharing your perspective on this. Really appreciate it. Thank you, lawrence. Thank you. And coming up, as we begin the summer holidays, 62 of eligible americans have been vaccinated. What does that mean for Summer Travel and Summer Plans . Thats next. Thats next. For members like martin. 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Serious infections and Blood Clots, sometimes fatal, have occurred as have certain cancers, including lymphoma, and tears in the stomach or intestines, and changes in lab results. Your doctor should monitor your bloodwork. Tell your doctor about any infections. And if you are or may become pregnant while taking rinvoq. Take on ra. Talk to your rheumatologist about rinvoq relief. Rinvoq. Make it your mission. If you cant afford your medicine, abbvie may be able to help. Were just five weeks from President Bidens deadline of vacating 70 of adults by July 4th. As of today, 62 of adults have received at least one shot of the coronavirus vaccine. Just as the united states is reporting the lowest number of coronavirus cases in more than a year. In an interview with the guardian, dr. Fauci warns of declaring victory prematurely. Dr. Fauci said we dont want to declare victory prematurely because we still have a ways to go but the more and more people that can get vaccinated as a community, the community will be safer and safer as long as there is some degree of activity throughout the world, there is always a danger of variants emerging and diminishing somewhat the effectiveness of our vaccines. The United Kingdom is now in the beginning stages of what theyre calling a third wave in that Countrys Race between vaccination and the coronavirus variants. According to the the washington post, variants identified in india is believed to be responsible for up to 75 of new cases in the u. K. And more transmissible than the previously dominant strain of the virus. 58 of the british population has received at least one dose of vaccine. Joining us now is dr. Gnaw heed bhadelia, a Physician And Director of Boston University center for emerging infectious Diseases Policy and research and an msnbc medical contributor. Dr. Bhadelia, how do you rate where america stands in dealing with this pandemic as we begin the Summer Season where people are hoping to resume normal summer activities . Yeah, lawrence, overall were incrementally getting safer as dr. Fauci said. Were reading the great numbers overall, over 60 , and the caution here is that underlying that are two trends. Interstate difference, there are states that are different such as louisiana, mississippi, seeing 30 , 40 of the population with one dose and then youre seeing intra State Differences where youre seeing some parts of even states like massachusetts, for example, with high rates of vaccination, you may see Western Massachusetts communities that have lower rates of vaccination and youre seeing trends where it might be communities that are having a harder time to get off work to get vaccinated and then there is communities elsewhere in the country where potentially covid was not considered as big of a threat and why would you take a vaccine now when it was not considered that in the past and that is where Education And Engagement and importance of the vaccine not just for individuals but for the entire community to be safer moving forward. And going forward, will the recommendations for what vaccinated people can do be changing in any significant ways . Well, currently, i think the cdc recommendations are already great for if your vaccinated, you could travel. You could gather in groups. You dont have to wear a mask. I think that the things that might effect whether or not those recommendations change as you heard dr. Fauci say, one, the rate of our own vaccination in this country and the appearance of new variants. You mentioned the u. K. Situation, now that is an interesting one because theyre about on par with us, a little ahead of us in vaccinations and seeing the cases go up again and it is driven by this new variants that is more transmissible, but may also decrease the effectiveness in people who have just gotten their one dose and that is why the speed of vaccination here for us in the u. S. Is going to be important as much as the coverage because weve always been about a week or two behind the u. K. As you know when these new variants appear. President biden has set another deadline that was possibly not part of the original plan and that is the new 90day Deadline for an investigation of the origins of covid19 and might it have been from a Laboratory Leak in china and what does it what does it matter to us at this stage in terms of fighting this vaccine, how does the Origin Matter now that we have vaccines that work against it . Well, youve made a very important point. Immediately in this Fight Today the important thing is that we get vaccines everywhere. And that is where the big fight is for all of us to return to normalcy. I the tough part here for me with the vaccine, the conversation about the origins is how clouded this has become in politics. A question of could there have been a leak from the laboratory, but chances are it was much smaller than a virus of natural origin but however it should be investigated. It is clouded by domestic politics here in the united states and geopolitical between the u. S. And china and w. H. O. And as a physician, the question is how do we get that scientific question and leave the politics behind and that is a tough situation when there are such bigger Geo Politics that are involved. And in terms of Vaccine Availability now in the country, have we reached that poin why you could describe it as so easy to get that all youre up against now is people having Difficulty Scheduling because of work or hesitancy. That is right. Availability here in the u. S. Is going to be very high to the point where the Kaiser Family Foundation actually said that in their report by the end of this year, the u. S. Having vaccinated, after vaccinating everybody over the age of five will still have A Billion doses in surplus. So it is not availability, it is accessibility and peoples actual ability to want to get the vaccine. And that is why i think recognizing and doing education around the fact that this is how we get to the other side, this is how we return to a normal summer is going to be so important for all of us. Dr. Bhadelia, thank you very much for joining us once again. We always appreciate it. Thank you. And coming up, the developer of the moderna vairk, dr. Kizzy corbett knows the way to be the coronavirus is one vaccination at a time and that is why she rushed off the stage after our Msnbc Town Hall to talk to Matthew Mallory who had doubts about getting vaccinated and that is why when matthew decided to get vaccinated, with his mother, dr. Corbett was there with them. Our interview with them all is next. Zerocommission trades for online u. S. Stocks and etfs. And a commitment to get you the best price on every trade, which saved investors over 1. 5 billion last year. Thats decision tech. Only from fidelity. 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The moment you sponsor a job on indeed you get a short list of quality candidates from our resume database. Claim your Seventy Five dollar credit, when you post your first job at indeed. Com home. Dr. Kizzy corbett and her team at national institute of Health Spent Years working fon a vaccine for coronavirus before covid19 existed. Kizzy corbett was ready last january to quickly develop a Vaccine Model that moderna used for their covid19 vaccine. Dr. Corbett has saved hundreds of millions of lives with the Moderna Vaccine and sometimes she has to do it one shot at a time. Dr. Corbett met Matthew Mallory at Msnbc Town Hall Vaccinating America three weeks ago but was unable to convince him that night to get the vaccine, then a week later matthew and his mother met dr. Corbett at a Walgreens In Virginia where dr. Corbett watched as they both received the Moderna Vaccine that she had helped develop. Here is our interview with dr. Kizzy corbett, Matthew Mallory and dr. Joan seafuss at the walgreens that day. Joining us now. Dr. Kizzy corbett, Matthew Mallory and Matthews Mother dr. Joan seafuss who is a doctor of Educational Psychology. Joining us from walgreens, kizzy, this is a very, very exciting day. I really wasnt sure this was going to happen. What is it like for you, your Vaccinating America one shot at a time and this was a big conversion for you. You know, every single time someone decides to be vaccinated, it is extremely exciting for me. I will never get tired of hearing that people have made the choice to be vaccinated and more over whatever my voice could be the beacon of that change, i am so happy. Im thankful for matthew and his mom for coming out today and of course i was so thrilled to come all the way to virginia to make sure that it happened. Matthew, how do you feel . I feel good, sir. So i kizzy obviously chased you down in the Theater Right after the Town Hall. I was followed and you and i were out on the sidewalk afterwards and in our final exchange you told me that you dont like needles and i used to not like needles either. But i told you that i did not even feel it when i got my Moderna Injection and i know that there was no reason for to you believe me. So how did it feel for you when you actually you dont like needles but you got the needle today. How did that feel . Oh, it felt good. I felt the same thing, i didnt feel anything at all. It was over and done with before i even know it. Yeah. That was my experience with it. And dr. Seafuss, what did you experience in getting the Vaccine Today . It was very easy for me. I didnt feel the needle at all. It went by very quickly. So dr. Seafuss i have a question for you about dr. Corbett. And youre a doctor of Educational Psychology, so rate for me the Educational Psychology that dr. Corbett used on your son and you to get you into that walgreens today. Well, i looked at the Town Hall meeting and i was very impressed with the information that was being shared by dr. Corbett and after talking to my son matthew, after the show that was what really inspired me to go ahead and get the vaccine. Now, dr. Seafuss, kizzy and i know about matthews reluctance. Why were you reluctant or why did it take you this long to get the vaccine . Um, i was listening to some of the Conspiracy Theories and it is not for sure the effectiveness of the vaccine. So as i got more information, became more educated and dr. Corbett really inspired me to get the vaccine. Now, you just listened to dr. Corbett on the Town Hall and then today when you met her at walgreens, that is the first time youve had a chance to talk to her beyond what you heard on the Town Hall, isnt that right . Thats correct. Yeah. And so when you say dr. Corbett was the key to convincing you to get this vaccine . Yes, dr. Corbett was the key because she was the key that convinced my son to get it so it was like a snow ball effect. She convinced my son to get it and then it snowballed to me for me to get it. Kizzy, what have you learned about reluctance and you have learned anything new about reluctance in talking to matthew and his mother . You know, lawrence, one of the things that i found in the last, i guess you could say six months, as ive talked to people all over the country, mostly virtually around their Reluctance Or Inquisitiveness with this vaccine is that you really do need that person that is going to chase you down after a Town Hall that person to chase you down after a Town Hall to make sure your questions are answered. Thats what i feel like my purpose is with matthew and his mother and beyond, it is very important for us to make sure again and again we listen to people and we leave no question unanswered regarding their questions around the vaccine. Matthew, when you went home from the Town Hall, what did you tell your mother about it . How did the two of you discuss this . We talked about how my experience was going to the Town Hall. Let her know i got a lot of information about the vaccine, and going and saying im going to go ahead and do it. And doctor, was there anything in particular that matthew said that drew you closer to this decision . As we discussed what happened at the Town Hall, the information he gathered from attending the Town Hall, we talked about how we we like to travel, one of my motivating factors in getting the vaccine was that i love to travel. Became very evident to me in order to travel its almost mandated to get the vaccine. So that was a motivating factor. Thats how we came to the decision. And i shared with matthew, if he get the vaccine i would, we would do it as pair. How easy or difficult was it to find an appointment to get the vaccine . Appointment was very easy. Able to come down to local pharmacy, give them my information, and able to get educated how everything would go. Very easy. And how much difference does it make in your experience, the degree of difficulty in make the appointment . It makes so much of a difference. Im from rural north carolina, so i understand what accessibility to getting vaccinated looks like. Its so helpful there are about 20,000 pharmacies around the country taking walkin appointments. People can look up on vaccines. Gov, and about 90 of people live within five miles of local pharmacy to get the vaccine. As accessibility becomes easier, hope to get more vaccinated. Going to get your second shot, then two weeks after, considered fully vaccinated. Where do you want to go if you can travel in six weeks . Actually i have a trip planned, planning to go to jamaica. Oh, and dr. Corbett, you have a Family Relationship with jamaica . I do. I do. My brotherinlaw is from jamaica, so im very excited that matthew is going to be able to experience jamaica. Told him im going to hop in his suitcase because i need a break. Part of your life now. What do you want to say to kizzee today, she worked years and years to develop this vaccine, worked very hard, more than overtime when covid19 hit figuring out exactly how to build the vaccine that you got today, the Moderna Vaccine. What do you want to say to her about the work shes done . I want to say thank you. You know, very much appreciated. Your hard Work And Effort is paying off, youre saving the world. Thank you. Thank you for being vaccinated. Thats really is, right . I could have made a vaccine and then if No One took it, wouldnt even matter. Really at this point the duty is sonnet people being vaccinated. So thank you. What would you like to ask Matthew And Joan at this point in their experience . You know, i just want to in the same way that you got your information and transferred it to your mom, want to make sure if people ask you questions about the vaccine youre transparent and honest and remind people of all the information you got that day in the Town Hall so we can keep this Snowball Effect Rolling and continue to get people vaccinated. Matthew, what are you going to tell your friends and family if theyre wondering about getting the vaccine . Go ahead and get it done, its not that bad. Get it done. Its not that bad. Not that bad, thats the review so far. Matthew mallory, cant thank you enough, first for coming to the Town Hall, been a great lesson for millions of people now. Dr. Joan, Matthews Mother, thank you very much. And dr. Kizzee corbett. Well never be able to thank you enough but thank you once again for joining us, thank you very much. Thank you all, we really appreciate this. Has been a great day. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. We have much more ahead in the next hour, including texas State Representative Jessica Gonzalez who will join us on the democrats stopping a Voter Suppression Bill in texas last night. First guest when our coverage continues in the next hour. He nr [sfx psst psst] allergies dont have to be scary. Spraying flonase daily stops your body from overreacting to allergens all season long. Psst psst all good fine, No One leaves the table until your finished. Fine, well sleep here. Its the easiest because its the cheesiest. Kraft. For the win win. [ humming ] alexa . Play ooh La La. [ ooh La La by Cherie Playing ] the moxie showerhead speaker. Only from kohler. [ Engines Revving ] its amazing to see them in the wild like th shhh. [ Engine Revs ] for those who were born to ride, theres progressive. [ Engine Revs ] you need an ecolab scientific clean here. And you need it here. And here. And here. Which is why the scientific expertise that helps Operating Rooms stay clean is now helping the places you go every day too. Seek a commitment to clean. Look for the Ecolab Science certified seal. Downys been taking you back, since way back. With Freshness And Softness you never forget feel the difference with downy. We know how much you count on us. And thats why were here 24 7. And On The Road maintaining a fast and reliable network. Were always working to ensure the internet meets your needs. By making access easier for all. With comcast Lift Zones and our Internet Essentials program. Were invested in making our apps easy. To give you personalized assistance around the clock. And were committed to keeping our team and customers safe by working from home. And using precautions in store. See what were up to at xfinity. Com commitment good evening, im Lawrence Odonnell with our special memorial Day Edition of The Last Word. Democrats in texas have blocked a bill to restrict Voting Rights. Blocked republican legislation which the New York Times describes as farreaching Election Law to install some of the most rigid voting restrictions in the Country And Cement the state as one of the hardest in which to cast a ballot. Democrats in the Texas House of representatives walked out before a Midnight Voting Deadline which denied republicans the quorum they needed to vote on the legislation. The republican governor of texas, Greg Abbott, up for reelection next year said he will call a Special Session to get the bill passed. Legislation democrats blocked, Senate Bill seven, would add new restrictions on absentee voting, give more authority to partisan poll watchers, ban early voting on Sunday Mornings when many black churches encourage souls to the polls after Sunday Morning services. Bill would also reduce evidence requirements for overturning an election. Ban Drivethrough Voting and 24hour Voting which was used for the first time in 2020 in harris county, home to growing number of democratic voters. After they blocked the bill, spoke in front of a baptist church in austin. One of the lastminute additions to the bill would be to allow early voting sundays only from 1 00 p. M. To 9 00 p. M. Democratic texas State Congresswoman Gonzalez Vice Chair of the Elections Committee said this. When this bill came to the floor we thought we were going to have a serious, real conversation. Because this bill affects every single person in state of texas, including republicans. And we were told time and time again the Secretary Of State that elections were safe and secure. So this is just a witch hunt. Aimed at people of color. Were going back centuries. Leading off our discussion this hour, democratic State Representative Jessica Gonzalez, whose district includes parts of dallas. Thank you very much for joining us tonight after late night last night. When did you make this decision to walk out and deny a quorum . Well, you know, these discussions began throughout the day, even a couple days before we knew this bill was going to get to the floor. It was unclear when it would actually get to the floor but republicans chose to put it on the 139th day of the 140th, on the deadline. It was trying to be shoved through, shoved down our throats again, so ultimately we came together and we all decided to walk out. And what can you do if there is a Special Session that the governor calls, what tools will you have in your toolbox for that . Well, i mean thats always the Governors Decision of course, how soon he will call us in for a special. It will be his decision ultimately. Our hope is that we can have a serious conversation about second goaround. But again the tools we have in our toolbox, procedural maneuvers, Point Of Orders, trying to kill it on one of those. Another option is trying to run out the clock. Meaning yesterday we could have run out the clock on the bill and past midnight the bill dies. Ultimately we hope that it doesnt resort to having to break quorum again and can have a serious conversation to pass real Elections Reform thats Common Sense and will make it easier for people to vote. I want to focus on the provisions in the bill that take effect after people have voted. Clearly theres a collection of restrictive measures in there clearly designed to prevent democrats from voting, make it more difficult for democrats to vote. But after the vote, this bill now says that theres a much lower standard of proof for any case brought about any kind of election fraud. Yes. They added provisions in the final version to expand the venue for these types of cases to be litigated. Right . So our Court System is already clogged up, especially after the pandemic. Civil courts are backed up on Jury Trials and it gives a provision in there that expedites these types of cases. Thats a very Slippery Slope for us to take. Because within the bill itself there are certain things that people can accidentally if you accidentally fill something out, or dont mark something correctly, could potentially open it up for investigation. So it seems like there is a due Process Issue there, arrest you first, investigate later. There is a potential for many people to be caught and potentially be criminalized for innocent behavior. There is also a provision apparently that says you can overturn an election in court without proving that the number of votes being contested would actually even affect the outcome of the election. Yes. So this sweeping bill, again shoved down our throat with limited Discussion And Input from democrats from the getgo, despite 22 hours of testimony from the public. At 11th hour they stripped out agreed upon amendments and added new provisions like this one that was in neither the senate nor the house version, complete new language i believe given to the conferrees that might at midnight. We did not have an opportunity to even have a public hearing on it in committee. Its really going around the process. But that really shows the intent by them adding that provision, it basically allows to you overturn an election without having to prove evidence of fraud. So again, that shows their clear intent behind what theyre trying to accomplish. Its all based around The Big Lie. Democratic texas State Representative Jessica Gonzalez, thank you very much for joining us tonight, really appreciate it. Thank you for having me. Joining now, latosha brown, cofounder of the black Voters Matter Fund and 0 copresident of Vote Latino, msnbc contributor. We see it again, manage to come up with Lastminute Maneuver to at least delay whether the bill will become a law and not sure it will. I do want to commend the democrats for having the Courage And Fortitude to stand up for democracy. Republicans are going through extraordinary measures to attack Voting Rights in this country. We have to have a response equally based on how extraordinary it is. So i think what the Democrats Stepping Out Last Night is let folks know how serious we are right now, how serious this is at issue of undermining democracy. We have to move forward. Maybe the democrats in the senate can take a lesson to what were seeing happen in texas right now. Listen to democratic texas State Representative Nicole Collier last night. We used all the tools in our toolbox to fight this bill. And tonight we pulled out that last one. Now listen, we may have won the war tonight, but the battle is not over. The irony of this is these laws are being passed around the country in State Legislatures where theres no Filibuster Provision for democratic senators in some of these states to block these kinds of bills, so they can pass in a purely partisan way. And yet there is a Senate Rule in washington that will prevent the democrats from passing their top priority on Voting Rights. And its democratic senator Joe Manchin who is preserving that ability of the united States Senate to be blocked by a minority, an ability that doesnt exist in the places where most of these bills are being passed. Youre absolutely right, lawrence. Whats happening in texas and georgia, what happened in arizona with the fraudit that they did, making the Voting Booth now not accessible, is a pattern of the republican party because what happened was they didnt like the results. All these three states that just passed these legislations, pennsylvania included, they have had certified elections that were verified and above board. In a place like texas they verified the election, zero fraud in the Election System, and texas has most restrictive Voting Rights on the books. Most restrictive laws by far. But what were seeing in states like arizona and pennsylvania, georgia and texas, they all have one thing in common, its a booming young Latino Population coming of age and eclipsing even the older latinos for first time. In texas youre going to have 250,000 new eligible young latino voters by 2022. Theyre trying to stack the deck. What Joe Manchin needs to understand and what Kyrsten Sinema needs to understand is our democracy is incredibly threatened because theyre trying to change the rules because they dont like Multicultural America is rising, disproportionately young that wants a representative america. Joe manchin needs to understand if his own colleagues dont want to investigate the insurrection against our democracy that put his life and that of his staff on the line, they filibustered that into the darkness of the night. What is going to prevent them doing the same thing for our democracy . He and Kyrsten Sinema need to recognize that the filibuster has no place in our democracy because our house is on fire. Only way to fix this is having universal federal regulations that gives every single state Clear Rules By Which To Play by. And he has to show the leadership he can look his grandchildren in the eye and say i saved our democracy, and this is how. There is a need to speak straight of what is on the line. Fact that texas is dead last in access to the Voting Booth, according to university of illinois, northern illinois university. We know this for a fact. Now trying to make it more restrictive because they see rise of young voters and dont like the fact theyre going to lose if they dont play by the rules. Thats where Joe Manchin needs to recognize we need to get rid of the filibuster. Adamantly important. Otherwise democracy might die, not slowly but overnight. Listen to beto orourke on texas last night. Democrats in texas did a lot, bought us some time and stopped one of the worst Voter Suppression Bills in the country. But when you link what they were trying to pass in texas with what passed in georgia, florida, iowa, montana, pending in more than 40 other State Legislatures, you see we have the biggest attack on american democracy in our lifetimes. Latosha . Your reactions. Hes right. This is a coordinated issue to limit democracy, particularly in states with voters of color and young voters that made the difference in the election. Good news is that we have opportunity right now. The for the people act and John Lewis Voter advancement act. Both right now given if theyre passed in senate, will provide protection that we need. Got to put pressure on democratic senators, put pressure unfortunate thing about this, this is not a partisan issue. Should not allow the republicans who i decide to vote for, republican, democratic, independent, thats my right and choice. But how to access the ballot is democracy issue. Beyond democracy being propaganda to a core value. Thank you for joining the discussion. We appreciate it. Thank you lawrence. Thank you. Coming up in Tonights Episode of defendant trump, alan Wieselbergs Daughterinlaw says he will flip on trump. Thats next. Trump thats next. burke get your Policy Perks by calling 1800farmers. Go ahead, Phone It in. We are farmers. Bumpadum, Bumbumbumbum Welcome back to that same old place that you laughed about well, the names have all changed since you hung around but those dreams have remained and theyve turned around whod have thought theyd lead you whod have thought theyd lead you back here where we need you back here where we need you yeah, we tease him a lot. Welcome back, america. It sure is good to see you. [ humming ] alexa . Play ooh La La. [ ooh La La by Cherie Playing ] the moxie showerhead speaker. Only from kohler. As the Manhattan District attorney and Grand Jury conduct a criminal investigation of Donald Trump and his businesses, all eyes are on Alan Weisselberg, chief financial officer of the trump businesses. Yesterday his former daughterinlaw, Jennifer Weisselberg said this about him and family business. They changed dramatically when they came into power with the presidency, really went to their heads. Extremely enabled and had no accountability. So he does lie, has perjured himself. Looks like he was trying to avoid the inevitable but theres a probe on him, going hard on his children, i agree with barbara, hes going to flip. Joining us now, that that barbara, barbara mcquaid, former u. S. Attorney in michigan and Law Professor and paul butler, georgetown university. Both msnbc legal analysts. Barbara, the focus on Alan Weisselberg which makes perfect sense and what this might lead to in this investigation. Alan weisselberg has been insider as chief financial officer and intimately familiar with the finances. Investigation with the organization and individuals within it. Although a case like this involving financial improprieties is largely based on documents which is a prosecutors dream. Documents dont lie or forget. Its still useful to have a Human Being who is there who can explain to jury what was happening, Connect The Dots and serve as narrator. If there is any criminal exposure for Alan Weisselberg, prosecutors would try to leverage that into persuading him to cooperate as witness. As our view develops through leaks and people like Allen Weisselbergs former daughterinlaw telling us what they think, what is your sense of the how the trump legal defense sees the way this case is developing . Thats a great question, lawrence. So this is bank fraud, tax fraud, insurance fraud. Barbara is absolutely right, those cases are mainly proven on paper with documents. Thats a good thing for the prosecutors because the witnesses are people like Michael Cohen and the daughterinlaw who might have axes to grind, might not be most credibility, so documents are the linchpin of the case. Also important for the defense, lawrence, because looking at fraud, theres a thin line between going right up to the point thats legal and then committing a crime. So one example is allegedly the Trump Organization inflated its Property Values for some purposes and deflated for others. That can be legal. Different properties can have different values depending on the situation. Lot of the defense is lawyers saying we can do it, the accountants said we could do it. Barbara, consider the Prosecution And Investigation doesnt get allen Weisselbergs Cooperation in any way. Is there a possibility you could end up with a case in which theyre both defendants . Yes, absolutely. I would imagine if Allen Weisselberg is found to have had crimes that can be charged against him, at some point would go to him and say you can either be a witness or defendant. Thats his choice. If he chooses not to cooperate, could be charged along with Donald Trump and although he may be helpful, we dont know enough about the other evidence to know whether hes necessary. Michael cohen has been cooperating for months and Sharing Information already. It may be unnecessary to flip him. But i would think with somebody like Michael Cohen its useful to have corroboration and other witnesses to back each other up, say the same thing. I would think he would be of value but could see him at Defendants Table with Donald Trump. Paul butler, what are you looking for as possible developments now . Grand Jury Secrecy might shut us out completely. Probably will. Not likely to have a daytoday or even a weektoweek about what is going on. I imagine the prosecutors are presenting Literally Hundreds Of Thousands of pages of documents to the Grand Jury. Thats why they impanelled a special Grand Jury because its a case with a long narrative and prosecutors want to tell a coherent story. In addition to the legal defense we know that President Trumps move is to attack the investigators, the prosecutors. So weve already seen him do that with Cy Vance and Letitia James claiming theyre democrats angry and out to get him. He doesnt have Attorney General like William Barr to protect him anymore. I think hes going to go even harder after the prosecutors. Barbara mcquade, what are you looking for down the road . I think we may continue to get dribs and drabs from the Grand Jury investigation but often comes from witnesses with selfinterested motive in Sharing Information. We need to be patient until charges are filed or announcement is made that the Grand Jury has concluded its business without the return of charges. But it does seem that convening a Grand Jury is a significant step in this investigation because we know that Cy Vance has had the documents for some time, the tax records. If after their analysis did not see evidence of crime would have shut it down. Fact theyve gathered together citizens to present evidence, says to me the likelihood of charges has gone up substantially. I would be surprised if there are not charges but well have to wait and see. Thank you both for legal guidance, really appreciate it. Thanks lawrence. Thank you. President biden is preparing to meet vladimir putin for first time in his presidency, a Presidency Putin tried to prevent by interfering in the election to help Donald Trump. Rick stengel, next. P. Rick stengel, next and with brokerage accounts online trades are commission free. Personalized advice. Unmatched value. At fidelity, you can have both. burke Phone It in to farmers to switch and you could save an average unmatched value. Of four hundred and sixtyseven dollars on your auto insurance. Man Phone it in . Way ahead of you. Daddys saving money. burke go ahead, Phone It in. We are farmers. Bumpadum, bumbumbumbum ive got moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Now, theres skyrizi. Things are getting clearer. I feel free to bare my skin yeah, thats all me. Nothing and me go Hand In Hand Nothing on my skin, thats my new plan. Nothing is everything. 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Your case is often worth more than insuran call the Barnes Firm to find out i couldve made. What your case could be worth. We will help get you the best result possible. The Barnes Firm, Injury Attorneys call one eight hundred,est resul Eight Million ill be meeting with President Putin in a couple of weeks in geneva, making it clear that we will not stand by and let him abuse those rights. That was President Biden speaking yesterday in delaware. In Interview Today russias deputy Foreign Minister said ominously, the americans must assume that a number of signals from moscow will be uncomfortable for them, including in the coming days. In a 2014 interview with the new yorker, then vice President Biden described a meeting he had in moscow with vladimir putin in 2011. Quote, as i turned, i was this close to him. Held his hand a few inches from his nose. I said mr. Prime minister, im looking into your eyes and i dont think you have a soul. And he looked back at me and smiled and said, we understand one another. Joining us now rick stengel, underSecretary Of State during the Obama Administration, author of Information Wars how we lost the global battle against disinformation and what we can do about it, Hes Msnbc political analyst and was editor of time magazine. We have a photograph of you in moscow in 2007, your interview with vladimir putin, one of the few people we can get who spoke to him. What do you make of that . Putin is totally okay with that, now we understand each other. Its a terrific story, lawrence, and may even be true. And what it also shows you of course is that Putin And Biden are men who believe in real politik. If he recognized that in biden, so much the better. Will be a meeting that produces results. What biden is looking for in meeting with putin is restoration of Predictability And Stability in the relationship between russia and the united states. Lawrence, biden has pots on the stove all over the place, really important ones, doesnt want this russian pot to boil over. Hes got to take care of covid, all the other things. So he just wants to make sure that unlike Donald Trump theres Predictability And Stability in the relationship between the united states and russia. Thats what american president s do. Listen to what Ron Klain said about this. Meeting with vladimir putin not because we agree with him or reward for good behavior, far from it, hes the president of other great Nuclear Power on this planet. Important for the two leaders to sit down and try to find ways in which they can work together and ways they can exchange views honestly and directly, eyetoeye, facetoface about the sharp disagreements and concerns we have about President Putins leadership. Of course the american president also has areas of potential Agreement And Cooperation to try to work out with russia. What are those . Well, relationship with russia is complicated, like three dimensional chess game. As ron mentioned, you know, biggest part of it in some ways is nuclear nonproliferation, existential threat to everyone on the planet. But other issues like iran deal. Russia is party to the iran deal. Biden administration would like to tee that up again and need russias cooperation. Look at what happened with russia and solar winds, im sure that President Biden will bring that up, we need mutual deterrents with cyberterrorism, a gigantic threat. And issue that came to the forefront in Obama Administration was ukraine, russias illegal Annexation Of Crimea One of the grossest violations of sovereignty since World War ii, and its still going on. Just weeks ago 100,000 troops on the ukrainian border. Something that biden will bring up and wants to lower the temperature. Lowering the temperature mean diplomatically not bring up everything on the list . Update with the diversion of the Ryanair Flight on belarus . I think you do. I think biden will bring it all up. Anecdote you told about that kind of recognition between biden and putin, putin is a big boy, he knows these are going to come up. Hes going to bring their grievances. Russians are great believers in reciprocity, Eye For eye. When biden brings up belarus, putin will bring up a grievance he has about what the u. S. Has done. Thats diplomacy. Will be grownups in the room on our side for the first time in five years and they will work it out. And for putin, this is going to be reverting to having to deal with someone who actually functions as president of the united states. Which he was relieved from having to do for four years. Yes. As you talked about many times, we have no idea what transpired between Trump And Putin last four years. Notes werent published. Now that biden is president we get notes after meetings, that didnt happen with President Trump. There was allegedly a story he told the Note Taker not to release the notes. We dont know. What well have is restoration to traditional diplomacy. Will be tough points, points of cooperation, competition, and confrontation. Thats the way it is. Rick stengel, thank you very much. Thank you, lawrence. Coming up, President Biden has ordered u. S. Intelligence agencies to investigate the origins of the coronavirus pandemic. Including the possibility that covid19 originated in a lab in china. Nicholson baker who explored the Lab Leak Theory extensively end of last year for new York Magazine will join us next. Magazine will join us next struggling to manage my Type 2 Diabetes was knocking me out of my zone, but lowering my a1c with onceweekly ozempic® helped me get back in it. Oh, oh, oh, ozempic® my zone . Lowering my a1c and losing some weight. Now, back to the show. Ozempic® is proven to lower a1c. Most people who took ozempic® reached an a1c under 7 and maintained it. And you may lose weight. Adults lost on average up to 12 pounds. Ozempic® isnt for people with Type 1 Diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. Dont share needles or pens, or reuse needles. Dont take ozempic® if you or your family ever had medullary thyroid cancer, or have multiple endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type 2, or if allergic to it. Stop ozempic® and get medical help right away if you get a Lump Or Swelling in your neck, severe stomach pain, or an allergic reaction. Serious Side Effects may include pancreatitis. Tell your provider about Vision Problems or changes. Taking ozempic® with a Sulfonylurea Or Insulin may increase low Blood Sugar risk. Side effects like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may lead to dehydration, which may worsen kidney problems. Onceweekly ozempic® helped me get in my Type 2 Diabetes zone. Ask your Health Care Provider how it can help you get in yours. Oh, oh, oh, ozempic® you may pay as little as 25 for a 3month prescription. This is wealth. This is worth. 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Serious, sometimes fatal infections, cancers, including lymphoma, and Blood Clots have happened. Taking a higher than recommended dose of xeljanz for ra may increase risk of death. Tears in the stomach or intestines and serious allergic reactions have happened. You could take your Uc Treatment in a different direction. Ask your gastroenterologist about xeljanz. [tv announcer] come on down to our Appliance Superstore where weve got the best deals on refrigerators, microwaves, Gas Ranges and grills. And if youre looking for. Nicholson bakers 17th Book was published last summer when the country was largely shut down, Living In Fear of covid19 and desperately hoping for vaccine. Book which took ten years to write grew out of single question did the united states use biological weapons in the 1950s. The book is titled baseless my search for ruins in the freedom of Information Act. Although the book is about something that happened in 1950s, i couldnt help thinking about the pandemic were living through reading it last summer. Because the science of Germ Warfare includes the science of highly contagious viruses. And book includes evidence for example that Lyme Disease is one of the germs that escaped from one of our Germ Warfare laboratories on Palm Island off the coasts of connecticut and long island, new york. In december, most exhaustive piece yet written in the popular press, baker wrote an article titled the lab leak hypothesis, for decades scientists have been hotwiring viruses in hopes of preventing a pandemic, not causing one, but what if . President biden has given the administration 90 days to determine if covid19 began in nature or a lab. Joining us now, nicholson baker. Latest book Baseless My Search For Secrets in the ruins of the freedom of Information Act. Thanks for joining us tonight. I for one could discuss all 17 books beginning with your master work, the mezzanine, very first book. But so many candidates for masterwork. Including this one. Reading it during the pandemic was a completely different experience for me than it would have been without the pandemic. I could have felt like i was reading a history of something weird and not that old but old enough to have nothing to do with my daily life now. But what you discovered in that book is that laboratories have been working with and playing around with vaccines for good purposes and for some terrible purposes in the past. And so and the notion that things have escaped from laboratories involuntarily is something weve seen before. And then brings us up to last Summer And Winter where you started contemplating the Lab Leak Theory as others were and now the president wants investigated. How have you seen this discussion evolve on the Lab Leak Theory in the last few months . It was a fascinating process to write a book really about things going wrong in american laboratories. Scientists who were trying to weaponize various diseases a long time ago when the united states had a very active biological weapons program. To try to tell that story, then be involved in this situation where anybody who raised the possibility that something could have gone wrong in a laboratory on a Tuesday Afternoon somewhere, maybe in china, maybe in wuhan, was a conspiracy theorist. It just there was a complete Cognitive Dissonance for me having looked at history of Laboratory Experiments with very risky diseases. And seeing that scientists get sick of the diseases theyre studying, and then to see people saying that you couldnt possibly even raise this idea without becoming some kind of a crazy, Whacky Trumper spreading fake news. So it was a weird, weird year. So your Tenyear Quest to find out exactly what we were doing with Germ Warfare research and possibly even using it in the Korean War ends in what a courtroom would call a hung jury, without the absolute, conclusive proof beyond a reasonable doubt. And that proof may be being blocked. Freedom of Information Act may not be able to get us to the documents that could tell us that truth. We have a government that is holding back documents against you and your research on its own history of labs of this sort, doing research for good and for bad. And im wondering if we could get ten years out from now and you could be on this case for ten years and others and scientists and Intelligence Agencies could be on this case for next ten years, and not be able to tell us ten years from now was it a lab accident, was it a naturally evolved vaccine virus. I would of course i would hope we would know. Theres a terrible foggy messy feeling when you dont when a terrible disaster has happened and you dont know why. So everybody would like to know how this disease arose. And i think that theres a lot that can be found out, even if the chinese government is understandably very, very sensitive about any sort of scrutiny of their high containment laboratories. Even so, there is a lot we can look at around the edges, thats what i found with my own research with long ago diseases and Weapons Programs is that even though you might not have the central document, you have scientists and correspondents that can tell you a lot of things, give you a lot to think about. I absolutely think we will know more if the Biden Administration really takes seriously the idea of an investigation. They dont have to press china or wait for china to respond, start looking at correspondence between american Funding Agencies like national institutes of health, Defense Threat Reduction action, department of defense, all these agencies gave money to chinese scientists to study Bat Diseases and Human Diseases and interplay between the two of them. We can read that Correspondence And Move forward. Theres no need to threaten the chinese with sanctions, anything like that, just look at what the grants asked for and what the Grant Reports said and move forward, well learn more. And this kind of research on viruses and seeing whats involved in making those viruses more potent was considered positive and useful research by scientific communities around the world, including in the united states. But there was also another group of scientists who looked at this research over time and said you know, we understand why you want to do it, what the benefits can be, we get that. We do however find it too risky and we find the chances of a leak from a lab somewhere, whether it be china or some other country not worth those risks are not worth the benefits, they thought as they looked at this. There was a divide in the scientific community of the world not about the value of the research. Everyone agreed. It was the question of was the Risk Worth it. Yes, and this really came to a head in 2011 and 2012 when a scientist in the netherlands convinced a disease to jump from one organism to another by passaging, and the american scientists, Mark Lipsich at Harvard And David relman at stanford said this is nuts, youre taking a disease, making it worse, making it more likely to infect Human Beings through a respiratory route. So a phrase grew up past eight to ten years, gain a function research. Gain of function theyre talking about specifically is enhance the Transmissibility And Pathogenicity through breathing apparatus. Is it a good idea to do that not because you want to kill people but because you want to prove that a certain virus could with a few mutations infect Human Beings . It was preventive medicine but preventive medicine that was taking this enormous risk, at least thats what these scientists said. And there were 150 of them i think who said dont make diseases worse. So the Obama Administration said okay, well look at that. And they paused the funding of gain of function research. Except some was grandfathered in unfortunately. And then it was resumed in the Trump Administration by the nih. And went forward and is now being funded again. So a lot of people said thats a bad idea, mechanisms, Risk Reward studies have not been done, and i think that some people thought in their secret recesses of their mind, was this gigantic meta Experiment Something that led to this disease. We can do crazy, risky things no, we cant. We will have 90 days in which we might be finding out a lot more from the Biden Administration about this very question. In the meantime, you should all read Nicholson Bakers book baseless, he gets tonights last word. Thank you very much for joining us. Well be right back with more after this. Spraying flonase daily stops your body from overreacting to allergens all season long. Psst psst all good sometimes you wanna go where everybody knows your name and theyre always glad you came you wanna be where you can see ahah our troubles are all the same ahah you wanna be where everybody knows your name you wanna go where people know welcome back, america. It sure is good to see you. What makes new Salonpas Arthritis Gel so good for Arthritis Pain . Welcome back, america. Salonpas contains the most prescribed topical pain relief ingredient. Its clinically proven, reduces inflammation and comes in original prescription strength. Salonpas. Its good medicine. 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But that Black Hole you feel in your chest as if its going to suck you into it, we get. I know the incredible pride you felt seeing your loved one wear the uniform of our country, and the pride they felt wearing it. Our son Beaus Service in the delaware army national guard unit, years he spent deployed in iraq, was one of the things he was most proud of in life. Yesterday marked the anniversary of his death. And its a hard time. Hard time of year for me and our family. Just like it is for so many of you. It can hurt to remember, but the hurt is how we feel and how we heal. I always feel beau close to me on memorial day. I know exactly where i need to be. Right here honoring our fallen heroes. That is tonights last word on this memorial day. The 11th hour with Brian Williams starts now. Well good evening once again, a special twohour broadcast, far from our normal time slot on this memorial day, day 132 of the Biden Administration. The president indeed