The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) marks a significant transformation of the 163-year-old Indian Penal Code (IPC), addressing crimes and punishments. BNS consolidates offenses against women and children into a dedicated chapter, ensuring stringent measures for sexual crimes. Notably, it redefines marital rape, making sexual intercourse with a wife below 18 an offense. BNS treats all victims under 18 as children, with varying penalties for rape and gang rape based on age criteria. The legislation criminalizes false promises leading to sexual intercourse and introduces penalties for voyeurism and stalking. Adultery, previously gender-biased, is no longer a cognizable offense. Unnatural sex, governed by Section 377, is omitted, aligning with a Supreme Court decision. BNS introduces gender-neutral language for children-related offenses but maintains the woman as the victim in rape sections. Attempted suicide is decriminalized, replaced by community service, while death by negligence sees reduced penalties for doctors. BNS signifies a comprehensive legal overhaul reflecting societal evolution and technological advancements.