May 14, 2021 Early on in the pandemic, Bank of America found an innovative way to gauge the success of the bank’s work-from-home experiment: a spreadsheet, distributed to team managers daily, that pitted the productivity of people working from home against those who were still showing up at the office. Created for Thomas K. Montag, the bank’s No. 2 executive, the spreadsheet, as described by two people with knowledge of it and according to images reviewed by The New York Times, listed markets employees in descending order of their profitability each day, with those working from the office on one side and those working from home on the other. The evidence on which work environment yielded better results was mixed, those people said, but the message that the spreadsheet sent was not: Mr. Montag, Bank of America’s chief operating officer, was keeping score.