That it was gone forever but they were wrong. Today the British Labour party which had moved to an embrace of market capitalism promises to nationalize great swaths of the british economy could in latin america a socialist dictator grabbed power in venezuela winging that country to the brink of ruin and igniting a regional crisis. China has grown prosperous by introducing private enterprise even while the communist Party Tightens its grip over the people creating a surveillance state that former authoritarians could only dream of. All in the name of socialism. Here in the United States politicians who probably proclaim themselves socialists have scaled to the very heights of the Democratic Party reigniting the debate that many thought was over. We traced the trajectory of an idea that came to war and whose appeal is once more on the rise. This is the unauthorized history of socialism. Bret i knew my latest project for fox nation, three hour six part series about socialism would be timely its a subject everyone is talking about with vermont senator Bernie Sanders remarkable president ial run. The history of socialism is also an epic tale with unforgettable characters, many villains, some heroes battling for the highest of stakes, the fate of mankind. This hour youll meet some of those people and hear some of those stories. We start in the american heartland nearly two centuries ago. Bret indiana, 1825. A great experiment was unfolding on the banks of the wabash riv river. It was called new harmony. It would be a community of equality heralding a new way of life and eventually a new kind of world. Its founder was a british industrialist named robert owen. His followers would soon coined the name for his vision, socialism. He called this the Second Coming of the truth. I think he really did believe he was the second messiah that he had come, unlike jesus who could only tell the truth in parables, a win could actually say the literal truth because he had the science. Bret to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the declaration of independence owen issued what he saw as the next step in the liberation of humankind, the declaration of mental independence. From here forward he proclaimed man was free from the trinity of evils responsible for all the worlds misery and vice, traditional religion, conventional marriage and private property. The last of these was key, the quest to do away with private property would animate socialism for the next 150 years. Bret on april 27, 1825 robert owen welcomed 800 eagle riders to the town he had rechristened new harmony. One group in particular was attracted to new harmony, intellectuals. Managing the communitys economy without individual ownership proved highly inefficient. One new harmony member wrote that even salads were deposited in the store to be handed out making 10000 unnecessary steps and causing them to come to the tables and a wilted deadened state. Before long many members were losing their enthusiasm for owens experiment. In the end, i think, one of the problems of new harmony was that it was a big group of idealists in one place and in a very isolated place. They spent a lot of time thinking about the ideal of the perfect immunity. Ultimately, you had a lot of thinkers and not enough doers. Bret after two years several reorganizations and seven different constitutions, owens great experiment collapsed. Owen had a very hard time acknowledging that it was a failure at new harmony. Through a time of many months when everyone around him, including his sons, was saying things are falling apart owen was saying things are going great here but eventually he couldnt keep up that pretense any longer because everyone was leaving and so, owen found an alibi, i think, and blaming the people who came to new harmony as being poor human material for his experiments. The. Bret owens son, robert, stayed at new harmony after its collapse. He had a different assessment of his fathers experiment. He wrote all cooperative schemes which provide equal renumeration to the skilled and industrious and the ignorant and idle must work their own downfall, provide this unjust plan they must of necessity illuminate the valuable members. And they must retain the improvident unskilled and vicious. Owen kept singing the praises of socialism. One man listening was reject angles, he teamed up with karl marx to argue that not only was socialism desirable but it was inevitable. The story behind the communist manifesto is recounted in my series on fox nation but next the world first socialist state and londons luddy terror. In these uncertain times, look after yourself, your family, your friends. But know when it comes to your finances, we are here for you. What can i do for you today . Well take a look at the portfolio and make adjustments. Im free to chat if you have any more questions. Our j. P. Morgan advisors are working from home to help guide you through this. For more than 200 years, weve helped our clients navigate historic challenges. And we will get through this one. Together. Actions to help prevent the spread of respiratory diseases. Wash your hands. Avoid close contact with people who are sick. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. Stay home when you are sick. Cover your cough or sneeze. Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects with household cleaning spray. For more information, visit cdc. Gov covid19. This message brought to you by the National Association of broadcasters and this station. Of broadcasters apps except work. Rywhere. Why is that . Is it because people love filling out forms . Maybe they like checking with their supervisor to see how much Vacation Time they have. Or sending corporate their expense reports. Ill let you in on a little secret. They dont. By empowering employees to manage their own tasks, paycom frees you to focus on the business of business. To learn more, visit paycom. Com the theater home to you,t to with xfinity movie premiere. Theres a world full of other trolls. How different can they be . Our brandnew service that lets you watch all the latest movie releases from the comfort of home. Trolls world tour available now. I will protect you no matter what, pinky promise. Just say xfinity movie premiere into your voice remote to bring the theater to you. Bret welcome back to fox nation presents the unauthorized history of socialism. Its based on my six part streaming series. World war i hit russia hard. Millions of dead, nationwide to strikes, the abdication of the czar succeeded by a shaky provisional government. The chaos was an irresistible opportunity for the impatient marxist of Vladimir Lenin and his revolutionary party, the bolsheviks. On october 25, 1917 bolsheviks struck. This is a soviet reenactment of londons men men storming the Winter Palace in st. Petersburg. In reality the revolution was much less dramatic and the provisional government yielded with little bloodshed. Many did not expect the new regime to hold on to power any longer from the provisional government. When lenin and the bolsheviks received power they really were a tiny minority and immediately the bolshevik regime found itself embroiled in a civil war which it won militarily but it also one because the bolsheviks had been very successful in their use of propaganda to win what we might, nowadays call the hearts and minds of the russian people. Bret two posters, leaflets and speakers lenin tried to convince russians of just who were the enemies of the people and who were their saviors. Bret lenin did not stop with propaganda. The enemies of the people were marked for retribution. This included priests, many peasants and his political opponents. Lenin began with nicholas the last czar to reign over russia. Him, his wife, their five children, their doctor, their servants were all massacred and then their bodies were cut up and burned and then what is remained was buried in a shaft which was only discovered a few years ago. Then in august of 1918 a revolutionary who felt they betrayed the revolution took two shots of him and wounded him almost fatally. Lenin and his henchmen agreed to carry out revenge. This was a terrible thing. The people taken out of prison, political prisoners, who never been tried and done nothing but they were summarily shot. This shooting went on with hundreds of peoples shot at night. Bret many others found themselves banished to forced labor camps. Later under Joseph Stalin system would become known as the gulag. A part of the red terror was a gathering of all opposition members into concentration camps outside of major cities. These were the very first camps and it was from these camps that the entire gulag system developed. They are very much a precursor to what came later in stalins time. Bret the czar had been reviled as a tyrant we are executing a handful of violent radicals. Under lenin and his followers, millions would die at the hands of the state. It is difficult to huppercaseletter how many people came to die under lenins system and stalins system because there were so many different ways to die. There were people who died in camps, people who died because they were machinegunned down in the woods, people who died because they were deported, people who died in artificial famines and when you begin to put the numbers together you get numbers and statistics in the tens of millions. Bret lenin, in general, had no subtheme for human beings. He believed, as did others, that through education, legislation you can make not want all things and you create human beings. The existing human race was forgotten that killing them was progressive. Bret admits to terror and war, lenin was building a system of government unlike any seen before. Along with the old regime russias capitalist industries, the banks and the church were all completely destroyed. Replacing them all was a single institution, the party. Most of the bolsheviks had no experience in business or administration, yet they drew up a plan to manage a country with the worlds fifth largest economy and Third Largest population. The results were a far cry from heaven on earth. By 1920, in some ways you can say, Civil Society and civilization had stopped. There was massive famine. The industry had broken down, the railroads stopped working, the economy had fallen apart and people were really reverting to the most primitive kind of bartering. Massive loss of life. It was a nightmare. Bret by now russia had conquered most surrounding nations and rechristened itself the union of soviet socialist republics. Bolsheviks now call themselves communists. That turn had long been interchangeable with socialists but it took on a very new meaning as lenin broke all ties with the rest of the world socialist and formed a new international movement. Bret he had big plans for his revolution. Lenin said more than once that the revolution could not be confined to russia. The revolution had to spread. First of all, germany, Great Britain and ultimately the United States and so on. Bret socialism did not gain popularity in america. That is a fascinating story and you can watch it on fox nation. But socialism did spread elsewhere. And quickly and with tragic results. How and why . This is after the break. In nearly 100 years serving the military community, weve seen you go through tough times and every time, youve shown us, youre much tougher your heart, courage and commitment has always inspired us and now its no different so, were here with financial strength, stability and experience you can depend on and the online tools you need because you have always set the highest standard and reaching that standard is what were made for and reaching that standard is what were made for there are times when our need to connect really matters. 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Many of lifes moments in thare being put on hold. Are staying at home, at carvana, we understand that, for some, getting a car just cant wait. To help, were giving our customers up to 90 days to make their first payment. Shop online from the comfort of your couch, and get your car with touchless delivery to keep you safe. And for even Greater Peace of mind, all carvana cars come with a sevenday return policy. So if you need to keep moving, were here for you. At carvana the safer way to buy a car. Im aisha hasnie and now back to fox nation presents. Bret returning to fox nation presents the unauthorized history of socialism. Following the Russian Revolution socialists rose to power in other countries too. They had different ideas but nowhere did the reality of socialism live up to its promises. Vladimir lenin died of a brain hemorrhage in january 1924. He was only 53 years old. Bret is relatively short life he had laid out a path to power for revolutionaries around the world. What lenin did electrified, excited, inspired, terrified, different people all over the world. Depending on their frame of mind and one of the more curious things it did was it gave birth to fascism. Lenin had shown that you could take marxist doctrine and twisted all around. There was mussolini in italy and he says he too is a revolutionary period for him, like for lenin, making the revolution is the main thing and he says well, if we could drop the proletarian input in the vanguard proletarian maybe we could throughout the proletarian input in the nation instead. All over europe there were groups of socialists who suddenly became nationalists. One, but not the only one, was hitler who came along and had this new ideology of nationalist socialism which retains a lot of socialist principles but as on the implacable hatred of the jews. Bret mussolini joined forces with eight of hitler to launch a world war even more devastating than the last. The alliance between italy, germany and Imperial Japan placed mussolini and plenty to his old socialist comrades. In the end, the grandiose ambitions of fascism went up in smoke. The world last glimpse mussolinis body hanging upside down at an abandoned gas station in milan. The very next day hitler shot himself. With the defeat of the axis powers ideology of fascism collapsed. But the death of the strange offshoot only cleared the way for other branches of socialism to flourish. Bret in the aftermath of world war ii communism spread like never before. The soviet unions military games set the stage for communist governments to take power in Eastern Europe. And in north korea. The communist against postwar conquest was yet to come. Four years after the wars end in insurgent communist forces in china drove the prowestern nationalist government off the mainland. In january 1949 the communist marched into beijing to declare the birth of the peoples republic of china. Their leader was a 55 yearold intellectual named mao. Mao was a true revolutionary who do not believe in normalcy and did not believe in and disliked bureaucracy. What he did was to mobilize peasants to join the communist revolution. Bret mao gave the Chinese People what came to be called the iron rice bowl. Its a promise of lifelong Economic Security at a minimum level. The price was submission. The party would come to control everything, the books people read, the clothes they wore, even whom they married and how many children they had. Mao felt that when history would not wait for the changes of the socialist system but would change human beings as they are but a means to educate them or cut them off from all previous culture. Lenin allowed his people to read the classics and had access to the old literature but mao cut it all off and for a while all they could read was the humanities and the red book he had this idea that if you do that you completely cut them off from the past and create new human beings that way. Bret for nearly a decade china followed the soviet model of nationalized industry and collectivized agriculture but the results were disappointing and mao grew impatient. He became disillusioned with the soviet model and thought he could improve upon it and bring communism overnight but he was truly a utopian thinker. That is when the late 1957 he launched what has come to be called the great leap forward. Bret at the core of the great leap forward was a new chinese institution. The peoples communist. For the 23000 of them, comprising a more than half a billion people. By mobilizing the countrys vast labor pool mao believed his experiment would catapult china ahead of the west, both agriculture and industry. Bret the countrys frenzied commitment to the great leap forward lead only to impossibly high production quotas and inferior products. In one program the government tried to speed up Steel Production by encouraging peasants to build backyard steel mills on communes across china. For rowe materials the peasants donated iron goods from their own homes, including walks and other cooking utensils. The steel produced was worthle worthless. Mao also emphasized Agricultural Production in one way he thought that speeding up the agricultural growth was to plant more [inaudible] and that is scientifically irrational and that did not increase the production. Very soon and 9059 there was also somewhat drought and flood so the Natural Disaster plus this human policy became a killer combo. Peasants were forced to work long hours every day. They were totally exhausted by this and they were not getting enough food to eat. They were literally, in some areas, starving. It is estimated that this utopian idea led to the death of 3040 million chinese peasants. Bret again, go to fox nation to learn more about the spr