by Lachlan Carey and Nikos Tsafos (Center for Strategic and International Studies) Can emerging economies grow while reducing their greenhouse gas emissions, either on an absolute basis or against some business-as-usual baseline? The Energy Security and Climate Change Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies engaged in a yearlong project to grapple with “decarbonization” in an emerging economy context. What opportunities exist for policymakers today? How have various places managed to make progress in reducing (or avoiding) emissions while still meeting societal expectations for development? What can we learn from their progress? More broadly: how should we think about the supposed trade-offs between economic development and a cleaner environment and how can we overcome them?