the jewish cemetery in warsaw has more than 200000 grades. and it's ceo of all places that research and natalia romika is looking to uncover. historic high doubts concealed under great stones secret hiding places that helped to save many lives during the holocaust. ah, often inviting holland in 1939 and occupying warsaw the nazis began forcing jews into one neighbourhood which became known as the warsaw ghetto. most of the half 1000000 people sent their died of starvation or disease over murdered, enforced labor and death camps. but a few managed to escape by just for so give me just gleam since this is the last chance. and of course we have an antidote hiding places are full of erosion. so this is the last moment. this is the re the last month. the thing from this, or he does show perspective how we can preserve them, how we can really dig and try to history. an apartment block now stands on the sides of the form, a great synagogue that was blown up by s. s, god's directly opposite is the jewish historical institute. this building survived, although damage to the floor caused by fire, testifies to the devastation wrought by the nazis. the institute holds the largest collection of documents relating to jewish history in poland. they include eye witness testimony from the predominantly jewish towns, cold settle for natalia ro make. it's a treasure trove. the lay source which we had here. they are pink eye catching on. the books book sir rose by the people who supply follow cows in the small towns. so then we can find not only testimony how the shuttle looks like, like the emerald orbital tissue, but also testimony. for example, how did people hide and where natalia ro make is an architect and a political scientist. her research here shows her where to get started in her search for hiding places. it's only beginning because we know like for example, where was the place in which village, but then we need to approach i need to approach that next step. so golder speak with the local people and not only worked with that joshi, sorry guys to jude, but also with the other institution. so it's always like a story. listen, the sorry. it was this research that directed her to the jewish cemetery in warsaw oak up over straight. natalia is meeting with a specialist for 3 d scanning. the 2 of them planned to examine the hide out beneath the grave stones. first we need to know the scale and also may be there was a kind of secret, say, stairs to the other small hiding place. so that we, the 1st step, i would like to have like exact measurements because i would love to build to the free d model and not only free d model, but also to make a cost from $1.00 wall. it's a high tech approach to history. that's very revealing. authority lays, the scanner is used to survey the entire area surrounding the bunker. it's accurate to within $100.00 the of a millimeter. the aim is to use digital technology to 1st document the hide out in its current state. the initial results reveal a hastily built chamber beneath the grave stones, constructed at a time when jews were bain to ported daily from the warsaw ghetto to the treblinka extermination camp. ah, with the help of anthropologist alexandra yon was, they found one of the survivors in israel. opera, hom commie, was 14. when he hid here. in my view, this experience of like being with ad there's was very important. he didn't say that in like her directly. but when he was describing the that process of hiding in different places, also here he always mentioned to other people who were with him. so i think that was like that the core of the experience of like also being with others. blue natalie, a roommate studies video recordings of interviews conducted waste up go home kami where nearly 80 years after his ordeal. he talks about what he experienced. ah, he identifies the bunker at the cemetery as one of the high downs that he used describing it. exactly, the entrance was made up of jewish gravestones or massive art that could be pushed aside. ah, the walls were read forced with bricks that were originally intended for a most liam, for jewish soldiers killed in the 1st world war. railway tracks formed the roof, which the massive ot or grey stones then rested on. they conceived the hide out. but what was it like inside the bunker? abraham caught him. he said that was of course quite car i'll take during the holocaust. so some people jump inside and they use few months, a vault. he even remember exact to the name in the city name written in the months of law. and they tried to pull on and off. of course it's really heavy, so that was not easy for women and girls hiding there. and there were days they were like, he said 30 people inside. ah, the very idea seems shocking that bunker is so small that there's hardly enough room for the scanning equipment. how could 30 people survive here? daily food rations in the warsaw ghetto amounted to just 180 full calories. according to michelle ash cowski from the cultural heritage foundation, that's less than a 100 grams of bread. ah, it's not known how many of those who used to hide out actually survived elsewhere. there were other even more unlikely. high doubts natalia romika is on her way to southeast and poland, where 2 jewish brothers are said to have survived the holocaust. by hiding inside a tree that was at least the story that she stumbled on during her research. in the grounds of the mansion in the vishnu over region, there are oak trees that have stood here for centuries. the mansion itself has been turned into a cultural centre. the director takes us through the exhibition he's especially proud of an old $100.00 snotty bill. it shows a tree affectionately named yoseph that's located in the grounds. and that's exactly what brought natalia ramos here. the trunk of the 650 year old tree is where the he, me brothers, i said to have taken refuge once again, natalia turns to modern technology to unlock the secrets of the past. this time, her aim is to peer inside the old oak tree to see if it could indeed have been used as a hide out. you're using site specific equipment, not only this one, but also like a special a camera to find any traces. all for the moment where the 2 brothers follow, he me were hiding in display for a few years. the sense of anticipation is huge as she joins the trace specialist to get a look. so the up, she gets her 1st glimpse inside the trunk. they continue their ascent. joseph is 30 meters toll at its widest point. the trunk is nearly 7 meters. horizontal plane passes right through the middle of the hollow trunk. clearly the work of humans, the higher they go, the more evidence they find that the tree could indeed have been used as a hide out another plank. it can't be a coincidence. we so at least 5 shelves, wooden shell, for wooden shove and one metal. and probably that a semi broad there is that still we have this se archival research is ongoing. they used as a says, as elevation point to fight took just like to observe the situation. and from the holes, we have like 1234. so m, it's incredible that the dis survive the war. additional drawing footage helps to document one of the most incredible hide outs used during the nazi occupation. it would appear that this majestic looking tree helped to save lives. a bosco's camera could help to turn up more evidence to support the legend of the hey, me, brothers. this is elena jenkins at the wood because the tree is living and constantly changing the openings in the trunk that would have once provided access to the inside have grown over. in some areas, the bosco camera will allow the researcher to get a detailed look inside the images show that the tray has been mr. medically adopted in side o'clock this. oh, so a federal them will shown to this one, shows an eye and screw. natalia is now convinced that the story of the he, me brothers is true. although she found no proof of the existence of any one under that name in the archives they survived the holocaust. one of them probably was here in a fifty's late fifty's the and then that name, in my opinion, that was not he me may be funny which may be other name. and then we will prove this, and maybe the families still lived somewhere in israel on states. it's a long story, but silly clothes in clothes living inside a tree was a desperate measure necessitated by a desperate situation. it's very hard to imagine our like, you know, like methodology, you know, of the surviving every day. it's like a and the pick ology, the leaving the treats out of our, i think i'm imagination. so it's, we should also use their different tools to, to, to, to think about it this time, ah, you tools bring to life the horrors of that time and make them accessible for a new generation. natalia ramos wants to reflect on that and has come to po kenya, palace for some time out. the palace belongs to the child to rescue family who are well known polish aristocrats. the child to risky have always been great art collectors, art and architecture interest. the researcher because they can help us relate to events of the past. under the company's time, this place was totally destroyed and was a part of the hospital for the family. ne tucked at his key like 56 years ago, start to renovate this place. and they estoppel h a r to nation, which supposed to be and the will be that one of the best arts foundation working with a young artist in the future in this castile like during the holocaust. and the, during the 2nd will, will everything was destroyed by the nazi so, and this is also very tragical story. but the like real tragic story was in a ghetto here in parent kenya, which is her. yeah. change everything, like almost all juice from this area were killed. the german occupies annihilated the jewish community. even the gravestones at the local jewish cemetery were plundered. the cemetery was destroyed, very hardly destroyed during the holocaust time. and the 14th and the nausea also took so much a vote, some of them out to the, to, to build a new part of the gestapo. a place like a offices in nearby to class or in a, in the arrows. what? who yeah. it said in the neighboring town of years of, of natalia ro make has come across another war time. hide out nuns at a local monastery. i said to have had a secret door leading to a basement where they had jewish children from the nazis. and here it is. hidden behind a normal door, the secret door was disguised as a storage rack. it still looks just as it did 80 years ago or the rack could just be flipped open, providing access to the basement, hide out the nuns, provided the jewish children with food, allowing them to survive the holocaust in to day, the catholic nonce teachers, school children, my question is if the children are aware they're inside of their cluster is dis, secret days and the place it's actually going to the seller and probably know so oh, so one of my goal will be to, to product this place and to renovate. but oh, so to find the idea how to make a cost again, the same i was in a jewish them entry and the in a joseph oak tree, but also here her next stop is the city of livid said near the german border before the 2nd world war it was part of germany and known as glides. the city is famous of being the starting point of the wall, as, as god staged and attack here, which hitler then used as a pretext to invade poland. oh, for the regions lodge jewish community, it was to spell disaster to day all that remains of jewish life. he is a few buildings like the former jewish mortuary day at kindly asked me to read, designed his place. and that was a big issue, how we can change the place, although there are no jews in dr. it's anymore. so we thought with their new function like how we can implicate a new spirit for children. this more to cultural school for a pencil as young jewish museum, whereas know the history is actually and not visible anymore. making what was lost visible again is the aim of the exhibition put together by natalia ramos and carolina. you, coven, coal, an expert on poland. jewish history, the exhibition highlights jewish influence on society. ready one of the inventors of navia cream came from here, for example, and many of the men fought and died for germany during the 1st world war. we should remember that to we are living in the ruins of fed jewish architecture, actually as a ghost our he, dr. mostly it's actually that we have a ghost of memory. ah, ah, natalia roommate and caroline, a jak of ankle drive further east. the heading to the mining town of she menu of a sketch lusgate where they came to research another extraordinary story of jews managing to hide from the nazis. yolanda kobylinski segan. nick is descended from a polish mining family that hid jews in their home in so doing they put their own lives at risk. but she says stories of such heroism was swept under the carpet after the war. at various points, the government actively cultivated anti semitism, so there was a need to be cautious. the common is tisha propaganda. communist propaganda probably had a lot to do with why people didn't talk about it any more makers broken harden and felt reluctant to share their experiences and stories. if i take came crashing, natalia ro make is fighting to remove the silence that still surrounds poland. jewish history and to publicize the stories of jews in hiding. oh, this is the house where the kobylinski family gave refuge to jews. the 2 researches of visiting yacht vega, coby, let's go who experienced that time as a child. she invites the research as into her bedroom. this used to be the kitchen, she says. and during the war they would often sit there together. okay. yeah. but underneath the kitchen was an underground hiding place for 10 to 15. people built by yet. vegas, father in law, a pure tra could be let's corrected. kennedy hello, a trap door led to the chamber. with the help of neighbors, they kept their jewish guests supplied with food. that too was dangerous. as not all polish neighbors could necessarily be trusted. to movies that i know those people who are like her for a money or for i different sources they will selling basically juice. yeah. and they will like it. and of course in a, in a polish she still graphy. it's like still taboo. and of course, we should talk about it, but the family of how many of the co billets they were, they were heroes. a representative of the family was honored by the state of israel as righteous among the nations attired who used to distinguish non jews who risk their lives to protect the jews during the holocaust. but yet vega could be led sc says the family has received almost no recognition in poland. so she's came to support natalie's work to that. they are a lot of hiding places that nobody is taking care of. of course we are talking about the people or so metals how that opposed. we're really brave. it's fine. but i think we need also to show the other site back to warsaw quoted without the support of international organizations. natalia romika couldn't continue her work. germany's again a hankle foundation is among those funding her research as is the talbot center foundation for the renewal of jewish life in poland. people this centers holly said, lieberman says, commemorating the old jewish hyde outs is key. the question is, in a world like ours, in a continent of europe, where there are so many hiding places and killing places in saving places. how do you create memorials which really speak to people to day? give people the honor who created them for those who saved those in these hiding places. a creative approach is needed the basement refuge in a copy. let's carm, has long since been incorporated into the house and no longer exists. so natalia romika, who's also an architect plans to create a model of the also bringing to light the refuge that was hidden for so long and telling the life saving stories that it enabled. next we visit the neighboring town of bench in up until the holocaust, its jewish community numbered 20000 people. piazza yoko vanco is committed to safeguarding the last remaining traces of jewish life. here, together with others, he set up a small foundation. in this apartment block, the group has managed to rescue a former jewish prayer room. the original frescoes are still largely intact. the place had been due to undergo major innovations. had the work gone ahead, the very last trace of jewish life invention would have disappeared. but the foundations intervention changed all that all plan with her natalia is now working with them to preserve this last pace of living history from benjamin's jewish past. good will that we believe that soon. this is part important part of mention history. this is important part of polish history. in the pre we're benzine though, we're about 80 such places as in the, in the, in the area had to be hundreds of such places in poland there, there was thousands of such a places and almost everything was destroyed with people during the war together there working to challenge the culture of denial, refusing to let the past be forgotten any longer. thank you. the foundation has produced a map showing sites that highlight benjamin's jewish history that natalia wants to know if any war time hiding places may have survived in the town. lots of your through jak vanco believes there's unlikely to be anything in the town center. for one simple reason. a all the population was re settled till to the ghetto. a which was that the poorest and neighborhood of engine mostly before it was before it became became a ghetto. it was and they brought off a polish workers, very poor fella kind and part of the city. and from south dakota they go. so going to have a so the 2 of them head to the former ghetto in benzine, beginning in may 1942 jews were deported from here to outfits. ah, piazza remembers hearing one story from a polish woman whose family was allowed to continue living in this house. while more and more jews were being re settled in the neighbourhood. she was just a small child at the time table. she was sink and these jewish people going in and out to their barn family barn, which was sending over there and taking some box full of something from the barn. and she was asking her mother what these people are taking from our barn. and her mother told her, do not ask this question, this is dangerous, this is not none of our business. let me bear not to ask. and later on she did, she understood that these people were constructing a shelter, a hiding place under the barn. the barn has long since disappeared through yucca vanco think it probably stood where the garage is today. a few old bricks in the hedge could have been part of it, but was so little to go on. it's impossible to know. one thing is certain, in august 1942, the germans began deporting people from here on mass. the whole area was searched every house, and all the people were deported. those who are at, who were not cooperating, were, were killed on the spot, and is dest. his hiding place was discovered by germans during the axiom. one of the 2 entrances was through the oven. and one of the german soldiers, i accidentally pushed her the one of the tails of the oven. it, it fell down and it, and some, some voice from dancers was search. and that's, that's how they, with this cart. then a watcher and gas was palms into the, into the indigenous hiding place. and all the people were, were murdered. a brutal and tragic ending. natalia is determined to try to locate the hide out probably will be possible to the out in gara dark to try the traces. and the caller could also show us where was exactly the hiding place. with creative ideas, natalia romika, those around her are seeking new ways of making the past accessible. even for those who don't want to hear about the holocaust, yet vega could be let's get, needs know convincing. i instead natalia's here to show her the model of her home with the basement hide out. but they plan to exhibit this model to the public and tell the stories of those who survived. thanks to the hideout, talk to back up with one. up to 30. people squeezed into the bunker twice as many as it was designed for a but here downstairs was they had very little air and whenever they heard an unfamiliar voice at the door, they were gripped with fear. the seller had they been discovered. would they be betrayed? ah, natalia romika says the high dance are the architecture of survival. her role is to bring them to life. whether it's a 650 year old oak tree, the ground beneath the barn and bench in poor an underground bunker at the wall. so jewish cemetery concealed under the grave stones. ah, natalia romika has come here with a colleague to produce a silicon mold of one of the walls. or the walls provide a protection from the dock threats posed by the world outside. she says. and threats to freedom and human rights still exists today, right here in europe. so natalia roaming is an interested in creating monuments that simply look back to the past. instead using her imagination. she wants to illustrate the parallels between the past and the present day. they will be like an open book says of the memory and together with the archive. a research day will show us not only the fear, the tragedy of the hollow cows, but also this architectural tools that they're used during the time. and the specific her narration that we know only from there down deep down the mold of the wall, doesn't just symbolized the horrors. natalia ramos says it is also a testament to courage results fullness, and she had determination to survive. and the altruistic actions of a few taken at great cost no risk her. the global population is growing, which means we all need more energy, petroleum, nuclear power, wind energy, for maybe hydro energy, reliable and, or sustainable. and what does the feature of energy look like? made in germany in 30 minutes on d w. o. oh ah ah ah ah, this is the w news live from berkeley is britain's top. lo, micah, a rule breaker. anticipation is high ahead of the.