A party backed arm relaxes in his bid for the top job and the greens name and then a bad fall as their candidates. Are really mohamed thanks for joining us a jury in minnesota has wrapped up its 1st day of deliberations in the derek show been trial without reaching a verdict protesters rallied in Downtown Minneapolis calling for justice as the country braced for the jurys decision towards florida 46 year old black man died in Police Custody last may have to show that pressed his knee on floyds neck for several minutes the prosecution and defense made their final arguments in court. Guilty or not guilty thats the question 12 men and women will have to answer while the country waits the defendant Derek Chauvin was fired from the Minneapolis Police Department Last year after george floyd died in his custody a video of the incident shows chauvin holding floyd face down with his knee for more than 9 minutes its barks nationwide protests against police brutality. I cant breathe in resting its case the prosecution tried to persuade the jury that this was not about condemning all police but holding show been responsible for his actions in only you. Have the power. To convict the defendant of these crimes. And in so doing. And in so doing declare that this use of force was unreasonable. It was excessive it was grossly disproportionate is not an excuse for the shocking abuse that you saw with your own eyes and you can believe your own eyes. As the defense made its closing arguments chauvin who had declined to testify remove the mask that had been hiding his face for most of the trial. Officer show then had no intent to purposefully use he did not purposefully use on lawful force its its these are officers doing their job in a highly stressful situation. George floyds death rekindled a debate in the us about Police Tactics that rights activists say disproportionately impact black minority and poor communities as the trial came to a close activists gathered outside the courtroom. Like go or whatever way this road to go we wont stop the lawyers saying. Protesters are awaiting the verdict in minneapolis and the surrounding area where over 3000 now. Tional guards have been sent in anticipation of unrest. Well for more on this lets speak just on simons who is outside the courthouse in minneapolis so if i we know the lawyers made their closing arguments tell us more about what were the main takeaways. My take yours are what will was to be expected and that was that the prosecution tried to connect that the dogs are connected dots they need to make a connection and try to strike the jury where they really want to make the point and that is that derek sholin did something he shouldnt have done and that he is responsible for the death of george floyd the prosecution played that video or parts of that video again which the whole world maybe has seen 9 minutes 29 seconds on with their showing kneeling on the neck of george floyd so this was really important for the prosecution on the other hand of course the defense tried to poke holes into this they tried to portray their showing as a responsible. Officer a reasonable Police Officer and reasonable and real Police Officer and reasonable doubt this close together and this made they tried to make this connection they have to as you as will just find one juror who disagrees with everybody else perhaps and then this will be a long haul for the jury to deliberate or could even be declared a mistrial so well have to wait how this will work out as you say not so hot things are going to pan out but realistically how do you how do you think on the vertical pan out in terms of you know like in seeing a conviction all of. This is really hard to say this is somewhat of a guessing game right it is really its a tough job for those jurors to to deliberate now and they can take their sweet time doing so they were advised by the judge to avoid personal bias to avoid to be sympathetic full one argument or the other that they really. Have to try to leave all of this behind the door outside of their deliberations room and they all sequestered they have no contact with anybody outside. They have access to all the evidence to all what is said and was said in 3 weeks of trial to all the videos is it its a hard job and of course there was the acknowledgement that there is always an implicit bias everybody from arse everybody of us carries of course so now they have to get over this in find a fair evidence oriented based on the evidence of. A conviction or a judgement guilty or not guilty for all 3 counts so tough call as to speak to us from the courthouse well a 2nd look at other stories making headlines around the world chats president interest areas said to win a 6 term in office extending his 30 year rule Opposition Leaders boycotted the election comes as the military said it defeated a rebel group advancing on the capital in germany. 28 czech diplomats expelled from moscow have landed back home their removal was in response to pragues deportation of Russian Diplomats who were implicated in an explosion at an ammunition depo in 2014 the e. U. Has condemned russias retaliation as dangerous. Former u. S. Vice president Walter Mondale has died aged 93 he was 2nd in command during the concert and this tradition and champion for the democratic partys liberal wing mondales own bid for the presidency ended in a landslide defeat to Ronald Reagan in 1984 i am not going to exploit. That germanys ruling conservatives the pits to be a step closer to choosing who will be their candidate for chancellor in this years general election senior members of merkel c. D. U. Party have voted to back our men lash it to run as the candidate for chancellor last it is up against Marcos Sergio who has the cd use the variances to party the c s u has said he will respect the decision of the c d u d to ship. Meanwhile opinion polls show there will be stiff competition as the greens announced their own candidate for the 1st time. With 2 Party Leaders one needed to step aside and did so making an early now bear book the 1st green chancellor candidate ever in her 1st speech she promised a renewal in german politics and a departure from the status quo. Cynicism after a few im getting a must make changes to create a fair country a country where Daycare Centers and schools are truly the best places to beam a country where caregivers genuinely have the time and above all the resources to care for people to come and a country in which the state functions digitally and serves its citizens. A diverse and cosmopolitan country a values based and strong democracy after. The 40 year old became politically active within the green party in 2008 focusing on foreign and Security Issues only 5 years later she entered the border start the German Parliament at the age of 32 there she quickly and respect for her thorough nasa knowledge of detail she has a degree in International Law and spent several years abroad in the us london and brussels she now lives in potsdam with her husband and their 2 young daughters best series yet they carefully choreographed announcement came in sharp contrast to the bruising power struggle still going on within germanys conservative party both contenders there were quick to react to bear box candidacy. And early enough by congratulating an early now bear book and i can promise her that the c. D. U. In germany is looking forward to a Fair Election campaign. Volunteer going by it and. It will be about the 1st place conservatives the greens hopefully it will be a fair good and argumentative but also ambitious election campaign. To me so i would be very happy to be a part of it but we are not there yet you know me. Well the conservatives us still squabbling internally. Already focusing on the general election and september and on becoming angular machall successor. The russias Prison Service says it has moved jailed Opposition Leader alexina valmy to a medical facility of all these doctors say he is on the brink of death 3 weeks into a Hunger Strike the u. S. And e. U. Have warned moscow of consequences if he dies in prison. This is the prison compound where alex a novell me was being held and where he went on Hunger Strike 3 weeks ago his health deteriorated so rapidly that he has now been transferred to this medical facility at another prison the russian officials call his condition satisfactory his doctors say he is that acute risk of Heart Failure they are demanding access to their patient but we spent 2 hours here waiting on these health is in Critical Condition but unfortunately we were not allowed to see him. The Opposition Leader survived a poison in with nerve agent last august he holds the kremlin responsible for the attack after treatment in a berlin hospital novelli returned to russia and january where he was promptly arrested and sentenced to 2 and a half years in prison. In washington has threatened moscow with consequences of an avanti dies in custody now the e. U. Is also speaking out. With russian authorities was punctual for the whole situation no mr ali russias reaction was swift. The health of convicts in the Russian Federation cannot and should not be of other nations concern. And have only supporters have called for mass protests on wednesday the same day president putin is set to hold his state of the union speech. Well nate dies in prison on his watch when the whole world is looking at this torture that this most most prominent political prisoner globally is now going through i think this label of killer will not be something that will ever get come off mr boltons name. The dramatic situation is adding fuel to ready soaring tensions between putin and much of the western world. Now its a massive shake up in european football 12 top clubs from spain italy and england have announced a formation of a breakaway Stupid League the new midweek competition will be independent of europes football governing body us. But geminis top clubs by new nick andrews to dortmund wont be joining those fans have released a statement saying that they and by and rejects the super league prefer a instead to reform the existing Champions League. The jewel in new wafers crown its biggest money spinner but the Champions League is now under threat from a Breakaway Super League a league of europes top clubs that had been discussed semi secretly for a while but the plans have never been as advanced as this billions of euros financially backed by the u. S. Investment bank j. P. Morgan if there is interest by these kind of players these Financial Institutions it means there is. A potential for a Bright Future you wait for the governing body of european football has we acted with fury one top member says he thinks 3 of the 4 clubs in the Champions League semifinals next week will be banned for their roles in the super league. Yes promoter referred to Chelsea Manchester city and real madrid saying the clubs must go and i expect that to happen friday then we have to find out how to finish this Champions League tournament. You a fire in the footballing world stand united against these graceful selfserving proposals we have seen in the last 24 hours from a select few clubs in europe. Outside of anfield stadium Super League Club liverpools own fans showed their disdain for the super league which their heroes are now part of a sentiment shared by fans of Super League Clubs elsewhere in europe. The beauty of the european football is about its diversity and what were seeing now is the concentration of wealth power and the top of the game in the hands of a few clubs. Want to give up on its cash cow the Champions League without a fight with the super league is digging in and both sides are reportedly ready to launch legal action. After watching take care. And you hear me now i guess we can hear you and how the last 2 years gentlemen songs now when they bring your uncle out man call as youve never heard have surprised yourself with what is possible this magical really what i want. To talk to people along the way maurice and critics alike joining us from applesauce. Alan lives would be a lot more inconvenient if we didnt have Battery Powered devices. Thanks. A cordless shaver powered cordless screwdriver t. V. Remote vacuum cleaner lawnmower. No one robot handheld if i can i might buy a drone Remote Control cars the battery in my electric car my cell phone cell phone battery camera battery so i can take pictures youve got to have batteries. Consumers would love to have a powerful Rechargeable Battery that fits inside this mall. Or one thats nice enough to use with the drug. And of course it has to last for ever. But some conventional batteries can pose safety problems. Researchers in germany are working to eliminate a number of technical flaws that have plagued batteries for years. And European Companies that make batteries are starting to catch up with the Market Leader in asia. This is europes largest manufacturer of lithium ion batteries its located near the town of color in north and with area. I have any power mountain biker last year my wife and i took a cycling trip through the we wanted to have a night at a place that was 2500. 00 metres up we were about a kilometer away when the battery gave. And i just wish that i can tell the rest of the why. Is the founder and c. E. O. Of the b m said Battery Manufacturing Company is 3000. 00 employees designed and built batteries for all kinds of applications. Its real this is a lithium ion sound its the foundation of the Power Systems that you find in things like electric cars and garden tools the size and you cant use just one south you need a complete system that includes a number of sound. The electronics and the housing. The emma said produces 200000000. 00 of these cells a year in germany and at its factories in china poland and the u. S. The batteries on this essentially line will later be installed in robot long as. The cells are outfitted with an Electronic System that makes sure that they dont overheat or overcharge while the mother is working as is the human one of the most of the sounds are not also lendrick own like this one not the automakers in the us years house 6 there are 8600 cells on each Battery Systems on the margins of the b. M. W. And v. W. Sells look like a person. Sounds come in all kinds of shapes and sizes refer are about 150 different sizes that are used right now in various applications. Theres a version this one is quite sane the ones in south arms are even. The company pays close attention to making better cells that are built to last. Name address this is buster we try to take into account things that can happen with certain we did i think carpenter dropping a cordless screwdriver from the roof. Sometimes people will test the total device at the store to make sure that the battery still was there are good to live in. These situations are simulated in the special the poetry. If the battery survives it can go into mass production. The m. Says engineers even create custom made batteries about 200 different designs a year there is usually no problem finding cables cases and other gear used in Battery Systems but there have been shortages of cells. Thought out act that happened in 2018 and the problem is world wide only for corporations might sound time santa sonic sony samsung and l. G. Most companies essentially sold sounds to the highest bidder so i was a real problem for some customers around europe. You know not over are not. Including p. M. Said right now there are only about 40 large factories around the world that manufacture battery cells. 89 percent of all lithium ion cells are manufactured in asia the rest are made in the us. Asian companies have a big advantage in this sector. To find out why we talked to martin vinter a professor of Materials Science energy and electrochemistry and a world renowned expert on batteries. Just more beautiful 1st cell phones camcorders and even the 1st computers that used batteries simply didnt have an adequate Energy Supply system computer on that part of the house but the lithium ion battery changed all that. And sense a lot of portable Electronic Devices are manufactured in asia. The production of lithium ion batteries has become huge theyre born to and thats been the case for years. But now we plan to catch up to them. In 2018 battery cells with a total capacity of 34. 00 lives were produced for portable electrical devices growth in this sector was rapid at 1st but is now leveled off. But the demand for eco batteries has risen sharply a total of 100 kilowatt hours for these systems was produced in 2018. Statoil you believe its essential france to produce more battery cells in europe and one job in 5 years depends on batteries directly or indirectly all sorts of different devices use batteries like laptops and cell phones but none of those batteries are made in europe and batteries make our phone. Percent of the total value of the product. Right now germany imports about 2300000000 euros worth of lithium ion battery cells pay here. China recently managed to overtake japan and south korea in the sector. Chinas industrial growth has been remarkable in any case but beijing has now made the development and production of batteries a top priority. China is trying to reduce air pollution by building more evie it calls. It sheena arms after china decided to boost production of battery cells or government encouraged Foreign Investors via laurie numb to earn 70 percent of the company and in one year 50 or 60 new businesses were producing cells but in europe were talking about just 2 new companies its not enough its that we have to work faster in the untried. Current full costs in the case that by 2028 worldwide battery Production Capacity will be nearly 10 times what it was in 2018. The total amount is expected to reach more than 2000 gigawatt allis. China is expected to account for 62 percent of Production Capacity and europe 17 percent china has invested in a number of european battery factories. Then we start with. China is doing very well in this sector because the government is easing regulations to promote electro mobility and life to china doesnt have a lot of experience with producing internal combustion engines so its now focused on electric vehicles. And theyre doing this to cut down on air pollution and theyre big cities. So theyre in a good position right now to move ahead with this effort also songs poems but here in europe the Auto Industry has to take into account of the concerns of various interest groups. And that is slowing the process of making the transition to electric vehicles and ive been long gone to the n. T. Much often this is germanys 1st big battery cells tree its being built in the state of the range by a Chinese Corporation c a t l. Plans for the project were known steering state visit by chinas Prime Minister in 2018 beijings initial investment was 1800000000 euros. Chinese Technological Innovations will combine with germanys industrial no. Didnt just say about could. I wish that we could have done most selves but im glad that this factory will be built in germany which fans enjoy shocked shocked when they see a total revenues for the 1st half of 2020 amounted to the equivalent of 2200000000 euros the president of the corporations European Division is much send. The new factory is housed on the site of a German Solar Energy company that went bankrupt in 2018. The companys solar world was undercut by foreign competition much of it from china. Oh yeah im with us that were just left want used to be the solar World Administration building over there were clearing out and reconfiguring some of the facilities. To the right well have the buildings that house prototype production for the Quality Control of our interests and product storage. And were just Getting Started by this factory will soon be up and running for this. Center says that the company was considering several other sites for the project. And for. The primary factors in our decision were the costs of labor and energy. And can still go 3rd chiba in Eastern Europe there would ultimately boarded with on the we dont look at some other locations if you can cause its own war but we were impressed by the availability of Renewable Energy here in the state of her in jail doing what i want from so youre free in your balls now make up 40 percent of the states total Power Production and. Thats essential for the production of this technology. Which is supposed to be Climate Friendly Renewable Energy plays an increasingly Important Role for us also all of us with him everything the Company Plans to employ up to 2000 people at the same time a u. S. Based Corporation Tesla is building a new battery Production Facility just outside belin. Its called the gigafactory and will also build electric vehicles its due to open later this year. Research has at the university of minister play an Important Role in helping germany catch up to the competition from asia. Mass inventor and his colleagues are working to develop the next generation lithium ion batteries. And the Research Center is under construction here funded in part by a 500000000 euro grant from the German Government. Martin vinta is known worldwide for his contributions to Battery Research he advises the German Government and serves on a number of expert committees. These scientists are developing new materials to create batteries that work more efficiently. This may look like a sheet of thin cardboard but its actually composed of High Performance and material. But. If it were not wish to operate we stack them on top of each other to increase capacity from one of the couple to theater. But only a few of the components that theyre studying here will actually be used in the new research factory. In the d. C. Office before forcibly from that we want that facility to expand on existing Research Hope of property if a particular process works at least in principle at one level well do some small scale tasks and if those tests are successful well move the project to the Research Center and test it on a larger scale we want to avoid wasted effort as much as possible we want to make sure that it works here before we take it over there before we start. This high tech equipment is used to make this ultra thin strips of material under the watchful eye of chief engineer over who would. Then this sheet is placed in upon him a pound each. The final step of the process involves adding a few traps of liquid electrolyte to fill the remaining space in the battery. Straight. Before you go to the cells ready now for. Lithium ion batteries have a very simple structure a key. Have followed positive electrode and or negative electrode. To prevent a short circuit the 2 electrodes are separated. When the battery is challenging electrons flow from the Positive Side to the negative. The battery cell is enclosed in a public pound. The pouch is then filled with an electrolyte solution. As the battery charges positive lithium move through the electrolyte solution to the negative side and stay in the end graphite. This process continues until the layer is full. Trans also travel to the other side by a separate external circuit. When the battery is being used the process has referred us to. The end releases electrons through the external circuits and they flow to the cathode this creates the electricity that allows the battery to power the device at the same time the positive lithium ion sweet turned to the cathode. Lithium ion batteries have a number of advantages. They can power an electric car for several 100 kilometers. Recharge quickly so you no longer have to leave them overnight. Either but theyre also relatively inexpensive when you factor in the cost of operation and the resale value and theyre also comparatively safe those are the main reasons that these batteries have become so popular. Mass inventor is certain that Lithium Ion Technology will continue to lead the way for the next 5 to 10 years. A key component of these batteries is the catheter and. This is what it looks like under an electronic microscope the cathode consists of metal oxides. 8 percent nickel 3 percent manganese and 2 percent cobalt. About 70 percent of the worlds cobalt comes from the democratic republic of the congo. 10 to 20 percent of congo is mind at illegal sites like this one. Its hard and dangerous work. Brocas often from china by the cobalt or. Most of congo is extracted at surface mines several of the countrys largest mines are controlled by china. Local residents dont benefit much from the sale of the cobalt thats mine near their homes. Other valuable Raw Materials are used in cathode production for example lithium makes up about 2 percent of the total. Much of the worlds lithium comes from south america. Lithium salt is often found in underground reservoirs of brine the liquid is pumped to the surface and then stored in open basins where it is that parades. After with the material is sent to a processing facility where the lithium is extracted. Critics claim that this process can cause serious environmental problems including contamination of Drinking Water in parts of argentina bolivia and chile. The 1st lithium ion batteries contained a cathode that was made exclusively of cobalt. Later versions replaced much of the cobalt with other materials including nickel and manganese the cobalt content has now been cut to about 10 percent. The Battery Industry has cut down on the use of expensive and environmentally harmful materials as part of the effort to reduce the Carbon Footprint of its products. Card. For years asian manufacturers didnt pay a lot of attention to sustainability. Thats changing because their customers are specially manufacturers and germany has demanded a lot and so the Asian Companies have had to make adjustments on the other hand weve focused on Sustainable Technology from the very start and that gives us a big advantage as. The recycling of battery Component Parts has become more widespread in germany this startup facility is located in the state of saxony. Company c. E. O. Christiane hunnish where the recycled batteries are as good as the originals. For cell phones being usually are but we did have a battery die once and a baby monitor. The company has developed a highly sustainable method for recycling lithium ion batteries. Anybody remember this is where we extract the electricity from the battery we then feed that electricity into the facilities grid. Right but. Once the battery has been fully discharged itll be taken upon us. E. U. Regulations say that at least 50 percent of the batteries contents must be recycled as most Companies Meet this target by including casings and cables but critics say thats cheating. Its often difficult to get to the battery cell itself that will have to change in future designs. Once the cells are removed theyre sent off to be shredded. This process takes place in an atmosphere of nitrogen instead of oxygen to reduce the risk of combustion. Here we see the graphite from the batteries. And the electrolytes and. The shredder is about the size of a shipping container batteries contain Hazardous Materials and they are transported to the recycling center in large quantities but the real materials that come out of the shredding process all say. Custom harnish plans to build 17 of these machines in facilities throughout europe. One just hard so this will pay off in the long run because its a Sustainable Way to dispose of old batteries on. The left of a role materials are then sent to a sourcing plant christan hunnish plans to set up 6 of these facilities in europe. Given whats going on this is where we sort out the heavier materials from those we use a magnet and an electro magnet to separate the aluminum and steel component off or down here theres. A large decided the lighter components are processed so that we can remove materials like lithium. Nickel manganese and graphite. Gone or. Those components end up in a bag like this some are sucking companies incinerate this material to extract the missiles that christian hunnish plans to take a different approach social construct wed like to be able to turn it into material that can be used to manufacture new batteries but much harder how shared. A number of chemical processes can extract the role materials used in the thin ion batteries. For example inorganic acids are used to isolate lithium graphite and other recyclable materials. Some tests have reported recovery rates of more than 90 percent. Stand it Recovery Processes achieve a race of only about 25 percent. Depending on the type of battery so. Until the chemical Recovery Process has perfected most of the materials that cant be recycled will simply be incinerated. Recycling can help extend the life of the battery but what if scientists were able to develop a battery that lasts much longer. Than. If you drive an electric car youre aware of the battery limitations. Of the indicator is near 0 if you hope that you can squeeze just a few more kilometers out of it. Less than this. Is a professor at the Technical University and hes an expert on Renewable Energy systems and with his team is working on a project that analyzes why some batteries last longer than others. Have those who knew about the lever doesnt follow through. We take a look at all the various factors that can influence battery life so why do batteries age differently because the way i drive my car or ride my bike the battery of that the boat does temperature play a role its much food does it take a look at these battery cells and this one of them is quite old and the other is fairly new. Were trying to figure out how batteries age and what we can do to make them last longer than we did with the. Result and his experts have developed a kind of stress test that measures all aspects of the batteries performance. But you get paid from here could you will feel about we use this equipment to create a profile of individual batteries for example how theyre charged fast or slow their overall performance how a car battery responds to acceleration we can simulate all of these factors right here. And we also test the batteries in this climate controlled chamber. Temperature is a key factor an increase of 10 degrees cuts battery life by half. Weve speeded up the process because a good battery can last 1015 or even 20 years and we dont have that kind of time of the floyd they. Have to which they did to italy analyze the results of the stress tests. You could maybe its now well look at the batteries contacts. Of the sites our 2 batteries performed quite differently the image on the screen shows battery number one the weaker of the 2 i and we can definitely see some distortion valve. Is the size these are places where damage can occur. And also short circuits. So be overtreatment could in fact i thought so this is what a new battery looks like hardly any distortion its all and thats how its supposed to look. So what coolest those distortions in the 1st battery. Cell and his team will carry out a detailed examination. They cut open the battery so that they can study the cathode and the end. Around so like this one is actually nothing more than a thin flat cell thats been rolled up. A Research Assistant take samples from the batteries defective cool and from the exterior which is still intact. From these samples they build small test batteries called button cells that include a fresh supply of lithium. I think or new york and the us you can see on the graph that there was a loss of lithium. And once we added a new supply of lithium to the body cell that by that area showed up as almost completely whole lot less so the cathode in this case is still intact. The lithium was probably lost on the anode side and we can apply this knowledge to the design of future cells of to get so perhaps we can add more lithium to that merely if youre behind. This kind of data will be critical to the future success of battery cell production in germany. And this will help consumers get more out of the batteries that pallet their favorite devices. Did offer some advice on how to use batteries properly. Lithium ion batteries age the fastest and when theyre fully charged. So you should limit the charging time as much as possible and you should never charge the batteries in cold temperatures for example dont charge your phone while youre Walking Around outside in winter the battery will get cold but dont start charging it until you get home so it can warm up before. And you should recharge the battery as often as possible. Not fully but often. So dont run the battery on your phone down to 004 you recharge it a little. So. Its like pulling on a rubber band you know if you pull just a little bit itll last for a long time but if you pull that rubber band hard all the time its eventually going to break. Loose lets do this and avoid high temperatures to a 10 degree increase it will cut battery life in half you can believe. This is germanys 1st large scale battery production factory the vox logon take a factory. But everyone uses batteries for all kinds of. Almost endless you know you have to get used to charging them just like you charge a watch dog and also that once you do that itll be fine. Hunk luma and Thomas Hoffman are in charge of the v. W. Caitiff factory which is located near the city of studs in the state of north rhinewestphalia. Preliminary operations began in 2019. The factory is a joint venture between v. W. And the swedish battery manufacturing north volt. It also is the 1st step in production. This is where we make the pastry and old material on one side cathode on the other. The roman tiriel for the paste are supplied by the Chemical Industry and a lot of research has gone into its composition. Materials make up 80 percent of the total production costs. That tree many factories in china are way ahead of their german counterparts but with factories like this one v. W. Hopes to catch up both in terms of materials and manufacturing technology. But with that we run a lot of tests to help achieve optimum of foam and supersmart but were not yet in the series production. So we want to mix and our Knowledge Base to create the best possible condition despite what the dog will bring. Some are good some of its always good to Learn Development basics 1st and then move on to the big investments. Or to the cells that are made today by the giga factories were developed somewhere else in a small Scale Factory and we plan to do that development right here you know the source of the obviously the girl. As production ramps up the factory is expected to manufacture is 16 hours with a better use by the end of 2023. But thats not nearly enough to power the new v. W. Electric cars that will be ready by then. So for the time being german or to make us will have to rely on batteries that are made in asia but that will change in the years to come. A Pilot Program here has been producing lithium ion battery cells since early 2019. With the muslims and this will remain the dominant technology over the medium term for the company. There. But new types of battery cells are on the way scientists at the pollen Hoover Institute for material and Beam Technology interest in are at the forefront of this research. Modesty could often end up if youve got a ticket on your found in the battery runs out and also stock thats why usually i printed out your just to be on the side of stock markets the. Us is going all the lithium sulfur batteries all the way of the future. Stephan cust and his team are developing one plate batteries that will work well with drones. Lithium sulfur that phrase. Big advantages over lithium ion cells. The cathode layers dont use expensive and environmentally dangerous materials like nickel and cobalt. And they have a High Energy Density which means that they are more powerful. And the structure of the lithium sulfur battery is quite different. The cathode is made of carbon and so the and it contains lithium. When the batteries being used electrons split off from the eno and move to the cathode. The lithium ion is move over there is well they react with the sulfur to make lithium cell phone this continues until the battery is empty. When the battery is charging the sulfide dissolves and the process runs in reverse. The main advantage of these kinds of batteries is that the materials in the cathode also lightweight. Carbon and sulphur. The carbon has to have a low density and it has to be. So it can absorb the sulfur. So it is a Common Element so its inexpensive. Fish to go see the one element the key material in this battery. Lets take a closer look. Metallic lithium is highly reactive thats why we keep it isolated in this chamber this box or. The chamber is filled with argon gas which doesnt react with the little animals because. Its in the same extreme vice or lithium is extremely soft and can break into crumbs as you can see here or does animate us leads and its also extremely reactive so the electrolyte decomposes quickly that missed so thats. By design were trying to find electrolyte material thats more durable so the battery can run more cycles. Todays lithium self is sells off the High Performance but they wear out quickly. By members often highly because some call the lithium and the holy grail of electrochemistry. Finish and if youve been working on lithium sulfur batteries or some time i was convinced that would have gone on the market eyestrain years. Defo know if a team has been working on this project for 10 years but commercial production still see in some way home. In any case these lightweight batteries are now being tested for use with. Scientists also trying to make lithium sell food thats really safe. Lithium selfish cells are generally safe but accidents do happen thats why scientists are working to develop solid state batteries. Doesnt cut old montreal in the 1st couple of click happy material moves through the solid state and lecture light and then attaches itself quite sure. To the current collector. In a fix you can see that were using a flexible cathode for this process. Its not brittle and all its wood is highly efficient solid state electrolytes are still in the Development Stage but they have one fake advantage over liquid electrolytes they cant catch fire. By definition there are no Flammable Liquids in a solid state electrolyte. Some of these are made of ceramic last materials which is porous enough to allow the migration of the lithium ion us. Solid state batteries could eventually play a major role in the production of electric vehicles. But what should we do with batteries that have outlived their usefulness one option is recycling as here in amsterdam. Which looks as if. You are standing there in the cold trying to get your phone to open the door of your car to go but you cant because the battery said its too cold. So you have to hold the phone under your arm until it warms up. Old combat trees are a key part of the Energy Storage system at the stadium home to the i. X. Amsterdam football club. Is a facility has a backup power system thats run by 148. 00 vehicle batteries. Provide the electricity the lights that you see here. Like b l e ds and the scoreboard and father brother. If the emergency system kicks in the only thing that people will notice is a brief flicker in the lights. Its a big improvement over the stadiums old diesel powered generators. Solar panels on the stadium roof and wind power from local installations add to the electricity mix. The palace Storage Units are located in the basement. The batteries have only about 70 percent of their Storage Capacity left but thats good enough for this project he doesnt but there are some of these batteries have 150000 kilometers on that we took them out of the vehicles tested them and then put them in these cabinets the Room Temperature is a comfortable 25. 00 degrees. We expect that theyll provide electricity for the stadium and the Regional Power grid for the next 10 years and thats about. The electricity thats generated must match the consumption exactly the batteries serve as buffett is. And ive got just you can see here that we charge the batteries before yesterdays Champions League match to provide a backup power supply after the game we discharge the batteries ran them down to 50 percent capacity right now theyre supplying electricity for a dutch grid operators at the time that. Mark has spent tries to get the most out of his past trace but he doesnt want to overwork that. Software because. Weve developed software that compares the age of the battery and the amount of money that it can earn by generating electricity. At syrian con will keep charging and discharging a battery as long as it continues to produce revenue. To get the sim does it but when it can no longer do that well replace it was it good for you. That it would have as much to. The batteries of electric cars and the Stadium Parking lot can also come to be palleted the great. So why those intellect all those pockets you could have 2000 electric cars connected to the system. And theyll not only charge but also discharge electricity into the stadium grid the effects and ill use by directional charging stations. So the vehicle not only takes in electricity when its charging but it also sends power back into the grid when it discharges. And if that much though to me asked by. The success of europes Energy Transition will depend to a large extent on how well we are able to exploit the storage potential of electric vehicles. Goes out also the big challenge right now is not the technology it. Its getting the politicians to create conditions that will allow germany to continue to lead the world in the production of Renewable Energy and in the manufacture of automobiles and at 6. 50 full time we have to bring these 2 sectors together. And we need a Regulatory Framework that will allow us to do that. For the regulatory shuffle for example the government taxes both the charging and discharging of an electric car battery but not a Stationary Battery or something wrong its Little Things like that. We have to do better we have to be more innovative with this and we have to be bolder venomously whats going on. Me and mark one woman versus the military. Saying suge knight mike de facto head of governments disempowered and detained people arms amending. The regimes forces are responding with violence why is the noodle peace prize laureate such a threat to the powerful generals. Close up. In 30 minutes p. W. How does a virus spread. Why do we panic and when will all of this. Just through the topics covered and the weekly radio program. If you like and the information on the coronavirus or any other science topic you should really check out our podcast you can get it wherever you get your podcast you can also find us and again w. Dot com look forward slash science. A little guys this is the 77 percent stuff about 45 to super tuesday issues his share i guess. You know doesnt look so quite. Young people didnt have the solutions to view jobs amongst. The 77 percent now every weekend on t w no. This is state of the unions live from the face of battle to succeed and the magical c. D. U. Posses leadership bax im going to lash out in his bid to run for chancellor in septembers election will struggle isnt over yet and has caused divisions of germanys governing closer to the bill also coming up to. The murder trial the world is watching the jury wraps up its 1st day of deliberations in the case