Be told it is for. The. Beethoven is for. Beethoven is for every man. Might open 2020 to the 50th anniversary on through. Russia calls it relief for the world the shipments contain the back sing candidate sputnik. 2000 venezuelans will try it out including a member of the president ial family. In it or france or queen equally poor in this Clinical Trial phase my son nicholas an estimate duro guerra told me of his decision to be vaccinated with the russian vaccine to join the trial i think its very good by the sea movie him. By the roots was the 1st foreign country to receive batches of the back scene last week india is also interested in testing it. For russia it could be a spark nick moment like the one in 157 when the communists launched the 1st satellite. In august russia declared itself the 1st country to approve a Coronavirus Vaccine high risk groups have been receiving sputnik 5 Health Workers journalists teachers china russia is being deployed in the shots before full efficacy trials are complete the results are promising the vaccine has been met with some skepticism washing his hands multiple times a day just one of a series of hygiene measures gulper in undertakes the doctor doesnt want to take any chances with coronavirus but he knows of vaccine would offer the best protection against covered 19 thats why his volunteer to take part in testing a new russian one. Someone has to do it without Clinical Trials they are no medicines and the effectiveness of a vaccine can only be evaluated in the 3rd phase of Clinical Trials. Is to treat your 4. Stage 3 of the. Files began a month ago but the vaccine which has been names footnote 5 was licensed already in august before they began mass inoculation in russia is planned for later this year something numerous experts have sharply criticized the russian government rejects the criticism it says the vaccine has been developed from already known substances and doesnt pose any health risks was russia urgently needs an effective vaccine the country currently has the 4th highest number of corona virus cases worldwide and the numbers continue to rise with around 6000. 00 new infections each day. Galperin and other doctors working say they are not worried about the vaccine safety. Off the roll the vaccine has already been tested on several well known Public People and theyre doing quite well because these public figures include Russian Defense minister sergei surely google moscow mayor say gay so beyond in and one of president Vladimir Putins daughters ports and p. R. Material. Since part of russias Strategic Interests to always want to be 1st irrespective of whether its a revolution or the 1st flight into space now its about saying that were the 1st to develop a vaccine internally were showing that the situation is under control x. Turn away its a signal that russia is still mastering its role as the savior of the world. And. Some young galperin isnt thinking about his countrys p. R. Plans just now the doctor is here because his hoping to help win the fight against the corona virus pandemic. We are tired they wanted to be over the new vaccine would help calm people and offer a way out of the situation. It will most likely be at least several months until the results of the face 3 trials known only then can the actual effectiveness and safety of russians put nick 5 vaccine be assessed. Know about safe works at the International VaccineAccess Center of the Johns HopkinsBloomberg School of Public Health so will the russians be the 1st. And look there are lots more lots of people to achieve a vexing its not about whos going to be 1st its event as many people as can cross the finish line really to have a safe and effective vaccines we want multiple winners here and there are vexing is certainly you know doing moving to phase large scale phase 3 is as are many others and we want lawson shit to occur after the completion of those things 3 is when we have good safety data and good if you can see that or that the vaccines actually work and lots of people we want to succeed here not just on one group or another on the point of safety have the russians been fudging the numbers of some of accused and skipping parts of the trials. Theres no good solid evidence that theres been any concern about the numbers the detail that was given in the russian papers and it was excellent you know the quality of the evidence was as solid as any of the other published papers the there have been some lay reports on blogs and so on those really dont hold water when examined fairly and statistically so no i dont have any more concerns about this group than any other group of tickling. The modified common cold viruses behind such vaccines have been studied for decades but still not widely used why why is that. There are number of other vaccine platforms that have we have a lot more experience with the advantage of adding of our very good vaccines ease that they are potentially capable of privilege bring almost a antigen to the immune system and so there and they vector itself is designed to be known up look at ing sort of card causing friction the capacity to do that to get that city to develop these vaccines has been in development for quite a long time but i recently has a really rich lawson shot under the pressure really you know developing a vaccine against of all of ours and thats been a success so thats good and we would like to see more of these vaccines Going Forward claiming a lot more experience with them particularly around safety and around if you can see but theres no reason to suspect that theyll be problematic vaccines in fact theyre likely to be very good vaccines where we have a range of potential at and of ours vectors some more frequently encountered by human populations than others then that differences of detention that could arise among the different products and that some of the detail thats coming out from some of the scientific literature but as a platform had you know its a really exciting platform and we hope that theyll be lots of opportunities to develop this platform that respects analogy beyond this pandemic into the future also whats the certainty you know the vaccines that pass phase 3 will be successful for the wider population. Theres never a certainty you know hes built on uncertainty and falsifiability so its really a golden and methods as rigorous as they can be and its important that we continue to evaluate the vaccine even after that its rolled out and even after it she was last ensuring phase 3 things 3 trials of the trials that demonstrate large scale you know in terms of tens of thousands and collectively close to hundreds of thousands of People Safety even disappearance and important efficacy against disease so it actually protects human beings against disease thats the time that we require philosophia. For a vaccine is very rarely hopeful because as you know a series sound very rarely their society has the right have the pros and cons as we go back since they were potentially harmful but very rarely so but they are very very beneficial and frequently so so its always a question of balancing the risks and benefits and that correct balance requires good science groups or violence and good evidence Going Forward beyond phase 3 and beyond licensure wellington any use of hopefully in future use youve said its problematic if a vaccine is designed to target the disease and not the infection why. Well its not exactly right about your clothes i mean or vaccines or you have designed to target disease but if i see a complex situation Current Record of ours because we have widespread infection and transmission occurring globally i think my public expectational is that once a vaccine is available we go back to the way things work and we stop mosques and we stop social distancing and thats just judgment of whatever that saying at least in the initial phase can do the end of the vaccine is to reduce disease and to use it in volatile groups at least initially in the 1st round of vaccination if a vaccine is given to those at high risk and not toward the body clearly transmission will continue to it could you know if you didnt receive the vaccine but a year from now or year and a half from now or 2 years from now when the vaccine is more widely available it will be critical to demonstrate that it actually reduces transmission and not just reduces disease because if it doesnt do that then the other ways to reduce transmission to continue with face masks and so on. One could imagine a paradox whereby if the vaccine continues to allow transmission and works less well to protect against disease in the elderly that you know paradoxically. Address that comes could get worse not better so we need to be very careful about how we deploy vaccines on the basis of the best available science and evidence around what they do what their efficacy hes against you know about say thank you very much for joining us thank you for having. And its that part of the show when we look at your questions on the growth of virus is the w. Science correspondent there are. There any countries Testing School aged kids on a wide scale to if so what are the results. Because covert 19 in general at least doesnt affect children as severely as older people kids in general have not been tested as much throughout the pandemic its simply been a question of resource allocation but the lack of really solid data has also led to a lot of speculation that kids might not be much of a factor in spreading the disease throughout Wider Society which has in some countries influenced things like decisions to reopen schools but now a big study from india could cause authorities to rethink that idea it focused among other things on Contact Tracing data from 85000 confirmed cases in 2 states there in total it looked at test results from over 500000 contacts that occurred between people who were infected and the people they gave it to or didnt get and one of the most interesting takeaways was that it showed kids actually do pass the disease on to other kids especially those in their age group which would include for example kids in the same class at school what the study wasnt able to clarify was was how often those kids subsequently might have passed the virus along to adults but but even so the evidence now looks pretty compelling it indicates that the idea that kids dont really spread covert 19 doesnt really hold water which a lot of researchers have said shouldnt actually come as a surprise. Saburo long for another covert special season. After a. Confrontation between china and taiwan the superpower is threatening to invade its neighbor. How serious is it how is china justifying its claims. The ws Richard Walker analyzes the causes and dangers of the conflict in taiwan chinas next target close up. Next on d w. O india. Its a payment undone by. The dog whisperer if indeed it was the problem of exploitation indigo has since become a symbol of sustainability and success thanks to a project at the edge of the himalayas. In 60 minutes on t. W. Every 2 seconds a person is forced to flee their home. The consequences and to say asterisk in our documentary series displaced depicts dramatic humanitarian crises from around the world. Fuck it then we dont have time to think i didnt go to university to kill people and i think the fact that. People feel for their lives and their future so they seek refuge abroad but what will become of those who stay behind. Displaced starts october 16th on g. W. Preparing for war in taiwan. The taiwanese military forces craning for a scenario they hope will never happen a chinese invasion from across the sea. Taiwans president herself a time when it comes to rally the troops. Taiwan has good reason to worry facing its giant neighbor across a narrow street of water. This year chinese warplanes have flown close to taiwan over and over again probing the product until taiwanese find its intercept. And out it seems chinese warships back to the sense of constant threat. Because i one has lived with that threat for more than 70 years but now its rising to a new level and the world needs to pay attention. Under president Xi Jinping China has been flexing its muscles more and more openly not just on occasions like it 70th Anniversary Parade this year in one of the most remote places in the world chinas mountainous border zone with india out of the blue a sudden escalation in tensions between chinese and indian troops left dozens of people dead chinas Defense Ministry published videos of its forces training in tibet the message seeming to be were ready for anything the relations with the United States have soured to the brink of imbue cold war with donald trump and she jim pain at loggerheads over a huge range of issues within its own borders to the northwest china has ignored International Condemnation of reeducation camps part of a sweeping crackdown on its weaker minority. And in hong kong since a wave of protests began last year china moved more and more aggressively to assert direct control of this former british colony. And this summer the arrests of communication critics began after a new National Security door stripped away many of hong kongs freedoms. For the people. Of this crackdown in hong kong is whats most chilling of all for taiwan china. Sees the selfgoverning democratic island off its southeastern coast as a province of its own a place that must be brought under its control and heres the thing china says that it reserves the right to take taiwan by force in a speech just last year president xi jinping the brain threat like this woman puts her more functional. Barlows how it should be outsourced to the shoe shop. No wonder people in taiwan are increasingly worried i think china in the moment of expansion are trying to expand outworked the threat is very real and therefore our taiwans preparation is also very serious what is unfolding hung on right now i think gave us a hard lesson that we really need to do better to safeguard our democracy 20202030 is the most dangerous time in my opinion for a conflict china over these disputed territory and as well see its far from certain that taiwan would get any help if china did mountain attack so in this video were going to ask what could actually happen were going to examine 3 possible scenarios guided by experts whove been studying the risks for years ranging from china chipping away at taiwans defenses to a marquee an extension of an outlying island crimea style and in the final and most dangerous scenario an all out invasion something that could not only be a disaster for taiwan but bring china and the us to the brink of a war that would change the world everything that happens in medicine already happened under the shadow of a potential nuclear war because thats what this could be. Some of what were going to see and hear is genuinely frightening but if this year has taught us anything its that night messin our egos can happen and its better to be prepared planning. And think through what their actions could look like before we get into those scenarios were going to deal with 2 important questions why does china want to take over taiwan and 1st of all what is taiwan it sounds like a really basic question but this is no ordinary place theres nowhere like it anywhere in the world. This story takes us back to 949 when the island was known as formosa not out of the china sea years for most of ones home of asiatic pirates and about it is a hard mountainous leisured by learning about the size of massachusetts and connecticut combine it was the aftermath of the 2nd world war and mao zedongs communists had one victory in chinas civil war a conflict that had dragged on for more than 2 decades the defeated nationalists led by Chiang Kai Shek found refuge on taiwan where they planned to regroup and now to fight back from their charm helped to launch the attack that will drive out the garbage chiang side was supported by the United States but that dream of conquering china turned out to be a fantasy instead with the cold war came a kind of stalemate. All along both chiang and how insisted that there was only one china and that they were the rightful ruler of it. Chiang was a fervent anti communist but he was no democrat he ruled taiwan as a military dictatorship right up until his death in 1985. It was only under this man later. Quake the taiwan began moving towards democracy. Riding convoy is being described by the International Community and also bua lot here in taiwan as the father of time with modern day democracy and why is that he is the key person who really cared a step by step democratize ation from the early ninetys up until the night in 96 when he held the 1st democratic president ial election in taiwan history and of course he won that election by a very comfortable margin and he just went on through further consolidate all the Democratic Institutions here in Taiwan Police reforms were a historic turning point for taiwan. Ever since taiwan has made huge economic strides and flourished into an open raucous Democratic Society of almost 24000000 people. And how to deal with china has been one of the major battlegrounds of taiwanese democratic policies from 2008 to 2016 former president pursued a policy of trying to improve relations with china. Economic times grew stronger. But eventually there was a black. Student protest called the Sunflower Movement sprang up in 2000. Accusing me of going too far with a Major Chinese trade agreement. People feared it would make taiwan to depend. On the election cheers later sign when the opposition d. P. P. Party swept to office she became taiwans 1st female leader on a platform that was far more critical of china and