Problem to deal with rising sea levels Climate Change is making the old very one notable city more vulnerable this is equal india and on some of that today we dig deeper into how coastal cities around the world are getting ready to battle the rising sea. 8 of the 10 worlds biggest cities are located on the course but none of them have the natural protective barrier against the rising sea but the city of mumbai its vast. Occupying less than 0 point one percent of the planets surface mangroves are one of the most valuable ecosystems but theyre threatened. The clock seems to be ticking for indias most populous city mumbai. Scientists predict the rising levels of the arabian sea will wipe out the city in just a few 100 usd. First inhabitants but the. Traditional fisherman who have lived of the bounty of the sea for generations. Today they are on the frontline facing the threat of the under lending arabian sea which surrounds the city on 3 sides. In just dont use some fishing villages in mumbai have lost a monumental 18 meters of land to coastal erosion. But luckily the region is gifted with a robust protective barrier along many parts of this coastline the mangroves. Mangroves are. Situated between the ocean and the land mines which reduce the intensity of the crushing big by acting as a buffer. They also are like sponges by soaking up excess water to prevent inland flooding and by releasing tiny droplets into the air to regulate the citys temperature mumbais monks. Are in grave. Injured through her. Absence fisherman come look up over her is but it about the future of the place he calls home. So good mangroves get cut down indiscriminately you see garbage everywhere even industrial plants release the chemicals here. One sank and polluted the waka so many fish have died and the ones that remain cant breed fast enough. This catch is steadily decreasing a clear sign that the mangroves are not doing well just so are. Many parts of numbers mangroves have succumbed to indiscriminate pollution about 30 percent have been bribed out who were the last few decades but thats not all. Illegal constructions which happen people with bad. Structures the reconstruction. Thing is that this is one of the biggest threats still mangle because they have set up 3. Weeks of inside the mangoes inside dense mangoes and the legit from going into them and degrading this is. Used to be a place. For fresh air now you can barely stand there because of the nature which is coming out of these dumping grounds into the creek. Then 100 cases of mangrove destruction reported in mumbai in 2018 both on government and private land the government has now hired additional security. Some a grip the ballot guns to bankroll this ghostly forest against integrators and greed hackers there is no doubt that without its mangroves mumbai stands little chance against the rising sea levels. Now nobody in my generation had seen anything like the 2005 floods in mumbai people will be needing to make deep muddy water in many places many were trapped in cars where doors couldnt be opened toilets were spewing soiled water back into homes the next part of our story well show you how a Small Community of indigenous fisherman is working towards avoiding exactly this. None of our walks through the narrow alleyways of fishing village every day with a sense of gratitude if you look young. To look it up. In 2005 when floods ravaged the city of mumbai killing over the tauzin people his village was largely spared this was an eye opener to realise it was the mangroves that had protected them he started a Grassroots Movement with the neighborhood fisherman to save and protect more than a 1000 hectares of lush mangrove surrounding his village. In the one and here we are. Working from adelaide washy and. For the men to come in to help we help. Our action on our own weve got any kind of equipment to get out of mangled bodies so give us one of the more resources well you do need all of the you go with you when you go out to the community he says although he was there for. Now a full time activist through the movement to form the sri 8 leaves at this time a Community Organization its aim is to restore the mangroves to their 4. Thank you thank you fisherman seaver out and clean the incessant flow of solid based on a daily basis the organizer of venice thrives in the local community to help families understand the importance of mangles to their lives. For generations the coolies the indigenous fisherman have caught fish and the large bonds of water filtered by the areas expansive mangroves that line the eastern coastline the fisherman who try to eke out a living from the means lee amount of fish they bring back after a whole day of fishing know that their livelihood is in geo paddy many fish species available in abundance in the past are never seen in these waters today the mangroves in mumbais North Eastern corner have traditionally acted as no cities providing food and shelter for several marine species including crabs prawns mullet snappers and groupers. Dry and fall into the soil the soil is basically still. There it starts decomposing the crabs they go with the leaves and are the best asians or the start nibbling away at it and created a. New brand or. Was it for us so that it becomes neutering for the soil are the kitchen of the oceans this is where the food is prepared and articulated across the continent because the law because your shins. These waters used to be fertile but the process of degeneration is now well underway because of unchecked pollution and illegal land grabbing local fishermen keep constant vigil and allow the organization if they notice illegal encroachment or poaching often members of the Village Community have been part of the problem. Theyve been. Im thing i do believe in them dont do this dont do this but people are not going to listen to me. Who are finally going to the court i will go on the high court and file affidavit again the illegality that is happening you need to stop it immediately and all the structures. With the help of Party Department in 2009 and the area you know what the mangroves that none come out on his Community Protect up out of the ecosystem that occupies only 0 point one percent of the earths surface thats. The state of maharashtra which mumbai is a part off is the only state in india to have a mongrel sense dedicated to their conservation. The sale relies on participatory models like. To save the citys mongrel father. The contribution of bondo fishing village missy minuscule today especially to many of us who may have been of bolivias to the role mongrels have played in protecting the vulnerable city like mumbai but its time to the initiative of fishing communities like this one at the front line of the ocean swell that the rest of the city may now stand a chance of braving rising sea levels in the years to come. Now my is not the only city in the world that has to cope with the impact of rising sea levels sea levels are rising more and more across the planet but why is this happening lets take a look at some facts the primary cause of rising sea levels is Climate Change as our planet heats up glacis a huge masses of ice melt faster this means that even more water flows into our oceans massive ice sheets in greenland and antarctica are weakening breaking off and melting steady and water expands as it warms about half of the sea level dry. For the boss 25 years is a tribute to warmer oceans simply occupying more space on average the sea level rises 3400000 meters per year but oceans do not function like a top that keeps filling up research has shown that seas actually dries unevenly putting some communities even more trees than others. And this means we have to act to limit to Global Warming and we must adapt to changing Living Conditions and develop new ideas for example is it possible to build homes on water the dutch seem to have a solution and architect a farm in amsterdam has built a neighborhood ship a clean ship floating entirely on water take a look. Of living on water in the City Center One day more than 100 people live on the canal in amsterdam. And Marcus Schmidt and his wife Yvonne Tunney south are among the 1st residents. To the slums could prove its a different way of life all this light here the water sparkles and reflections everywhere. And now yes you experience it much much more. And somehow youre closer to nature when the wind blows and you open the door a gust of wind will come rushing into your face so you feel everything very directly. Their house is one of 30 buildings that are part of the project. Each building has its own design. But they all have one thing in common they float on special concrete wrong its fastened on 2 pillars the Swimming Foundation needs to be able to carry several 100 tons a misstep will be balanced precisely here at home if it is one of the project architects because up front you have to go collate every thing that you put on the boat how heavy it will be because if you put in too much. Weight it will be too low and then the water starts to come in so its why we make a lot of calculations but front how heavy the boat will be. 20 different architects were involved in the project the houses were built on land and then brought to the dock by boat sustainability is very important to be inhabitants skin skate means clean ship. They want to achieve is to show that you can live on water with very sustainable houses and in a Sustainable Way in the sense that we as a community so we had 30 high levels of what we wanted to show to the island to the world actually. Sustainable and eco Friendly Materials we used for the homes this is the facade of pedal right time his native cool you have loads of discussions with a whole group and we had help from from different. Pfizers on materials so we ended up with a list of green orange less than a red list wreckless was a no go orange was ok if you really have to because of course reasons or technical reasons but prefer try to use only materials from the greenest so corcos on the green list and we like this very much so that was our choice to do so the project is to stay in the bill in many other ways to toilet waste is converted into energy in a nearby by a refinery the residents produce their own. The city using solar power and very specialist that we got permission from the government to have us own small Electricity Company we all have a vetri in our house and theyre all connected with a small smart grid system so we share electricity and if we generate too much for over 3 needs then our neighbors can use it and so that we only have one connection to the main system. Living on water has a long tradition in our. House boats can be seen on almost every canal one of the 1st floating districts was built a couple of years ago in a district of. 50 houses on artificial islands now the trend is spreading to other european cities. In london for example where british architects but cant are planning Floating Homes in the royal docks. Company hagen has responded to the lack of Affordable Student Housing with the socalled. 12 floating houses designed by stock to be operating on. He doesnt shy away from even greater vision. For 10000 people in regions threatened by Climate Change regions like the netherlands we think we in the future we will need more housing on the water. For several reasons because this the city is very but also because of sea level rising for instance so we will need this kind of projects and we want to be a showcase in that sense we have some requests for all over the world from new yorkers looking to live on the water well to more in the netherlands there are several areas where they are building houses in communities over 5202200 houses even. For yvonne van saka Marcus Schmidt this vision has become reality. 115. 00 square metres 2 floors and a roof garden its almost like a house in the countryside but theres one difference their entire home sways going to be going it was a bit weird. This year i havent felt sick yet but i did have a day where i thought i need to set foot on solid ground. But its a small price to pay for their dream of living on water. Not unlike amsterdam in the city of jakarta indonesia which is sinking at the fastest street compared to other cities in the world the problem is much more creative parts of the indonesian capital have already dropped 4 metres but a rise in sea levels is not the only culprit local residents are steadily depleting the ground water supply below the city which basically clear its an air pocket into which the above it seems attempts to curtail this development have proven difficult because almost half of the jakarta nz rely on groundwater for their data being needs. Its been a while since anyone prayed in this mosque in north. The sea has long since claimed it. It makes. It every time he sees the building. Thinking of this city is increasing. In last few years but you mean a lot because you can. Say their prayers here before they can up. Anymore. The indonesian capital of jakarta is home to over 30000000 people its one of the most densely populated cities in the world and it has a problem. The strength isnt obvious here in the heart of the city but its severe. In the norths home to many fishing communities theres no ignoring the rising sea water this brick wall was built in 2002 in the more borrowed district as protection against flooding the seawall is continuously being reinforced and braced but that doesnt help after a spell of heavy rainfall the want to begin sparring over again joe carter sinking. Theyll go on what is being extra very much and we lost our. Sufferance and the soil its become thinking we have what the expert here and then come along in this. Doubling. Of the c. P. Because its already below our what our natural. Rising sea levels and sinking soil the city needs more long term solutions. Put on gun use to be an environmental activist to campaign for the rights of fishermen nowadays see advises the governor of jakarta and this part of a team working to stop the city from disappearing into the ground hes well aware that anything he plans would have an impact on fishing. There are some 22000 fisherman in jakarta. But these people harvest green mussels from the bait a local speciality theyre cooked right on the beach. 4 years ago the city or sorry to use began building a chain of artificial islands off the north and coast to slow down then subsequence it set a serious impact on deck access. How many kilos do you catch a day about 50 kilos. And what about before the islands were built. Back then weve got about 200 kilos. Now a new part is planned along with the break wall thats actually in the sea 50 metres off shore the fishermen are worried they soon wont be able to catch anything at all. Theyve learned to live with regular flooding but the new coastal wall would mean the end of their livelihoods. As they want to know whether the coastal wall will disturb our access to the sea i say that even if it has benefits for the community the Development Plan has to be discussed with the affected community. Put on gone once the fishermen to be part of the decision making. The covered market where they sell their catch is nearby. Here too its impossible to overlook the citys plight the market was only built 5 years ago but huge cracks are already showing. The buildings in some parts of jakarta are sinking into the ground at the rate of up to 25. 00 centimeters a here. This major fountain in the heart of jakarta belies the fact that clean water isnt desperately short supply how if the capitals population draws its water from illegal wells and vast amounts of ground water are used by the new high rises springing up across town that needs more regulation cesspool and gun. Waste management. Where. This city is searching for ways to conserve the precious resource. Preventing groundwater levels from further declining is essential otherwise jakarta will sink even faster and for. Flooding will pose an even bigger threat. Waste as another problem in the monsoon season especially trash clocks up rivers and canals so waterways cant drain into the sea these days an army of about 12000 trash collectors work around the clock bettering the garbage emergency. A number of components or settlements have already been evacuated and torn down in the name or flood protection. The company of tom cole was slated for demolition in 2015 the hearts were directly on the river and the inhabitants were supposed to be evicted and then they took matters into their own hands theyve torn down parts of their homes themselves removing sections on the water satch the result is a striving Peaceful Community and to residents who take pride in keeping the neighborhood trash free. And theres now a riverside walkway thats a comfortable distance from the water. The Community Also has the support of a team of architects who developed a sustainable model home for its made of stone and ward rather than plastic and sheet metal 7 families live here this is war house like its an owls among them are going more met his wife and their 2 children. Then before and i have window this is important well no because in the past i dont have. Social responsibility Sustainable Water management the people often call have shown whats possible the community has become a model of clean and green living now the neighborhood enjoys state support. Even pull on garden hopes the or sororities are starting to understand that when it comes to ensuring the citys survival the urban poor in North Jakarta are part of the solution not the problem. A precarious future does not mean a towards doomsday it means an opportunity for course correction i hope to be as episode has helped to convict julys the issue of Climate Change and its impact on the many vulnerable communities who will be at the frontline when sea levels continue to rise more and more will see next week with yet another part provoking episode until then the by. Rebuilding a jewish mind. Brain sions all small communities. When michaels children arrived in poland its. None of this was there the new york rabbi moved to warsaw in the 99 days decades after the holocaus