Commute means friending off the grouping of men and women in japan i think times are its an. Honor of able continue that shima germany is celebrating the 30th anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall which took place on the 9th of november 1809. 00 festivities began on monday with 200. 00 events exit visions and artworks like at the Brandenburg Gate throughout the city the light installations at historical sites reenacting the events of that year in a specially Virtual Reality city to a tourist can experience the boleyn of 989 through their own eyes. And one band who doesnt. I need a Virtual Reality because he was there 30 years ago is with me yeah and advice welcome to you mr eisner you were the cofounder of the new form Civil Rights Movement in eastern germany which played a key role in the events which led to the fall of the berlin wall a you are a scientist a monica a biologist for supporting me what was it like living in eastern germany as a scientist and what hurdles did you face you know scientists we were all dissatisfied because of the isolation from the from what was going on in the great of old new developments we learned or these things have a year or a year later best. Now. When did you 1st become critical of the east German Government and what consequences did you face as a result. Critical we were all over that time but in private and more openly and gathering people to discuss matters that came up in the late seventys. When when we realised and i realised for instance that. The eastern bloc. Would calm down economically and ecologically and and the political situation burst and you said it started in the seventys but the wall actually fell in 1909 so how did you channel this discontent in eastern germany in the zia. By retiring into private life would see that i did my my work at the institute for Experimental Work and later on this here at tickle worked with computers it was a profession and then we had family life we were very young and this was very much in private in the shell of a of a well of isolation and. Active isolation from from the great diversion from the communists or rounding and so but that changed in 1809 because you took bought in the biggest protests that essentially had feed on alexanderplatz 5 days before the warfare you spoke to tell us what was it like. I thought our court went there and. When you addressed a crowd of 500000 people and you hear every word you say a dozen times coming back from from overwhelming loudspeakers and you didnt know whether to to speak more slowly or more quickly and more loudly and well and that by slip of paper and just looked at it and tended to Say Something important for for the 5 minutes i was or was a lot of 2 i had to look at it and open exit machine yesterday at alexanderplatz just on that specific demonstration the mood from the pitches i could see looked electric yes the population was was happy it was common of all but those who spoke you must realize that we were the most diverse politically oriented people and looked at where enclosed in sort of coral like like mustangs that go out to their odio off the overt scent and there were people who were not your friends anyway only part of them the others where where the communist leaders sitting around having coffee. It was a very very intimidating in their way insinuating werent you ever scared that the army might move in because at that point the communist regime was still trying to contain these protests yeah that was real danger and it was not sure that even weeks later it was ensure that they would not strike back at some occasion and were very eager not to trigger the military action from the soviet troops which half a 1000000 soldiers were after all in germany and around the lynn so one had to be very circumspect in what to do what to demand how to behave. And probably so did you realize during that true test of shortly after that that the blood in ward would fall within 5 days and that if the last days of the communist regime had gender of that day the people obviously were happy or open minded and hoped that now would become free east germany. Would. List reforms and with the new law it and having the possibility to speak openly we concentrated on the issues that were attacked and nobody thought at that moment strangely enough about that devolved combo and a few a few days later. I was surprised as well yeah i mean i think if everybody was so taken aback by the unexpected and sudden they show off the fault of the war 30 years later and now mr nash what are your feelings youre still hearing theres a degree of ambiguity among eastern germans about what happened and the consequences how do you see it. After all in my opinion it was a great day that germany would become moree unified as the greater german cultural nation would come together again this was a great part of it but of course it was everything happened so quickly without proper preparation and economically it became a complete crackdown afterwards and many people were not satisfied with discontent about but about but that it happened so quickly that they make a side of it but after all its now over united and we have to come to terms with the problems that still are around here in thrice one of the prominent activists who took part in protesters led to the fall of the berlin wall fell to pleasure to have you with us and it was a pleasure. And all this we did w. Is bringing you special coverage and reports on the events leading to the fall of the berlin wall 30 years ago we also have live coverage of saturdays ceremonies and commemorations that of course is the 9th of november the actual anniversary of the fall of the war. Thing in germany and the defense minister has given a keynote speech on her plans for the countrys military speaking at the university of the German Armed Forces in munich and i get a cut in balakot for the nation to take a more active role in military engagements abroad she also laid out her plans for Security Policy germany has taken a backseat in Foreign Military engagements largely because of constitutional restrictions put in place after the 2nd world war. For more on that story im joined by our chief Political Editor michelle a coup for michelle a 1st of 4 tell us more of what the defense minister on a good crop cotton ball has been saying. Well basically she mapped out a much more assertive german Security Policy doubts that germany as a trading nation whose wealth depends on exports should also be present in regions that previously there hadnt been any political debate about for instance the in the region saying that its also an issue of standing by your allies in that region pushing back against an increasingly assertive china so its a completely new tone a new outlook that weve heard here from a German Defense minister and the big question right now is whether what shes mapping out is at all coordinated within her own party less alone her own government this comes just 2 weeks after she mapped out her own vision of a security Zone International security zone in Northern Syria which really doesnt seem like its received any concrete traction also amongst those nato allies now for shes going through a lot of furtively for the German Military but the German Defense forces have been facing the firies of issues so other big changes planned on the on the way compared to what happened in the past. Well the key issue is of course the readiness to take on International Missions she also cited the mission in mali with the horn of africa where germany is engaged and its pushed to its limits many experts also within the own troops say what theyve come convoys said though is that not acting is also an action and again made her pledge towards the 2 percent goal to 5 percent spending amongst those nato allies she also said that she told stoltenberg and the nato secretary general and that she will tell mike pompei of arriving also here in violation of the next 24 hours from the United States that the a must be that 10 percent of that heavy lifting of nato engagement so this is something that is to a certain degree in new tone because she some seems to mean it in concrete terms but the whole debate that germany should be more proactive and should take on responsibility is almost a decades old old debate here in germany now that was previously reserved to Something Like the Munich Security Conference and those think tanks ok go see with us michelle because you mentioned the nato secretary general against started but hes speaking in berlin as nato marks its 70th anniversary the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or nato was set up as a western alliance during the cold war to counter fears of selvage aggression but now the organization is coming under increasing pressure. Against dont come back needs no reminder that todays world is much more complex than the simple east versus west of the cold war years the nature of cheaper stress the continuing danger posed by terror groups in the middle east. Deeply concerned about the risks of jeopardizing. The gains were made in the fight against dollars roy since the nazis are those the reason why were not going to label the friends missing. They all agree that we need to maintain. The vote against bush but the alliance is deeply split makes a cornerstone the us staged a surprise policy u. Turn by pulling most of its troops out of syria that cleared the way for turkey another nato member but working with russia to launch an offensive into Northern Syria. Even before that turkey had irritated its nato allies by buying russian surface to air missiles now russia has become turkeys closest ally in one of the worlds most volatile regions funding is another contentious issue. The us President Donald Trump has repeatedly railed against nato as european members most of which fail to meet the agreed defense spending target. 70 years on from its foundation the Nato Alliance is feeling its a good. And to your vision and with the end of the cold war need just facing very different challenges and as you also hurting divisions within the Alliance Given that what can we expect to hear from secretary general yens starting bag i think he always installed his bases to pledge for unity the interesting question will be whether what was mapped out today by the German Defense minister to have the format of france britain and germany become more permanent whether thats has received as yet more competition for nato. Chief Political Editor thank you very much. Let me now with to bring you up to date with some other stories making news around the wild the u. S. Secretary of state is also in germany for celebrations of the fall of the berlin wall and this morning you visited a u. S. Military base in bavaria hes expected to participate in events in leipsic and berlin later in the day. Moscow is reenacting a military parade held in 1941 when german armies did seize to the City Historic vehicles and soldiers and period uniforms marched under a giant screen showing news really the newsreel footage of the war the d. Of a military honor as its core replaced the old soviet holiday marking the revolution of 1917. Iran has resumed uranium enrichment at an underground Nuclear Plant in a front a significant step away from the 2015 nuclear deal with world powers it comes after the United States be drew from the agreement and imposed sanctions on tehran. Turning out to chile where the president Sebastian Pinera has pledged to raise the minimum wage in an effort to quell the protests that have shaken the capital santiago for most 3 weeks they were sparked by a hike in some way fares but theyve widened into a Mass Movement against inequality. Demonstrators clash with police in santiago unappeased by the governments latest concessions. Protesters build barricades. And police respond. But according to to name Prosecutors Police tactics do not stop with tear gas Water Cannons and arrests they are investigating more than 800. 00 allegations of abuse by Police Including torture rape and beatings. President says his government has nothing to hide he has vowed to investigate crimes committed by police with the same tenacity as they pursue demonstrators who destroy property mean by force it will work well with the same force and rekha any abuse it has been committed and the lack of respect use of force will also be investigated by the prosecution and the court of justice if. Thats what happens in a democracy look at the rule of law thats in about it. What started as a protest over a rise in subway fares almost 3 weeks ago has grown into a movement against what many on the street see as the un in the gap between rich and poor and the lack of support for ordinary people highways are just one of the Many Services chill ams pay for directly Truck Drivers block the ring roads around the capital they say tolls for the roads operated by private companies are too high. If the fences are not if hes hiring agreements have been in place since 2006 the companies have turned back the investment big times over and they keep charging us and people im dead out of it some demonstrators wants a new constitution for today one that protects social services and resources from being privatized for them increasing the minimum wage is just not enough i did have this correspondent nicole surely she is covering that story for us in fenty argo she says mistrust of the government and police remains high. Well president so i stand being it as trying to appease protesters with symbolic gestures like the approval of minimum wage subsidies many see right through him in recent days he has embarked on a Charm Offensive of sorts giving lots of interviews visiting victims of Police Brutality in the hospital but too many people out in the streets protesting again today its too little too late and most importantly it comes from the president that they want gone the protests actually spread out today they didnt only take place in the centric plaza ditalia square people also gathered in santiago financial district and what struck me personally the most was how far riot police was driving protesters into residential areas there were hordes of people that had nothing to do with the protests hiding out in full is not daring to go out in the street fearing the lingering tear gas or being hit by stray rubber bullets so there is a deep feeling of insecurity and a huge mistrust in the police force and that is something the president will have to tackle if he wants to keep these protests from escalating. And that his business could have finished reporting from santiago on the unrest in the chilean cafeteria. Now heavy rains are causing record flooding across east africa more than 2000000 people across the whole of africa are affected or the Emergency Assistance has now begun to arrive the heavier than normal green zone affecting the countrys if you appeal and boss of northern kenya but somalia and south sudan have been hardest hit in south sudan a civil war had already devastated the country and more recent days been recovering from a prolonged drought now the rains are making things and focus to see this more rain to come. Water to the horizon entire villages have been submerged aid workers say theyre among the worst floods in the areas history south sudan has declared a state of emergency rising waters have pushed out more than 400000 people but not everyone can leave easily. Though this is so hard for disabled people like me that everyone is trying to save themselves 1st. But are not all of the water is getting deeper every day and i cant fall in it. We need help to improve the situation here. For the u. N. And aid groups providing relief in south sudan poses a huge challenge a brutal civil war has already worn down the countrys infrastructure and Health System and as waters rise so does the risk of disease. This situation is so bad spent now were living with dead animals waste and garbage all submerged under the water where afraid of catching diseases and getting hurt we need help people are hungry all our supplies have gone with the water were appealing for urgent support we need tents food and places to sleep east africa is no stranger to cycles of drought and floods but experts say Climate Change is making oceans warmer and weather extremes worse the indian ocean which sends rains to east africa is unusually warm right now that means up to another 6 weeks of heavy rain for a region already under water. And taking a somebody in russia can be a harrowing experience for anyone but in japan many women have the additional stress of dealing with physical and Sexual Assault when with every woman there has a story of unwanted touching or grouping its so much of a problem the transport of christians of cell to designating women only carriages a few years ago but that hasnt helped and not and hasnt eliminated the problem now women are taking action to demand change. Tokyo in the morning rush hour the japanese capitals trains are jam packed bodies pressing against bodies for some these are the perfect conditions for she can or groping. I have been touched a lot of times around here and most people i know have had the same experience. Using the air drop smartphone function this pervert s