Protesters break rubber bullets and tear gas to defy a ban on they smashed as authorities begin arresting those who violate the ban activists explain just whats at stake and environmental activists return to the streets to draw attention to the Climate CrisisExtinction Rebellion is taking action in cities around the world paralyzing traffic in occupying buildings and the nobel prize for medicine goes to a trio of scientists for their groundbreaking work on oxygen levels in cells their research has changed the way humans fight cancer and other disease. Im bring golf to our viewers on p. B. S. In the United States and all around the world welcome u. S. President done will trump and his plans for leaving syria are drawing fire tonight from. Of the aisle in washington d. C. Senior congressional politicians democrats and republicans are calling on President Trump to reverse his decision to withdraw u. S. Troops from Northern Syria the pullout with turkey to launch a long planned offensive against kurdish fighters in the region fighters that have been loyal allies of the United States in its fight against a socalled Islamic State leaving in a hurry american troops started pulling out of syria within hours of the official announcement. They leave behind them empty bases near the Turkish Border bases that had been a guarantee of safety for Kurdish Forces us president on the trump abruptly canceled that guarantee by tweet the kurds fought with us but were paid massive amounts of money and equipment to do so they have been fighting turkey for decades it is time for us to get out of these ridiculous endless wars many of them tribal and bring our soldiers home u. S. Troops were in syria to support Kurdish Forces in the fight against the socalled Islamic State but turkey has long resented the presence of kurdish paramilitaries near its border it considers them terrorists kurdish groups in the region have protested the move they feel abandoned by the u. S. And they fear a turkish invasion is imminent. I had the this green light the trump gave to air to one will actually complicate the crisis in the region. People tend. To drop a day that will provide Islamic States with an opportunity to regenerate and control areas such as russia and terrorism were again at the Conference Call it is sort of. Turkish president wretch of Tayyip Erdogan gave the kurds a stark warning that suited the means there is a phrase that we always say. We can come any night without warning. And our determination remains because it is absolutely out of the question for us to further tolerate the threats from these terrorist groups the International Community has raised serious concerns when you would arm for stephenies in the north east we not only exacerbate civilian suffering can be to massive displacement but we were so reask severely are undermining current pretty ticket efforts mitri as you know support there are 6000000. 00 displaced people inside syria there is more than 5 and a half 1000000 refugees in the neighboring countries and its a conflict that has gone on for far too long and therefore any operation that takes place of the moment has to take into account to ensure that we dont see any further displacement. On the ground in syria kurds are waiting for the next blow to fall in a region thats seen its share of misery and violence already. And tonight the situation has become even more confused as trump has issued a threat to turkey trump tweeted in the last couple of hours as i have stated strongly before were and just to reiterate if turkey does anything that i in my great unmatched wisdom consider to be off limits i will totally destroy obliterate the economy of turkey are for more on this now im joined by Jonathan Katz in washington he is a Foreign Policy analyst with the German Marshall Fund and jonathan its good to see you again help us make sense. Syria decisions you know within a few hours today the u. S. President cleared the way for what is expected to be a turkish assault against kurdish fighters at the same time he threatens to destroy the turkish economy if turkey gives quote off limits in syria which message are we supposed to believe. Well this is again a bit of the unpredictability of of President Trump and i think it highlights the challenge for us Foreign Policy makers Decision Makers in the pentagon in the white house and elsewhere that the president has once again this is almost a repeat of what he did several months ago announcing that u. S. Troops are going to withdraw from syria so the question is you know the president a United States got a phone call the president decided without. Talking to his top advisers in terms of what hes doing he tweets out a policy and then several hours later realizing that the policy could harm those that the u. S. Has worked with has decided to reverse course and call for the destruction of the turkish economy so i think a lot of people washington are head scratching but increasingly worried about the president s Decision Making ability and what that means for u. S. National security that of our partners including turkey and he is getting a lot of blowback not only from democrats in washington but also from republicans in from some of his moods loyal supporters right. Yeah the interesting part of this is that the president has managed to anger at a time when i think he seems to be relying on their support politically during an impeachment inquiry process to anger some very senior republican senators who have real concerns that the president is not only in bed and allies kurds but is leaving the u. S. Vulnerable to isis again what we know is that despite the fact that the Geographic Area where isis has operated doesnt exist we know there still remains isis fighters and so for any u. S. President to abandon both the strategic position but also alisons a really difficult and wrong so difficult to those that we partner with and i think that what youre seeing is an increasingly concerned amongst members of congress that these challenges are leaving the u. S. Vulnerable in germany since everyone now is talking about the president s conversations that he has with other heads of state we know we talked with the turkish president last night what do you think errol one said to draw what did he do to convince truong to abandon the kurds in syria. Well 1st of all i think everybody wants to see the transcripts of the conversation between President Trump and president. And i think this is of of deep concern in the u. S. Right now the president is free willing in these diplomatic engagements i dont think that president wants anything new to President Trump that he hasnt said before and so the Decision Making in the reasoning by President Trump and his tweet and his decision on this policy is a mystery to many here in washington. John think thats with the German Marshall Fund in our washington studio john king thank you very much we appreciate it really is. Well police in hong kong have arrested and charged the 1st 2 protesters for defying a new law against wearing face masks during demonstrations outside the courthouse today supporters used umbrellas to protect the protesters identities as they were ushered away the face mask ban has further fuelled violent protests in hong kong. Charlotte shells and pill has been talking with the activists she sent us this report. The chaos now say widespread its been edging on the severity of. The ngo so deep its becoming harder and holiday to escape. Authorities say it scenes like this that justify sweeping new emergency palace. I was but house in the streets the ban on face mosques is having little effect with protesters warning its just the tip of the iceberg. I didnt say at 1st pace that theyve even prior to apply the law and i think thats much much more to come alone is a great deal more and more angry but you never know what the government will put out it was just worried about the whole called the. 10 year chant is among a number of prodemocracy lawmakers challenging the emergency luring cool she says it gives chief executive carrie lamb Unlimited Power to impose what she calls authoritarian measures this is a very very dangerous situation its really taking away our freedoms our human rights and its a pure violation of one country 2 systems and our basic law so no more separation of powers even legislature is under the control of. The room the mail is now in a drive many paranoid about what could come next possibilities range from extending how long the rest of protesters can be detained for to restricting access to Communication Networks and a curfew measures whose reach would extend far beyond the protests on the streets with much of the was violence taking place late into the Evening Police the pushing for a curfew in particular that many of the Entertainment Industry warned that could take even grates a toll on local businesses. And restaurants already suffering with locals and tourists alike often prefer to keep away. One Industry Insider tells me a curfew would put even more jobs at risk. Anybody i might if those people lose their jobs have no idea what to do or what can they do because the government want them to join the protesters is that what the government wants but would see no might think rule. With protesters and authorities both refusing to back down and many in hong kong say the west is yet to come. But heres some of the other stories now that are making headlines around the world iraqs president has condemned attacks on protesters and journalists earlier the government acknowledged that soldiers had used Excessive Force against demonstrators more than 100 people have been killed 6000 wounded in a week of demonstrations against corruption and economic mismanagement a bomb attack has killed at least 10 people and wounded 28 others in eastern afghanistan the target was said to be a passing minibus carrying army recruits in july Security Forces defused several other devices in the area after the blast at least 13 people drowned during a night time rescue attempt near the italian island of lampedusa Officials Say to patrol the buses were approaching an overloaded migrant boat in rough weather when it capsized as the coast guard picked up 22 survivors the exact number of missing remains unknown. Well the Climate Activist GroupExtinction Rebellion has launched a series of global protests to pressure governments to do more about the Climate Crisis demonstrations kicked off today in australia and new zealand in european cities demonstrations brought traffic to a standstill more than 200 activists were arrested in london here in berlin they blocked 2 major intersections there demanding that World Leaders cut net Greenhouse Gas emissions to 0 by the year 2025. To 3000. 00 members of the Group Extension rebellion stay a step process to the heart of bending the face of it is a big difference is the only effective way to draw attention to the Climate Crisis. And i in the scene we decided to do this because for the last 3 decades demonstrations and petitions having to achieved anything even fridays to future the core of the Climate Movement doesnt achieve anything with a registered demonstrations so we have to go further its our duty. They came from all over the country to block off roads new york comic landmarks in the german capital this was part of a coordinated auction with author x. Thanks from rebellion groups around the world their message is clear and one of those who voiced it was come on africa to cutn. Up the german rescue see watch as this mad fight it is time for the German Government to tell the truth and declare the state of the call logical imagine see. The mood was too full but public reaction was mixed he followed a lot of eyes album i usually get around by bicycle everyone should do something to protect the environment if they can. Yeah very difficult but its traffic is already stressful and when i have to make a detour because of the protests i dont know what to go its upsetting. From the victory come on to Potsdamer Platz in. City center the process which had been approved by burning off our cities without Major Incident some demonstrators were confronted by police but the extension rebellion activists continue long after dark to make their presence felt. In the plots in the heart of berlin is one of the busiest traffic junctions in the city and though its normally busy with cars today its also living with climate activists the socalled Extinction Rebellion has taken over the sides in a global process and what theyre asking for through these acts of civil disobedience is drastic measures of climate protection meanwhile the German Government here in berlin has come under scrutiny for not offering these measures the climate activists however are showing them enids they want to continue these acts even though the police is trying to remove them from the sides throughout the coming week. Watching the news live from berlin still to come the world athletics championship melting in controversy over the heat and the empty seats as of reps in doha will tell you who took the final medals even if they had to sweat it alone. The nobel prize for medicine has been awarded to threes audiences from the United States and britain they were chosen for their playing during discoveries of the way blood cells sense and to the bodies oxygen availability. Converting food to energy is a process that wouldnt be possible without oxygen but oxygen levels can fluctuate dramatically in the body. During exercise climbing to high elevations or pregnancy amounts of the vital gas that are available for metabolism very. To keep functioning the body cells have to be able to adapt to these changing levels of oxygen but how does this adaptive process work. William kaylin serpico radcliffe and Greg Samantha discovered the mechanism behind it but i would say that the benefit is understanding this fundamental mechanism for the Practical Applications are yet to come and thats actually whats can try as a great discovery that it opens up so many possibilities and it creates new new Research Areas for example in the healing of wounds treating patients with severe anemia or even cancer in their discovery kalen ratcliffe and cements of have laid the groundwork for a new era of Drug Development one thats now starting to address many dangerous aliments that modern medicine seeks to heal. Your fascination story with me or the studio to talk about it is christoph dharma he is the deputy head of the department of neo natal ag. At a University Hospital here in berlin its good to have you on the show and youre familiar with the research that these Nobel Laureates have been conducting why is it so significant its so significant because they discovered the mechanism of how every cell in the body is sending the out than and is responding to hypoxia no moxie or hypoxia and this is just too little oxygen too much. And even say you can have 2 different situations you can have acute a chronic hypoxia and this is a very deadly kate to make and isnt how is this sends us responding to this because the center has to give signals that certain genes octave ated or suppressed in your opinion be being able to study this and i didnt find this this is this is worthy of a nobel prize yes of course i mean that could be heres a fundamental principle in biology and it has taken more than 30 years that they discovered all these different steps in these complicated cascade of oxygen sending me a little bit about your specialty you specialize in the care of newborns and premature babies how might the knowledge from these the Nobel Laureates how might it help to save these babies these infants lives this is a very good question because after birth you have a significant increase in the availability of oxygen and the oxygen sensor has to adapt to the new environment so if a baby is born thats a 16 weeks too early its very premature it has about 650 grams then all the sudden. A huge amount of oxygen is available and the sensing system goes totally crazy and this disturbed the sending mechanism is primed to detect relative hypoxia and if the baby is prematurely born all of the sudden all these genes that are important for red blood cell production for development and so on are totally stopped so that means then what happens in those 1st few weeks of life could have detrimental effects for the health of that person for the rest of