A matriarchal community in indonesia sumatra. And how the city of athens is preparing itself against the impact of Climate Change. First a heartwarming story a group of undergraduate students in delhi is working with a gandhi women who are refugees in india to make meets booms and those that are ended but most of the 11000 of ghani refugees in india live in delhi project but there is not only giving these women a source of livelihood but also helping create a society with less up lost. In. The desert but beamish the on 30 the old lady on their way to work. The 2 women are of gone for a few. Shes. Arrived in the indian capital 5 years ago with her husband and. Her husband is unemployed she is the breadwinner its a job to produce at the very. Town. We live a happy life in afghanistan. Until broke out there and bombs were falling or any event. My husband and childrens lives were in danger. That spent they decided to come here. Beamish works for the project. The students from delhis karim said of the initiative with the help of the you see the United Nations refugee agency. Is basically an amalgamation of 2 sons geared towards pot through and through basically means their pencils and theres something that you can eat with your tenses so when restarted are the project we would looking for all communities who require that invention are socially as well as economy. And we really had the boys i when we met with axis and you and got in touch with the u. N. And the of gondor a few. Many of gone refugees live in the district of southern including bin ish she earns about 1500. 00 rupees a month roughly equivalent to going to do u. S. Dollars. And work is you. Dont know about the concept of edible cutlery yet. Thats why even though i have been working here for the last 3 years the money is not great we get paid only even. Those boys get sold that would be fair its good that we are doing because we are trying to replace plastic. Eating from plastic utensils can cause a lot of. Very depressed that we both made of for example it is a great thing. Not just for Peoples Health but also for the environment. The base aggressively includes white flour rice and of a protein some of the bones are chocolate im in flavor of the production the kitchen has to be used within 15 days what isnt used can be buried the advil utensils decompose within just 2 weeks. First we make the do and put it into the machine then we ship it and put it into the oven to be baked finally be clean it properly before its meat we can foresee. Experienced groups have had a hand in developing the formula. The food safety of the project has been off the should be approved by indian the tortoise. Biggest principle that its trying to work on this eradicating the use a single use plastic and it is an evident fact that plastic is taking away of oil and its high time that you stop talking and start doing and when your pencils when we go out in the market and then mostly shocked in the. Placement of plastic what do you think so. A lot of potential in that idea so youve been pursuing that since. The world beers to be drowning in Plastic Waste in india Online Delivery Services also generate 22000. 00 tonnes of it every single month. The students have enlisted professional help from the Food Industry to ensure they can compete with conventional packages. Didnt she when we started out we had a little problems going out there because it was a very new concept to the people but after successful venice creation seminars and we did sing out to people like various events and in various called we were able to create a sustainable demand for the product. First there were language barriers interest had to grow too. And have already achieved a lot. To manufacture bigger tent. Sales. We have also gone to stones a couple of times to sell these. Team makes all the arrangements and we head. One ball fetches us one rupee. We also get a share of profits then desolate. 5. 10 minutes india vandeman was one of the most challenging aspect we face with. It was difficult for them to open up was because theyre in a completely different war theyre completely different country with no identity but then with various sessions with the community we taught them their language a little fun learning their languages and with the exchange of cultures you finally able to do. Projects 1st customers is this cafe in Greater Noida it orders between 250. 00 to 300. 00 bowls every month theyre mainly used to serve ice cream it is a stock. Now weve all seen that heart wrenching image of marine conservationist pulling out lumps of plastic bags from the sea to ok but have you wondered what happens to heavier plastics like spoons for example but they end up in a landfill lets find out. If youve ordered delivery for today it might reach you with a non edible staple disposable plastic spoon. An estimated 79 percent of single use items designed for immediate disposal accumulate in landfills for our left as litter around us. To understand the Environmental Impact of these single use plastic spoons we need to examine their journey from design to disposal. What is the life cycle of a plastic spoon look like fossil fuels are extracted with drilling rigs then refined often causing pollution and harming local communities and biodiversity. These materials are then transported to a factory where. They go through a chemical process known as polymerization producing small pellets of plastic called nergals. The pellets are then shipped to another factory where the spoons are man. After which theyre shipped off once again this time to Distribution Centers where consumers purchase them. But even before its been used the spoon has already done irreparable damage to the environment spills and negligent transportation lead to nergals ending up at sea and eventually in the food on our plates at the same time inefficient supply Chain Management means more fossil fuels are burned and more Carbon Dioxide finds its way to the atmosphere and thats not all just 9 percent of all the plastic thats been produced in 1950 has been recycled. Consumers typically only use plastic spoons once. After that they become a solid waste that finds its way to landfills oceans or incinerators. Since the plastic isnt biodegradable it can remain in the environment for hundreds of years we need to avoid Plastic Waste in the 1st place and improve the recycling system. Having seen that the 1st question that pops in my head is is there a way to avoid plastic use all together one of my tools friends or try to replace plastic in her day to day life tells me theyre just possible but not easy to designers in general seem to have found the solution after much trial and error they have bio plastic sheets and bags made of 7 which can be put into a compost heap once you have done with it thats it well lets take the. Packaging that decomposes after its used. That disappears without causing any damage to the environment. Researchers and designers around the world are trying to realize this vision. Among them a product designers katia instance avas. The trigger for that work is the amount of trash that they themselves produce. For the couple have long been aware of the issue. But despite their best efforts theyre aware that avoiding packaging altogether is still extremely tricky. For. 15 years ago we were standing in our pantry wondering why a 3 person household generates a bag full of Plastic Waste each week. Even though were very careful this is. Every day food items cooked meats cheese coffee and tea it all has to be packaged apartment 2 years ago theres a vince started producing compatible film impacts made from cellulose from wood waste which decompose when they come into contact with bacteria in the soil in france italy and switzerland you can put them in the organic waste bin. Indictment of my germany this isnt possible at the moment were working to provide evidence that our film decomposes brilliantly in industrial composting facilities and together with Waste Management companies were also striving to find a solution to the problem of how these materials can be recognized in sorting plants so that they can be turned into compost in germany too. Another challenge is coming up with packaging that seals in a roma for half a year now spend savers has been working on a multilayered composite of all coffee packets. Just like a plastic packet coated with our menu it protects aroma and keeps the coffee from going stale the new product is currently undergoing laboratory testing. Well you just. Every foodstuff comes with its own challenges not serfaty cheeses bioactive coffee is aroma sensitive so every product has its own characteristics and they have to be tested i cant make any assumptions thats the challenge you have to try everything out and that takes time and it takes money because its a course material. But the savings have already won over many customers for the single last cellulose phone for example vegetable supply is like sun mom. The organic farm packs its way as an open crates the heads of lettuce and other salad greens will to if they arent covered monikas some months which to box made of can possible phelim 6 months ago as the german Waste Disposal system doesnt cater for them some mom has come up with an interim solution. If you and your customers can definitely return these bags to us and well compost them not all of our customers have compost heaps or a composting bin but they can bring them back to us from boston and us have some of. The vegetable delivery from would also like to avoid using conventional plastic for their potted halves but because the thin film used for the leafy greens would come into contact with soil in the pots it would start decomposing too quickly causing it to rip too easily. Xaviers have developed a new film for the application it takes twice as long to come past due the new film decomposes in 12. 00 to 15. 00 weeks in Industrial Facilities in natural conditions it takes longer to break down than the original cellulose film so it can come into contact with soil a moisture we can package plants with it without it breaking down straight away. Avoiding packaging altogether is unrealistic in todays global Food Industry but there are more and more alternatives to conventional Petroleum Based plastic film. Box. Shifting focus now indonesia is home to the voice of the largest me because of the mean unc about people here property family mainland boss is down from the mother to the daughter just like in matriarchal communities in care law for example hakim visited vest on sumatra with 4200000 minnows continue to live in practice is centuries old tradition. Shes the boss. So is she. And so is she. Among the people of sumatra the women are in charge. Of our women are strong because in our tradition and culture they hold a strategic position but now one of the leaders the moral guardians that the pillars on the foundation for the women here have authority. What makes this matriarchy even more unusual is that its in a country where the majority of the population is muslim and the power the women hold isnt just symbolic unlike most traditional communities around the world class sons inherit from their follows here it all goes to the women are born. Its the woman who owns everything. She owns the house the property the fish poems the rice fields. Everything needed and really advise me to sit on my thumb at the bottom one. High is one of 2 and a half 1000000 mean im care about women and she lives on the island of sumatra where she produces the most expensive coffee in the world cup most of it coffee beans come from coffee cherries that have been eaten in decades and by the asian palm civet its a highly specialized product and popular all over the world. So i also bought another yeah i actually started this business on my own without help from anyone not the government or anybody else so. I started my separate coffee production from 0. To accept of the. I just thought if other people can do it why cant i business thats my motto thats all ive survived in the civic Coffee Business to this day. Business. Its typically dominated by men. Is the only daughter in the family so she inherited the house and fields she employs farmers from all over the region and determines the prices herself passed down from one generation of women to the next the 1st homeland of western sumatra has been a source of wealth for the people for centuries. This. Talk to make a whole lot younger so i think theres a lot to learn from our women. From their selfreliance. From the respect for other women. And from their independence in the bend of. When mean and care about couples marry the man moves into the wifes house and whats in her fields most men come from other families in other villages opinion about inheritance is divided. In the us if i havent really thought about marriage yet. Thats still a long way off for me. To learn that said michael would have to go i think we should respect the traditions inheritance should go to the daughter of one. M. P. To satisfy cliquey i was educated men should be leaders they should be a man they often need to but in our culture its the women who have the privilege and thats not right and you. Can liken it to religion says it should be the men who lead because women need to be protected thats their privilege and hate the market is going on thats the way it should be im not the only person with this opinion you can see out of the quantum balance as a. Group of. I often get into conflict about this with my family. You have an idea and theres a woman in my family who says men have no rights. Its not that i have no rights we have duties. Its just the inheritance that only goes to the woman what. They mean and care about certainly safe from the threat of male dominance the women are in control they have economic power and authority because of what they own. Every man on what about us and dreams of having a daughter where. I gave birth to 3 sons are. Now in india extreme heatwaves during the summer months have huge step with cautions theres a loss of life in many of the genes in the country Climate Change is not to me anymore and is not exclusive to only some parts of the planet big atoms for example the city has to deal with drastic shifts between extreme drought and hiv aids the new deal stablished office for resilience and sustainability is stoss quick looking out for Nature Based Solutions to make athens climate resilient lets take a look at how its going so far. The renowned athens acropolis seen from the top of nearby mount like a better for athenians like a better us is even more important nowadays because it still has traces of woodland 80 percent of the metropolis is a densely built cauldron of cement with summer temperatures easily hit 38 degrees celsius Climate Change is also aggravating conditions in the drought plagued arid landscape linear mirror valleys had enough their rising heat and a long period of heatwave creates drought and we have problems because also we do have. A different type of rains these days also due to Climate Change we have shorter periods of time that we have enormous amount of water coming down in a very short period of time so this creates flooding and flooding creates erosion so we have this double phenomenon of dryness and a lot of water which also. The land and creates land there over 3 years ago 40 percent of the areas annual rainfall gushed down here in only 5 hours and washed away most of the topsoil. Athens is one of the european cities most at risk from drought and farce fires the deforestation of the slopes of mount like a bit as has disrupted the areas microclimate as well the downpours of recent years turned roads into want water taunts now athens is responding were replacing all the asphalt of the road that goes up and down the hill which is a proximately 3 kilometers taking it off and putting a special type of material that is what the permeable water is a key element when it comes to cooling athens down thats why the head of the citys water works is showing a linear average antiquity the final stretch of a fully functional aqueduct dating back to the you 125 it channels 5000000 tonnes of water a year which until now simply drained. Unused into the at and su is we tried to use it in the 80s but the quality of the water then was not that great so now that we have a very good serious system we can speak again about using the water of the how dreams are conducted not for drinking but for other nonportable uses like for example watering plants irrigation also washing roads or washing. Waste bins so these are things that we right now often use drink of the water to do things that is actually a great waste the aqueduct is still intact here because it runs underground for 20 kilometers its unique in europe groundwater trickles into it along its entire length which can be accessed at over 200. 00 locations downstream the National Gardens in athens is not only in a way says of retreat from the hot citys bustle its also important for the local climate the aqueduct is already irrigating the gardens that in turn cools the surrounding area. The National Garden has Just Launched a project aimed at cataloguing its entire inventory all 7000 trees and 5000 bushes with photos latin names and trunk sizes. Sensors will also record temperature and humidity. The projects findings will be transposed across all of athens. Itll help to improve care of watering of trees pruning and to replace city plant stocks we have about 90000 trees in street lines and we want to have for each one of them date their regarding their health their height and what kind of eco systemic services it gives the city syntagma square with the Greek Parliament sits is the beginning of one of athens main shopping therof in water will also play a key role in combating heat linea meter villi is having 16 water fountains installed. You need say you need room areas to give them protection then you need water right then you need to have public water fountain. So that people can drink water. Water and woodlands to cool baking cities in athens and around the world. I hope you had many takeaways from previous short well be back next week with many more such stories to help you make an informed choice for a Sustainable Future until then good bye. They could leave the very best traffic climb up the dog just. Holler quinn ladybugs could revolutionize medicine with that immune system to stay on the wings of potato bugs are inspiring architects to design. Mini magicians. Come may help to solve todays problems dogs chance little superheroes. Or. D. To know that 77 percent of africans are younger than thinks of ash. Thats me and me and you. And you know what if time all voices. Act on the 77 percent its all bobby issues that matter this is where you have. The 77 percent this weekend on d w and. The quiet melody rizzos Michael White of the movie. Ended soon repeat reasoning when it saw. The mind and the music. Aint open 1st bond 2019 from september 6th to september 29th. Natural ridges on the on the precious resources and the tender rewarding investment and farmland just because ethiopias gringo of the country has an abundance of cotton leases it to international giants. The government does have to hire extra revenue so the corporations high profit margins. But not everyone benefits from the booming business. Extraction environmental destruction starvation. Or selling out of a country to donkeys. Start september 18th on d w. This is news coming to you live from berlin britains Prime Minister suffers a major defeat as parliament seizes control of the brakes agenda lawmakers want to prevent a new tape crashing out with how to deal force jones. By saying hell call for an early election. Coming up devastation in the bahamas