The way we produce food on what we eat contributes to the loss of nature and ecosystems and declining biodiversity. We need to really be kept on the field of consumption and production of meat. Diets that are high in grains not some thanks to both the lower Carbon Footprint than those of the ta and meet. These no plus have been the team for anybody to say whoa Climate Change is happening and then happening and then we just adapt to it the capacity to adapt is limited. Also coming up will board a ship with a crew committed to saving migrants from drowning in the mediterranean and they do it knowing it could land them in prison. Human lives have to be saved for me thats north up for debate and theres too much discussion going on about it about who should be saved. As a few to. Our viewers on p. B. S. In the United States and all around the world welcome we begin the day with what we are learning about Climate Change and for many of you it may be hard to swallow today the United NationsIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change published a special report on land how we use it and hell that use contributes to our warming planet consider a medium rare prime rib steak long before its served fields are fertilized to produce feed for cattle theres kells are then fed and produce methane a Greenhouse Gas that is much more potent than Carbon Dioxide half of all human caused emissions of methane come from livestock 50 percent and demand for steaks its growing the entire food chain according to this new report must be reimagined and reassembled a fact that could spoil your appetite or change what your great. This german field is bone dry drought has again parts of the country these crops will yield much less wheat than usual and a new report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warns that dry periods like this will become more frequent and more intense. The Mediterranean Region and Southern Africa will be especially hard hit. The problems are already visible today a quarter of arable land worldwide has deteriorated due to the creation of deserts erosion or salinisation but more and more food has to be produced to feed the worlds growing population its a vicious cycle on the one hand farming produces the food that people desperately need but on the other hand its a driving factor in Climate Change. Overall farming creates more than 20 percent of Greenhouse Gases like Carbon Dioxide cattle and Rice Production make up half of methane emissions a climate pollutant worse than c o 2 and human made fertilizers creates 3 quarters of nitric oxide emissions its an especially potent Greenhouse Gas scientists are worried about how quickly the farming sector is growing an area 2 thirds the size of australia has been turned into Agricultural Land in the last few decades the i. P. C. C. Says its time to change the good news emissions from farming can be cut. If we change how we farm and what we eat fruit and vegetables need less oil and water and they generate far less Greenhouse Gases than meat for example if the worlds population growth slows down and people consume less meat scientists think theres only a low risk that more land will be needed by intensive agriculture and there would be enough food to go around the picture is very different if the global population increases at a faster rate than at present and our consumption of resources remains high the i. P. C. C. Warns that could result in an environmental catastrophe climbing temperatures would create larger and larger deserts and gravely endanger our capacity to feed the world. And she is one of the lead authors of the chapter on Food Security in this new i. P. C. C. Report is going to have you on the show tonight have we reached that point at which Climate Change is threatening our ability to put food on the table. Were nearing that point were not there yet but it is approaching rapidly. And the way and we. Produce the food we eat i mean that is a circle talk to me about how this circle has become a vicious circle. And when we look at the food system as a whole from the farm to the poor we see Greenhouse Gas emissions coming from both and especially in livestock production then when we transport that crude and made in the farmers fields to the consumers all the storage the process of seeing the shipping to meet the or all of that takes energy so theres energy emitted theres Greenhouse Gases emitted from the supply chain and thats all then delivered to the people around the world eating this is a global food Food Supply Chains and it sure says that everybody me. Certainly in the world when there are shortages in the world where there are choices to be made we need to be sure to talk about people in developing countries who are in a different situation but. The dietary choices have become now very very important. To green to the Climate Change just one more thing sure lost and we see it we need to be sure to talk about that too just the food mart and waste across this whole system accounts for 8 to 10 percent of the total Greenhouse Gas emissions. I mean thats thats huge we throw away so much and i guess people dont realize when they throw away theyre actually fueling Global Warming so let me ask you before we run out of time just the whats the takeaway from this report is the takeaway that we should reduce how much meat we consume or that we should use Climate Friendly methods to produce the meat that we eat. Oh no the answer is that. Those who have choices about their food choices need to think seriously. The choices with plant diets that are rich in plants and greens that not since roots that many people are already eating more of is very helpful to reduce the base Greenhouse Gas emissions for those who are so neat eaters its important to. Purchase need that has been created there has been produced in no Greenhouse Gas emissions environment now remember ago some people in the world have choices and i wont be there but there are many people who are living in developing country regions who are Small Farmers in some of those settings they dont have really that choice and need is often a very important part of the protein that people eat but when we have races for the people who do have choices it is very important to be given to to really consider our diets as he hasnt as important and our food loss in ways bones and important ways that we can contribute to solving Global Warming. So i think and so i climatologist at nasa and also one of the authors of that i. P. C. C. Report that came out today sent me a thank you. We apologize to you for that signal there from geneva. Art id like to pull in now Bruce Friedrich he is executive director of the Good Food Institute which is a u. S. Based nonprofit that promotes plant based meat dairy and eggs as well as cultured meat and clean meat bruce welcome to the show were talking about food this evening so im going to ask you what did you eat for breakfast this morning. As with every single morning i had a Green Smoothie a smoothie made from fruits and nuts and. Plant based milk essentially as well as coffee thats pretty much my breakfast every day ok very good role model and thats exactly what i predict its a i could win the bet there let me ask you how do you read this new Climate Change report if we were all vegans would that solve a lot of our Greenhouse Gas problems. Well yeah i mean. I think its i think its worth recognizing that the least Climate Change and do sing meat is chicken and according to the World Resources institute it chicken causes 40 times as much Climate Change per calorie of protein when compared to laden home soil a and p. Chickpeas and that sort of thing so the way we are producing meat right now growing massive amounts of crops to feed those crops to animals so that we can eat animals it takes 9 calories into a chicken which is the most efficient meat at turning out and basically turning crops intimate takes 9 calories into a chicken to get one calorie back out so thats 9 times as much land 9 times as much water and 9 times as many pesticides and herbicides then youre shipping those crops to it even though youre operating with you know youre shipping the feed to the farm youre operating the farm youre shipping the animals to a slaughterhouse youre operating a slaughter house if you add up all that inefficiency and it is a huge adverse Climate Impact but the solution is probably not to just tell everybody to go there again because people wont do it so year after year after year after year we see reports like this and its admirable that the report is lowering the whistle on the problem of industrial animal product reduction but the sort is that to try to educate people and to get them to convince to convince them to all give the word solution is to basic living to the budget as do the talking about the solution i know youre a proponent of what is known as clean meat. Tell me what is clean meat. So the claim made is basically growing in meat directly from self so its sometimes called cultured meat its sometimes called cell based meat basically clean meat is exactly the meat that people enjoy now so its from a chicken or a pig or a cow or at their fish but instead of all of the inefficiency that i just described instead of all of the and efficiency of of feeding why they are else you basically just grow the cells in essentially. A cultivator which is like a giant tank it looks like a beer brewery at production scale and you have you know its probably going to be 3 times as efficient as chicken production which is the most efficient meat production require 95 to 99 percent less land so we can reforest that land as a part of our Climate Mitigation strategy 90 percent less water Much Less Energy is just a far more efficient way of producing me. If we have to go about this so youre talking about producing meat basically in the lab. That may be good for fighting Climate Change but doesnt it continue this this this phenomenon of us being alienated from the source of our food i mean if were not talking about mass production of meat were talking about mass production of meat in a lab. Well its not an elaborate i mean all food all processed food starts in a food lab and then eventually its processed in essentially a factory so this will production scale look like a big. So the meat will be cultivated in something that looks like a brewery and if you want to talk about being alienated from our food i mean chickens these days are 6. 00 to 7. 00 times as quickly as they would naturally i mean look at whats happening on a modern look at whats happening in a modern slaughterhouse so this is sort of the opposite of how these animals are supposed to have been raised how these animals are supposed to be treated and you know nobody wants to look at whats happening on a modern farm nobody wants to look at whats happening in a modern slaughterhouse you produce meat in this better way its much safer for peoples families it doesnt require any antibiotics so it solves the problem of the antibiotic resistant superbugs it solves the Climate Change problem that this i. P. C. C. Report is talking about c and consumers can actually watch how meat is made without you know basically having out pangs of moral conscience over a how revolting it is yeah it is its a good point you bring up because you couldnt have conversations with people who we need to have you say well you know how did that steak end up on your table and they say well i dont want to think about that and you know thats where the conversation ends so does this all this mean then that the future belongs to companies such as beyond the meat and impossible food which would specialize in plant based substitutes for meat. Yeah i mean the thing with plant based meat is that its here now so the clean meat meat grown directly from cells is probably at least a few years from commercialization but with plant based meat its just a recognition that meat is made on the limpets i mean as men are also in water what people like about meat is not the farms and the slaughterhouses what people like about meat is that taste the texture and the price so we can use clients to give people everything that they like about meat we can make it taste the same were better and as it scales out because its so much more efficient it will cost the same or less and lots of people will switch to plant based meat thats what impossible foods and beyond meat are both doing and then just a huge benefit to the climate much less water required and much safer a product no antibiotics required so this is really you know education is great and people should eat less meat thats an important thing to encourage people to do but most people want you know year after year after year we see studies like this i. P. C. C. Report and nevertheless the u. N. Says that on our current trajectory were going to need 70 to 100 percent more meat by 2050 and what this report says is if we need one percent more meat by 2050 were going to fail our goals to meet the paris climbs pretty much. Targets so birth of times when as you say do you see the future as a kind of us several steps here weve got you know slaughterhouses today. The near future were going to be talking about plant based meat substitutes and then eventually will be a mature describing clean me where it is developed it comes from the lab or. A factory if you will but were moving towards a place where the environment will be protected as well as our health do you see of on that trajectory. Yes you are absolutely on that trajectory again despite how its produced if you did not eat meat because of how its produced we can give consumers everything that they like about meat but we can do it with plants and we can do it directly from cells and i would just say on the nomenclature question its still meat meat does not have to come from a live animal this is plant based to me its the same thing but produced in a different way and then its clean meat or cell based meat meat grown directly from cells so in the future just like you dont think that a camera has to have film and you dont think that a phone has to have a cord similarly meat will not require a live animal sounds good to me frederick executive director of the Good Food Institute for earth we appreciate your time tonight and even joining those movies thank you thank you very much i appreciate the opportunity. And there it is the mediterranean now for thousands of north african refugees these are the waters that could either rob them of their lives or help give them a chance at starting a new life here in europe most refugees and migrants they end up in spain or greece and these numbers from the u. N. They show arrivals so far this year but italy italy is the one that is generating the most headlines because of its hardline approach to unofficial rescue missions rome claims that rescue boats are colluding with human traffickers now anger over increasing migration became political last year in italy voters hoisted a populist government and its far right interior minister you see him right there Matteo Salvini to power salvini is now by the way calling for new elections new elections could impact the new laws in italy one threatens captains of rescue vessels with fines of up to 1000000 euros if they enter italian ports without permission the government in rome also wants other European Union countries to take in more of the refugees in the migrants who are landing in italy a battle on and off the water use max sunday boarded a c. Once Risky Mission off the libyan coast and he sent us this report. Takeoff from an undisclosed location. For the german n. G. O. S c. Watch is taking us on a reconnaissance flight over the mediterranean. Muttiah and pilots have one Main Objective saving lives or 70 miles up or would you know if this is a job at a trade you are there africa it. Right is looking for a bike or dangerous crossing. Over boats but if theyre leipsic recruits. Finding them is like looking for a needle in a haystack and conditions are anything but ideal. This you watch aircraft moon bird mainly operates in the search and rescue zone off the coast of western libya an area that spans more than 350 kilometers of coastline this is where migrant bode set off on their perilous journey to italy and malta footage from an earlier mission shows how that looks dozens of people on an overcrowded rubber dinghy passengers often spend days out at sea exposed to the sun and with limited supplies and back at the back of people of being on the water for days a usually dehydrated desperate and in a serious medical condition those really are emergencies that have to be evacuated as soon as possible. After hours up in the air we spot a suspicious object in the water by a half. Thats a sunken rabbiting. For now we dont know what happened to the people on board these cheap inflatable boats are not made to last and sometimes sink after days out at sea even if kai and his crew managed to spot a boat in distress it doesnt mean the passengers will be brought to safety due to a crackdown on n. G. O. S there are very few rescue boats left on the water and merchant vessels try to avoid the affected. Area all together often the libyan coast guard is the last resort for kelly and his colleagues this is a frustrating experience but. I want the people to reach a safe haven i want nice people to get year ago. And i want them to cross the ocean safely and not be brought back in legally. This is wrong as ships are being seized rescue capacities are being cut somewhere the only ones keeping an eye on the water we have to deal with situations like this. We are back on the ground where exactly we cannot say. Here are aware that there are organizations activities are being closely monitored since the government such as italy have started to crack down on rescue n. G. O. S seawards faces public criticism and accusations that they are aiding people smugglers. A claim that most vigorously rejects. But. We would never communicate with people smugglers in our capacity they simply criminals have made a business with people who suffer and make money out of the circumstance that theyre so desperate and see no other way than reaching out to them. Listen i send it to. Cases these claims are used to paint them as criminals and distract from the real issue mentioned human lives have to be saved for me thats not up for debate and theres too much discussion going on about it about who should be saved and us as a few. Despite the mounting pressure. He has say they will continue to go in missions for as long as they are allowed to or until their work becomes no longer necessary. Finally tonight its just not meant to be for me i am allergic to cat hair so there has never been a purring pussy cat prancing around my house but those of you who dont sneeze at the side of a siamese youll be happy to know that today is world cat day a day to recognize your feline friends even though and you know it they really recognize you and why would they they were worshiped as gods in ancient egypt and they have not forgotten or cant you know are known for having 9 lives but in the Palestinian West Bank they are revealed for saving human lives miraculous meow moments take a look. For 90 cats arent just pets theyre her life 12 years ago the 25 year old Graphic Designer adopted her 1st stray cat many more have followed since then. She and her mother opened the 1st shelter for stray cats in the Palestinian West Bank 2 years ago her main motivation was protecting the animals. Another mans and that if this was not opened out of the blue it was opened because of the municipalitys policy of poznan kids even resident he also posed in them we have lost so many kids because of this policy he has in the car in the. Many stray cats in the streets of a braun are malnourished and sick or are infested with parasites when they arrive at the shelter they are treated by a vet vaccinated and neutered. He currently cares for about 50 cats. Feeding them playing with them and keeping the shelter clean is a lot of work and expensive. Pair the lower the money we spend on the shelter is usually from our own pockets sometimes received donations into port especially from Foreign Countries these donations help us to cover their facilities expenses. But until now unfortunately it hasnt been enough to cover all the issues that we need to spend money on must get here that theyre going in the way. He says she wants to change attitudes toward animals in palestinian society. Her dream is to open a separate shelter for stray dogs and a Veterinary Clinic to care for stray cats. She has a long way to go to achieve that goal but her passion keeps her going. And perth still the days almost done the conversation continues online youll find us on twitter you can follow me at brant goff t. V. Different if you use the hash tag the day i remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day or so youre going to. Enter the conflict zone. Close most monos way most offices assume to bed phone this means yet to try to get the military to come over to their side my guess this news here in london is the most annoying the representative to the famous whale of a physician and is so sick that president s qualified oh what happens next conflict so few shops keep. On the double. Earth home to millions of species a home worth saving. Google ideas tell stories of creative people and innovative projects around the world ideas that protect the climate boost Green Energy Solutions and reforestation. Using an interactive content to inspire people to take action the audience the environment series of global 3000 on t. W. And on on. The quiet melody resume as michael light of the mood. Ready reasoning within its soul. The moonlight and the music. To open 1st 12019 from september 6th to september 29th. Robots if youre still in the Development Phase but whats going to happen when they grow out of will schumanns and mission and spin able to kiss me coincidence or are we on the verge of a rocket lips if we just bumble into this totally unprepared with our heads in the sand fusing to think about what could go wrong then lets face it its probably going to be the biggest mistake in human history. Artificial intelligence is now spreading through our society destress the beginning of a golden digital age for the which is subjected to continuous state surveillance. Ai with experts be able to agree on the guidelines will this Technology Create deadly new autonomous weapon systems. Or robot collapse. 14. The government teetering on the brink of collapse. As the governing coalition is finished. Also. The region has been stripped of its. Indian administered region is in its 4th day of