Week three thousand heads to argentina come city to be enticed to move to the countryside. The Sri Lankan Hotel is determined to operate his business using cell late with new level and edgy. But first we go to banda aceh in indonesia where young people in particular on literally suffering the severity of the islamic. Islamic or sharia law is often perceived as oppressive by the west and yet there are huge differences in how it seems forced even within muslim countries in fact it plays a dominant role in the Legal Systems a very few islamic communities in countries elsewhere its generally referred to for private affairs like marriage divorce cases of inheritance. On top of that there seems to be no single interpretation of sharia law its interpreted and implemented in different ways and those usually have more to do with local traditions than with any rules found in the quran. Flashlights eliminate the dark corners Sharia Police cars are patrolling the streets of banned actually it walking pace theyre looking to catch young couples unawares they will numb go home its late these offices are making sure people up are you by sharia law. Alcohol Holding Hands and even flirting outside of marriage are all prohibited here. Weve ordered them to sit further apart. Or to go home and if we have to tell them again to make more space between them then well take them to the police station. Anyone caught by Sharia Police is in for a grueling punishment a public beating tonight eight people a brought to the mosque in handcuffs among them twenty two year old. Some of them ive seen and id advise young people not to overstep the boundaries of sharia law because it hurts. The men and women each sentenced to twenty five lashes among them is corneas girlfriend. A masked man is waiting with became. The opals crime wouldnt raise an eyebrow elsewhere just a date between two people maybe a kiss but these young people are made to pay. The cane hurts but the physical pain is just part of it the punishment is meant to humiliate them publicly. This is the end if you shout the crowd next time youll be dead. Many people pass out from the pain and the stress. Indonesia has long stood for secularism and moderate forms of islam but that appears to be changing in the capital jakarta muslim hardliners recently pushed the Christian Governor out of office he was sentenced to two years in prison for blasphemy against islam money has been pouring into indonesia from conservative saudi arabia for new mosques schools and universities ratna sorry tells us conservative forces are on the rise here in ash a three hundred forty people were caned in akshay in the past year the could be more than that this year the Sharia Police are abusing their growing power she says. It often affects women worst of all theyre deemed immoral after a public beating women can often get back on track again they have to move away they lose their jobs. Here and the public caning continues its the young man corneas turn he also gets twenty five lashes from the algo joe the executioner. And then the show is over the audience is sent home and cornea is a free man. He spent four months in prison for his forbidden relationship we go with him to a cafe where he tells us his story. Ive never committed a crime in my life i never want to experience anything like that again my heart was pounding. Cornea is relieved to have it all behind him his girlfriend chichi saw him being beaten today. But he still has great plans for their relationship. I want to visit my girlfriends parents and talk about the future maybe i can marry or soon. The Sharia Police are back on patrol this time we ride along with female officers but the camera man isnt allowed in the truck men and women are prohibited from being in such close proximity. The marlin forces user loudspeaker to remind women to wear a headscarf and avoid tight clothing just another day under sharia law. According to the un by twenty fifty almost seventy percent of the worlds population will live in urban areas thats a total of six point five billion people. And two billion of these people will be living in slums where the quality of life is substandard. In argentina several organizations are now trying to reverse the rural flight trend and get people to head back to the country. The nearest major city lies one hundred forty kilometers away out here in the remote arjan time grasslands most people make a living from cattle breeding or growing grain crops or soil. Is a fifth generation farmer here. His village. Around zero is struggling its population is no longer growing because many young people move away to cities where no siree send santa fe to look for work including his sons. The older generation wonders why so few people want to stay. Offers a glimmer of hope with her organization respond there shes trying to rescue villages on the brink of extinction places like colonia belgrano. People who are tired of city life and who want thriving there these villages a wonderful the hidden gems i want people who want doing well in the cities to have the opportunity to live in a village. More than half of all argentineans now live in cities its hard to lure young people back to the villages they need work after all but the lopez and rodriguez families have taken the plunge for a few weeks now theyve been renting a house in colonia belgrano. This project offered me a way out i used to live in the city in a very dangerous area i didnt like it because i had Young Children my children francesco and florence here and as they got older the issue of safety became more pressing. One man is an air conditioning technician and the other a plumber both useful jobs out in the country in the city the tradesmen barely scraped by they lived in a poor neighborhood and worried about their children. That we had to work long hours just to afford our living costs. Its too dangerous to let your kids play outside so you have to send them to a club outside school hours. The arrival of new families has sparked hope in the village residents even pitched in to spruce up the local church. Among them farmer danielle pran they are also receiving Financial Support from various organizations that promote the move from the city to the countryside and the village and surrounding areas there just arent enough Small Business owners or trades people even though there be plenty of work for them here. Seventy percent of global migration is motivated by economic factors. That we know people have to work to live and helping Small Businesses to carve outs and giving them an opportunity to grow in this village thats the first step toward saying yes we can do this in any village. But the transition isnt always easy the Village School has to have space for newcomers and to be able to accommodate their age group regular support and Financial Assistance are part of the n. G. O. S program. Yet the families have to be carefully integrated into the community but there are communal events to help with that. Syllabi need has surged hard before she found colonial belgrano the village may be shrinking but the quality of life in the area is still high. As an initial stop twenty families are being introduced here theyve been offered an affordable plot of land and alone. Twenty houses each on its own piece of land so every family can develop their own Small Business their houses are all based on a special prototype theyre heated with solar power and they have better insulation. That each has two bedrooms a dining room and the kitchen and if the families grow this room to expand but i wonder. For many argentinians those are a diller clipping conditions the governor of the state of santa fe supports the initiative two thousand families across the country applied and these are the ones that were selected. Here theyll have less income but a better quality of life. Responding and a foundation called s. V. Says are now working with authorities and benefactors to connect more villages and families there were that. Has to be rolled out nationally and not just in argentina but across the whole of latin america thats our dream for many communities in the region to benefit from this approach. Rural life in argentina still has a future Marcella Benito is convinced of that she hopes the colonia bed grana project will soon be followed by many more. Now we head to spain to the region around cuenca where many villages are also struggling with the challenges of the population. Well let it go. The minimum number of pupils required to keep a school open in spain is five and thats how many joaquin earlier this welcomes every morning its a mixed group some are in first grade others in fifth. What kenya has taught in schools with more than a thousand students but she prefers this village gotta love via despite the challenge of adapting to two age groups it is to have a whole lot of media besides working with the children i have a much closer relationship with their parent that makes everything a lot nicer. If you enjoy it at least when she started here sixteen years ago there were twenty five students. All three classrooms were in use but now they need only one. Wackiness pupils are lucky they live close to the school. But in this region thats more the exception of a bus picks up students in remote villages and brings them to school fifty kilometers away. Driving time is an hour each way. The province of cuenca is one of the least Populated Areas in europe. In the countryside there are ten inhabitants per square kilometer people here used to work in the lumber business or as farmers but theres no profit in either occupation anymore so more than half the villagers have left. Professor francisco bottle of the university of south dakota wants new initiatives to stop more people from leaving the village. Just for. The International Community needs to develop a Strategic Plan to use the culture and history of the region to the peoples advantage. The land can be used for organic farming and eco tourism. But unlike other e. U. Countries spain has no Regional Development plans funds are spent on more immediate needs. Dr javier ordered a works in one of the Regional Health centers his family whom he sees only on weekends lives inside almost two hundred kilometers away but he still drives about a thousand kilometers a week to visit villages and see his patients. Everyone in this area gets good medical care but theres a problem. And if this is the most of the older people dont realize when they need medical attention sometimes they call because of a problem thats gone away by the time i get there. And at night theyre afraid to call because they dont want to disturb me. Nurse one Carlos Soriano who goes on house calls with talk to or there is usually the first point of contact for the patients. Im the mailman the nurse the social worker im a little bit of everything really. The villagers of montis universalise in the quake a province appreciate the attention to families live in the village of. The nearest village is fifteen kilometers away carlos the domingo familys twenty three year old son works on the farm with his parents he doesnt want to go away the air is clean its peaceful they have everything they need including medical care. But he understands why so many others have left. Schools are closed theres no work no culture. Farming isnt profitable anymore harvests are the same as fifty years ago but the prices of fuel and fertilizer have gone our stores here its practically an invitation to leave. But what canada us wants to stay she only has five years until retirement her school is in danger of closing when the older pupils leave thats already happened in two neighboring villages. Said. If they close the school and go to the neighboring village could be a you know they have the same amount of student. But i wont go to or any other big school. The Village School is my life. Mediator. But maybe it wont come to that like tina says three children were born in the village last year according to spanish law theyre eligible for preschool at three years of age and that ensures the further survival of the school in quite a levy. And now we meet people committed to protecting our planet in our global ideas series. Tourism is booming in sri lanka by twenty twenty the island expects to welcome three million holiday makers but the equipment in many hotels is out of date in particular use up tons of power and contain harmful refrigerants now hiran cure owner of the islands. Chain wants to change that the next three years he plans to make his hotels Carbon Neutral. Reports have twenty learn more about combining tourism and climate protection. Its an ambitious vision one of sri lankas Biggest Hotel chains wants to cover all of its energy needs with renewables by twenty twenty the jet wing runs thirty Upscale Hotels on the island and welcomes visitors from around the world. If you dont look good and. Their strategy is to install cutting edge air Conditioning Systems powered by a Sustainable Energy source would buy products from the cinnamon industry its quite a bold move for a hotel chain to take charge of its own Energy Supplies one thats not without risk. We can be a guinea pig but just how green is jet wing really. Will come along. We visit the chairman of jet wing at home here on korea is one of the most powerful men in sri lankas Tourism Industry his father herbert set up the company in the one nine hundred seventy s. Even back then the business was environmentally minded my father told me this. Is the. Strangest. If so for to. Do that. And also. Communities been evicted from what it was he was doing. The hotel chain is a proper Family Business two of cories sons also work in the company and being green is a private goal as well their home is also powered by solar energy. Gumbo a picturesque port on the west coast. There are five shipping hotels in the surrounding area. The islands electricity grid may look Old Fashioned but about thirty percent of sri lankas electricity already comes from renewable sources mainly hydro power. So in seeking to be Carbon Neutral jet when it isnt starting at zero air conditioning accounts for over half the Energy Consumed in the hotels conventional Technology Uses electricity to compress refrigerants that are harmful to the environment. But a new type of eco friendly air conditioning has already been installed in five hotels it system cools with water vapor the German Development agency g. R. I. Z. Train the technicians involved the necessary electricity is produced by burning biomass the hotels will save money from the switch but only in the long term the new boilers are twice as expensive as the old ones and operating costs are considerably higher. The biomass. You have to keep on feeding you at me. Is that theyve got. To maintaining going to go serve on. Somebody that men would be eating maybe we have going out that you have to keep on beating. That fuel is waste wood from cinnamon farming. It only releases the amount of Carbon Dioxide that the tree absorbed during its Lifetime Power used to come straight out of the socket but now jet wing has to build up its own grid one hundred fifty kilometers to the south is the center of the island cinnamon production. Of silver farm cinnamon as people have done here for generations after removing an outer layer of bark they pry off strips of inner bark the quills will later be packaged as cinnamon sticks. We also pack in all the little bits. And then we let the entire thing dry in the sun. Room. For. Cinnamon is an important sideline that the family relies on to get by donations husband also works as a cabinet maker her brother has an administrative job. Until now the wood left over from the cinnamon harvest was waste by product. Now the family can sell it to jet wing and earn extra cash hiran cool ray is visiting another supplier whos been selling waste wood for a while small bakeries for instance sometimes use it as fuel but since jet wing is started ordering from him things have grown much simpler. The money with a lot of these days i can sell in bulk to both buyers in the past it was all small scale stuff jetplane is sri lankas biggest buyer of the fuel snapping up around half of whats available the rise in demand has also led to a rise in price and soon supply could become a problem. Expanding. To different parts of the country then and if you had to rely only on cinnamon would i think theyll be a shoddy because we need to do and some areas of the congress in im in his dining room and then we may not have so we have to find alternative methods of biomass. The company is already testing an alternative briquettes made from compressed rice husk it might be renewable but burning it is dirty work the workers have safety glasses and face masks to protect them from the smoke but they dont always wear them the power plant has only been in operation for three weeks not everything is working smoothly at. This diesel generator is a stopgap solution here too cinnamon wood is being burned to dry the rice husks. Is this laborious process really environmentally friendly. Thats a challenge that we have getting right now. Many mice the smoke and the embedded energy on who want to go gram records. And see what they its. Like. The company is already pushing the limits of what can be achieved with biomass. If the hotel chain really wants to achieve its goal of being Carbon Neutral by twenty twenty then here on koori is going to have to opt for an additional renewable Energy So