jo joining us now, miles o'brien, the science correspondent for pbs news hour. walk us through these. this is the ethiopian airlines flight and the lion air crash five months ago. what do you see here that's similar? >> first of all, top line, this is a graph which depicts terror. this was a wild ride on both aircraft, total roller coaster. just so you know, we're talking about here this is the vertical rate of speed. so how fast it's going up or down, not across the ground. look at this first peak here. shortly after takeoff going up to about 3,000 feet per minute, which is about normal for a 737. but then apparently the crew was trying to struggle to bring it down, to control that rate of assent. every graph line you see here represents in excess of 90 pounds of pressure on the control yoke. so these crews were battling actually in a physical struggle in both cases but the similarities are there. you see the big peaks, the