because the uk and u.s. markets are closed today for public holidays. so paris and zurich flat line at the moment. gains there by the xetra dex. energy stocks are weighing on that market following the news that the government in germany has decided that all nuclear plants in that country are to close by 2022. andrew? >> yeah. here in asia, charles, hong kong the only major market to end on a positive note. it followed those gains on wall street on friday, despite the fact there were some not particularly strong economic numbers coming out of the u.s. japanese investors today -- the nikkei down by about a fifth of 1%. the big story really, though, remaining shanghai. that's eight days in a row now the shanghai composite has fallen. not much. still the trend is firmly down.