Departures Podcast with Ethan Zuckerman By Robert Amsterdam | Published: March 5, 2021 At some point, people stopped believing that electing the right leaders and passing the right laws was the most effective way to achieve social change. Since at least the 1970s, people have been rapidly losing faith in government, democracy, big banks, big corporations, organized religion, and other institutions which were thought to help give order and shape norms for society. In Ethan Zuckerman’s new book, “ There are four ways that we regulate our societies, Zuckerman says in the podcast interview. We make laws, which say you can’t do this or that. We use markets to make bad behavior expensive, like taxing cigarettes. We use social norms – if you engage in prohibited conduct, we will shun you. And lastly, we have code, we use technology to impose normative values, making it more difficult to do bad things.