Each week american history tvs american artifacts visit museums and historic places we do travel to Somerset County, pennsylvania to visit the Flight 93 National memorial and take a tour of the Visitor Center which details the events of September 11th, 2001. The memorial is the final Resting Place of 40 passengers and crew whose decisive actions prevented four Al Qaeda hijackers from crashing a united airlines 757 into a likely target, the us Capitol Building, this program is just under an hour. I am adam shaffer, Park Ranger at Flight 93 National memorial, we will take a look inside the Visitor Center which was dedicated in september of 2015, we are currently standing at the end of the flightpath so we are standing on the shadow of the flightpath at flight 93 would have been on just before impact on the ground behind me and the reason we are standing here is because this orientation for visitors is central to the design of the Visitor Center itself. The walls of the Visitor Center shield the Visitors View of the landscape around us here and the enormity of the landscape and only frame the flightpath as you approach the Visitor Center entrance. As you come off the Parking Lot you have to walk the flightpath the plane was on just before it crashed and the last piece of sky the flight 93 passes through before impact. One of the first things visitors notice as they walk the flightpath from the Parking Lot to the Visitor Center. The timestamps that are embedded in the ground, striking the north tower, the second timestamp down the flightpath a little further represents the second plane hitting the south tower, geese flying overhead. The timestamp or present american Airlines Flight 77 and if you continue beyond the Visitor Center to the Memorial Plaza where passengers and crew are listed on the flightpath, and last possible piece of granite before you step over onto the Crash Site is the timestamp for united Airlines Flight 93. In 2002 congress passes legislation the president signs into law designating Flight 93 National memorial the national Park Service, federal advisory commission was appointed to oversee a Design Management Plan for the site as well as boundary for this memorial. That is the memorial that has taken shape around us. We are not finished with the memorial, that we are continuing to add onto. The majority of the memorial came online this past year with dedication of the Visitor Center and the walking trails that extend from this complex down to Crash Site at the Memorial Plaza. The Memorial Plaza is in the wall that bears the names of passengers and crew so we are looking over top of that wall from the flightpath, continuation of the flightpath just before the impact site and Crash Site we protect here. The national Park Service protects 42 acres of Ground South of this wall you see in front of us. That is the northern boundary to the Crash Site and the Revealing Flight 93. Visitors, when they leave the Visitors Center can drive or walk these trails to the Memorial Plaza a Quarter Mile Stretch out to the flightpath wall, the shortest walk and that walk is there because it protects the Crash Site and Debris Field and allows visitors the opportunity to get close to that landscape and pay their respects or leaf tributes to passengers of flight 93. So these tall walls are the Visitor Center and sometimes confusing for visitors arriving, they do the design to answer the basic questions where the plane crashed. That is a common question we received from flight 93 and because the landscape, it is open sky, very open sweeping landscape. Very easy to be disoriented to locating where flight 93 crashed, the architect, paul murdoch, architect out of Los Angeles designed the Visitor Center around orientation of the flightpath. As you turn you are looking down the flightpath, down the pathway as you pass through the first opening, the entrance to the Visitor Center, the flightpath overlook, if you pass the second wall the landscape reopened the field of vision when you take the entire landscape only after he has oriented those, the flightpath and Crash Site. We go inside the Visitor Center but i want to stop here and show you the texture of the walls, throughout the memorial structures. It is indicative, in southwestern pennsylvania. It is a tie in to the Hemlock Row of trees, which is when flight 93 crashed here on September 11th. The angles you see here catch the angles of the eastern hemlock of the branches mimicked again, in the sidewalks. As we approach in and see across the glass as well as ceiling tile. Lets walk inside and take a look at the Exhibits Space in 2015. The first panel you come to on the side is entitled ordinary day and each wall you come to in the Visitor Center has a Glass Panel giving you an overview of what each wall will cover, if they didnt experience September 11th everyone thinks back to the bright blue sky there was, so important to place people in the context of Somerset County, in shanksville, pennsylvania. New York City is quite familiar to a number of people. As you progress through the timeline you will see that it places you Tom Daschle Attack sites. There is foreshadowing that takes place but it places you in arlington at the pentagon, at the Attack Side of flight 93 which is the United States Capitol Building. The artifacts behind the case will take you to those three places, there is a business card, one of the people working for a subsidiary of Cantor Fitzgerald showing routine business as usual aspect of that morning at the pentagon as well as hanging over an office that would have identified somebodys specific office space. The piece that stand out to me the most, the story i like to show people, people dont realize this is the evening of September 11th there was a congressional barbecue the president hosts, this year it was on September 11th, 2001, and members of congress invited to the white house, a couple hundred pounds of tenderloin being served and after the event began to unfold, in washington dc, bbqs canceled, bbq was sent across the rescue workers and provide support at the pentagon. The invitation came to us from a staffer and his son attending the barbecue that evening. Inside the Visitor Center you will notice there are these tall black walls and the pattern is similar, on the exterior of the Visitor Center, when flight 93 crashed here, the thousands of gallons of Jet Fuel that incinerate on impact scorched 80 to 100 hemlock trees, this black against the wall here is symbolic of the charring of those trees so tying you back to the story constantly through the site so whether you recognize that or not there are questions that come up from visitors about the coloration or the angles and always allows us to tie it back to the story. This wall thrusts you into the events of September 11th, in New York City initially. In the center of this Exhibit Space we have rolling footage that cuts between different networks, shows the global aspect of that morning. Breaking News Story to tell you about. A plane has just crashed into the World Trade Center here in New York City. It happened just a few moments ago. We have very little information available. This just in, youre looking at a very disturbing live shot, that is the World Trade Center and we havent confirmed reports this morning that a plane has crashed into one of the towers. Another plane just hit. Oh my gosh. Another plane just hit another building. Dive right into the middle of it. It is like the middle of the building. We just saw another one, another plane just flew into the second building. In the background you have an image that shows the statue of liberty from new jersey, after September 11th it shows you the smoke that is still hovering over the city in lower manhattan. The artifacts selected for this case were done so specifically to represent the three sites again and from New York City, from windows those are on loan to us from then memorial museum, pieces of limestone, and miniature statue of freedom as people were recognized, us Capitol Building is adorned with a 19 Foot Version of freedom, a little over 19 feet. The architect at the capital at the time was alan hanner who showed up that morning a little before 9 00 i believe in his story, this News Footage about what is happening in New York City, he is also preparing for a meeting to raise funds for the us capitol Visitor Center. That is when his morning begins and as things unfold, they worry about the pentagon being attacked and then 10 minutes out this Road Plane inbound from washington dc, the evacuation begins at the us Capitol Building and he later learns the immediate threat his past because the plane has crashed in pennsylvania somewhere so he later comes here in 2012 and this specific statue of freedom was on his desk that morning, in one of the niches found that the Memorial Plaza where visitors of left other trivia items and underneath that he left articles of the Capital Weatherhead and in that letter we have a copy of that. This model the Statue Freedom that stands atop the dome of the United States Capitol Building is left with deep respect, final Resting Place of the heroes of flight 93. Those who sacrificed their lives here on September 11th, 2001, saved mine and many thousands of others at the us Capitol Building and the historic symbol of our democracy known around the world. We came to pay respect and deep gratitude of those who will never be forgotten. So we cover the lead up with the build up to September 11th, a timeline that takes you through the establishment of our qaeda. Theres a piece about Osama Bin Laden but we placed it on a rail so you have to get close to this wall to read this. We did the specifically knowing some people would not care and would choose not to step up to the rail and no more about this. We did this out of sensitivity for the many family members that often visit the site. After visitors come from this wall they will turn around and are faced with a map of the United States and this is depicting the 4500 aircraft that are in the air that morning and potential threats to the United States that morning. This was showing the chaos of trying to sort out correct factual reports coming out from erroneous ones. The other important thing about this wall is it gives you the diagram of flight 93. It was a boeing 757200, and if we get closer here, you can see this is where all the passengers and crew were ticketed on the morning of September 11th so the diagram at the end shows you exactly where the passengers were seated, the terrorists where they took position on the plane in first class that morning. And what crewmembers would have been seated. The objects, the artifacts we use to represent, we had a Boarding Pass from the oldest passenger on flight 93, and one who was headed home to japan after a long visit in north america. One of those things a lot of visitors recognize immediately when they look at this diagram is how under seated flight 93 was. One of the major changes that has occurred since September 11th is more aircraft mergers, fewer flights, united airlines typically flew this flight three times a day from New York to san francisco. This plane would have been capable of carrying 182 passengers and ticketed 27 crew, minus four terrorists ticketed in the first Class Section of the plane. A total of 34 people are going to take off from newark that morning and four are not planning to arrive in san francisco and 33 passengers planning to make it to san francisco that morning expecting to arrive after 11 local time. To the next exhibit wall, flight 93, airborne deal 8 over 20 minutes. Flight 93 takes off, flight 92 beginning its gradual climb out of Newark Airspace which if you ever left from newark, the airport is right across the skyline from the World Trade Center so this is four minutes before american Airlines Flight 11 will hit the north tower. Flight 93 gets airborne, flight out of Newark Airspace and is going to begin its trip to san francisco so the gray we see on this map, the routine flight across the state of pennsylvania and in ohio, the four terrorists that are on this plane are going to take control of flight 93, incapacitate the first officer and the captain, Jason Dahl and first officer the battle of britain been leroy Homer And Turn flight 93 around and heading towards washington dc. At 9 28 is the approximate time the terrorist takeover of flight 93, the four hijackers, getting up from there positions and rush the cockpit. This is a gray area. There are details about this that we dont know exactly how they took over the plane and we do know from what was recovered that they were carrying knives or box cutters of some type, threatening passengers and crew that were on this plane with a bomb it is later learned to be a false bomb. After they seized control of the cockpit there is a dip in altitude which gives the indication when the plane is taken over. If you follow this on the Flight Data Recorder the plane is going to dip a couple hundred feet which is significant. It would have been noticed by Air Traffic Control and the plane, on autopilot will come up to its assigned cruising altitude around 35,000 feet. The plane is going to manually be flown in a bank until because there is a steep bank and it will continue to climb up to 40,000 feet in outer to before it reaches attending, the terrorists are going to use the heading of 120 which will take them back to washington dc, from the tactics they were using, when they were within range of reagan airport they were going to lock onto the airport to get closer to washington dc. The diagram you see now depicts the change from the time of the hijacking from passengers and crew were seated, you see by the low blocks indicated on diagram the passengers and crew went originally ticketed have gotten up from their seats and moved to the back of the aircraft and these are present seats where Phone Calls were placed on board the flight. 37 attempted Phone Calls. We dont know if that represents all of the Phone Calls because there were some Phone Calls made but most of the calls, at the time of the hijacking, satellitebased phones that use their credit cards to swipe, looking back to know these calls were attempted, who they attempted to call, calls werent connected towards transcript or in some cases, the actual recording of calls left on Answering Machines. This represents the area of the aircraft these calls were placed from but you can see from the timeline just to the right here how passengers and crew from those we gather from different Phone Calls a plan is being formulated to do something about their situation, early calls, about the takeover that has occurred on other aircraft at the World Trade Center and the pentagon have been struck by aircraft, what they are told by the terrorists on their flight as they are going back to the airport to have demands met which was common strategy being applied in reverse was what i mean by that is the faa developed common strategy for people in the Airline Industry and hijack situations, and the responses in Years Past is what a lot of crewmembers would have been taking on the plane that morning and how to respond to the hijacking initially. Because of these Phone Calls and the knowledge of what they are doing with planes after they were being hijacked allows them to develop a completely new strategy when on the air that morning. That strategy is they are going to attempt to retake control of this aircraft. We learned the passengers and crew took a vote from the back of the plane to do something they would not sit idly by and wait for something else to happen. That is best illustrated in the center of this Exhibit Space where you are viewing the information that has come back from the Flight Data Recorder so this is the first box recorded out of the ground at the Crash Site two days after the crash and it allows the visitor to see exactly how flight 93 was flying in the final six minutes when implemented the plan of fighting back and trying to regain control of flight 93, they will manipulate the controls to make it difficult for passengers and crew to gain access to the cockpit. Not provided by the national Transportation Safety Board come at the top you see the Cockpit Voice Recorder is the narrative, across the top you can see in real time what is unfolding in the Cockpit Voice Recorder in the front of the plane where there are four microphones capturing the voices in and around the Cockpit Space and that is paired up with how the plane is flying in these final moments. As we approach 10 03 you are going to see the plane is actually going to come up on a 90 degree angle, west wing the leftwing is going to rise up and as it does that it is going to hold that for a second and then it is going to rock over onto its backside and the plane is going to come down and crash at 10 03 11. Just beyond the walls of the Visitor Center. As we leave this wall and go to the next wall, to give visitors especially if theyve never flown before, never been on a 757, or the sense compressed into the space of a single wild aircraft, flight 93, flight 77 hits the pentagon, this model aircraft, the plane that crashed at the 767, and give visitors the sense of being at the back of the aircraft were a lot of Phone Calls took place. We give visitors the opportunity to listen to 3 of the 4 recorded Phone Calls. She felt her Husband Jack at 9 309 am, 11 minutes after the hijacking began leaving this message on their home Answering Machine. Are you there . Pickup, sweetie. I want to tell you i have a little problem on the plane. Im totally fine, i just love you more than anything, just know that and i am comfortable and i am okay for now. It is a little problem so i just love you. This is the Answering Machine in california capturing the message she left for her Husband Jack. 3 hours different from eastern seaboard he was still in bed and so he doesnt awaken when she makes the Phone Call. Passenger phoned her sister elsa at 9 406 am about 18 minutes into the hijacking leaving this message on her home Answering Machine. Elsa, it is lynn. I only have a minute. Im on united 93 and it has been hijacked by terrorists who say they have a bomb which apparently they slammed a couple planes into the World Trade Center already and they are going to take this one down as well. Mostly i wanted to say i love you and i am going to miss you and give my love to everyone. I just love you and i wanted to tell you that. I dont know if im going to be able to tell you that again or not. All my stuff is in the safe. The safe is in my closet in my bedroom. The combination is pushed see for clear than 0 one 93 and then maybe pound and it should unlock. I love you and i hope i can talk to you soon. By. Flight Attendant Ceecee lyles called her husband 90 minutes after the hijacking leaving this message. You have to listen to me carefully. I am on a plane that has been hijacked. I want to tell you i love you. Please tell my children i love them very much and so sorry, i dont know what to say. Three guys hijacked the plane. I hope to see your face again, i love you. If we walk around this wall to the next wall, it takes you to shanksville to where the plane impacts to the edge of reclaimed Mine Site and if you look to the top, the 9 11 Phone Call or who lives only half a mile from where we are standing. This is a little snippet of her call. Flight 93 will impact 163 miles per hour in third upside down. This case is meant to give you the sense of fragmentation that takes place when flight 93 crashes. You can take a look at the pieces recovered here, these are average size pieces that were found all across the site from the point of impact and southward. 757 is made of 167 miles of wiring. And rivets, 600,000 bolts and rivets so this shows you how finite this large locomotive waited piece of equipment has become after it hits the ground. You can see the bluish Gas Or Smoke coming from the crater, the Jet Fuel that incident rates on impact. People are amazed, the pieces are so fragmented and small here but the majority of the aircraft has been absorbed into the ground here. Its not until later when they begin excavating the crater and looking for evidence here that they start to uncover more and more of flight 93, that represented best fishable he on the camera by this bronze mockup. This represents the edge of where mining had ceased. This is the southern edge of a Surface Line that had been active until the mid90s. Flight 93 will crash before the edge of the Tree Line so it is actually crashing in an area that the soil would have been removed for a period of time until the coal had been removed and this would be backfilled. Than had it crashed in a field where the soil had been removed. This area here. This would have been natural stand up here. When the Jet Fuel incinerators this morning with the explosion from crashing into the ground, the fireball is going to continue on the trajectory the plane had been traveling and the Jet Fuel being topside, the fuel is going to continue on the Project Area of the plane and engulf this area with flame impingement is best captured by State Police that morning. Corporal Jeff Reed with the Aviation Division with the State Police is airborne as they arrive here and they are going to capture some aerial footage of the site. Initially they dont know what they are looking at as far as where the plane impacts. They are going to land their helicopter, they are going to be brief and then they are going to return that afternoon and get closer footage of the impact site, and this footage can clearly show you where this whole 757 impact the ground and this is the vertical Tail Stabilizer you see up above and the fuselage where it would have impacted. It was inverted, was impacting the ground, shows the scorching of the trees represented by the black walls of the Visitor Center, so much debris is embedded in these hemlock trees because it is on the trajectory of the flightpath the whenever the decision was made to cut down the burned trees, they sent those trees through a Wood Chipper and the Woodchip Pile remains on site. It was part of the effort to ensure that there was proper care taken for the remains and no remains would leave the site unless they go to identification which went to family members. You see the response out of the community that begins after flight 93 crashes here. This is rick king, the Assistant Fire Chief out of shanksville and there is a quote, that captures sort of the moment that mustve been like for responders that were coming that morning. Fell the fell Mcclatchys Photo has been captured many times, this captures the moment for her when she takes this picture. This also represents the state response, governor tom ridge, the governor of pennsylvania at the time, he will eventually be promoted when President Bush creates the department of Homeland Security as the secretary of the department of Homeland Security and the media immediately wants to know about this plane crash, what happened in New York City and what happened at the pentagon. There is an immediate thirst for Knowledge And Understanding why the plane crashed here and what investigators are looking for and the experiences the media is going to be pushed out of away from the site within the first hour or so of being here so theres a Press Conference established near where the first 911 Phone Call is received and this is a great place to transition because the next wall behind us, this quote here is taken from special agent in charge but shows the methodical nature all of the Investigators Flight 93 to this Crash Site were going to apply for 13 days there were going to be coming over the site. We moved to the next wall that you see over here, a tactile that visitors can touch but it is representational of the flight. The Cockpit Voice Reporter they were searching for, this crime scene becomes so important in those early hours and days after September 11th, this flight does not hit its target. Investigators were able to comb through the Debris Field and easily get to any evidence that will shed light to carried out the attacks, and whether or not, if there were other attacks, we need to be aware of. They hope to sift through the debris here at the Crash Site of flight 93 in order to answer a lot of those questions and one Pittsburgh Fbi Agent says they were driving the 9 11 investigation because of the evidence that were able to recover at this site. This Cockpit Voice Recorder popularly coined the black box, youre looking at how they are loaded into the Tail Section of the aircraft and they are designed to survive up to 2000 Degrees Fahrenheit for a period of 30 minutes and withstand a large amount of geforce from an air to ground crash. They were hopeful they would find these boxes. The reason we know what happened on flight 93 because these boxes are excavating out of the ground. What you have in the center is a Television Monitor that takes you through the methodical nature of combing through the ground, the linear approach to picking up aircraft agree that might be obstructing the review of any evidence that might be laying underneath it or on the ground so they begin sifting through the debris and categorizing plane parts for evidence of personal effects that were recovered here and the fabulous thing, the other exhibits we have here in the Visitor Center captured by oral history, and and how they discovered the cockpit, we dont have to hear from arranger wide is important, for people to tell you we are here coming through the site. The Suntrust Bank Card that was recovered here that showed the light on the financial trail of Al Qaeda. It is a really important piece of evidence recovered here on the ground. You can see they are sifting through the dirt being excavated out of the crater very carefully, breaking through that ground basically on their hands and knees going through a lot of the degree, a big part of that is the recovery of human remains, the identify of everybody who boarded this aircraft. And so the end of the exhibit, what you are seeing in Somerset County coroner, Willie Miller and his role here, a federally dispatched team comes here, the Disaster Mortuary operational response team, they will assist with the recovery of human remains. Visitors ask us about the Crash Site here, is about the remains, this being a final Resting Place. We use that term generally. The impact of 92 of remains is estimated were unrecoverable, scattered across the site and were never recovered but it is believed 8 of the remains of people on Board Flight 93 were recovered and a percentage of that 8 were identifiable to be returned to family members, the unidentified remains were brought back. This is traditional and nontraditional burial ground, we treat the Crash Site, 42 acres of Ground South of Memorial Plaza. You are looking at the pieces from flight 93, a seatbelt latch and some of the silverware that would have been used in first class and a portion of a manual. If you come up from that, the larger pieces recovered of flight 93, more interestingly the piece to the front is the Nose Number for flight 93. This would have been used by the specific airlines. There is a Nose Number in deTail Number, specific to the Airline Company itself and the Tail Number used by faa to identify planes, like your License Plate you have on your car. The top piece you are looking at comes from the vertical Tail Stabilizer, the only place on flight 93 other than the american flag itself, where you have red, white and blue. You have examples of personal effects, notably he worked for the united States Fish and wildlife service, took law enforcement, you have todd Beamers Employee Identification badge he carried with him on the Plane And Colleen frasers Drivers License that was recovered at the Crash Site. The Drivers License is a facsimile. We will come around the side where this wall is all about passengers and crew of flight 93, the idea, much like portrait hanging on your wall at home if you have family photos hanging there is a central photo where each of the 40 passengers and crew are identified and there is an unmarked secondary photo that captures them with other people in their lives. Other family members or friends, moment in time from their life that was really special to their family or friends. This piece in the center is the of the purser, would have been the Flight Attendant Carry for first class on Night Flight 93. This was the Signature Signature Piece war by deborah wells. Debbie would regularly wear this Sailor Style when she went to work. This is one of the photos we have of her wearing that hat. Just above that photo you will see debbie with her dalmatian which she absolutely loved. Then if you come down to the screen here we can go and we can look at debbie welsh. A bio that will cover her life and who she was. You can come over and look through additional photos. You see her with her dalmatian but you can scroll through. She loved to fly and she was known for taking some left over Airline Mail Home with her. She lived in New York City and would take those home and distribute those to some of the homeless or people in need and she would see that they were distributed and used. Im sure that didnt go with airline policy. This is her with her husband. Over here some items that belonged to first officer leroy homer, a patch from his military service with the united States Air Force. He was a graduate from the united States Air Force academy, his wings and his Luggage Tag from united airlines. Also you have marian britton who was traveling with alexa martinez, they were traveling for the us census bureau. She was 21 Year Employee of the United States census bureau. The Bronze Medal she received for exceptional service. The other neat piece we have here is the congressional Gold Medal that was struck for flight 93, and in 2014 was presented here on September 11th to the site for the actions of the passengers through flight 93 and you have both sides represented there and it is important to say that each site, each of the September 11th sites, New York City and the pentagon also have congressional Gold Medals that represent their sites specifically but this is the one that represents flight 93. We turn around to the wall behind me. This captures how visitors, how people have been drawn to this site within hours after the time of the crash over the last 15 years. At the top you have a quote that was written on a Tribute Piece that was left here at the flight 93 Crash Site at one of the temporary memorials. If we come over here to the exhibit case, on this photo the quilt that had been stitched together by Susie Bird in California And Captain ruta of the Fire Department wrote these words. In an early Planning Meeting when they were trying to decide what would happen with this memorial this quote was identified as a preamble to a larger mission statements for what the memorial would become. When we came in from outside the Visitor Center walking the Flight Path as we did at the beginning you noticed a common field one day, that is where it comes from. Attribute item left in these fields as attribute to passengers and crew of flight 93 and 2003. Some of the groupings of tribute items have been left at the temporary memorial or the permanent memorial, things that represent rescue workers that responded at all the sites, patches were a common form of items that were left here representing not just rescue workers but military, we have a strong connection with people visiting the leave military items and at the end we also have items left by people who responded here. This is the shanksville Fire Department, a coat that would have been left, this is a facsimile. You see the original code on the wall covered in ice at the back of the exhibit case. The other piece in the foregrounds Assistant Fire Chief rick kings and the other things that would have been at the front of the responding Fire Departments. A piece in the center here is a montage, through the history of the sites and the crash. From the very Moments Family members were here for the first time leaving flowers and things themselves to visitors, to the passengers and crew, shifting periods from the early days to the dedication of the permanent memorial in 2011 at the Memorial Plaza, to the dedication of the Visitor Center we are standing in in 2015. So the inclusion of this, the final wall, sure you as well as a result of these attacks including flight 93 so they are segmented out by different locations and in the center three screens captured the three memorial sites. Because this is an unfolding story we did not talk about September 11th in the world that is continuously changing. There are events tied to international terrorism that have unfolded since that time. The Learning Center which we passed on our way into the site is a place where we are continuously going to be looking to expand on the story since September 11th, a place where we can talk about the legacy of flight 93 and the continuing story from the events. It is important to stop and pay tribute to all those that lost their lives and show the three memorial sites and learn more about those locations. Flight 93 national memorial represents a lot about what makes america a fantastic country, on September 11th, 2000, when the people on Board Flight 93 were everyday ordinary people, citizens of the globe even. It shows that you can make a difference no matter how big or small or no matter where you are and in a short period of time too. It shows human nature at its best and at its worst moments together. It shows every day people can come together for the betterment of humanity and what you see illustrated here is people not sitting by and watching but actively becoming involved citizens in any event that unfolded to them. In a sense the passengers and crew of flight 93 were living in a postSeptember 11th world long before any of us knew what it was. In the skies overhead. It is important for us to take lessons of the people on board this plane and what they do in a short time. I tell students that are coming here think about how you utilize 30 to 35 minutes out of your everyday life, and what you can do with that time. Maybe you can repurpose that time even if it is as simple as helping somebody to carry groceries in from the car or picking up garbage. It is often a challenge to visitors that come here, a chance for selfexamination. A lot of visitors ask themselves would they be able to do this if they were put in position, a Question Nobody can answer unless faced with the same set of situations but one that people ask themselves. Fun your program guide, cspan. Org history. Senator tom daschle, take us back to the morning of September 11th, 2001. How did your day begin . My day began by normal preparation, a routine leadership meeting. Every tuesday we would do that. I came in early and john glenn, a dear friend, came by. He was going to do an interview and had a little time so he came by for a cup of coffee. We were sitting