Juanito, run. It is midday and you have important business. It is midday. It is time for refreshments, jokes, and laughter. Quietness, forr pleasant games and gentle amusements. It is a fine day. School is out. , ands midday, juanito you have had your life, but your father is hungry. It is for this reason that you run, leaving behind the games into the amusements. Run for the food your mother has prepared that your father may also eat, rest, and refresh himself. This is the story of juanito mr. Buttigieg ,his is the story of juanito his father, his mother, his sister, and the baby. This is a story of a part of the united states, the island of puerto rico, the story of the people who live on that island. This is a land where many live by farming, wears a mans living comes from tobacco, coffee, citrus, or sugar. A mans living comes from tobacco, coffee, citrus or sugar. Whatever the crop, the work is hard, the sun is hot. The work is hard, the land is poor. It is difficult for a man to earn a living. This is the story of how people are, how they act with each other, how they are contented or miserable in the fray, the problems they have. Island, the land itself, the poverty and the land have much to do with the nature of it people, but they grow out of other things too. It grows out of the feelings that man has, the way he feels towards the men who works with, towards his wife, towards his children. This is a story of some of those feelings that men and women have, how those feelings affect the children, how they help mold the way a child grows, the way he develops into a man, the kind of man he will be. Is also the story of children and how they feel and what the feelings of a child mean to the man or woman that the child will grow into. A child learns to be a man by playing, by imitating in his play the things that men do, the way grownups act. They put tend to be men because it makes them feel good inside pretend to be men because it makes them feel good inside, it makes them feel like the grownups they admire most. They show off to them to show them see what kind of man i am going to be, into this is good because it is in this way that a child learns to be a man. But sometimes without knowing only imitatesild the bragging, unhappy part of a man. What a man but is that being a man . A real man . Sometimes a boy never becomes a man because he never stops pretending. Must just to boy show off. Juanito can play at being a man by sitting quietly and enjoying the company of his father tomas. Son to grownts his up to be a true man and for his daughter to marry a true man. Will become aboy peacock, a fool. The girl may become a disappointed, unhappy wife, but it is true it is possible to grow a true man. So a young boy can be cultivated and grown into a full man. A child grows much as a tree grows. Children into trees alike grow for many years during which they gradually realized the promise of their nature. They must be nourished, fed, cultivated, protected order to reach their full grown. It is true trees may grow into but withwithout care, wild trees, many young ones are crowded out. Others rocked into die before and die beforeot their time. So it is with children. They will have a better chance to flourish, all of them if they have room to grow and are cared for and loved, especially when they are small. Tree, a small child climate, aendly climate that comes from the warmth of the parents love for each other. Even the older children flourish in such a climate. A child needs deep roots, a family planted in a strong feeling of family. Able tohild is better face the storms and droughts of adult life. Let us see how a man can grow his tree and his children. What a man and his wife can do and be to help their children, all their trees best fulfill their best nature. Juan tomas plants trees, he finds the best soil. The parents are the earth from which there children grow their children grow. Is in us strength and dignity and gentleness that can flow out from a woman who is happy and content with her husband. With such a quality in her, a woman can love all children more warmly, more freely. [singing in spanish] children raised in an atmosphere where there is love, flourish. Spanish] n there is a respect that a man may have for himself. This too can fortify those around him, so when a man truly respects himself, when he feels deep inside without having to think about it, i am what i am, no better, no worse, and i find it good. Such a man sees value in all those around him and accepts it as good. Because such a man has a Strong Influence in his house, each person, even the very littlest one feels that he is of some value and importance. All of them can feel deep inside without having to think about it , i am what i am and i find it good because my father finds a it good. Nds man who understands trees or children can be certain patient. When the child is old enough to dig holes, it is normal for a father to get angry and say dont dig you wouldnt say to a tree dont grow playing is a part of becoming a man. Young trees and Young Children will need careful attention for a long time. A wise man never plants more trees than he can care for. Fewer trees well spaced will grow better than many trees planted to close together. It is a full list man who brags how many look how many trees i have planted forgetting how much water young trees need. The care of boys and girls continues even when they are almost fully grown. It is a different kind of care when a child is older, the kind of care that can help a girl in feelbility to think and for herself more grownup. One way Young Children learn to be grownup is by imitating in play that things grownups do. The older ones learn the same way, but what they do is not so much imitating, not so much play. She comes very close to living the way grownups do. Boys often feel they have to show that they are really men already, pulling to themselves the goals proving to themselves, girls and other boys that they have already come to manhood. For the girls to this is a time of testing, proving. Every teenage girl likes to flirt because it makes her feel more of a woman. Sometimes this pulling of manhood is merely showing off. The girls can flirt but still no the boy is not saying true things. She does not have to go with any man who wants her. She can know when it is time to say you are not yet a man my friend, you only think you are. Can select yes to understand these things. If there is no happiness in the home when there is too little understanding or respect. Any young girl or young man may leap into marriage with anyone, desiring only to escape the misery of the parents home, to grasp pleasure, to feel important. Such a marriage born out of desperation, made without thought can doom the young man or woman to a life of unhappiness. Inree cannot have deep roots hard, unfriendly soil. A child cannot have healthy roots in a house full of anger. Sometimes children retreat from anger into themselves, into a blind, hopeless apathy. Such a child cannot flourish. Sometimes children can build a refuge of warmth and love for themselves that will protect them from the anger in such times. A child must do something to escape anger. He cannot live with it. T hurts too much sometimes he will defend himself from anger with more anger. With defiance. For some men, turning an angry face to the world as a way of feeling important either for his son or himself. Man . Ither one be a true there has not always been anger in this house, constant disappointments come because each expects from the other each more than he or she can give. Too many children, too much fighting, too much anger have made of this woman a nagging wife and of the husband, a selfish bully. Just one of the squabbles of every day life. This crooked kind of anger is bad for the man, bad for the woman, bad for children. The children in such a home may try to escape the anger perhaps before they are old enough i doing just what their parents did marrying in haste without thought, understanding, without love. Even in a home in which there is love and understanding there can be serious troubles. A man who desires his child to grow straight must understand that each new step towards manhood must be encouraged. This is sometimes difficult, especially when the new things the child has learned outside the home are unfamiliar to the parents. When just such a new step juanito brought home rabbits one day. His father was full of doubt. Why raise animals that are good for nothing . It is hard for a man who has never eaten rabbit to have his son tell him they are good to eat. It is hard for a man to accept learning new things from his son, but the boy is very stubborn. Yaks says if he were the man of as if he he acts were the man of the house. He says he learned in school that rabbits are good to eat and easy to raise. He decides he will take care of them all by himself. It is hard for a man to let his son win an argument. It is hard, but a man must do it sometimes. He must let the child take new steps when he is ready. Aat makes him even more of man. No one would think of preventing a tree from growing, neither should one prevent a child from growing. The physical growth of people and of trees is reached one day, but there is another kind of growth in people that need not stop because there is possible in the hearts and minds of men then to women growth of experience men and women, a growth of experience, of maturity. To raise a real man, one should be a real man, so strong and the feeling of his own worth that hes a he does not pretend to be something he is not to. He can be a good son with his parents because he does not have that he does not pretend to be something he is not. He can be a good son with his parents because he does not have to prove he is a true man. This is what makes a true man. It is possible to help a child grow into a true man or the wife of a true man and it is possible for children to understand that the children days someday will have can be cultivated in love so that they too will be truman truehe wives of truman men and the wives of true men. Home, children can have more patience and understanding towards each other. They have learned along with the pleasures of love there should also be the patience of love, the consideration of love, the understanding of love. They know that all these things go into making a true man. They know it because they see it in their daily lives at home. They know it because they see it in the way the grownups act and feel towards each other, in the way their parents act and feel with them. This man has planted well and cultivated well. His trees and his children will be able to lead stronger, more useful lives because of the care he and his wife have given them. Andis a story of people, how they are with each other, the story of a family, what being in such a family can mean to each person in it. Honor, ande peace, happiness for the mall in the all in theme them years to come. You are watching American History tv in style with event coverage, archival films, lectures in college classrooms. Nd visits to museums all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. Jonathan jones of Penn State University talks about widespread opiate addiction amidst among civil war veterans. He talks about how prescribing morphine led to lifeline life long drug dependency for many. America doctors knew going into the civil war that opiates were addictive when they were used for chronic conditions like pain. If you read antebellum medical journals, you will find medical reports of addiction. This was Common Knowledge among american dockers that if you prescribed opium for certain ,mount of american doctors that if you prescribed opium for certain amounts of time, your patient could become addicted. Many men actually never recovered. Surgeons knew that when they prescribed morphine to soldiers for weeks on end, those men would likely develop tolerance to the drug and eventually develop cases of fullblown addiction. The simple fact is doctors had no choice. There were no medical alternatives to opiates into the medicines were essential if surgeons were basically going to patch soldiers up and send them back to the front lines. The confederate medical Army Handbook put it like this opium is the one indispensable drug on the battlefield, as necessary to the doctor as gunpowder is to ordinance. Opium was very important. Considering how widespread they were during the war, countless civil war veterans became addicted to opiates. Some men became addicted to morphine and opium during the war in hospitals where john was treated for a gunshot wound in 1864. Theirmen develops addictions after returning home from the war through the practice of selfmedication. When you go to the pharmacy today and ask for a prescription medicine, you need a doctor to issue a prescription. You cant buy addictive narcotics overthecounter. That did not exist in the civil war era. There were no restrictions on opiates and told the 20th century. This is how often times veterans got addicted, they continued purchasing the medicines the surgeons had given them during the army. A bit of selfmedication and prescription opiates as well. Learn more about opie yet opiumion at 3 oniction here on history tv cspan3. Keep up with us during the week on facebook and youtube. To learn what happened on this day in history and see preview clips of upcoming programs. Follow us at cspan history. Ofthis is the anniversary the pilgrims landing on plymouth harbor. We mark the anniversary of four films about their story, which were produced for classroom use. Here is a preview. Each week American Historys real america brings you archival americaat reel brings you archival films that give perspective on todays issues. Mayflower sales alone. [waves crashing] mayflower sails alone. [waves crashing] that had no friends to inns tothem, nor entertain or refresh their ,eatherbeaten bodies, no homes let alone towns to retreat to succor. Those who know the winters of the country know them to be sharpened violent. And violent. Landcould they see but a of wild beasts send men and what multitudes there may be of them, men and what multitudes there may be of them. As captain standish had foreseen, this was to threaten the very purpose of the pilgrimage. Enter. These men have agreements a grievance. Yes, what is it . We camer carver, when on this voyage, we understood you had a patent for the Virginia Company to settle in virginia. So we have. Then command us now, master carver. What is your meaning . Is this this ship was blown off course. Your pedant is worthless. Your patent is worthless. You have no power to command. We have the power to command from god. Command us, master carver. What say you, captain standish . 200re landfall is some miles off your patent, of that there can be no doubt. Matter, theseer men are strangers to your religion as mi, but i would remind you as am i, this. D remind you of in the land from which you fled to you fled your call disbelievers and worse. Land, are in an unknown wilderness and unless we wish to leave our bones rotting on this ashore before the winter is over, i say we better dwell together in unity. We whose names are underwritten, allow updates to our sovereign lord king james the first having undergone a voyage to establish a colony in the new world to solemnly bind ourselves together into a civil body politic for our ordering and preservation. To enact such just and equal laws as shall be thought most mete and convenient for the colonies. By all pleasant i agree. You can watch more about how schoolchildren learned about the pilgrims in the 20th century at 4 00 p. M. Eastern casesh corona virus increasing across the country, use a website to follow the trends, check the spread, and watch updates on demand anytime cspan. Org coronavirus. Each week, American History tvs american artifacts visits museums and historic places. Up next, a visit to the National Building museum to learn about the exhibit architecture of an asylum, st. Elizabeths, 1852 to 2017. Known as the Government Hospital for the insane when it opened in 1852, it was built with a view of washington, d. C. At its peak in 1960, st. Elizabeths had almost 8,000 patients and covered 300 acres. It is still open today. In this hourlong program, curator h