Where barry goal is calling for courage and integrity in meeting problems. Hes calling for men to do nothing policies, policies based on the dynamic principles of the republic. Hes calling for rebirth of individual freedom. We reject there for the ideas of the economic planners in washington that a group of people sitting in washington can plan what the country is going to make, where its going to be made the quality of the product the price of the product, the wages to be paid the profits to be made etc etc. We know that the system and simpler terms is called socialism has never worked in the history of the earth. It is not working today in countries where it is been tried republican president ial candidates Barry Goldwater campaign in 1964. cspans the contenders coming to you from phoenix, arizona. , the Goldwater Institute as we look at coal waters challenge to president Lyndon Johnson and his political influence during the second half of the 20. Century we welcome you tonight and we welcome our audience at the goal Water Institute and our three guests who will walk us through the political career of marital water beginning with rick charleston. He is really a nation magazine and the new republic and a new yorker, and hes also the author of the book nixon land. And drc olson who is also our hostess president of ceo of the Goldwater Institute. She preserve lee City Services on the cato institute. Her articles of appeared in washington journal and a national. We and dont make you grew up here in arizona he served two terms in the state legislator is turned one term in the senate. Hes produced 90 documents including Barry Goldwater and american life. Thank you all very much. Rick pearl steam lets begin with you. He called himself a different kind of a candidate for a different time and election year. How . So i think that the thing that made him most different is that he was a reluctant president ial. Candidate if we think about all of the people running for president in 2012, we cannot say that any them are reluctant. Its a fulltime job. It is all time consuming. But ever since 1960 when the first people came to marigold water and try to draft him and said we want to make you a president ial candidate, he would say thats a lasting a. My mind i dont want to run for president. Once he even told Chicago Tribune i do not have the brains to three president i dont think. And over and over, again he said we dont care, we are going to draft you. Thats pretty much what happened he was pretty much drafted by full suffers followers who raised money and built an organization on his. On we will talk this later about the sassy nation of john. Kennedy how did this influence his decision to go ahead 1964. While he was thinking about inching forward in the fall of 1960. Three one of the reasons for was president kennedy introduced a civil rights bill that was actually beginning to build a strong backlash. There were people talking about president kennedy being vulnerable in 1964. Gold water was close to kennedy, he like kennedy and when kennedy was assassinated, it is very hard to reconstruct this context in our minds but it was so harrowing for the american people. People blamed extremism. People blame the kind of vociferous ideological politics that americans did not want to believe was part of their political system. And very goal water in mediately lost. Interesting fact it was another month and a half before he answered the call of one more group of people come into him and begging him saying it was his duty to support the conservative cause. And he finally reached a. Do it in this book they came out the conscious of the colors of it was century was a manifest of why he was. Running and the ideology that shaped. Him and that piece of film we showed you at the top of the program, he talked about freedom and Free Enterprise and a failed socialist experiment the democrats were pushing in the 19 sixties. Right, well Barry Goldwater stud for one thing and he was very clear about it and that was freedom. That book today is just as relevant as it was when it was written 50 years ago. Barry would say, circumstances change, principles to not. And when he was getting ready to run for office, he said you know as i survey the landscape and as i look around and all the different questions that might occur to me, the most incursion important concern that i will have, the most important question that i will ask myself is are we maximizing freedom . And that was the beginning and end of his political analysis. Take us back to 1964 and walk us through barry goal water in the u. S. Senate for two terms. What led him to this point on the National Stage . Really in a sense the simplicity of his perspective. Simplicity as compared to more complicated politics. We have to go back. You have to look at Barry Goldwater in the context of his times. Is finally came here in the 18 fifties. He grew up in 1890 and dusty Little Phoenix that had about eight or 9000 people at the time. Life was more simple here than it wasnt east. Our zone arizona wasnt even . Estate when he was born it was not a state for two or three more years. But just lifestyle and this was still the old west at that time. It wasnt new york city and whatever. So you have to look at barry his Family History wish met a lot to him, from 1890 through up to world war ii, what was life like here . It was very simple. It was very unsophisticated. It was black and white, it was right in wrong, it was the old west. It wasnt sophisticated east coast. I bring that up because that is what shaped, were you to get these views . Which i call small libertarian which are very small views about rain wrong at this in that. But it was the context in which he grew up. Now you asked me a question i cant remember what the question was . What led us to 1964 and what shaped his ideology in the 19 fifties until around 64 . Well truthfully it was what i just. Said it was simple. I dont mean in a negative way but it was sort of simple. There was right and wrong, there was good and bad, and this in that in the other. You get into world war ii which he served in very much, remember world war ii was the major right versus bad thing. Then you get into the cold war, us versus the soviet union. All of these sings from goldwaters perspective and from the context of the time were pretty black and white especially as compared to todays politics where you dont know quite who is doing what to whom and to what. So he was the personification of good versus bad, right versus wrong, whether you agree with him or not that was his personification of. That and i think that had a lot of appeal by the team the fifties and certainly 1964. Canada and you met burial water are gonna come back later ask you about your impressions of him. Lets focus on the 1964 race. Because you had other names in the race. You had a government scranton to pennsylvania was in and out again. Nelson rockefeller spent a lot of money to try to secure the nomination. Walk us through how these candidates challenge burial to water and how he ultimately got the nomination. While the Republican Party was a very Different Institution that it is now. It was controlled by moderates and even liberals. The whole entire in ideology of the pardon system is different. Each party had in it both conservatives and liberals. The Democratic Party had very conservative members from the south and for a liberal members from the north. The republicans had an isolationist conservative wing from the midwest and a liberal wing from the republic from the northeast. What the berry goal water president ial campaign was all about was trying to take over the party from the bottom up, the bottom up being this conservative ideological activists. They had their meetings in country clubs in very fancy places. It was presumes that someone like Nelson Rockefeller was the heir apparent for the republican nomination. The idea that a conservative couldve won a nomination was absolutely seen as impossible by the pundits. Because the pundits then said that america was ensconced within a liberal center left consensus. That wind white eyes in our not only embraced the new deal but even expanded it, opening up Something Like the department of Health Education welfare, instituting the institute which was a huge federal outlay, it was just presumed that the conservatism of the 1920s, which was seen as something that have gotten us into the depression was no longer relevant to modern life. In your, book you point out two key primaries were critical in 1964. Oregon, which Nelson Rockefeller one and california, which barr eagle water one. California was an absolutely fascinating knockdown, drag a political fight. And i talked earlier about barry goal water had these impassioned supporters who would do whatever they want even if where eagle water told not to do it. These are people who were from groups like the john birch society, somewhere segregationists. They were also farright extremists. They were basically willing to knock on doors until her knuckles were bloody. They were willing to sabotage other campaigns. It was seen as a fight for civilization itself. Because the other candidates, the liberal candidates, Nelson Rockefeller were seen as the sort of harbingers of the socialism that they believed was destroying civilization itself. It was incredibly impassioned. Two years after Richard Nixon lost his governorship, you still a player in the Republican Party 1964 and according to yearbook use trying to figure out a way that the party might turn him if they did not want to rockefeller or buried or water. You mentioned the oregon primary, he actually established a secret boiler room in a basement in which Richard Nixon was in which people were hired to make phone calls to voters saying, when the be a neat idea if Richard Nixon was drafted to be president . This is Richard Nixon were talking about right . Someone found out about it and the camera crew showed up. Richard nixon was kind of scheming in scamming he was always hoping that goal water and then rockefeller were knocking themselves out. The reason cartoon that showed them rockefeller and goldwater having a shoot out in the middle of an old western town and nixon was rubbing his hands, and Richard Nixons political undertakers parlor. [laughs] we is always want to hear from you. Our phone lines are open. If you live in the eastern or central time zones two zero two seven three seven zero zero zero two if you live in the pacific time zones. We also will get questions from the. Audience it will show you political ads for 1964. But you remember this. Campaign how did Lyndon Johnson run against Barry Goldwater . What was his tactic . Rotten us. No, johnson ran a very smart campaign. Because he made goldwater the issue as a polled pose to the issues being the issue. Barry was painted as a crazy person. There were things put out by the Johnson Campaign that some group of psychiatrists in america came out with some statement that Barry Goldwater was mentally ill, some of you probably remember that, that he was crazy. And then of course, the famous ten nine eight seven, you know the nuclear bomb commercial which only aired onetime but it got a lot of attention. It was designed by bill moye or s actually. It was a totally do the guy in kind of campaign. Its important to realize the nuclear stuff did not just come out of nowhere. He made a very strong argument that a craven fear of death had crept into the american psyche. And by that he meant the people were so afraid of nuclear war that they did not want to confront to sue the union. While there was a good reason people were afraid to confront the Sovereign Union because all at war with the soviet union wouldve meant the end of civilization itself. Barry water never flinched and he thought that it free people out that if we are afraid of going to war with the soviet union even it means nuclear war, we are on a path to surrender. That was a genuinely frightening notion, i specially after the cuban missile crisis when people came within hours or so they thought of armageddon itself. So he did have some very unconventional ideas about the necessity of confronting the soviet union head on military alert. Well talk a little bit later about that iconic daisy app. We put together some 1964 adds to get a sense of the issues in personality that campaign. This particular phone only rings in a serious crisis. Even in the hands of a man who is proven himself responsible. Vote for president johnson on november 3rd. The people ask mary goldwater. I have i have a question for mr. Goldwater. We keep hearing about hot words, cold wars and brush fire wars. Ivan over brother and some are my classes are now serving in the armed forces. Id like to know if mr. Goldwater rocky percent of. War let me assure you here and now and ive said this in every corner of the land throughout this campaign and i will continue to say it, that the goldwater administration will need once more the proven policy of peace through strength that was the hallmark of the eyes in our years. The eisenhower approach to Foreign Affairs is our approach. It served the cause of freedom and avoided war during the last Republican Administration. It will do so again. We are the party of preparedness and the party of peace. In your heart, you know hes right, vote for Barry Goldwater. Another weapon. On october 20, fourth 1963 burial water set of the atomic bomb. Merely another weapon. Merely another weapon . Vote for president johnson. The stakes are too high for you to stay home. Graft so kendalls juvenile delinquency crime riots here are what Barry Goldwater has to say about or lack of moral leadership. The leadership of this nation as a clear and immediate challenge to go to work effectively and go to work immediately to restore proper respect for law and order in this land and not just prior to election day either. Americas greatness, its greatness of our people can let this generation and make a new mark for that greatness. Let this generation of americans set a standard of responsibility that will inspire the world. In your heart, you know is right. Vote for Barry Goldwater. When you look back those campaigns for 1960 for your reaction. Well a lot of different thoughts come to mind when i see that array, including how many of these commercials inspired modernday political commercials. When i take away, is the slogan in your heart you know hes right. I think the american prove that 15 years later when they elected Ronald Reagan who campaigned an identical platform but with a little bit different packaging and a little more gloss. And this messaging, rickie were talking about about the soviet union and goal water had too much bravado and it was scaring people. That was exactly what reagan ran with and of course we have history to tell the tale that that was the right Public Policy to pursue. And i think that speaks a lot about the timing and what is happening socially when you are campaigning in how important that is and how much that influences ultimately whether you get through with your ideas. Two different approaches. Tony shorts as was done behind a lot of the Lyndon Johnson approaches. A different tactic by the Goldwater Campaign. When i look at the goal water as, i think about how atrocious they were. The goldwater team is not very professional for all kinds of reasons one of them being Barry Goldwater wanted to have people and brought him he felt comfortable with. He hired his arizona friends who were not National Political professionals. The lead in johnson advertisements for made by an advertising agency. Theyve done the volkswagen acts and i advertised one of the guys who produce one of Barry Goldwater goldwater the barry ads which is in talking to eisenhower. It was a total bust. They got all sort of telegrams said im never gonna get his commercial again. His name is chuck lexingtons team he has passed away. He said i never had a lot of experience with tv. He said he never watched that was a Goldwater Campaign. We are going to be showing during the course of this evening some of the documentary that you have put together some of the you worked with Barry Goldwater how long to get this put together . Talk probably specifically on the project probably six months. Was there one thing that you did not know about burial water and his politics are you learning putting this together . His language . [laughter] elaborate. He has a very colorful language. I was going to tell a story, but i really have to clean it up. I will tell the story. I will clean it up. One of the last times i was with him, i walked into his living room and he was sitting in an barca lounger watching tv. I said, how are you doing . He looked at me and said here is the clean up part the fing racoons are sing in my fireplace. And i said . What people dont know but we have raccoons in the desert here in arizona. I dont even know until that day actually. A mother raccoon had climbed up on its roof and come down the chimney. What you call the thi