Only scant remnants of their cultures. Its difficult to establish at what point in history medicine appeared, but we have some record of diseases being treated in various parts of the world as far back as 2000 years bc. Throughout the centuries, navigation was developed with around the people planet, pandemics of yellow fever, and color began to spread. Nations began to realize there was a need to fight these diseases together. In 1851, the First InternationalHealth Conference was held in paris. Of1919, a new strain claims more victims in the first month then had been killed in the first world war. The league of nations did consider health, but it was only after the Second World War that a United Nations conference drew up the plan for a separate International Health body. In september 1947, when cholera broke out in egypt, the World Health Organization sprang into action. It could not afford to wait for its formal constitution, which was signed on april 7, 1948. They since celebrate it globally as well health a day. In june 1948, the First World Health assembly was open in geneva with 53 countries represented. The suffering of millions of human beings and scores of countries will be alleviated, and many, many thousands of lives will be saved. [applause] werearantine regulations drawn up to curb the spread of communicable diseases, but the root causes of ill health also had to be tackled. The world has lost sight of health, poverty, and pregnant. Malaria was one of the Top Priorities facing the new administration. In the early 1950s, spectacular successes were achieved through systematic spraying of ddt. Developedamples had resistance to spraying, and they will have the organization launched a campaign to eradicate malaria. Relief was not to be. By the late 1960s, it was clear eradication was not possible. Controlling malaria was a more realistic approach. One out of four people it touched died. The rest were marked for life. Millions were affected. Country started massive vaccination campaigns to wipe out the disease worldwide, but to vaccinate every man, woman, and child proved an overwhelming task. In 1967, the World Health Organization launched a new campaign with a different approach contain the disease with each outbreak. Every case had to be tracked down. All who have been in contact had to be found and vaccinated. The search went on everywhere. In schools, public places, through persontoperson contact. Even financial rewards were offered to those reporting cases. The question was asked over and over again have you seen anyone who looks like this . Stepbystep, the disease was pushed back to the very last case. Of transmission as old as mankind was broken. On may 8, 1980, the director general of the World Health Organization, signed a certificate of eradication. The 10year Campaign Cost 10 million, a real bargain. The world saved each year 100,000 on vaccines. The state of human suffering has no price. Important as the elimination of smallpox was, hundreds of millions in the lessdeveloped countries were still trapped in a vicious cycle of poverty and disease. Most people had no access to basic health care. Average Life Expectancy hovered at 50. Many mothers died in childbirth. Many children like these died before reaching adolescence. Something had to be done. A new, effective, longterm plan that would benefit everyone. The hope for all by the year 2000 was the goal set by the World Health Assembly in 1977. A year later, the way ahead was declared. Villages such as this one, a new vision began to take root, a vision based on primary health care. Theirs help for people in homes, schools, villages where they live and work. Womenon based on men and trained to care for Common Health problems. Ago, the World Health Organization was created to help build a healthier world. Where are we today . World population has reached the 5 billion mark. A remarkable progress has been medicine,ience and yet, the Health Sector varies widely in industrialized nations, many millions are invested in medical technology, but blatant inequalities in Health Status remain. Kicks ahead. Ology it also takes its toll. For example, Nuclear Technology threats to health. In response to these dangers, individuals are taking personal action. In the poorer nations, the picture is very different. Three quarters of the worlds population received less than 10 of the worlds budget for health. Women have a 200 times greater risk of dying during pregnancy and childbirth than women in the rich nations. While these countries still face the diseases of poverty, they must learn to confront the diseases of affluence, fueled by the adoption of western lifestyles, alcohol and tobacco use surge upward. So to Heart Disease and cancer rates. For the first time in their history, these countries must battle yesterdays and tomorrows diseases at the same time. Today, the world is facing a grave new threat the aids virus. We dont know where it came from, but we do know that it brings suffering and death. More than half of the people diagnosed with aids have died. Fortunately, it can only spread from one person to the next in a few ways sex, blood, and from mother to child. The aids virus is already present on every continent. Governments acting individually cannot stop its stop its spread. The only way it can be stopped in any country is for it to be stopped in all countries. From who, the call has gone out to the family of nations, to nations, and individuals, the call that says that we know how to stop aids and what is now required is that responsible actions take place at the individual, the national, and the international level. Over the past 40 years, the World Health Organization has shown what can be achieved through international cooperation. Eradication of smallpox, a major reduction in Child Mortality through immunization and antidiarrheal disease control, aim toof programs which aid health in developing countries by the end of the century, and many other similar, low Cost Solutions to numerous to mention. And the of lives saved untold suffering avoided have throughieved cooperation between countries, research and proper use of , throughte technology whos primary health care approach. Over the past 40 years, we with the difficulty in who that developments that includes, of course, Health Developments cannot be achieved by proxy. It has to be carried out by the concerned themselves, but them that, who has shown how much they themselves can do to improve their own health, so it has promoted research and development, leading to a string of low cost technologies that can be adapted to different social, economic, and cultural eventions, and affordable by the poorest countries, but most important, who has shown how to set up the permanent structures required in the health and many other sectors to make sure Technology Becomes accessible to the masses and not just for the privileged few. The declaration on primary health care, now 10 years old, clearly maps out the road on which we are firmly engaged. People everywhere, from north to south, east to west, recognize beyond all our differences that health is good for all people and essential, indeed, for human progress, that there is both economic value and social justice in health. Recognize that even if health is not everything, there is nothing without it. In the interest of the human for, there must be health all and all for health. You are watching American History tv, covering history sees fans style with event coverage, eyewitness accounts, inhival films, lectures college classrooms, and visits to museums and historic places. All weekend, every weekend on cspan3. Cspan has unfiltered coverage of congress, the white house, the supreme court, and Public Policy events. You can watch all of cspans Public Affairs programming on online, or listen on our free radio app, and be part of the National Conversation through cspans daily Washington Journal Program or through our social media feeds. Cspan created by americas Cable Television companies as a Public Service and brought to you today by your television provider. The National Constitution center in philadelphia hosted a session on political progress and polarization from the civil war through today. Andkers included historians a political scientist. The event took place online due to the coronavirus pandemic, and the National Constitution center provided the video. Great honor to introduce our guests. What an amazing panel. Americas most established historians and scholars of congress to help us understand our current vexations. Is resident er