Go inside and learn about the people who helped to make indiana what it is today. Welcome to the indiana state museum. It looks at indiana from the earliest geological beginnings to the present. We will focus on those sections that explore the time when humans first came into indiana and the first peoples were here at least 12,000 years ago. We are going to start looking at indianas first nations, and the first thing you will see in the gallery is a case filled with beautiful objects that show how these cultures were not only surviving but thriving in indiana. You have the entire span represented, everything from projectile points for hunting, very practical vessels to beautiful objects. A couple items i would highlight are the pipe in the center of the case, which is one of the first artifacts in the museums collection. It is a very beautiful pipe in the shape of a wolf and shows the importance of pipes for ceremonial purposes in those early cultures. This one was probably made between 100 and 500. About 1500 years old. Below it, and an honest vessel is probably before europeans came to indiana. This holds 14 gallons. It was probably for food storage. It was found in fragments. Archaeologists reconstructed the beautiful shape. You can see the detailed patterns as well on the surface. Behind me, a map giving an example of how sophisticated and welltraveled cultures were. They had extensive Trading Networks covering most of north america. If you look at the map, that represents the hopewell or woodland culture. Theyre getting shark teeth from the gulf coast of florida, material from canada, obsidian from montana, going thousands and thousands of miles, importing raw material and finished goods and exporting materials as well. We have moved to contested territory where we explore who would ultimately control what became indiana. That was a contest between european powers, france, between even spain, and europeans and after we became the u. S. , the americans, with the native peoples who were trying to defend their longtime lands. We are looking at one of the earliest settlements in indiana. This is the frenchtown and fort of vicennes. It was a military outpost and trading center. It relied on export relationships with the native peoples who brought fur. The french were another trading partner of historically strong trading connections the native peoples had. The french came with a difference. They and the other european powers claimed the land for themselves and ultimately it was that aspect of the relationship that would make all the difference in what became indiana. There was in this. Effortd, and intentional to make the native peoples more dependent on trade goods so they could be economically manipulated toward the end of ultimately getting the land through treaty or force. American revolution, you have complex alliances between british, american colonists fighting and the other powers. After the revolution, britain seized an enormous part of the u. S. The americans create the Northwest Territory. One problem with that is although they own it by treaty with the british, they dont actually own it. Native people still owned much of the land. That will lead to a long conflict. Initially, after these conflict begin in the wake of the revolution, the native peoples are very successful. They win many major battles. After the battle of solemn timbers, where the british make it clear they are not a reliable ally to the native peoples, many of the leaders of nations realized they are going to have to negotiate some kind of settlement. That leads to the treaty of greenville, which cedes an enormous amount of land and what was the Northwest Territory to the americans. The treaty is one of the earliest major treaties in the Northwest Territory that cedes large amounts of land but it is just the beginning of a process where with increasing speed frequency treaty after treaty will take place so that more and more land is taken from the rol to theonto americans. William Henry Harrison was a very ambitious leader from virginia. In his late 20s, he has made the territorial governor of indiana and almost immediately accelerates the process of treaty making and moving native lands into american control. William Henry Harrison would continue to have a great influence on the early years of what became indiana. He came from virginia and wanted to recreate indiana and the model of an aristocratic, slaveowning society. He had a lot of opposition. That opposition was led by a man named jonathan jennings, pushing for statehood even before the war of 1812. With the war over, now that bush resumed. Jennings led a faction that really wanted to emphasize the rights of the common man, much more democratic, also outline, the northwest ordinance, any form of slavery in the state outlawed. Ultimately his faction would prevail and determine the course of indiana over the next decades. After indiana achieved statehood, december, 1816, most of the early settlers were from the upper south, kentucky, virginia, north carolina. They came to indiana for a better future. One family that moved to indiana in december was absolutely typical of a Pioneer Family of the time. They moved from kentucky where they had just lost another farm because they could not get clear land titles and were looking for new opportunities. The father was a carpenter who was moving into the community as the main person who could build furniture, cabins, buildings. He brought with him his wife and his son and daughter. Thats on, abraham lincoln, would become president of the united states. We are going to look at a cabin very much like the one the lincolns built when they came to indiana. We have pieces in the cabin that belonged to the lincolns or relate directly to them. I would like to show you those. Lincolns mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln died when he was quite young. When he moved back to kentucky and brought back his stepmother, sarah, she insisted on a few improvements. That is what you see in this cabin. Wooden floor. Cup windows. Whitewash the inside. Make it more livable. Pioneersle thought brought only the absolute necessities. They wanted a better life. They often brought treasured possessions. In the homes there would have been furniture made by Thomas Lincoln, a very skilled carpenter. Here you see examples of his corner cabinets. They relate to the maximum, you get what you pay for. On the one side, we have a simple, practical corner cabinet that would have been something that was extremely utilitarian. In the other corner, we have a much more high style corner cabinet with beautiful inlay that really shows the level of detail and fine craftsmanship Thomas Lincoln brought to his work. Finally, we have a mallet belonging to abraham lincoln. He spent his formative years in indiana ages 721. This mallet, we like to refer to it as the rail splitter. At one time, it was an actual rail splitting mall. You can see a groove where the burls split in half and lincoln repurposed it into a bench mallet. He also put his initials and the year, 1829 on the mallet. Transportation was always a challenge. The earliest was along rivers. There was more mor need for roa. Federal government has started the National Road leaving cumberland, maryland and in the 1830s it came to indiana. This is a recreation of a portion of the National Road which shows you how difficult it was to travel. Muddy, stumps. Stumps have to be shorter than 18 inches so the wagon axles could clear them. There was a constant push to improve roads and transportation, not only within the state of indiana but also linking indiana to the rest of the nation. Indiana is centrally located. Some of the first roads crossed in indianapolis. The railroads crossed in indianapolis. It was built on a nonnavigable river but more transportation came through indiana so that it was a hub. Transportation within the state, we have one of the largest inner urban railroad networks in the country. Allhe 1890s, early 1900s, the way up to when automobiles come in in the 1920s. Even today, we are still a center for transportation and logistics. A lot of people, if they have not been to indianapolis they have been through it or flown over it. Indiana wese, explore the rise of new industries 1920 to 1940, foremost among those, the automobile industry. Indiana, more than 80 towns and cities that have some element of automobile manufacturing in them, more than 200 Companies Either made cars or were suppliers to those manufacturers. Two of the earliest made here. 1910 models. The yellow car was manufactured by john lambert, who made a variety of internal combustion engines for industry and then went into car manufacturing. 1891, it is one of the earliest vehicles in the midwest. The other car, fancier, was made by Elwood Haynes of kokomo. He made his first car in 1894. He was quite the promoter. He sent his car to the smithsonian saying it was the first car made in the u. S. Indiana. E in global that looks at the cultural explosion, Economic Growth after world war ii. The baby boom, the rise of youth culture, new consumer goods from transistor radios made here to popular music, all varieties of culture and everyday life. One of those things central to indiana which predates the postwar. Period is indiana basketball. Basketball really took off here. You could play it with a small team so even a tiny school surrounded by farms could compete. It has become nationally famous, most prominently through the movie, hoosiers. Offictionalize is the story a tiny high school that became the state champion after beating one of the Big Powerhouse schools. They made it to the championship after a lastminute shot won the regional game against muncie central. That was made by a man named bobby plumb. [applause] backboarde have the off the barn, which is the quintessential indiana basketball artifact. His dad put the backboard on the barn. He practiced over and over and over again so that he was able to make that winning shot and ultimately went on to play basketball for Butler University in indianapolis. Finally, i would like to focus on another famous indian export. The jackson five. They came out of gary, indiana. Here we have costumes from a 1976 tour as well as the traveling trunk. They had television specials, primetime. There record sold millions. Individual members of the family then went on to greater stardom. When people come from indiana, from all over the world, they recognize the jacksons. They are one of the biggest exports from indiana in terms of cultural and musical influence. We continue to see that influence today. American originals, i call this the aha gallery. So many people from indiana, people had no idea were from this state. That summarizes what we hope we will find when you come to the museum, that you will learn new stories, you will be surprised what you find out about indiana. You will see how it fits into the larger currency of our country and world. You will see some of those elements that really make indiana very much a place of its own. We recently traveled to indianapolis to learn about the rich history. To watch more video from indianapolis and other stops on our tour, visit www. Cspan. Org c itiestour. Youre watching American History tv, all weekend, every weekend on cspan3. Sunday night on q a, wall street trader turned photojournalist on his book, dignity about the plight of those living on the margins of society in america. Sunday morning or saturday. Empty, because all the semis were gone. The Industrial Park of the point. Immediately, her intelligence came right through. We spoke for about an hour, half hour. She told me her life. Just, it is like a cliche of everything wrong that could happen to somebody. Eventually, i asked her what i asked everybody. How do you want me to describe you in one sentence . She shot back. Am, a prostitute, a mother of six and a child of god. On cspans q a. Up next, a discussion about the racially motivated 1919 elaine, arkansas massacre. Panelists contributed to the book. Part of the 2000 19 Southern Historical Associations Annual conference. 2019 welcome to new perspectives and sources on the elaine massacre of 1919. This is devoted to advancing our understanding of a horrific series of events that began just over 100 years ago in which africanamericans were hunted by a paranoid and enraged crowd of