Narrator here, a century and a half ago, our nation was born. Here was adopted the declaration of independence, which proclaimed our freedom. All men are created equal. They are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights. These are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Narrator the constitution of the United States guarantees our freedom, determines neither king nor dictator, but only we the people shall rule. Franklin, you have just come from the Constitutional Convention. What have we got, a republic or a monarchy . If you can keep it so. Narrator a prophetic statement from Benjamin Franklin is the Constitutional Convention ended in september 1787. A republic, if you can keep it so. It was here in philadelphia the George Washington penned his immortal farewell address, and which he established the Great American tradition unbroken for 145 years and our safeguard against dictatorship and tyranny, that no president should serve for a third term. Citizens, and fellow the period for a new election of a citizen to administer the executive government of the United States, being not far and a time already arrived when your thoughts must be occupied in designating the clothed with to be that important trust, it appears especially as it may conduce to eye more distant expression of the public voice, that i should now apprise you of to resolution i have formed, decline to be considered among the number of those out of home a choice out of whom a choice is to be made. Narrator and here in philadelphia in june 1940, members of another historymaking convention opened their session. Convention of the Republican Party will now come to order. [applause] werator but they resolved will keep this nation a republic, and keep this an assembly of freemen. Delegates,blican even as we meet, lights are going out in your in europe. Blackouts and dictators take the place of lighthouses of free men. Ours is a grave responsibility, to keep burning brightly the light of liberty. [applause] if we meet that responsibility, the people will make demands nextwe here nominate their president in november. Narrator here are men and women from all of the territories, to preserve the constitution the founders wrote, to keep america free from dangers washington and jefferson foresaw, and they placed country above themselves. These americans are determined to preserve representative American Government in this land new matter what happens elsewhere. Behind them in every part of the country are millions of americans giving voice to the Great American proof that we, the people, are the government. They refused to believe that the door of opportunity is closed. They have faith in america. [applause] here, the representatives bring the spirit of independence home from the Republican National convention. There are no bigcity bosses, machine bosses and control, no manipulated brass. It comes from sincere men and women, free men and women. It does not come from men under the lash of corrupt city machines. Here, we the people assert our will. [applause] [crowd chanting] these representatives of the people demand a leader who is one of them, a man who came up the hard way, the peoples demand is met. , when will the nomination of Wendell Wilkie be made unanimous . [applause] argue in favor of making the nomination of Wendell Wilkie unanimous . Kindly say aye. [applause] day,tor the following Wendell Wilkie and misses Wilkie Wilkie come to convention hall. [applause] im very thankful. Im also overwhelmed. I dont think any man in my position could be but overwhelmed. Thes just the beginning of fight, fight for the preservation of american ideals, a fight to bring about unity in america, for the restoration of our domestic economy and the solding of a great defense that no dictator may strike. I thank the convention. I think all of the american people. [applause] his vice and as president ial running mate, senator Charles Mcnally of oregon. [bell rings] narrator so Wendell Wilkie, born 48 years ago in indiana, emerges in response to the greatest demonstration of some of spontaneous support our country has ever known. His grandparents fled the autocracy of europe to find liberty in this country, here in elwood, his parents practiced law. Wendell wilkie was born in a modest home, like millions of americans. The public grade and high schools, just like millions of americans. His hardworking americans his hardworking parents later moved to this home, from which Wendell Wilkie went on to success in law and business. The day we declared war on germany in 1917 wendy wilkie delisted in the armed and fought in france, with his brothers promptly joining him in uniform. Wilkes, a edith, librarian in brush veil, where he now owns farmland. He has learned our needs and problems not from books or reports or bosses from city machines, but by living and working with us, facetoface, shoulder to shoulder, and it is facetoface he would like to meet you now to talk about problems facing allamericans. Like very much to talk to everybody in this country personally about the issues of this campaign. Few understand that the size of the country and the time i have to devote this campaign make that impossible, but i take this method of presenting to you my views on some of the fundamental on which this campaign my convictions are very strong and very clear. Because i am a businessman, of which incidentally i am very proud, and formerly connected with a large company, the doctrinaires of the opposition have attempted to picture me as an opponent of liberalism. But i was a liberal before many of those men heard the word, and i have fought for reforms of follett and Theodore Roosevelt in Woodrow Wilson before another roosevelt adopted and distorted the word liberal. I believe forces of Free Enterprise must be read like him must be regulated. I oppose business monopolies. I believe in the right of collective bargaining without any interference and the full protection of that obvious right. I believe in minimum standards for wages and maximum standards believe suchd standards should constantly improve. I favor the regulation of intrastate utilities and banking, the security markets. I believe in federal pensions and adequate oldage benefits, and in unemployment allowances. I believe the federal government adjust the to position of the farmer with that of the manufacturer. If this cannot done by parity prices, than some other method must be found without too much regimentation of the farmers affairs. Encouragementhe of cooperative buying and selling, and the full extension of rural electrification, and i believe the federal government owes a very strong obligation to preserve our natural resources. What i do not base my claim to liberalism solely upon my support of such reforms. American liberalism does not consist merely of reforming things. It consists primarily in making things. For thesubstitute philosophy of distributed scarcity, the philosophy of unlimited productivity. I stand for the restoration of full production and reemployment in American Private enterprise. The present administration has spent 60 billion. The new deal spends for doing what has to be done by spending as much money as possible. I propose to do it by spending as little money as possible. Thisis one issue in campaign i intend to make Crystal Clear before the conclusion of the campaign, so that everybody in this country can understand the tremendous waste of their resources and money that have taken place in the last seven and a half years. There is another very vital issue which i would like to debate with Franklin D Roosevelt facetoface, and that is the assumption by this president in seeking a third term of a Greater Public confidence that america afforded to its president ial giants, washington, jefferson, jackson, Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. We have not and i pray to god we may never reach the time in america where there is any such thing as the indispensable man. We are engaged in a sacred cause, the preservation of american democracy. I cannot lead this cause alone. I need the help of every american, republican, democrat, independent, protestant, catholic, jew, people of every race, creed and color. If we all join together, each doing his utmost, dedicating ourselves to the principles of american liberty, a revitalized and reunited america will triumph over any enemy within or without. Blessk you, and god you. Herator he knows us because has worked with us, teaching, driving a bakery wagon, and as a field hand harvesting wheat and a labor in california, and in steel mills, sugar fields. We need him, and we the people must and will elect Wendell Wilkie president , preserving our great tradition against a third term, paving the way for jobs for 10 million unemployed, protecting our america from radicals at home and the pressures abroad. We the people must work for the election of Wendell Wilkie and Charles Mcnary and every candidate who stands with them for the moral progress of america, for its unity, for the very life of its liberty. [ringing bell] you can watch archival films on Public Affairs in their entirety on our weekly series reel america, saturday at 10 00 p. M. And sunday at 4 00 p. M. Eastern here on American History tv. Andaturday at 10 00 a. M. Sunday at 4 00 p. M. On American History tv. Q a, a look at policies on immigration. Nativeuld argue that sentiment and xenophobia is not what we is not different from what we have seen in the past. And while it seems to us to be peppered with acts of violence and ferocity, there have been antiacts of violence, immigrant riots before the civil war, antiimmigrant riots in the 1880s. There have been a lot of moments in American History when the antiimmigrant sentiment has been translated into true ugliness. Watch sunday night at 8 00 a. Eastern on cspans q cities tourn continues in toledo, with the forgotten visitors of northwest ohio. We are at the corner of 21st at monro. A forgotten visitor was j edgar hoover. Hoover came here in 1936, flew in from cleveland, 4 00 in the morning, arrived at this location. At that time there would have been a row of apartment buildings behind me. Hoover kicked the door down and arrested americas most wanted criminal, harry campbell. Put them in the car, drove them back to the